A Detailed Lesson Plan in
Science
Grade 10
Prepared by: Checked by:
JOY E. MONTERO Mrs. Victoria Iringan
Student Teacher Cooperating Teacher
I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to;
a. describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating process in the female
reproductive system;
b. explain the process of positive and negative feedback mechanisms in menstrual
cycle;
c. give an example of positive and negative feedback mechanism in daily life; and
d. cite the importance of knowing menstrual cycle in the reproduction in human.
II. Subject Matter
Topic: Feedback Mechanisms in Menstrual Cycle
Materials: Powerpoint Presentation, pictures, Visual aids, Activity sheet.
References: Discover Science pp, 175-176, Science Learning Activity Sheet
Values Integration: Understand and appreciate the process of feedback mechanism in
hormone regulations for reproduction.
III. Procedure
“Teacher’s Activity” “Student’s Activity”
A. Daily Routine
1. Greetings
2. Prayer
3. Classroom Management
4. Checking of Attendance
5. Recalling
What was our topic last meeting?
About menstrual cycle ma’am
That’s right.
Who can recall the 4 stages of menstrual
cycle? Menstrual phase, Follicular phase, Ovulation
phase and Luteal phase
Very Good
How long is a typical or normal menstrual
cycle?
28 days
What is the average duration of menses?
3-6
Now, who can explain the process of The first stage of menstrual cycle is menstrual
menstrual cycle briefly? phase, the breakdown of the uterus
endometrial lining and blood vessels,
resulting in a liquid that is expelled through
the vaginal canal. It lasts for 3-5 days. After 5
days menstrual stops and the endometrium
begins to thicken and the egg cells in the
ovaries will grow and matured, after that, the
ovary will release the matured egg cells and if
the egg get fertilized by a sperm pregnancy
occurs, but if the eggs is not fertilized the next
menstruation starts and the cycle continues.
Very Good
B. Motivation
Now before we start our discussion, let’s have
a game first. This game is called “Adam and
Eve” In this game there will be a pair of
players: one from boy. One from girls. Each
pair will be given a list of words about the
male and female reproductive hormones.
The words are: pituitary, testes, uterus, egg
cell, ovary, testosterone, estrogen,
progesterone, sperm cells, LH and FSH.
Each pair must select appropriate words from
the list that a man or a woman need in order
for your reproductive system to function well
So any representative from the class? 1 boy
Expected answer from girls
and 1 girl
Uterus, egg cell, ovary, estrogen,
progesterone, pituitary, LH and FSH.
Expected answer from boys
Pituitary, testes, testosterone, sperm cells, LH
and FSH
C. Presentation
Our topic today is about feedback
mechanisms in menstrual cycle.
So, these hormones are essential for our
reproductive system to function well. As I
have discussed to you last meeting hormones
control many changes in our reproductive
system.
Feedback mechanisms, specifically negative
So how are these hormones regulated?
mechanism
D. Lesson Proper
Now, What do you call to the monthly
changes occur within the female reproductive Menstruation ma’am
system?
That’s right
Again, why do women experience menstrual To make pregnancy possible.
cycle?
Very Good
There are two key groups of hormones which
control and coordinate the menstrual cycle.
Pituitary and Ovary
What are the organs that are responsible for
the production of these hormones?
Exactly
FSH and LH
What are the hormones released in pituitary
gland?
Very Good. Pituitary hormones (FSH and
LH) are released from the anterior pituitary
gland and act on the anterior pituitary to
develop follicles. Estrogen and progesterone
Now, what are these ovarian hormones?
That’s right. Ovarian hormones (estrogen and
progesterone) are released from the ovaries
and act on the uterus to prepare for pregnancy
These are the functions of menstrual
hormones
Feedback mechanism
Feedback mechanism is the process through
Again, what is the process that regulated the
which the level of one substance influences
levels of these hormones?
the level of another substance
What is Feedback mechanism?
That’s right
So feedback mechanism balance the
hormones in our blood or body.
Positive and negative feedback
There are two types of feedback mechanism.
Positive feedback mechanism produces a
What are the two types of feedback response that continues to increase in order to
mechanism? produce the desired effect.
What is positive mechanism?
Negative feedback stops and slow down the
Very Good. So, in this mechanism, the production of hormones
activity of a hormone signals the system to
produce and release more of the hormone.
How about negative feedback mechanism?
That’s right. In this mechanism high levels of
one hormone may inhibit the production of
another hormone.
Now, please analyze the picture
During days 12-14, estrogen provides positive
feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary
gland. This causes a rapid rise in the
`production of estrogen by the ovaries and
leads to ovulation.
Who can explain the process of positive
feedback in this flowchart?
Ovulation is the process in which a mature
egg is released from the ovary. After it’s
released, the egg moves down the fallopian
tube and stays there for 12 to 24 hours, where
it can be fertilized.
Again what is ovulation?
During most of the menstrual cycle, estrogen
and progesterone provide negative feedback
to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. This
keeps their levels more or less constant.
Very Good. What about negative feedback,
who can explain the process of negative
feedback shows in this flowchart? None ma’am
The feedback mechanism is important
because it helps to keep the levels of
E. Generalization hormones constant
Do you have any question?
So, how important is feedback mechanism in
female reproductive system?
That’s right.
F. Application
Let’s have an activity. I’ll group you into 4
groups. What you will do is you cite real life
examples of positive and negative feedback
mechanism. Give at least 2 examples each.
Example
Positive feedback: a rise in demand for a
particular company’s share causes that
company’s share price to rise.
Negative Feedback: If the temperature drops
the body shivers to bring up the temperature
and if it is too warm, the body will sweat to
cool down.
V. Assignment
1. What is the Nervous System?
2. Give the parts and functions of Nervous System
References: Science Learner’s Material pp, 228-229, Any Science book that contains the topic
Direction: Read and analyze the given diagram below. The arrows in the diagram show the
interrelationships between the hormones and the structures involved in the menstrual cycle.
1. State the name of the hormone indicated by each number.
1)____________________________ 3)_____________________________
2)____________________________ 4)_____________________________
2. Which hormone most directly promotes the maturation of the egg?
3. Which hormone maintain the uterine lining after ovulation
4. Which hormone most directly influences the luteal stage?
5. which hormone signals the uterine lining to thicken before ovulation?
