E1444/E1444M − 21

5.4.3.4
5.4.3.4 Use caution when examining
examining parts with an electro- 6. Speci
Specific
fic Practice
Practice
plate
plated
d ninick
ckel
el co
coati
ating
ng as inindi
dicat
catio
ions
ns ma
mayy fo
form
rm frfrom
om ththee 6.1   Preparation of Parts for Testing:
resulting leakage fields within the nickel plating itself.
6.1.1   Pre-examination Demagnetization— The The part shall be
5.4.3.5
5.4.3.5 For in-service examination,
examination, plating or coatin
coatings
gs do demagnetized per 6.7.1
per  6.7.1 before
 before testing if prior operations have
nott re
no requ
quir
iree re
remo
mova
vall pr
prio
iorr to ex
exam
amin
inati
ation
on un
unles
lesss th
they
ey ar
aree produced a residual magnetic field that may interfere with the
damaged, or they interfere with the examination process. examination.
5.5   Materials: 6.1.2   Surface Cleanliness and Finish — The
Finish—  The surface of the
part to be examined shall be essentially smooth, clean, dry, and
5.5.1   Wet Particle Requirements— Wet
Wet particles shall meet
free of oil, scale, machining marks, or other contaminants or
the requirements of AMS 3044, 3045, or 3046, as applicable. conditi
cond ition
onss th
that
at mimigh
ghtt in
inter
terfe
fere
re wi
with
th ththee ef
efffic
icien
iency
cy of th thee
5.5.2   Suspension Vehicles— The The suspension vehicle for the examination.
wet method shall be a light petroleum distillate conforming to 6.1.3   Plugging
Plugging and MaskinMasking— g— Pluggi
Pluggingng and mas maskin
king
g are
AMS 2641 (Type I) or A-A-59230, or a suitably conditioned required when specified by the cognizant engineering organi-
water
wa ter th
that
at co
conf
nfor
orms
ms to ththee rerequ
quir
irem
emen
ents
ts of 
of    5.5.3.
5.5.3. WhWhen
en zation.
approved by the contracting agency, AMS 2641 (Type II) may
6.1.4 All areas on the part where electrical contact contact is made
be used. When specified, the oil suspension vehicle shall meet
shall be sufficiently clean to prevent electrical arcing.
the salient characteristics specified in A-A-59230.
6.1.5   Airc
Aircraft-Q
raft-Quality
uality Steel Cleanlin ess— The
Cleanliness—  The examin
examination
ation
5.5.3  Conditioned Water Vehicle— When W hen water is used as a of aircra
aircraft-qu
ft-quality
ality steel for cleanliness using magnet
magnetic ic partic
particle
le
suspen
sus pensio
sionn veh
vehicle
icle for mag
magnetnetic
ic par
particl
ticles,
es, the con condit
dition
ioning
ing testi
testing
ng shshall
all be as ap appr
prop
opri
riate
ate to th
thee ty
type
pe of ste steel
el be
bein
ingg
agents used shall comply with AS 4792. Proper wetting shall inspec
inspected
ted.. How
Howeverever,, tes
testing
ting of par
parts
ts fab
fabrica
ricated
ted fro
fromm this
be dedete
term
rminined
ed by a wawater
ter break
break testestt (s
(see
ee   7.2.2).
7.2.2). Smooth
Smoother er material shall be in accordance with the requirements of this
surfaces generally require a greater percent of wetting agent practice.
than rough surfaces. Foaming of the bath must be minimized to
thee po
th poin
intt th
that
at it do
does
es no
nott in
inter
terfe
fere
re wi
with
th th
thee ex exam
amininati
ation
on 6.2   Magnetization Methods:
6.2.1   Types of Magnetizing Current— The The types of currents
process. used
us ed foforr ma
magn
gnet
etic
ic pa
part
rtic
icle
le tes
testin
ting
g araree fu
full-
ll-wa
wave
ve re
recti
ctifie
fiedd
5.5.3.1   Water Vehicle Condi
Conditionin
tioning
g Agents
Agents— — Any
A ny age
agents
nts
current (1 or 3 phase), half-wave rectified current, and alter-
added to the water vehicle for any purpose shall conform to the
nating current. The equipment used shall fulfill the magnetiz-
requirements
requir ements of the particl
particlee manuf
manufacturer
acturer..
ing and demagn
demagnetizing
etizing requirements
requirements adequadequately
ately,, as outlin
outlined
ed
5.5.4   Particle Concen
Concentration — The
tration—  The con
concen
centra
tration
tion of par
par-- herein, without damage to the part under examination, and it
ticles in the suspension bath shall be as specified in the written shall include the necessary features required for safe operation.
procedure. Particle concentrations outside of the range of 0.1 to
- 6.2.2   Yokes— When
When using yokes (electromagnetic
(electromagnetic probes)
-

0.4 mL in a 100 mL bath sample for fluorescent particles shall

` 
  ,
  ,
  ,
`  for magnetic particle testing, they shall meet the requirements
` 

not be used. ` 
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
of  7.4.4.
  7.4.4.
` 
  ,
  ,
  ,
` 

5.6   Safety— The
The safe handling of magnetic particles and oil
` 
` 
` 
` 
6.2.3  Magnetizing Current Application— Alternating
Alternating current
  ,

is to be only used for the detection of discontinuities open to

` 

vehicles,
vehicle s, water baths, and water conditioner
-
` 
-
` 
` 
conditioner concentrates
concentrates is
  ,

gover
governe
nedd by ththee su
` 
` 
` 
  ,
  ,
supp
pplie
liers’
rs’ Mat
Materi
erial
al Sa
Safet
fety
y Dat
Dataa She
Sheets
ets the surface. Full-wave direct current has the deepest possible
  ,
` 

(MSDS). Material Safety Data Sheets, conforming to 29 CFR

-
-
- penetration and must be used for examination of sub-surface
1910.1200, or equivalent, must be provided by the supplier to discontinuities when using the wet magnetic particle method.
Half-wave direct current can also be used for examination of 
any
313.user and shall be prepared in accordance with FED-STD- sub-surface discontinuities, and due to the pulsating nature of 
5.6.1   Flammability— Flash
Flash point of oil vehicles shall be in thee wa
th wave
vefo
form
rm,, it ha
hass th
thee adadva
vant
ntag
agee of inincr
creas
eased
ed pa
parti
rticle
cle
accordance
accord ance with AMS 2641 2641,, Type I carrie
carriers.
rs. The suppl
suppliers’
iers’ mobility.
MSDS shall certify the flash point. 6.2.4   Magnetic Field Directions— Discontinuities
Discontinuities are diffi-
cult to detect by the magnetic particle method when they make
5.6.2   Personnel
Personnel Hazar ds— Precautions
Hazards—  Precautions agains
againstt inhala
inhalation,
tion,
an angle less than 45° to the direction of magnetization. To
skin contact, and eye exposure are detailed in the suppliers’
ensure the detection of discontinuities in any direction, each
MSDS. These precautions shall be observed.
part must be magnetized in a minimum of two directions at
5.6.3   Electrical Hazards— Magnetizing
Magnetizing equipment shall be
approximately right angles to each other. Depending on part
maintained properly to prevent personnel hazards from elec-
geometry, this may consist of circular magnetization in two or
trical short circuits. Care must be taken to reduce arcing and
more
mo re didire
rect
ctio
ions
ns,, mu
mult
ltip
iplele cicirc
rcul
ular
ar anand d lolong
ngit
itud
udin
inal
al
the possible ignition of oil baths.
magnetization, or of longitudinal magnetization in two or more
5.6.4   UV-A Lamps— Replace
Replace cracked or broken ultraviolet directions.
filters immediately. Broken filters can allow harmful ultraviolet
ener
en ergy
gy to be emi emitte
tted
d an
andd mu
must
st be rerepl
place
aced d imm
immed
edia
iatel
tely
y. NOTE  2—For further guidance, see Guide E709
Guide  E709..

Spectacles designed to absorb ultraviolet energy are suggested 6.2.5   Multidirectiona

Multidirectionall Magnet
Magnetization — Multidirectional
ization—  M ultidirectional
for close, high-intensity UV-A examination. LED UV-A lamps magneti
magn etizat
zatio
ion
n ma
mayy be usused
ed to fu
fulfi
lfill
ll th
thee re
requ
quir
irem
emen
entt fo
forr
used
us ed fo
forr ev
eval
alua
uatio
tion
n pu
purp
rpos
oses
es sh
shal
alll co
comp
mplyly wi
with
th Pr
Prac
actic
ticee magnetization in two or more directions if it is demonstrated
E3022.. See 7.3.2
E3022 See  7.3.2.. that it is effective in all areas, which require examination as

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