Mathematics 8

Linear Inequalities in Two

Variables
QUARTER 2; WEEK 1

Junior High School Department

Name: Grade and Section:

Address:
Contact number:

E-mail address: LEARNING PACKAGE NUMBER 1:

Prepared by: Ms. Mary GailSJSFI

RosalieLearning
C. Ramos/Package
rosalie@sjsfi.ph.education
2022-2023 Academic Year: 2022-2023
 Linear Inequalities

Welcome JOSEPHEANS to this New Beginning of Learning

Episode!
In this chapter, students are given the opportunity to process their knowledge and skills
acquired, deepen and transfer their understanding of the different lessons. Students will identify a
linear inequality, differentiate inequalities to equalities. solve problems involving inequalities and
solve system of linear inequalities by using the steps.

In this week episode, this module helps you to understand the difference between a
linear equation and inequalities, to graph linear inequalities, solve problems involving
inequalities and solve system of linear inequalities.

ESSENTIAL QUESTION:

1. What are the linear inequalities?

2. Where to use linear inequalities in two variables?

LESSON COVERAGE:
Lesson 1 – Linear Inequalities in Two Variables

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 PRE-ASSESSMENT

Let's assess how much of the lessons you already know. Select the letter that, in your
opinion, best addresses the question. Please respond to each question. You will see
your score after completing this little test. As you go through this learning session,
make a note of the questions you were unable to correctly answer and search for it.

1. Which among the following ordered pairs satisfy the linear inequality 𝑥 + 2𝑦 > 4?
a. (3,2)
b. (1,1)
c. (-3,3)
d. (0,2)

2. Which of the following is not a symbol for an inequality?

a. ≥
b. ≤
c. ≠
d. =

3. What is the relation symbol to be used in the statement: “Zen wants to eat 2 types of
meal not greater than ₱150.”?
a. ≥
b. ≤
c. >
d. <

4. What is the relation symbol to be used in the statement: “Tomoyo wants to buy 2 types
of dress above ₱550.”?
a. ≥
b. ≤
c. >
d. <
5. What do you call the line that separates the solution set of a linear inequality from the
nonsolution part of the Cartesian plane?
a. Boundary Line
b. Boundary Curve
c. Boundary In Line
d. Boundary

6. Which of the following linear inequality that best describes the graph?

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 a. 𝑥+𝑦 >3
b. 𝑥+𝑦 <3
c. 𝑥+𝑦 ≥3
d. 𝑥+𝑦 ≤3

7. Which of the following is the graph for 2x+3y<6?

a.

b.

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 c.

d.

8. What is the boundary line you are supposed to use in graphing 3𝑥 − 𝑦 ≤ 15?
a. Dashed or dotted
b. Solid
c. Curved or wavy
d. Thick
𝑥 + 𝑦 > −1
9. Which of the following is not a solution to { ?
2𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ −3
a. (-5,5)
b. (-4,4)
c. (-3,2)
d. (-6,7)
10. Is the graph of the linear inequalities TRUE or FALSE?
a. True
b. False
c. Neither True or False
d. All of the above

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 Lesson 1: Linear Inequalities in Two Variables

In this lesson, you will illustrate linear inequalities in two variable and Graphs linear
inequalities in two variables, solve problems involving linear inequalities in two variables and
solve problems involving systems of linear inequalities in two variables The value of
EXCELLENCE will also be integrated in this lesson, as you will be Innovative in performing the
role of systematic planning in solving problems on linear inequalities in two variables.

I. LEARNING TARGETS:
At the end of this lesson, you can illustrate linear inequalities in two variable and Graphs
linear inequalities in two variables by:
1. Stating the differences between linear inequalities and linear equations of two
variables.
2. Describing how to graph linear inequalities in two variables.; and
3. Graphing the linear inequalities in a Cartesian plane.

At the end of this lesson, you can solve problems involving linear inequalities in two
variables by:
1. Identifying the graph of linear inequalities in two variables; and;
2. Performing the steps in solving linear inequalities in two variables.
At the end of this lesson, you can solve problems involving systems of linear
inequalities in two variables by:
1. Illustrating how to solve a system of linear equations by graphing.

II. LEARNING EXPERIENCES:

A. Focusing Activities
a. Priming Activity
Title of Activity: Happiest Day
Instructions:
1. Close your eyes
2. Spend one minute thinking about the happiest day of your life.
3. Try to remember as much about the day as you can.

b. Activation of Prior Knowledge

Title of Activity: My x- and y – intercepts!
Instructions: Using the steps in solving for x – and y - intercepts.
2x - 3y = 6

c. Guided Question/s:
Answer the questions below.
1. What is the form of the linear equation?
2. What is the value of the x – intercept and y – intercept?
3. How did you find the value of the x – intercept and y - intercept?

d. Linking Statement:
The value of the x – intercept is 3 and y – intercept is -2. The intercept method is one method
of linear equation used for graphing equations. There are other methods can be used like slope –
intercept method to graph linear equation also. Today, we are going to discuss the difference
between linear equation and linear inequalities and how to graph linear inequalities. You are going
to work with a pair solve and graph linear inequalities.

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 III. GUIDED INSTRUCTION

A. Concept Notes

Linear Inequalities
Equations and Inequalities are two important tools in mathematics. The former express’s
identity or exactness of quantities, while the latter implies differences in quantities.

What differences can we see between the two? What makes them difference from each
other?
Linear Inequalities
Linear inequalities in two variables represent the inequalities between two algebraic
expressions where two distinct variables are included. Basically, in linear inequalities,
we use greater than (>), less than (<), greater than or equal (≥) and less than or equal (≤)
symbols, instead of using equal to a symbol (=).

There are relatively more inequalities in life than equalities. This is evident in the different
real – life situations shown below.

1. The value of one Philippine peso is less than one US dollar.

1 < 1

2. According to the Philippines Statistics Authority (PSA), there are more female Filipinos
(F) than male Filipinos (M).

F>M

*For more examples, refer to your book (pp. 127 - 136)

Graphing linear Inequalities

Graph of a Linear Inequality in Two Variables Consists of all points on the Cartesian plane that
satisfy the linear inequality and a boundary line that separates the solution points from non-
solution points.

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The graph of the resulting inequality is the boundary line. Graph using dashed or dotted lines if
the given inequality is > or <. However, if the inequality is ≤ 𝑜𝑟 ≥, then the graph a solid
boundary line. The latter form of inequality means that the points on the line are included in
the solution set.
Test Point
Any point (x, y) on the Cartesian plane for which we test if a given
inequality holds TRUE

Steps in Graphing Linear Inequality

1. Determine the corresponding linear equation of the inequality.
2. Graph the line. Use the x – and y - intercepts to graph the line.
3. Determine what kind of line (dashed or solid) should be use.
4. Choose a test point to determine the shade of the graph.
5. Complete the graph by shading the solution points.

Example 1: Graph the linear inequality 2x - 5y > 10.

Solve for x- intercept and y – intercept
Find x – intercept, make or let y be zero (y = 0).
2x - 5y > 10
2x - 5(0) > 10
2x - 0 > 10
2x > 10
2𝑥 10
>
2 2
𝑥 >5
Find y – intercept, make or let x be zero (x = 0).
2x - 5y > 10
2(0) - 5y > 10
0 - 5y > 10

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 -5y > 10
−5𝑦 10
>
−5 −5
𝑦 < −2
Note: The symbol will be reversed if we will divide the term with negative number.

We will use a dashed line since the inequalities has a > and < signs. Try one of x -axis coordinate
or y – axis coordinate in determining the shaded part if the inequality will be true.

2x - 5x > 10 2x – 5y > 10
2(6) -5(0) > 10 2 (0) – 5 (-3) > 10
12 – 0 > 10 0 + 15 > 10
12 > 10 True 15 > 10 True

Example 2: Graph the linear inequality - 2x + 4y ≤ -12.

Solve for x- intercept and y – intercept
Find x – intercept, make or let y be zero (y = 0).
-2x + 4y ≤ -12
-2x + 5(0) ≤ -12
- 2x + 0 ≤ -12
-2x ≤ -12
−2𝑥 −12
≤
−2 −2
𝑥≥ 6

Find y – intercept, make or let x be zero (x = 0).

- 2x + 4y ≤ -12
-2(0) + 4y ≤ -12
0 + 4y ≤ -12
4y ≤ -12
4𝑦 −12
≤
4 4
𝑦 ≤ −3
Note: The symbol will not be reversed since we did not divide the term with negative number.

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We will use a solid line since the inequalities has a ≤ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ≥ signs.
-2x + 4y ≤ -12 -2x + 4y ≤ -12
-2(0) + 4(-4) ≤ -12 -2(6) + 4(0) ≤ -12
0 – 16 ≤ -12 -12 + 0 ≤ -12
– 16 ≤ -12 TRUE -12 ≤ -12 TRUE

For more information and explanation: Watch this you tube video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dxFBthb03JI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_-c9D6mjGA

Solving problems involving linear

Inequalities
Remember, the solution of a linear inequality in two variables Ax + By > C is an ordered – pair
(x, y), which makes the inequality true and satisfy its inequalities.

The graph of an inequality in two variables is the set of points that represents all solutions to
the inequality. Dashed line is used if the inequality uses the less than (<) or greater than (>)
signs only while solid line is used if the inequality uses less than or equal to ( ≤ ) or greater
than or equal to (≥ ) signs.

The method of determining the x – and y – intercept is used to solve problems involving linear
inequalities.

Example 1: A number is twice the other number numebr whose sum is less than 12.

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Let x = be the first number
y = be the second number.
A number is twice the other number whose sum is less than12 means 𝑥 + 2𝑦 < 10
Solution: Use the linear inequality form to solve using intercept form.
𝑥 + 2𝑦 < 10.
Finding x – intercept Finding y - intercept
Let y = 0 in the inequality. Let x = 0 in the inequality
𝑥 + 2𝑦 < 10 𝑥 + 2𝑦 < 10
𝑥 + 2(0) < 10 0 + 2𝑦 < 10
𝑥 < 10 2𝑦 < 10
2 10
𝑦 <
2 2
𝑦 < 5
x – intercept = (10, 0) y – intercept = (0, 5)

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The other three points (0 ,2), (3, 1) and (8, 0) are some of the many solutions of the inequality
2x + 5y < 10 that will make the inequality true and satisfy it.

Example 2: James spend at most 80 pesos for a snack. It cost him 10 pesos for the hotcake and
8 pesos for the drink. How many possible combinations of hotcake and drink can be bought?
Solution: let x be the number of hotcakes bought.
y be the number of drinks bought.
10 (number of hotcakes) and 8 (number of drinks) at most 80 pesos.
10x + 8y ≤ 80
By intercept method:
10x + 8y ≤ 80

Find x - intercept, let y = 0. Find y – intercept, let x = 0.

10x + 8y ≤ 80 10x + 8y ≤ 80
10x + 8(0) ≤ 80 10(0) + 8y ≤ 80
10x + 0 ≤ 80 0 + 8y ≤ 80
10x ≤ 80 8y ≤ 80
x ≤ 8 y ≤ 10

All points in the shaded part including the x – intercept and y – intercept are the solution of the
linear Inequality.

Solve System of Linear Inequalities

System of linear Inequalities in two variables
➢ Refers to two or more linear inequalities involving two unknowns, for which, values
are sought that are common solutions of the equations involved.

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 ➢ Different Systems of Linear Equation, a solution of a system of linear equation may
be a graph of a point, a line, or none at all.
➢ Graphically, solutions to a system of linear inequalities are the points in the
intersection of the places which the graph of the inequalities involved in the system.

The points in this Shaded part

are the common solutions
that will make both
inequalities true.

Solving Systems of Linear inequalities in Two Variables by Graphing.

3𝑥 + 4𝑦 < 12
1. {
−2𝑥 + 3𝑦 > 6

Solution:
Inequality 1: 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 < 𝟏𝟐
Find x - intercept, let y = 0. Find y – intercept, let x = 0.
3𝑥 + 4𝑦 < 12 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 < 12
3𝑥 + 4(0) < 12 3(0) + 4𝑦 < 12
3𝑥 + 0 < 12 0 + 4𝑦 < 12
3𝑥 < 12 4y < 12
x < 4 y <3

x - intercept = (4, 0) y – intercept = (0 ,3)

Inequality 2: −𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 > 𝟔

Find x - intercept, let y = 0. Find y – intercept, let x = 0.
−2𝑥 + 3𝑦 > 6 −2𝑥 + 3𝑦 > 6
−2𝑥 + 3(0) > 6 −2(0) + 3𝑦 > 6
−2𝑥 + 0 > 6 0 + 3𝑦 > 6
−2𝑥 > 6 3𝑦 > 6
𝑥 < −3 𝑦> 2

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 x - intercept = (- 3, 0) y – intercept = (0 , 2)

SOLUTIONS

B. Checking for Understanding

Title of Activity: Supply the answer
Instructions:
Identify if the following is a linear equation and linear inequality.
_______________ 1. 4𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 8
_______________2. 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 > 12
________________3. 𝑦 ≤ 6𝑥 − 5
________________4. 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 8
________________5. 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 8 ≥ 0

Using the x - and y – intercept method. Graph the following linear inequalities. Use graphing
paper in sketching the graph and attach it with the worksheet.

1. 6x – 8y < 48
2. −3𝑥 + 4𝑦 ≥ −24

Guide Question/s:
1. How can you distinguish an equation from an inequality?

2. Can you write inequality same equation in standard form and slope intercept form?

3. What are the differences in the graph linear equation and linear inequalities?

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 IV. GUIDED PRACTICE
A. Productive Collaboration
Title of Activity: Think-Pair-Share
Instructions:
1. You need to think about the knowledge and skills needed for understanding and include
that information in your teaching (with your partner).
2. Be with your assigned partner and “teach” each other about the problems in inequality.
Graph each given. Use graphing paper in sketching the graph and attach it with the
worksheet.
3. Solve for the solution of the given problem.

−𝑥 + 3𝑦 < 2
a. {
3𝑥 + 5𝑦 < 15

−2𝑥 − 4𝑦 > −4
b. {
3𝑥 + 4𝑦 ≤ 24

B. Processing Question/s
Content Analysis:
1. What did you do first?
2. How did you solve them?
3. How can you compare the graph of linear equation to the graph of linear inequalities?

Experiential Analysis:
1. What’s the most amazing part that you want from the activity?

Reflection
We have discussed about solving problem involving linear inequalities, how important is it to the
differences we have form other people and knowing the other possibilities in a problem?

IV. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE

Activity Title: Problem Solving
Instructions: Graph the given system and find its solution. (5 points – graph and 5 points –
solution) Use graphing paper in sketching the graph and attach it with the worksheet.

𝑦 ≥ 3𝑥 − 5
1. {
𝑦 ≤ −2𝑥 + 5
2𝑥 + 𝑦 < 7
2. {
7𝑥 − 2𝑦 > 4

Job Well. Congratulations for accomplishing today’s activity.

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