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Worksheet Week 6

The document is a science worksheet about heat, work, and energy from Guipos National High School. It discusses key concepts like how heat causes internal energy to increase, differentiating spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes, and how heat pumps like refrigerators and air conditioners work by using energy to transfer heat from cold to warm reservoirs. It also covers the first and second laws of thermodynamics.

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Jaybie Tejada
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63 views

Worksheet Week 6

The document is a science worksheet about heat, work, and energy from Guipos National High School. It discusses key concepts like how heat causes internal energy to increase, differentiating spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes, and how heat pumps like refrigerators and air conditioners work by using energy to transfer heat from cold to warm reservoirs. It also covers the first and second laws of thermodynamics.

Uploaded by

Jaybie Tejada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GUIPOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Pob. Guipos, Zamboanga del Sur


WORKSHEET IN SCIENCE 9
Quarter 4 – Week 6

Name of Learner: ________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________ Date: ________

A. Topic: HEAT, WORK AND ENERGY


B. MELCS with Code: Explain how heat transfer and energy transformation make heat engines work. (S9FE-IVe-42)
C. Week Number: Quarter 4 – Week 6
D. Objectives: After going through this module, you are expected to:
a) Show heat causes the internal energy of the water to increase;
b) Differentiate the process as a spontaneous or non-spontaneous process; and
c) Infer how heat pumps (refrigerator and air conditioner) work.
E. Background Information:

HEAT AND WORK


This module centers on work and heat. It focuses on explaining how heat can be turned into work and how doing
work releases heat. It also discusses spontaneous processes where heat flows from a higher temperature to an object of
lower temperature, Also, how heat engines function, car’s engine specifically given emphasis. Thermal pollution is a result
from the rise in temperature of water bodies that is detrimental to aquatic animals and is caused by the disposal of heated
industrial water wastes. Being aware of the disadvantages of less efficient heat engines, we could design ways to lessen
its effects.
Heat transfer may change one’s temperature or phase; either it increases or decreases in the form of heat. On the
other hand, phase change means a change in the body’s internal energy. But much concern will be focused on the
adiabatic, or no heat enters or leaves the system.
Conservation of energy says that: Energy cannot be created or destroyed. The first law of thermodynamics is
actually based on this theory. It states that: The change in internal energy of a system equals the difference between
the heat taken in by the system and the work done by the system. Internal energy of a substance is the total of
molecular kinetic energy (due to the random motion of the molecules), the molecular potential energy (due to forces that
act between the atoms of a molecule and between the molecules), and other kinds of molecular energy.
When heat moves in instances where the work is done is negligible, the internal energy of the hot substances
decreases and the internal energy of the hot substance decreases, and the internal energy of the cold substance
increases. While heat may have derived from the internal energy supply of a substance, it is not proper to say that a
substance contains heat. The object has internal energy, not heat. The word “heat” is used only when the energy is
actually moving from hot to cold.

Joule is the SI unit for energy. The


first law states that the internal
energy of a system can be changed
by transferring energy by either
heat, work, or the combination of
the two.

HEAT PUMP
An object with a more significant temperature is said to be hot, and the word “hot brings to mind the word “heat.”
Heat moves from a hotter item to a cooler object when the two things are placed in contact. For instance, a pot of
chocolate drink feels hot when touched, while you feel cold when you touch a scoop of ice cream. The temperature of hot
chocolate is relatively higher than the average body temperature of 370C; on the other hand, ice cream’s temperature is
lower than 370C. When you touch a chocolate drink cup, heat flows from a hotter cup to a cooler hand. Furthermore,
when you feel a cone of ice cream, heat moves from hot to cold. In this case, from the warmer hand to the cooler cone.
The feedback of the nerves in hand to the arrival or departure of heat yield the brain to recognize the cup of chocolate
drink as being hot and a cone of ice cream as being cold.
A heat pump a device that allows heat to transfer from a cold reservoir to a warmer one, which cannot happen
spontaneously, or on its own. Work is needed for the heat to move from a lower to a higher temperature. This work is
contributed by the motor of a heat pump. Heat flows from higher temperature to lower temperature. It is a natural or
spontaneous process. Any external energy is not required to happen. When heat moves from lower temperature to
higher temperature, it needs mechanical energy to happen. It is called non-spontaneous process. In doing so, work
should be done. Mechanical energy is necessary for this to occur. The Second Law of Thermodynamics is used here. It
says that heat will not at all move from a cold temperature to hot temperature items. The work is contributed to the motor
of the heat pump.

ACTIVITY
Activity 1: Fill Me!
A. Directions: Fill in the blanks with the best answers to complete the statements.
1. The change in the ______________ of a system is equivalent to the difference between the heat taken in by the
system and the work performed by the system.
2. _________ is the unit to express internal energy.
3. A process without gain or loss of heat is called _______________.
4. Heat flows commonly from higher temperature to lower temperature which is a ______________ process.
5. The second law of _____________ says that heat will not at all of itself move from a cold temperature to a hot
temperature.

B. TRUE OR FALSE. Read and analyze each statement carefully. Write HEAT if the statement is
accurate, and write TEMPERATURE if the information is false on the space before each number.
__________6. A heat engine is a device that turns thermal energy into mechanical work.
__________7. Using a heat engine, all heat can be converted into work.
__________8. Thermal pollution is caused by the pile-up exhaustion of heat coming from diesel, gasoline and
industrial engines.
__________9. Heat moves from a lower temperature to a higher temperature.
__________10. The spontaneous process occurs when heat flows from a lower temperature to a higher
temperature.
Illustrations of REFRIGERATOR AND AIR CONDITIONING CYCLE

How does the air conditioner work?

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