UNIT 6: STATISTICS

16 Data Handling
Section-A
DATA

Data ?
What is board when a cricket match was played in your school ? Two seore

a cricket score
Did vou ever see
below:
boards are shown
Wickets taken
Bowler Over Maiden over Runs given
Name of
46 0
10 3
Viraat
60 3
10 1
Rakesh
50 2
10 2
Pradeep
70 3
10 2
Yogendra 3
1 70
Chawla 10

Runs Balls Time (in min.)

Nameof Batsman 60
30 70
Mohit
20 25
DK 50
20 35
Monu 10
120 90
Dhansingh 90
70
Hitesh 99 105
Aman 85 90
101
Saransh 26 60
15
Rajesh 70 100 78
Brijesh 80 115 90
Ajendra 60 76 70
scored, you may
e manys knowing
more how many wickets have been taken or how many have been
runs sCored,

1aken in scoring
in useful such as the most wickets taken, highest
or the
lowest
r
ng runs, the
g the runs, the average, etc.
y nfe, you may tabies.
come across several kinds of such
267
 268
Composite Mathematicss-V
Ifvou are collecting information about favourite games, onc way could record it is
you to wr
name of the pupil and then his lavourite game against his name, e the

Ravi - Football
Kiran Badminton Abdul-Football
Manish - Cricket
Alok-Cricket Bhawna Badminton
Krishna Badminton Rajeev- Cricket Umesh Cricket
Naresh Football Aslam- Football
Rishi Badminton
Hema- Badminton Janet Cricket Dhruv- Cricket
Nalini- Badminton Ajit- Football Ajay Cricket
Vivek - Cricket Mohan Cricket Lata Badminton
Divya Badminton Usha Badminton Raghava- Football
In the above way of recording the data, you have to write the name of the
game again and again
and also write the names of all the pupils. Suppose
you have collected information about 200 pupils
then it would be very very cumbersome to write names of all the
pupils and write the name of the
game again and again. Surely, you are not interested in the names of the pupils. What you are interested
in is the number of pupils, who are interested in a particular game.
A better and convenient way would be to write the name of the game, put tick mark or a I mark
against it and thenadd to getthe total number of pupils who like that game.

Name Total
Football 6
Cricket 9
Badminton 9
Lab Activity: Collect the information about favorite games for sections 6 A and6 B and record
the information as done above.

Organisation of Data
Each mark indicates one pupil. If you have to collect information about a much
larger group, say all pupils of your school, then the above way of recording it would
need a lot of space and time.
What does a village woman do when she has to carry logs of wood. Does she tie
them into a bundle and carry it on her head ?
You may apply the same method.
Suppose 23 pupils like football. You may record as under:
Football
or
The method of making groups of
5+5+ 5+5+3 five is more convenient and followed
making groups of five by all people. Thus, you could record
Or the information about the favourite
HHHHHTT HHHHHT
10 + 10+3 games, which you had collected as
making groups of tens under
 Dala

Number
Favaur fe (iame

of Pupis Ttal he

F w t b a l l
111 (weparingtsle
lnre are
drawn
winy sut
111 and evaved hy
dting
C r h k e r

Nadninto
111

Section B
PICTOORAPHS
I n t r o d u c t i o n

may be worthwhile to geta pictograph from a newG

he teacher t ag
fo ftiends made a table and a drawing to whow how manyCo. of them owed

is called a picturo graph :

The drawing
D.'s owned
Priya
25
Priya Mary
20 Rekha
Mary
Rekha 40 Sunita CO00
Sunita lFach stands for 10CD
show d a
uses pictures or symbols to
A picture graph or pictograph

Aer the follow ing questions:

How many CD's docs Rekha own
? Ans:40:4 CD ymho
How is this shown on the pictograph ?
Ans
stand for?
How many records does cach
you tell
this on the
p a
Who
OwWs the greatest number of C.D. 's ? How can
gels
after her name than after any ofthe other
are
,
More C.D. symbols 10cD
nstcadof
How would the
graph change if each stoodfor 5 CDS Sunle:8C0 ubis

: 5 C D . symbols, Mary: 4 C.D. symbols, Rekha 8 C.D synbaa

theg*
is usually above the graph t should ellbeetly what e
av
KTaph ibrary d s
The librarian
of a prepared a record of
school
how many

e Then she to show this mfomath

he made the pictograph below
 269
Data Handling

Favourite Game
umber Total The mark is called a tally mark. While
of Pupils preparing a table using tally marks, four vertical
lines are drawn and crossed by a slanting line
This makes a group of five
Football
9
Cricket
Badminton
Section-BB

PICTOGRAPHS

he
Introduction from a newspaper or a magazine and explain it to

be worthwhile to get a pictograph

teacher: It may
Note for the

class C.D. 's each of them owned.

drawing to show how many
made a table and a
Four friends
called a picture graph:
The drawing is
C.D.'s owned
Priya
25
Priya Mary
20
Mary Rekha
Rekha 40
Sunita
10 C.D.'s
Sunita 55 Each stands for

to show data
uses pictures o r symbols
A picture graph o r pictograph

Answer the following questions:

.How many C.D.'s does Rekha own?
C.D. symbols.
How is this shown on the pictograph ? Ans:40; 4
2. How many records does eachstand for? Ans: 5

3 who owns the greatest number ofC.D.'s ? How can you tell this on the pictograph
a Sunita, More C.D. symbols are after her name than after any of the other giris nan

WOuld the graph change if eachstood for 5 C.D.'s instead of 10 C.D.s

Sunita: 11 CD. symbots.

symbols, Mary: 4 C.D. symbols, Rekha : 8 C.D. symbols,
he O the graph is usually above the graph. It should tell briefly what the graph is abou

The li or a
record of how many library books are used each day
week. Then Oa school prepared a
he made the
pictograph below to show this information.
 270
Composite Mathematice-
V
amber of ibrary books used

Monday
Tucsday
Wednesday Bach slands for 25 books

Thursday
Friday
. On which day were the least number of books used? Ans Wed.
2. How many books were used that day ? Ans: 100
You can use any symbol you want when making a pictograph. You can let cach symbol stand for
any convenient number of things.

is a useful symbol for this graph ? Ans: Because books areinvolved

3. Why
The pictographs below show the same information as the graph above.

Why do they look different than the graph above?

used
As:Because the book symbol in each graph stands for a different number of books

Number of library books used Monday

Monday IIE Tuesday
Tuesday E Wednesday
Wednesday Thursday U
Thursday E I T Friday
Friday Each stands for 100 books.

Each stands for 50 books

Making a Pictograph
In theirannual fete, four students sold cold drinks as under
Ravi 20 crates Rahul 45 crates
Sachin 30 crates Ajay 25 crates
o make a picture graph of this information, you can use the following steps.
Docs
with bottles.
(Choose a symbol that is easy to draw. Two suggestions might crale
be a
bottles

Cgiven information tell you about the sale of crates or single bottles? Ans Crates o
ven

Why might be a better symbol ? Ans: because number of crates of bottles sold is give