Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR BRANCHES AND SATELLITE
CAMPUSES
SANTA ROSA CAMPUS
Name: Jenny Rose A. Homo
Course: BSMA 1-1
Subject: STS
Professor: Anne Manriquez
Topic: Intellectual Revolutions that
Define Society
Date of Submission: November 20, 2022
Questions :
1. What is the contribution of Copernicus in the philosophy of science?
Copernicus resembled the Greek ancient philosophers or thinkers he did not do
anything extensive such as observing heavenly bodies or inviting people to test his ideas.
His ideas were example of what is presently called as a thought experiment. Copernicus
is best known for his study and theories in the field of astronomy.Even though others
has postulated the notion that the sun was the center of the solar system he still
published his theory categorically that state earth was not the center of the universe. He
wanted a model of the universe in which everything moved around a single center at
unvarying rates. Copernicus placed the Sun to be centerpiece of the universe. He also
contributed in dominance of ancient languages. Copernicus' acquisition of a good
reading level was critical for his studies in astronomy, since most of the works of Greek
astronomers, including Ptolemy, had not yet been translated into Latin, the Which were
written. Nicholas Copernicus also provided fundamental knowledge about the
relationship between mathematics and the natural world.Some historians of science
seem to ignore the fundamental role of mathematics, and it is often said that the
philosophical and scientific thought of the sixteenth century is based on heliocentrism as
if it were not a natural consequence.Copernicus’ work was ultimately most significant
because it changed the way people used physics and astronomy to understand the
universe.And the most recognized and revolutionary contribution of Nicholas
Copernicus is undoubtedly the theory of heliocentrism.
2. What is Darwin’s contribution to modern science?
Darwin was a naturalist who observed how species change over time. Evolution is a
natural phenomenon that nature has been using for nearly a billion years to promulgate
life across the earth. Evolution is simply a part of life according to Darwin. And it is the
natural cycle of life, competition, adaptation, survival. As a naturalist, he simply
obeserved how this happened over time. He was lucky enough to see the results of this
natural selection by examining species in isolated environments and note the continual
adaptation of species in ecosystems. His observations and conclusions explained so
much especially the growing abundance of fossil evidence that demonstrated that life on
earth has changed a great deal over time. The theory became the basis of all modern life
science. It has been augmented and updated by modern generic science.
3. How can you describe Freudian ideas as a scientist?
Freud as a scientist is a prolific writer and speaker and before long his ideas spread
among colleagues especially in Europe. Others developed theories that reflected their
own spin on psychoanalysis but Freud’s theory of unconcious dynamics was widely
accepted. Today, a concept of the unconcious is embedded in almost every profession
from psychiatry to marketing, from coaching to teaching. It’s a brilliant and universal
concept that describes a fundamenta process about the human psyche. Though his ideas
were controversial, Sigmund Freud was one of the most influential scientists in the field
of psychology and psychiatry. It has been over 100 years since Freud published his
theories, yet he still influences what we think about personality and the mind.
4. Do you think Church should intervene in scientific activities?
I think Church should not intervene those scientific activities. The purpose of church is to
spread the words of God and not to disrespect the belief of others. Church and science
have different perspective and they are totally different when it comes to its purpose.
Church should understand that science studies is about observation, researchz
hypothesis, experiment and theoretical explanation of something. Honestly, I am a
Christian and we don’t invalidate those belief especially those scientist who’s only do
their job. Church only teach what is in the bible. And lastly, were not into scientific belief
but we do respect what others stand for.
5. How did society shape science and how did science shape society in terms of the
early civilizations?
Science is knowledge that advances society by making daily living better for people. As
society has developed , science has emerged as a distinct field of study based on
observable and quantifiable physical evidences. The knowledge that has been filtered
out and is least likely to be inaccurate is this. Science influences society through
increasing our understanding of the cosmos and by facilitating a healthier, more
productive, and quicker way of living. Society helps determine how its resources are
deployed to fund scientific work, encouraging some sorts of research and discouraging
others. Similarly, scientists are directly influenced by the interests and needs of society
and often direct their research toward topics that will serve society. And at the most
basic level, society shapes scientist’s expectations, values, beliefs and goals, all of which
factor into the questions they choose to pursue and how they investigate those
questions.
