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Exp. 7 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) : Identification

This document provides instructions for performing a chemical oxygen demand (COD) test to measure pollutants in wastewater and natural waters. The COD test uses a strong oxidant, potassium dichromate, in acidic conditions to digest organic and inorganic compounds in a sample at 150°C. Chlorides can interfere with the test and are reduced by adding mercury sulfate. Standards are made from potassium hydrogen phthalate to create a calibration curve. Samples and standards are digested then measured spectrophotometrically at 600nm to determine COD concentrations.

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40 views2 pages

Exp. 7 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) : Identification

This document provides instructions for performing a chemical oxygen demand (COD) test to measure pollutants in wastewater and natural waters. The COD test uses a strong oxidant, potassium dichromate, in acidic conditions to digest organic and inorganic compounds in a sample at 150°C. Chlorides can interfere with the test and are reduced by adding mercury sulfate. Standards are made from potassium hydrogen phthalate to create a calibration curve. Samples and standards are digested then measured spectrophotometrically at 600nm to determine COD concentrations.

Uploaded by

ahmhussien
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Environmental Engineering Lab ( ECIV 4152)

Exp. 7
Chemical oxygen demand (COD)
Identification:

The chemical oxygen demand (COD) is defined as the amount of oxidant that reacts with the
sample under controlled conditions. The quantity of oxidant consumed is expressed in terms
of oxygen equivalent.
The oxidation is performed for both organic and inorganic compounds of the sample but in
most cases the organic compounds are predominant and of great interest.
COD is used as a measurement of pollutant in wastewater and natural waters.
In COD methodology, a strong oxidant K2Cr2O7 in acidic media is used for the digestion of
the sample at 150 oC.

Interferences:
The most interferences is from high concentrations of chlorides, that can be reduced by
addition of HgSO4

Reagents:

A- Digestion solution
1- 1.0216 g K2CrO7(dried) in 50ml dH2O then
2- Add 16.7ml conc. H2SO4, add 3.33g HgSO4
3- Dissolve, cool, dilute to 100ml with dH2O

B- Sulfuric acid - silver saulfate reagent


5.5 Ag2SO4→ 1 kg H2SO4

C- Fresh Potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) standard


- Crush ,dry (KHP) , in oven at 120 0C for 1 hour
- Dissolve 425 mg KHP in dH2O,dilute to 500 ml dH2O
- Now , the concentration is 1000 mg O2/L

Procedure:

1- From reagents for the experiment use these proportions, fill the COD screw
cap tube with the indicated amounts

Using16*100 mm tubes with Teflon screw, caps, Pyrex (150 0C)

Digestion vessel Sample (ml) Digestion Sulfuric acid Total final


solution (ml) reagent (ml) volume (ml)
Culture tubes 2.5 1.5 3.5 7.5
16*100mm

1
Environmental Engineering Lab ( ECIV 4152)

2- Prepare the calibration curve from KHP reagent

D- Working solution standard


mls of working std. dH2O Total volume Final conc. mgO2/L
1000mg O2
0 100 100 0
5 95 100 50
10 90 100 100
20 80 100 200
30 70 100 300
50 50 100 500
75 25 100 750
100 0 100 1000

- **close the tube tightly (Check for Teflon)


- Mix gently by tilting and mixing, check for leaks

- Place tubes in heating block at 150 0C


- Allow to reflux for 2 hours
- Remove from the heating block place in a rock, cool to room temperature.
- * read at λ=600nm ,adjust zero absorbance for reagent blank
- Samples are done in duplicate (or triplication)
** Plot absorbance vs. concentration

Conc.
Absorbance

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