Practice set QT

Introduction to statistics

1. The first hand and unorganized form of data is called

a) Secondary data

b) Organized data

c) Primary data
d) None of these

2. The data which have already been collected by someone are called

a) Secondary data
b) Organized data

c) Primary data

d) None of these

3. A frequency distribution can at the most have the following number of open ended class intervals

2
3

4. The series Weights(KG) 15----20 20----25 25----30 30----35 35----40

No. of items 10 15 30 10 5

is categorized as:

(a) Continuous series

(b) Discrete series
(c) Time series

(d) Geometric series

5.. The series Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Profit (000 Rs.) 7 10 16 18 22

will be called as:

(a) Time series

(b) Discrete series

(c) Continuous series

(d) Individual series

6.. Frequency of a variable is always in:

a. Fraction form
b. Percentage form
c. Less than form
d. Integer form

7. If in a frequency table, either the lower limit of first class or the upper limit of last class is not a fixed number,
then classes are called:
a. One-way classes
b. Two-way classes
c. Discrete classes
d. Open-end classes

8.. The suitable diagram to represent the data relating to the monthly expenditure on different items by a
family is:
a. line Graph
b. Histogram
c. Multiple bar diagram
d. Pie diagram
9. The data which have under gone any treatment previously is called:
(a) Primary data

(b) Secondary data

(c) Symmetric data

(d) Skewed data

9.. The data obtained by conducting a survey is called:

(a) Primary data

(b) Secondary data

(c) Continuous data

(d) Qualitative data

10.. Monthly rainfall in a city during the last ten years is an example of a:

(a) Discrete variable

(b) Continuous variable

(c) Qualitative variable

(d) Independent variable

11.A ______ refers to the group in your study whereas a _____ refers to a distinct group of people.

a. Participant, population

b. Population, sample

c. sample, participant
d. sample, population

12. The weights of students in a college/school is a

a) Discrete variable

b) Continuous variable
c) Qualitative measure

d) None of these

Ans. b

13.Life of a T.V picture tube is a

a) Discrete variable

b) Continuous variable
c) Qualitative

d) constant

Ans. b

14. The first hand and unorganized form of data is called

a) Secondary data

b) Organized data

c) Primary data
d) None of these

Ans. c

15. The data which have already been collected by someone are called

a) Secondary data
b) Organized data

c) Primary data

d) None of these

Ans. a
16. Population census is conducted through

a) Sample survey

b) Accounting

c) Investigation

d) Complete enumeration
Ans. d

17. A parameter is a measure which is computed from

a) Population data
b) Sample data

c) Test statistics

d) None of these

Ans. a

18. For a given data, if we decide to construct a frequency distribution with only one class interval, then the
frequency of the class interval would be equal to

One

Total number of data points

The largest value of the data

The smallest value of the data

Ans. b

19. Rate of change of frequency from one class to the next is best shown in

Raw data

Frequency polygon
Histogram
Data array

Ans. b

20. An ogive is

A graph of ungrouped data

A graph of grouped data

A graph of cumulative frequencies

None of these

Ans. c

21. Which of the following can be used to represent graphically the type of events that may result from a
random experiment?

Histogram
Frequency polygon

Ogive

Venn diagram

22 A frequency distribution can at the most have the following number of open ended class intervals

2
3

23. Procedures of descriptive statistics and control charts which are used to improve process are classified as
(1)

statistical tools
parallel tools

serial tools

behavioral tools
24. In every phenomenon, process of thought that focus on identifying, controlling and reduction of variations in
data is classified as (1)

parallel thinking

serial thinking

statistical thinking
managerial thinking

25. One of category of statistical method is (1)

managerial statistics

decision science

inferential statistics
industry statistics

26. Focus groups, individual respondents and panels of respondents are classified as
(1)

pointed data sources

itemized data sources

secondary data sources

primary data sources

27. Variables whose measurement is done in terms such as weight, height and length are classified as
(1)

continuous variables
measuring variables

flowchart variables
discrete variables

28. Type of variable which can take any numerical figure for calculation is classified as
(1)

continuous variable
measuring variable

flowchart variable

discrete variable

29. Data that are collected by any body for some specific purpose and use are called: (1)

(a) Qualitative data

(b) Primary data

(c) Secondary data

(d) Continuous data

30. Given X1=12,X2=19,X3=10,X4=7, then ∑i=14 Xi       equals?         (2)

a.  36

b.  48
 c. 41

 d. 29

31.  In descriptive statistics, we study    (1)

The description of the decision-making process

The methods for organizing, displaying and describing data

How to describe the probability distribution

None of the above

32. The algebraic sum of deviations from mean is:   (1)

Maximum

Zero
Minimum

Undefined

33.. Graph of time series data is called     (1)

Polygon

Histogram
Ogive

Historigram

34.. If the value of any regression coefficient is zero, then two variables are: (1)

Qualitative 

Correlation 

Dependent 

Independent
 

35.. A numerical value used as a summary measure for a sample, such as a sample mean, is known as a (1)

A) Population Parameter

B) Sample Parameter

C) Sample Statistic
D) Population Mean

 
 

36. A method used to examine inflation rate anticipation, unemployment rate and capacity utilisation to produce
products is classified as   (1)

A) Data Exporting Technique

B) Data Importing Technique

C) Forecasting Technique
D) Data Supplying Technique

37. In statistics, a population consists of:      (1)

All People living in a country

All People living in the area under study

All subjects or objects whose characteristics are being studied

None of the above

38.A parameter is a measure which is computed from (1)

Population data
Sample data

Test statistics

None of these

39. Sum of dots when two dice are rolled is  (1)

A discrete variable
A continuous variable

A constant
A qualitative variable

40. The first hand and unorganized form of data is called(1)

Secondary data

Organized data

Primary data
None of these

41. Questionnaire survey method is used to collect     (1)

Secondary data

Qualitative variable

Primary data
None of these

42. The data which have already been collected by someone are called   (1)

Raw data

Array data

Secondary data
Fictitious data

43. A constant variable can take values     (1)

Zero

Fixed
Not fixed

Nothing

44. The following data show the number of hours worked by 200 statistics students.

Number of Hours Frequency                                                                 (2)

0 - 9          40
10 - 19      50
20 - 29      70
30 - 39      40

The number of students working 19 hours or less

is 40
b. is 50
c. is 90

45. . Consider the following data                                                                                           (3)

24, 37, 40, 18, 15, 45, 32, 68, 24, 37, 20, 32, 15, 27, 46, 42, 62, 58, 24, 42, 22, 26, 42, 41, 34, 55, 50, 63, 29, 22

the class interval is 9 and the If number of classes are 6 what would be the frequency of last but one class?

2 

3
5

46.constructing a histogram, if the class interval size of one class is double than others, then the width of that
bar should be                                      (1)

Doubled
Half

One

Quarter

47.You asked five of your classmates about their height. On the basis of this information, you stated that the
average height of all students in your university or college is 67 inches. This is an example of:  (1)

Descriptive statistics

Inferential Statistics
Parameter

Population
48. The following data show the number of hours worked by 200 statistics students.

Number of Hours Frequency                                                                 (2)

0 - 9          50
10 - 19      40
20 - 29      70
30 - 39      40

The number of students working 19 hours or less

is 40
b. is 50
c. is 90
d. can not be determined without the original data

49.Arithmetic mean is 12 and number of observations are 20 then sum of all values is (2)

32

240
50.. Fractiles that divide the data into ten equal parts are called as (2)

a. Quartile

b. Decile
c. Percentaile

d. Range

51.

Data Points Frequency

Less than 8 2
Less than 16 8
Less than 24 11
Less than 32 16
Less than 40 18
Less than 48 20
If we construct a histogram to the above distribution, how many rectangles in it will be of equal area?
(3)

52.. Consider the frequency table below: (4)

Class Frequency
0—9 26
10—19 47
20—29 33
30—39 16
40--49 22

The mode of this sample is (choose the nearest value)

10

142

16

53. Since the population size is always larger than the sample size, then the sample statistic
(1)

a. can never be larger than the population parameter

b. can never be equal to the population parameter
c. can never be smaller than the population parameter
d. None of the above answers is correct.

Measures of central tendencies

54. The median is a better index of central tendency than the mean when the distribution is
a. symmetrical.

b. skewed.
c. normal.

d. bimodal.

55.Which is not a positional measure of central tendency?

Mean

Median

Mode

SD
56.. Which of the following divides a group of data into four subgroups?

Quartiles
Percentiles

standard deviation

median

57. The mode is most useful when

The data set contains no values that occur more than once

Every value has the same frequency

The maximum frequency occurs at many data points

The maximum frequency occurs at one data point

58. Which of the following is most affected by the presence of extreme values in the data set?

Mean
Median

Mode

Quartile
59. Median, mode, deciles and percentiles are all considered as measures of
a. mathematical averages
b. population averages
c. sample averages
d. averages of position

60. When the distribution is skewed the best measure of central tendency is
a. Mode
b. Median
c. Mean
d. Both a and b

61. For ordinal data the most suitable measure of central tendency is

Mean

Median
Mode

Either mean or mode

62. The arithmetic mean is highly affected by:

a. Moderate values
b. Extremely small values
c. Odd values
d. Extremely large values

63.. For nominal data the most suitable measure of central tendency is

Mean

Median

Mode
Either Mean or median

64.What is the mode of the following data set { 3, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 7, 7, 7}?

(a) 1.3

(b) 2.5

(c) 3.7

(d)none of the above

65. If the arithmetic means of two samples of sizes 8 and 10 are 5 and 8 respectively, then the combined
arithmetic mean of both the samples is

a) 6.33

b) 6.67

c) 11.40

d) 12.00

66. Four teachers of Economics reported mean examination grades of 73, 67, 69 and 64 in their classes which
consisted of 15, 20, 10 and 18 students respectively. What is the mean grades of all students?                             
(4)

a. 63.89

b. 65.91

c. 70.32

d. 67.89

67. Calculate the missing frequency from the following distribution, it being given that the mean of the
distribution is 18.1.                                                                                                                                                   (4)

class 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35

Frequency 11 20 35 20 ? 6

10
11

68.The arithmetic mean of a set of 10 numbers is 20. If each number is first multiplied by 2 and then increased
by 5, then what is the mean of new numbers?                          (4)

a. 20                 

b. 25                 

c. 40                 

d. 45

69.Calculate the missing frequency from the following distribution, it being given that the mean of the
distribution is 18.1.                                                                                                                                                   (4)

class 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35

Frequency 11 20 35 20 ? 6

10

11

70. Calculate the missing frequency from the following distribution, it being given that the mean of the
distribution is 18.1.                                                                                                                                                   (4)

class 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35

Frequency 11 20 35 20 ? 6

9
10

11

71.Mean of the set 6, 4, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4 would be                  (2)

4.125
5

72. The mean of 9 observations is 16. One more observation is included and the new mean becomes 17. The
10th observation is                                                                    (4)

a. 18 

                b. 26    

30               

  d. 7

Ans b

73. In a distribution mean = 10, median = 12 and mode = 12 then the distribution is (2)

a. normal

b. bell shaped

c. Positively skewed

d. Negatively skewed
74.
 Data Points Frequency
Less than 8 2
Less than 16 8
Less than 24 11
Less than 32 16
Less than 40 18
Less than 48 20
What percentage of data points are greater than or equal to 32 (3)

15

20

25

30

75.Which is not a positional measure of central tendency?

Mean

Median

Mode

SD

76. In manufacturing company, number of employees in unit A is 40, mean is USD $6400 and number of
employees in unit B is 30 with mean of Rs. 5500 then combined arithmetic mean is

9500

8000

7014.29

6014.29
77.  Find the Median of the following grouped data. (3)

Marks Frequency

0-10 9
 10-20 10

20-30 24

30-40 16

40-50 11

a) 15
b) 20
c) 26.66
d) 35

Measures of Dispersion

78. The mean of a distribution is 14 and the standard deviation is 5. What is the value of the coefficient of
variation?

60.4%

48.3%

35.7%
27.8%

79. The mean of a distribution is 23, the median is 24, and the mode is 25.5. It is most likely that this distribution
is:

Positively skewed

Symmetrical

Asymptotic

Negatively skewed
80. The sum of the deviations about the mean is always:

Zero
Positive
Negative

Equal to range

81. Which of the following would indicate that a dataset is not bell-shaped?

a. The range is equal to 5 standard deviations.

b. The range is larger than the inter quartile range.

c. The mean is much smaller than the median.

d. There are no outliers.

81. The mean of a distribution is 14 and the standard deviation is 5. What is the value of the coefficient of
variation?

60.4%

48.3%

35.7%
27.8%

82.The variance of a set of data is 3.If every item is doubled then,

what will be the variances of the resulting data set?

(a)12
(b) 3/4

(c)3/2

(d) 6
83. If the standard deviation of the values 2, 4, 6, 8 is 2.33, then the standard deviation of the values 4, 6, 8,
10 is

a) 0

b) 2.5
c) 4.66

d) 2.33

84. The scatter in a series of values about the average is called: (1)

Central tendency 

Dispersion 
Skewness 

Symmetry 

85. Number of patients who visited cardiologists are as 63, 57, 51, 65 in four days then absolute mean deviation
(approximately) is                              (4)

8 patents

4 patients

10 patients

5 patients
86. The range of the scores 29, 3, 143, 27, 99 is: (2)

140 
143 

146 

70 

87. Difference between highest and lowest observation is 20 and coefficient of range is 0.077 then sum of
highest and lowest value is             (3)

210
220

260
240

88. The standard deviation and mean return of 4 securities A, B, C and D are given below:

Security A B C D

Mean returns 10 15 20 25

Standard Deviation 0 10 20 30

Which of the above securities is least consistent?                                                           (4)

D
89. Difference between highest and lowest observation is 20 and coefficient of range is 0.077 then sum of
highest and lowest value is             (3)

210

220

260
240

90. The range of the values -5, -8, -10, 0, 6, 10 is: (2)

0 

10 

-10 
 20 
 

91. If the maximum value in a series is 25 and its range is 15, the minimum value of the series is: (2)

(a) 10 
(b) 15 

(c) 25 

(d) 35 

91. If Q3=20 and Q1=10, the coefficient of quartile deviation is: (2)

(a) 3 

(b) 1/3 
(c) 2/3 

(d) 1 

92. The variance of 19, 21, 23, 25 and 27 is 8. The variance of 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 is: (2)

(a) Greater than 8 

(b) 8 
(c) Less than 8 

(d) 8 - 5 = 3

93 If all the scores on examination cluster around the mean, the dispersion is said to be: (1)

Small 
Large 
Normal 

Symmetrical 

94. Which measure of dispersion can be computed in case of open-end classes? (1)

(a) Standard deviation 

(b) Range 

(c) Quartile deviation 

(d) Coefficient of variation

95.The algebraic sum of deviations from mean is:   (1)

Maximum

Zero
Minimum

Undefined

96.The median is a better index of central tendency than the mean when the distribution is

a. symmetrical.

b. skewed.
c. normal.

d. bimodal.

97. If every observation in a data set is increased by a constant k, then the range of the resulting data set is equal
to

Range of the original data set

Range of the original data set minus k
Range of the original data set plus k

98. The descriptive measure of dispersion that is based on the concept of a deviation about the mean is               
(1)

a. the range
b. the inter quartile range
c. both a and b
d. the standard deviation

99. Half of the difference between upper and lower quartiles is called: (1)

(a) Interquartile range 

(b) Quartile deviation 

(c) Mean deviation 

(d) Standard deviation 

100. If there are many extreme scores on all examination, the dispersion is: (1)

Large 
Small 

Normal 

Symmetric 

101. The measures used to calculate the variation present among the observations relative to their average is
called: (1)

(a) Coefficient of kurtosis 

(b) Absolute measures of dispersion 

(c) Quartile deviation 

(d) Relative measures of dispersion 

102. If Q3=20 and Q1=10, the coefficient of quartile deviation is:                      (2)

(a) 3 

(b) 1/3 
(c) 2/3 

(d) 1

103.Difference between highest and lowest observation is 20 and coefficient of range is 0.077 then sum of
highest and lowest value is (3)

210

220

260
240

104.. At a grocery store, number of per day sold processed fruits cans in 15 days are 50, 70, 60, 40, 30, 20, 5,
150, 55, 75, 65, 45, 35, 25, 52 then outliers in observations are (2)

50, 150

5, 150
25, 70

150

105.The standard deviation and mean return of 4 securities A, B, C and D are given below:

Security A B C D
Mean returns 10 15 20 25
Standard 0 10 20 30
Deviation

Which of the above securities is least consistent? (4)

A
B

D
106.Difference between highest and lowest observation is 20 and coefficient of range is 0.077 then sum of
highest and lowest value is (3)

210

220

260
240

107.If quartile range is 24 then quartile deviation is

48

12
24

2108.If arithmetic mean is multiplied to coefficient of variation then resulting value is classified as

coefficient of deviation

coefficient of mean

standard deviation
variance

109.If value of first quartile is 49 and value of third quartile is 60 then value of inter quartile range is

21

31

11
41
110.Variability which is defined as difference between third and first quartile is considered as

quartile range

deciles range

percentile range

inter quartile range

111.Mean absolute deviation is 5 and arithmetic mean is 110 then coefficient of mean absolute deviation is

1.054

0.045
0.054

0.064

112. Considering sales, coefficient of variation for product X is 9.3% and coefficient of variation for product Y is
8.9% then sales fluctuation of

product X is higher
product Y is higher

product X is lower

product X and Y is lower

113. Difference between highest and lowest observation is 20 and coefficient of range is 0.077 then sum of
highest and lowest value is

210

220

260
240

114. If the observations of a variable X are, -4, -20, -30, -44 and -36, then the value of the range will be:
(2)

(a) -48
(b) 40
(c) -40

(d) 48

115. If Q3=20 and Q1=10, the coefficient of quartile deviation is: (2)

(a) 3

(b) 1/3
(c) 2/3

(d) 1

116. Comment on the skewness (5)

9 8 14 12 9 9

13 9 12 15 6 11

13 8 5 15 14 8

9 12 13 11 12 10

15 9 14 9 5 12

a. Left skewed

b. right skewed
c. symmetric

d. insufficient data

Ans b

117. . Find missing frequency from the following data (5)

Class 10-15 15--20 20--25 25--30 30--35 35--40 40--45 45--50

Frequenc 24 x 90 122 y 56 20 33
 y
Total Frequency (N) = 460 and Q1 = 21.5

a. x=64; y = 51

b. x= 51; y =64

c. x = 24; y = 28

d. x = 28; y = 24

Correlation and regression

118. If the intercept on Y- axis and the slope of a regression line are 4 and 3 respectively, then the equation of
the regression line can be written as

Y=3X +4
Y =4X +3

X = 3Y + 4

X = 4Y +3

119. The correlation coefficient of the variable with itself is

1
-1

(a) or (b)

120. The regression line of Y on X is given by Y = 38.52 + 0.476X and that of X on Y is given by X = -3.38 + 1.036Y.
then, the value of r2 is

0.369
0.459

0.493

0.536

121. Which of the following components of time series can be separated using the percent trend measure?

Irregular variation

Secular trend

Seasonal variation
Cyclical variation

122. Rank correlation is used when the variables

Have a high variation

Involved are too many

Represent data in ordinal form

Represent data in matrix form

123.If the intercept on Y- axis and the slope of a regression line are 4 and 3 respectively, then the equation of
the regression line can be written as

Y=3X +4
Y =4X +3

X = 3Y + 4

X = 4Y +3

124.The regression line of Y on X is given by Y = 38.52 + 0.476X and that of X on Y is given by X = -3.38 + 1.036Y.
then, the value of r2 is
0.369

0.459

0.493

0.536

125.Given covariance (X , Y ) = 14, SDX = 5 and SDY = 4, what is the value of correlation coefficient?

a) 0.29

b) 0.36

c) 0.70
d) 0.80

126.Suppose the estimating equation Y = 5 – 2X has been calculated for a set of data. Which of the following is
true for this situation?

The Y-intercept of the line 2.

The slope of the line is negative.

The line represents an inverse relationship.

(b) and (c) but not (a).

127. If the slope of the regression line is calculated to be 2.5 and the intercept 16 then the value of Y when X is 4
is:

a) 26
b) 16

c) 66.5

d) 2.5

128. If R2 is calculated to be 0.98 how confident would you be in using the line of best fit for prediction? 

a) The relationship is too weak to predict.

b) Not confident

c) The relationship is random and thus cannot be predicted

d) Very confident

129. In the equation of a straight line, Y = mX + c , if m is equal to -2 then:

a) The relationship between the two variables is perfect

b) There is a negative relationship between the two variables

c) There is a positive relationship between the two variables

d) There is no relationship between the two variables

130. In a perfectly symmetrical distribution, if 50% of the items are above 60, 25% items are above 75, then the
percentage of items below 45 will be

a) 25%

b) 50%

c) 75%
d) 10%

131.Rank correlation is used when the variables

Have a high variation

Involved are too many

Represent data in ordinal form

Represent data in matrix form

132.A process by which we estimate the value of dependent variable on the basis of one or more independent
variables is called:                                 (1)

Correlation 
Regression 
Residual 

Slope

133.The finance manager of Crystal Technologies Ltd. Has collected the following data from past records:

Average receivable balance(Rs. In Bad Debts(Rs. In’000)

lakh)

49 94

54 125

56 118

60 117

64 150

71 140

The percentage of variations in bad debts that is explained by the variations in average receivables balance?       
(6)

a. 67.64%

b. 68.25%

c. 61.25%

d. 74.62%

134. The advertisement expenditure and the sales of Magna products Ltd. For the last six years, are given below:

Advertisement expenditure 37 63 60 88 80 73

Sales 480 540 590 870 630 790

An estimating equation to predict sales from advertisement expenditure has to be formulated using the simple
regression technique.                           (6)

If the advertisement expenditure is Rs. 78 lakh then estimated sales will be 

601.354

650.246

727.363

752.624

135.The ages (in years) of seven children and number of words in their vocabulary is given in in the following
table. What is the value of slope, m of the equation of regression line for the given data?                                          
(6)

Age(X) 3 4 4 5 6 2 3

Vocabulary 1100 1300 1500 2100 2600 460 1200

size(Y)

The slope of x on y is

a. m = 0.00031

b. m = -0.00031

c. m = 510.789
d. m = -510.789

136. Given the regression equation of Y on X and X on Y are respectively y= 2x and 6x – y = 4. Find the correlation
coefficient between x and y?            (4)

a. 0.578

b. 0.625

c. 0.595
d. 0.653

137 For a regression equation,  y = 3-5x, the coefficient of determination is 0.36. The correlation coefficient
between x and y is equal to                                               (4)

a. -0.60

b. -0.36

c. -0.06

d. 0.60

138Spearman rank-order correlation on data without any ties we will use the following data:                                    
(4)

  Marks

English 56 75 45 71 62 64 58 80 76 61

Maths 66 70 40 60 65 56 59 77 67 63

0.33

-0.33

0.67

-0.67

139. If one regression coefficient is greater than one, then other will be: (1)

More than one 

Equal to one 

Less than one 

Equal to minus one 

140. Ten salesmen in a firm were put to a competency test. The test scores obtained by the sales person and the
monthly sales made by them are given below:

Test Score 30 60 40 50 70 40 80 30 50 50
 Monthly  Sales(Rs. 000) 25 50 35 45 55 30 60 30 40 30

A regression equation has to be developed for estimating the amount of monthly sales from the test scores. On
the basis of this regression equation what is the estimated monthly sales for a salesman who scores 90 in the
competency test?                              (6)

Rs. 687.5

Rs. 67,500

Rs. 61,875

Rs. 5,625

141 The lines of regression of y on x and x on y are respectively                    (4)

Y = x+8

16x – 9y = 100

Find the values of mean of x and mean of y

Mean of x = 24.57, Mean of y = 32.57

Mean of x = 32.57, Mean of y = 24.57

Mean of x = -32.57, Mean of y = 24.57

Mean of x = 32.57, Mean of y = -24.57

142. The ages (in years) of seven children and number of words in their vocabulary is given in in the following
table. What is the value of slope, m of the equation of regression line for the given data?                                          
(6)

Age(X) 3 4 4 5 6 2 3

Vocabulary 1100 1300 1500 2100 2600 460 1200

size(Y)

 
The slope of x on y is

a. m = 0.00031

b. m = -0.00031

c. m = 510.789
d. m = -510.789

. 

143. The straight line graph of the linear equation Y = a+ bX, slope will be upward if:    (2)

b = 0 

b < 0 

b > 0 
b ≠ 0 

144. The straight line graph of the linear equation Y = a + bX, slope will be downward If: (2)

b > 0 

b < 0 
b = 0 

b ≠ 0 

145.The following table provides data about the percentage of students who have free university meals and
their CGPA scores. The Spearman’s Rank Correlation between the two is                                                                        
(4)

State University Pune Chennai Delhi Kanpur Ahmedabad Indore

Percentage of students having free 14.4 7.2 27.5 33.8 38.0 15.9
meals

% of students scoring above 8.5 CGPA 54 64 44 32 37 68

 

0.714

-0.714

0.158

-0.158

146.

X 65 63 67 64 68 62 70 66 68 67 69 71

Y 68 66 68 65 69 66 68 65 71 67 68 70

What is the coefficient of correlation between x and y         (6)

0.70268

0.6965

0.6856

0.6725

147.. The slope of the regression line of Y on X is also called the: (1)

Correlation coefficient of X on Y 

Correlation coefficient of Y on X 

Regression coefficient of X on Y 

Regression coefficient of Y on X 

148. The method of least squares dictates that we choose a regression line where the sum of the square of
deviations of the points from the lie is:                   (1)
Maximum 

Minimum 
Zero 

Positive

149. A statistical measure of the degree to which two variables (e.g., securities' returns) move together.

a. coefficient of variation

b. variance

c. covariance
d. certainty equivalent

150. To determine the height of a person when his weight is given is: (1)

(a) Correlation problem 

(b) Association problem 

(c) Regression problem 

(d) Qualitative problem 

151. The dependent variable is also called(1) 

(a) Regression 

(b) Regressed 
(c) Continuous variable 

(d) Independent 

152. In the regression equation Y = a+bX, the Y is called: (1)

Independent variable 
Dependent variable 
Continuous variable 

 None of the above

153.All data points falling along a straight line is called: (1)

Linear relationship 
Non linear relationship 

Residual 

Scatter diagram

154.

X 65 63 67 64 68 62 70 66 68 67 69 71

Y 68 66 68 65 69 66 68 65 71 67 68 70

Which of the following represent the best fit line of Y on X                                         (6)

Y = 1.479+1.086x

Y = 1.479+1.036x

Y = 1.679+1.096x

Y = 1.679-1.096x

155. Spearman rank-order correlation on data without any ties we will use the following data:                                  
(4)

  Marks

English 56 75 45 71 62 64 58 80 76 61

Maths 66 70 40 60 65 56 59 77 67 63
0.33

-0.33

0.67

-0.67

156.. If r=0.6, byx=1.2 then bxy=?                                                                                     (3)

a) 0.3
b) 0.2

c) 0.72

d) 0.40

157.. If the correlation coefficient r = 0.5 then the coefficient of determination is     (2)
a. 0.10
b. 0.25
c. 1.00
d. 2.50

158. For a regression equation,  y = 3-5x, the coefficient of determination is 0.36. The correlation coefficient
between x and y is equal to                                               (4)

a. -0.60
b. -0.36

c. -0.06

d. 0.60

Ans a
159.. The ages (in years) of seven children and number of words in their vocabulary is given in in the following
table. What is the value of slope, m of the equation of regression line for the given data?                                          
(6)

Age(x) 4 4 4 5 6 2 3

Vocabulary 1100 1300 1800 2100 2800 460 1200

size(Y)

The correlation coefficient r is

-0.94

0.69

-0.69

0.94

160. 

X y

Rs. Rs.

Arithmetic Mean 6 8

Standard Deviation 5 40/3

Coefficient of correlation between x and y = 8/15

What is the regression coefficient of y on x?                                                   (5)

64/45

32/45

16/45

8/45

161.. Suppose the estimating equation Y = 5 – 2X has been calculated for a set of data. Which of the following is
true for this situation? (3)
The Y-intercept of the line 2.

The slope of the line is negative.

The line represents an inverse relationship.

(b) and (c) but not (a).

162. If R2 is calculated to be 0.98 how confident would you be in using the line of best fit for prediction? 
(2)

a) The relationship is too weak to predict.

b) Not confident

c) The relationship is random and thus cannot be predicted

d) Very confident

163. If r=0.6, byx=1.2 then bxy=? (3)

a) 0.3
b) 0.2

c) 0.72

d) 0.40

164. Rank correlation is used when the variables (2)

Have a high variation

Involved are too many

Represent data in ordinal form

Represent data in matrix form

165.Given the regression equation of Y on X and X on Y are respectively y= 2x and 6x – y = 4. Find the correlation
coefficient between x and y? (4)

a. 0.578

b. 0.625

c. 0.595

d. 0.653
166.. For a regression equation, y = 3-5x, the coefficient of determination is 0.36. The correlation coefficient
between x and y is equal to (4)

a. -0.60

b. -0.36

c. -0.06

d. 0.60

167.

X y
Rs. Rs.
Arithmetic Mean 6 8
Standard Deviation 5 40/3
Coefficient of correlation between x and y = 8/15

What is the regression coefficient of y on x? (4)

64/45

32/45

16/45

8/45

168.

X y
Rs. Rs.
Arithmetic Mean 6 8
Standard Deviation 5 40/3
Coefficient of correlation between x and y = 8/15

What is the regression equation of x on y (4)

Y = 5x -32

Y = 5x -22

Y = 5x +32

D y = 5x +22

169.
 X y
Rs. Rs.
Arithmetic Mean 6 8
Standard Deviation 5 40/3
Coefficient of correlation between x and y = 8/15

What is the most likely value of y when x = Rs. 100 (4)

139.25

141.70

142.62

143.52

170 Ten salesmen in a firm were put to a competency test. The test scores obtained by the sales person and the
monthly sales made by them are given below:

Test 30 60 40 50 70 40 80 30 50 50
Score
Monthly 25 50 35 45 55 30 60 30 40 30
Sales(Rs.
000)

A regression equation has to be developed for estimating the amount of monthly sales from the test scores. On
the basis of this regression equation what is the estimated monthly sales for a salesman who scores 90 in the
competency test? (4)

Rs. 687.5

Rs. 67,500

Rs. 61,875

Rs. 5,625

171. Given covariance (X , Y ) = 14, SDX = 5 and SDY = 4, what is the value of correlation coefficient?
(3)

a) 0.29

b) 0.36

c) 0.70

d) 0.80
172. Let the coefficient of determination computed to be 0.39 in a problem involving one independent variable
and one dependent variable. This result means that   (2)

a) The relationship between two variables is negative

b) The correlation coefficient is 0.39 also

c) 39% of the total variation is explained by the independent variable

d) 39% of the total variation is explained by the dependent variable

173. If rxy = -0.84 then ryx=? (2)

a) -0.84

b) 0.84

c) 0.42

d) None of these

174.The lines of regression of y on x and x on y are respectively (4)

Y = x+5

16x – 9y = 94

What will be the standard deviation of x if the variance of y = 16

3.5

3.8

175.. The lines of regression of y on x and x on y are respectively (4)

Y = x+5

16x – 9y = 94
What will be the covariance of x and y

176.

X 65 63 67 64 68 62 70 66 68 67 69 71
Y 68 66 68 65 69 66 68 65 71 67 68 70

Which of the following represent the best fit line of Y on X (4)

Y = 1.479+1.086x

Y = 1.479+1.036x

Y = 1.679+1.096x

Y = 1.679-1.096x

177.

X 65 63 67 64 68 62 70 66 68 67 69 71
Y 68 66 68 65 69 66 68 65 71 67 68 70
What is the coefficient of correlation between x and y (4)

0.70268

0.6965

0.6856

0.6725

178.

X 65 63 67 64 68 62 70 66 68 67 69 71
Y 68 66 68 65 69 66 68 65 71 67 68 70
What percentage of variations in Y is explained by the variations x (4)

70.98%

70.27%
69.25%

71.56%

179.Given the regression equation of Y on X and X on Y are respectively y= 2x and 6x – y = 4. Find the correlation
coefficient between x and y? (4)

a. 0.578
b. 0.625

c. 0.595

d. 0.653

180. . For a regression equation, y = 3-5x, the coefficient of determination is 0.36. The correlation coefficient
between x and y is equal to (4)

a. -0.60
b. -0.36

c. -0.06

d. 0.60

181.. The finance manager of Crystal Technologies Ltd. Has collected the following data from past records:

Average receivable balance(Rs. In lakh) Bad Debts(Rs. In’000)

49 94
54 125
56 118
60 117
64 150
71 140
The coefficient of correlation between average receivables balance and bad debts? (4)

0.7284

0.8224
0.8963

0.8363

182. The finance manager of Crystal Technologies Ltd. Has collected the following data from past records:
 Average receivable balance(Rs. In lakh) Bad Debts(Rs. In’000)
49 94
54 125
56 118
60 117
64 150
71 140

The percentage of variations in bad debts that is explained by the variations in average receivables balance?
(4)

a. 67.64%

b. 68.25%

c. 61.25%

d. 74.62%

183. If the correlation coefficient r = -0.9 then the coefficient of determination is (2)
a. -0.81
b. 0.81
c. 0.94
d. -0.94

184.Which of the following is true when the slope of the regression line zero?

a) Variance of the independent variable is zero.

b) Variance of the dependent variable is zero.

c) Covariance between the dependent and the independent variable is zero.

d) None of the above.

185. In regression analysis, the graphical plot of the numerical values of the dependent and independent
variables is called a

a) Histogram

b) Frequency polygon

c) Scatter diagram
d) Ogive

Probability Theory and distribution

186. What is the probability that a value chosen at random from a particular population is larger than the
median of the population

0.25

0.5
1.0

0.67

187.Which of the following is not true with regard to the binomial distribution?

The outcomes are independent of each other

Each outcome can be classified as a success or failure

The probability of success is constant from trial to trial

The random variable of interest is continuous

188.. According to the empirical rule, approximately what percent of the data should lie within μ±2σ?

75%

99.7%

90%

95%

189.Sum of dots when two dice are rolled is

Discrete variable
Continuous variable

Constant
Qualitative variable

190.The probabilities of two non-mutually exclusive and independent events, A and B are 0.2 and 0.3
respectively. What is the probability of their simultaneous occurrence?

a) 0.01

b) 0.05

c) 0.06
d) 0.15

191. If there are equal number of boys and girls in a class of 50 students. If a student is chosen randomly, what
is the probability that the child is a boy?

a) 2/3

b) 2/4

c) 2/5

d) 2/7

192. If A and B are two mutually exclusive events, which of the answer choices could be true?

(A) P(A and B) = 0

(B) P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)

(C) P(A or B) >1

a) Only (A)

b) Only (B)
c) Only (C)

d) Both (A) and (B)

193. There are 8 students on the cricket team and 12 students on the badminton team. What is the total
number of students on the two teams if three students are on both teams:
(a) 20
(b) 17
(c) 15
(d) 14

194. If A and B are not mutually exclusive and given that P(A or B) = 0.80,P(A and B) =0.30 and P(A) = 0.50.. What
will be the value of P(B)?

(a) 0.50

(b) 0.60
(c) 0.30

(d) 0.20

195. A fair coin is tossed twice. The probability that two heads will occur is

a. 0.15

b. 0.25
c. 0.375

d. 0.5

196. Let the coefficient of determination computed to be 0.39 in a problem involving one independent variable
and one dependent variable. This result means that  

a) The relationship between two variables is negative

b) The correlation coefficient is 0.39 also

c) 39% of the total variation is explained by the independent variable

d) 39% of the total variation is explained by the dependent variable

197. If rxy = -0.84 then ryx=?

a) -0.84
b) 0.84

c) 0.42

d) None of these

198. If r=0.6, byx=1.2 then bxy=?

a) 0.3
b) 0.2

c) 0.72

d) 0.40

199. If the dependent variable increases as the independent variable increases in an an estimating equation, the
coefficient of correlation will be in the range:

a) 0 to -1

b)0 to -0.05

c) 0 to -2

d) None of these
200.Which of the following is not true with regard to the binomial distribution?

The outcomes are independent of each other

Each outcome can be classified as a success or failure

The probability of success is constant from trial to trial

The random variable of interest is continuous

201.Tickets numbered 1 to 20 are mixed up, what is the probability that the ticket drawn has a number which is
multiple of 3 or 4                                                            (2)
a. ½
b. 2/5

c. 8/15

d. 9/20 

202. The following data show the number of hours worked by 200 statistics students.

Number of Hours Frequency                                                                 (2)

0 - 9          40
10 - 19      50
20 - 29      70
30 - 39      40

The relative frequency of students working 9 hours or less

is 0.2
b. is 0.45
c. is 0.40
d. can not be determined from the information given

203. The quality control department of a company has two Machines A and B. Machine A is a new one and
passes only two percent of the defective products. Machine B is an old one and due to some flaw passes seven
percent of the defective products. A product finds its way to the finished goods stores only after it is passed by
both the machines.

What is the probability that machine A has passed a product, given that Machine B has found it defective?           
(4)

0.02  

0.08

0.07

0.0014
204. The probability that the political party A does a particular work is 30% and the political party B doing the
same work is 40%. Then find the probability that the work is completed if the probability of choosing the political
party A is 40% and that of B is 60%.  (4)
a) 0.12
b) 0.24
c) 0.36
d) 0.48

205.In a firm, 40 percent of the work forces are female, 25 percent of the female workers are management
grade and 30 percent of the male workers are management  grade. If a management grade worker is selected at
random from this firm, what is the probability that the worker will be a female?                                                           
(4)

a. 1/14

b. 9/14

c. 5/14
d. 3/5

206.The board of ABC Company is considering some major policy changes that will affect the company’s three
divisions. The management was keen on getting the employees’ opinion before going ahead with the changes.
Meetings were held with group of employees from the three divisions. The opinions of the employees are
summarized in the table given below.

Opinion Textile Division Garments Finance

Strongly oppose 2 2 4

Slightly oppose 2 4 3

Neutral 3 3 5

Slightly support 2 3 2

Strongly support 6 3 1
An employee from one of the groups strongly supports the policy changes. What is the probability that he is
from the Garment division?                                                                                                      (4)

3/45

1/5

3/10

207.Husband and wife apply for two vacant spots in a company. If the probability of wife getting selected and
husband getting selected are 3/7 and 2/3 respectively, what is the probability that neither of them will be
selected?             (4)
a) 2⁄7
b) 5⁄7
c) 4⁄21
d) 17⁄21

208.The probability that the political party A does a particular work is 30% and the political party B doing the
same work is 40%. Then find the probability that the work is completed if the probability of choosing the political
party A is 40% and that of B is 60%.  (4)
a) 0.12
b) 0.24
c) 0.36
d) 0.48

209.. A bag contains 2 red 3 green and 2 blue balls. Two balls are drawn at random. What is the probability that
none of the balls drawn is blue?           (4)

10/21
11/21

2/7
5/7

210.The board of ABC Company is considering some major policy changes that will affect the company’s three
divisions. The management was keen on getting the employees’ opinion before going ahead with the changes.
Meetings were held with group of employees from the three divisions. The opinions of the employees are
summarized in the table given below.

Opinion Textile Division Garments Finance

Strongly oppose 2 2 4

Slightly oppose 2 4 3

Neutral 3 3 5

Slightly support 2 3 2

Strongly support 6 3 1

What is the probability that an employee, from Finance division group strongly opposes the policy changes?        
(4)

4/45

b. 4/15
1/3

211.Two unbiased coins are tossed. What is the probability of getting at most one head?  (3)

a) 1⁄2
b) 1⁄3
c) 1⁄6
d) 3⁄4
Ans d
212. The probability that at least one of the events M and N occur is 0.6. If M and N have probability of occurring
together as 0.2, then P(M) + P(N) is?  (3)
a) 0.4
b) 1.2
c) 0.8
d) Indeterminate

213.If A and B are two mutually exclusive events, which of the answer choices could be true? ((2)

(A) P(A and B) = 0

(B) P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)

(C) P(A or B) >1

a) Only (A)

b) Only (B)

c) Only (C)

d) Both (A) and (B)

214.Why the events of a coin toss are mutually exclusive? (2)

The outcome of a toss is not affected by the outcomes of those preceding it.

Both a head and a tail cannot turn up on any one toss.

The probability of getting a head and the probability of getting a tail are the same.

All of these

215.The board of ABC Company is considering some major policy changes that will affect the company’s three
divisions. The management was keen on getting the employees’ opinion before going ahead with the changes.
Meetings were held with group of employees from the three divisions. The opinions of the employees are
summarized in the table given below.

Opinion Textile Division Garments Finance

Strongly oppose 2 2 4
Slightly oppose 2 4 3
Neutral 3 3 5
Slightly support 2 3 2
Strongly support 6 3 1

An employee from one of the groups strongly opposes the policy changes. What is the probability that he is from
the Finance division? (4)

4/45

4/15

1/2

216.. The board of ABC Company is considering some major policy changes that will affect the company’s three
divisions. The management was keen on getting the employees’ opinion before going ahead with the changes.
Meetings were held with group of employees from the three divisions. The opinions of the employees are
summarized in the table given below.

Opinion Textile Division Garments Finance

Strongly oppose 2 2 4
Slightly oppose 2 4 3
Neutral 3 3 5
Slightly support 2 3 2
Strongly support 6 3 1

An employee from one of the groups strongly supports the policy changes. What is the probability that he is
from the Garment division? (4)

3/45

1/5

3/10
1/2

217.. The board of ABC Company is considering some major policy changes that will affect the company’s three
divisions. The management was keen on getting the employees’ opinion before going ahead with the changes.
Meetings were held with group of employees from the three divisions. The opinions of the employees are
summarized in the table given below.

Opinion Textile Division Garments Finance

Strongly oppose 2 2 4
Slightly oppose 2 4 3
Neutral 3 3 5
Slightly support 2 3 2
Strongly support 6 3 1

An employee from one of the groups remain neutral to the proposed policy changes. What is the probability
that he is from the Textile division? (4)

3/45

11/5

3/11

1/2

218.. The board of ABC Company is considering some major policy changes that will affect the company’s three
divisions. The management was keen on getting the employees’ opinion before going ahead with the changes.
Meetings were held with group of employees from the three divisions. The opinions of the employees are
summarized in the table given below.

Opinion Textile Division Garments Finance

Strongly oppose 2 2 4
Slightly oppose 2 4 3
Neutral 3 3 5
Slightly support 2 3 2
Strongly support 6 3 1

What is the probability that an employee, from Finance division group strongly opposes the policy changes?
(4)

4/45
4/15

1/3

1/2

219.The quality control department of a company has two Machines A and B. Machine A is a new one and
passes only two percent of the defective products. Machine B is an old one and due to some flaw passes seven
percent of the defective products. A product finds its way to the finished goods stores only after it is passed by
both the machines.

What is the probability that machine A has passed a product, given that Machine B has found it defective?
(4)

0.02

0.08

0.07

0.0014

220. The quality control department of a company has two Machines A and B. Machine A is a new one and
passes only two percent of the defective products. Machine B is an old one and due to some flaw passes seven
percent of the defective products. A product finds its way to the finished goods stores only after it is passed by
both the machines.

What is the probability that machine B passes a defective product, given that Machine A has passed it
(4)

0.02

0.08

0.07

0.0014

221. The quality control department of a company has two Machines A and B. Machine A is a new one and
passes only two percent of the defective products. Machine B is an old one and due to some flaw passes seven
percent of the defective products. A product finds its way to the finished goods stores only after it is passed by
both the machines.

What is the probability that machine B passes a defective product, given that Machine A has passed it
(4)
0.07

0.02

0.03

0.0014

222. In a firm, 40 percent of the work forces are female, 25 percent of the female workers are management
grade and 30 percent of the male workers are management grade. If a management grade worker is selected at
random from this firm, what is the probability that the worker will be a female?
(4)

a. 1/14

b. 9/14

c. 5/14
d. 3/5

223. Why the events of a coin toss are mutually exclusive?

The outcome of a toss is not affected by the outcomes of those preceding it.

Both a head and a tail cannot turn up on any one toss.

The probability of getting a head and the probability of getting a tail are the same.

All of these

224.A bag contains 2 red 3 green and 2 blue balls. Two balls are drawn at random. What is the probability that
none of the balls drawn is blue? (3)

10/21
11/21

2/7

5/7

225.A bag contains 2 red 3 green and 2 blue balls. Two balls are drawn at random. What is the probability that
the balls are of same colour (2)

10/21
11/21

2/21

5/21

226. A bank manager checked transactions to see the error procedures to write a report. The bank manager
randomly selected 15 cash transactions made in a month, and the chance for a procedural error is 10% from
experience. Find the probability that there are more than two procedural errors in such transactions.
(5)

a. 0.815939

b. 0.985439

c. 0.184061

d. 0.084061

227. From the table give below what is the probability that a randomly selected student has weight less than 55
kg ( 3)

Weight(kg) Students

40-45 4

45-50 12

50-55 3

55-60 2

60-65 3

65-70 1
a. 3/25

b.12/25

c. 19/25

d. 18/25

Sampling technique

228.A sample consists of (a) All units of the population (b) 5% units of the population (c) 10% units of the
population (d) Any fraction of the population

229. .Simple random samples can be drawn with of help of (a) Random numbers table (b) Chit Method (c)
Roulette wheel (d) All the above

230. .Sampling frame is a list of (a) A list of units of a population (b) A list of random numbers (c) A list of natural
numbers (d) None

231..The discrepancies between the estimate and the population parameter is known as (a) Sampling error (b)
Non-sampling error (c) Formula error (d) None

232.The error in a survey other than sampling error is known as (a) Sampling error (b) Non-sampling error (c)
Formula error (d) None

233..A function of sample observations is known as (a) Statistic (b) Estimator (c) Both (a)&(b) (d) None

234.If the sample sizes are large from the population, then which error will contribute more errors (a) Sampling
error (b) Non-sampling error (c) Both(a)&(b) (d) None

235.If the sample sizes are large from the population, then which error will contribute less errors (a) Sampling
error (b) Non-sampling error (c) Both (a)&(b) (d) None

236.Simple random sample can be drawn with the help of (a)random number tables(b)Chit method (c) roulette
wheel (d) all the above

237.If each and every unit of a population has an equal chance of being included in the sample, it is called(a)
restricted sampling (b) unrestricted sampling (c) purposive sampling (d) subjective sampling

238.Systematic sampling is used when (a) when data are on cards (b) when the items are in row (c) when the
items are given in a sequential order (d) all the above

239..If the population units N is multiple of n and k, then we use (a) linear systematic sampling (b) circular
systematic sampling (c) random systematic sampling (d) all the above
240. A local hotel chain intends to survey its visitors one day, so they randomly sent out questionnaires that day
and surveyed every visitor on the venue. What Type of Sampling Will Be Best?