US007210627B2

(12) United States Patent (10) Patent N0.: US 7,210,627 B2

Morley, Jr. et al. (45) Date of Patent: May 1, 2007

(54) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR 4,489,318 A 12/1984 Goldman

AUTHENTICATING A MAGNETIC 4,546,352 A 10/19g5 Goldman
FINGERPRINT SIGNAL USING AN 4,568,936 A 21986 Goldman
ADAPTIVE ANALOG TO DIGITAL
CONVERTER 4,630,845 A 12/1986 Sanner
4,635,054 A 1/1987 Goldman
(76) Inventors: Robert E. Morley, Jr., 7281 GreenWay 4,650,978 A 3/1987 Hudson et a1~
Ave., St. Louis, MO (US) 63130; 4,689,477 A 8/1987 Goldman
Edward J. Richter, 7442 Hoover Ave., 4,748,679 A 5/1988 Gold er 31,
Richmond Heights, MO 05163117; 4,752,837 A 6/1988 DeLand, Jr.
Georg? L‘ Engel, 56 Annebnar’ 4,785,290 A 11/1988 Goldman
Maryvrlle, IL (US) 62062
(*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
patent is extended or adjusted under 35 (Continued)
U.S.C. 154(b) by 166 days.
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
(21) Appl. N0.: 11/014,931
Morley, Jr, Robert E., et al., US. Appl. No. 11/015,271, ?led Dec.
(22) Filed: Dec. 17, 2004 17, 2004, entitled Method and Apparatus for Authenicating a
Magnetic Fingerprint Signal Using Compressive Ampli?cation.
(65) Prior Publication Data
Us 2005/0167496 A1 Aug. 4, 2005 (Commued)
Primary ExamineriDaniel Stcyr
Related US‘ Application Data (74) Attorney, Agent, or FirmiChristie, Parker & Hale,
(63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 10/997,150, LLP
?led on Nov. 24, 2004, noW abandoned, Which is a
continuation of application No. 09/324,741, ?led on (57) ABSTRACT
Jun. 3, 1999, noW Pat. No. 6,899,269, Which is a
continuation-in-part of application No. 09/120,816,
?led on Jul, 22, 1998, now Pat, No, 6,098,881_ A system for verifying the authenticity of data contained in
a magnetic medium using the remanent noise characteristics
(51) Illt- Cl- of the magnetic medium. One embodiment of the invention
G06K 7/08 (2006-01) includes an over-sampled modulator and at least one channel
(52) US. Cl. .................................................... .. 235/449 in communication with an Output of the over-sampled modu
(58) Field of Classi?cation Search .............. .. 235/449, lator. The at least one channel is con?gured to ?lter the
235/380, 493, 454 output of the over-sampled modulator and the at least one
See application ?le for Complete Search 11151013’- channel is con?gured to vary the bandwidth of the ?lter
(56) References Cited applied to the output of the over-sampled modulator in
response to variations in the bandwidth of the signal gen
US. PATENT DOCUMENTS erated by the sensing unit.
4,423,415 A 12/1983 Goldman
4,476,468 A 10/1984 Goldman 13 Claims, 18 Drawing Sheets

Q00
Channel Sahel C
W select A

Bank

Sslsdahle Traniac?un
Unit
'- ADC 115
n
Mllvs m. "CIYNBQ
Signal 155 Aummlldly lasmner
com M Fvller ’
Amplf?er 1 10 m
Enwbmn
Unit 145

Aulhenl
ldemif
Sensing Uml Authentication Emc?m
105 Unit 135

Magnellc

‘155
Can:
150
 US 7,210,627 B2
Page 2

US. PATENT DOCUMENTS 5,739,517 A 4/1998 Hoshino et al.

5,740,244 A 4/1998 Indeck et al.
4,806,740 A 2/1989 Gold er 91- 5,767,495 A 6/1998 DeLand, Jr.
4,807,287 A 2/1989 Tucker er 91- 5,829,743 A 11/1998 DeLand, Jr. etal.
4,812,903 A 3/1989 Wagensonner et al. 358/521 5,838,270 A 11/199g Kiriaki
4,837,426 A 6/1989 Pease er a1~ 5,920,628 A 7/1999 Indeck et al.
4906988 A 3/1990 Cope/11a 5,988,500 A 11/1999 Litrnan
4,916,294 A 4/l990 Goldman 6,053,406 A 4/2000 Litman
4,985,614 A V1991 P9989 er 91- 6,098,881 A 8/2000 DeLand, Jr. etal.
5,023,923 A 6/1991 Sanner er 91- 6,400,302 B1 6/2002 AmaZeen et al.
5,177,344 A 1/1993 Pease 6,431,445 B1 8/2002 DeLand, Jr. et al.
5216229 A 6/1993 (3912911118t 91- 6,470,240 B1 10/2002 Haynes etal.
5,235,166 A 8/1993 Femadez 6,476,743 B1* 11/2002 Brown et al. ............. .. 341/123
5,254,843 A 10/1993 Hynes er 91- 6,535,561 B2 3/2003 Boesch etal.
5,365,586 A ll/l994 Indeck et al. 6,899,269 B1 5/2005 Deland
5,396,369 A 3/1995 Deland, Jr~eta1~ 7,064,538 B2* 6/2006 Kerrilief .............. .. 324/207.25
5,408,505 A 4/1995 Indeck et al.
5,428,683
5,430,279 A 6/1995
7/1995 Indeck
FernadeZ
6t ill.
5,434,917 A 7/1995 Naccache et al. Morley, Jr., Robert E., et al., US. Appl. No. ll/0l4,930, ?led Dec.
5,546,462 A 8/ 1996 Indeck et al. 17, 2004, entitled Method and Apparatus for Authenicating a
5,587,654 A 12/1996 Indeck et al. Magnetic Fingerprint Signal Using a Filter Capable of Isolating a
5,602,381 A 2/ 1997 Hoshino et al. Remanent Noise Related Signal Component.
5,612,528 A 3/ 1997 Green et 31~ International Search Reportfor Application No. PCT/US2005/
5,616,904 A 4/1997 FefnadeZ 046388 ?led Dec. 19, 2005, completed Aug. 14, 2006, mailed Oct.
5,625,689 A 4/1997 Indeck et al. 17, 2006, 3 pgs.
5,627,357 A 5/1997 Cheng et 41 Written Opinion for Application No. PCT?JS2005/046388 ?led
5,646,621 A 7/1997 Cable/r er 91 Dec. 19, 2005, completed Aug. 14, 2006, mailed Oct. 17, 2006, 3
5,647,003 A 7/1997 Pease pgs,
RE35,599 E 9/1997 Pease
5,729,230 A 3/ 1998 Jensen et al. * cited by examiner
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 2 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

0mm
NP

mmw
0 Um:
mm

ma
ww
K7 com N.05

mm

mow
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 3 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 4 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

404

200
400

405

402
401 403

FIG. 4
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 5 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

m "am-Imam

500 160
504 / l4

508

rlqtu
M (
. (‘,1 l ‘3 - -

l
I
a

FIG. 5

s|)2 L532 FIG. 6

U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 6 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

710
4‘- Output
Level
Gain 6;
(708)
Gain GI (706) /
/
/
/
/
/ /
-( / ’ IL > Input Level
/
Gain 62
(708)
/

y J\_ V A
Y / Y Y—~—’
Range 704 Range 700 Range 702
corresponds to corresponds to corresponds to
dala pulse remanenl data pulsq
porlzans 9f the noise portions portions of the
analog slgnal ol the analog analog signal
signal

PI G.7
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 7 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

hM
rK .

.2:15:0‘
-_ 810

*
Ti
a

2a:1w,3:.023:1“:,

l 5

FIG. 8
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 8 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

/~902
+
913 (R2)

(916)

923 (R2)

\- 912

FIG. 9
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 9 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

v‘“ (946) J
' §
.
V0“ (948)

950 (R1)

FIG. 10
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 10 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

65 0 602m

>.NaTu_ogI®wmD
2:omw3m:? Tcm\1.

E55:.“:Q3ucmI5m"6T2Fm3
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. 2mm:01“5w_HUR:T60mmcm.
Emin

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3E56ON:8E0:
Two?
E68:O9NE6m05:
95/
6>O vw.E mw 58:69 moans mo:
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 11 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

Delay Llno Delayed Bandwidth Output sampling Max Swipe

Samples (Corner rate (Ksarnpleslsec) Speed
(Length of Freq, Fc) (incheslsec)
Tapped Delay) (KHz)

0 0 15.6 250 1 1.3

1 231 19.6 313 14.25

2 568 31.25 500 22.7

3 683 39.2 627 28.5

4 852 62.5 1000 (=1 M) 45.4

5 887 71.4 1.143M 51.9

6 941 91 1.445M 66

FIG. 11B
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 12 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

o.t_m.I uLcEm om:

ow:
hwocmzt
m: O

53:28 ._Bomw EQ

om:
.SEQ
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 13 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

1200

FIG. 12
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 14 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

N3 59:0

now
P
89.
New? #08
2
2$29:m8 wuocmn 25w3m?6o0zw $68
B2E82805 Q.65

or?
/AEX
comp E@:$529306“8?»53 09
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 15 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

FIG. 14
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 16 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

j5 ‘19-1502
. . 1s12-\
1 '3 1504

502
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 17 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

gmé.¢ moEmw

3.UE
E:652w»e E5mcoua g?xm

o$E5mw 89

cm?
U.S. Patent May 1, 2007 Sheet 18 0f 18 US 7,210,627 B2

FIG. 17