See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/350957705

Crumb Rubber Tire and Lahar Sand as Fine Aggregates in Asphalt

Conference Paper · September 2018

CITATIONS READS

0 158

2 authors, including:

Manuel Muhi
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
4 PUBLICATIONS   20 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE

Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:

Sensitivity level in implementing quality services among SME-based construction firms in the Philippines View project

All content following this page was uploaded by Ching Dela Cruz on 18 April 2021.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

Publisher: IIRAJ

2018, ICIRSTM - International Conference, Singapore

No part of this book can be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior written
permission of the publisher.

ISBN- 978-81-934246-4-3

Type set & printed by:

IIRAJ Publication House

Bhubaneswar, India
 Conference Committee

Guest of Honor:

Loganathan Ravisanker
Technology Director, The Dow Chemical Company, Singapore

Program Chair:

Prof. Lerwen LIU

Adjunct Associate Professor, National University of Singapore
Managing Director, NanoGlobe Pte Ltd
Senior Advisor, King Mongut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thailand

Jani Kotakoski
Associate Professor
University of Vienna, Austria

Dr LU Li
Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering,
National University of Singapore

Prof. (Dr.) H.M Duong

Associate Professor
National University of Singapore

Prof. Yutaka Ohno

Professor and Vice-Director
Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability,
Nagoya University, Japan

William B. Haskell
Assistant Professor
Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management,
National University of Singapore

Dr. Teena Bagga

Professor
Amity University, Noida, India

Dr. Jagdish Chand Bansal

Assistant Professor, South Asian University, India

Convener: Dr. Teena Bagga

Publication and Distribution Head:

Sujit Kumar Jena

Suchismita Pattnaik
 INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY MEMBERS

Prof. Hai Minh Duong

Mechanical Engineering, Prof. Lim Chin Seong
NUS, Singapore Mechanical,Materials and Manufacturing,
University of Nottingham, Malaysia
Prof. (Dr.) Christian
Berlin, Germany Dr. Eriki Ananda Kumar
Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
Prof. (Dr.) Aibing Yu Caledonian College of Engineering, Oman
Australia
Prof. Madhav Mishra
Perlman Radia Principal (Retired), Barbil College, India
Professor, Department of Information Engineering ,
Chinese University, Hongkong Dr. Arttatrana Pal
Assistant Professor, Patna University, India
Dr. Funso Falade,
Civil and Environmental Engineering. Prof. G K Roy
University of Lagos, Nigeria Chemical Engineering, NIT, Rourkela

Dr. Hamid Krim Dr. Basavaraja Kodagunti,

Faculty,Electrical & Computer Engineering, Assistant Professor
NC State University, USA Central University of Karnataka, India

Dr.T.Nandha Kumar, Prof. P. K. Nanda

Professor,Engineering, Dean (Research) S'O'A University, India
University of Nottingham, Malaysia
Prof. K Mahallick
Dr. Mazen Eldeeb NIT, India
Mechanical Engineering,
Cairo University, Egypt Dr. Bharat Chandra Routray
Assistant Professor
Anil Antony Sequeira KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
Dept. of Engineering, UAE
Prof. Prakash Pandey
Prof Abdelkader A. Ibrahim OSD, Hon'ble Minister, Technical Education
Shobra Faculty of Engineering,
Cairo, Egypt Dr. Teena Bagga,
Assistant Professor,
Mohammad Hossein Khozaei Amity University, Noida, India
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Tehran, Iran Dr. J P Patra
SSIPMT, Raipur
Dr. Chai Ai Bao
Professor,Mechanical and Material Engineering, Prof. Tapas Dora
University of Nottingham, Malaysia Dept. of Chemical Engineering, India

Dr. Ing Kong Prof. C.K. Dwivedi

Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing, Dept. of Electronics & Communication, Allahabad
The University of Nottingham, Malaysia
Dr. Manoj Sharma
Prof. Sulaiman Al-Zuhair SSIPMT, Raipur
Chemical Engineering,
UAE University Prof. Nabnit Panigrahi
Mechanical Engineering, GIFT, India
Prof. Sivakumar Manickam
Director of Research, Chemical and Environmental Engineering,
University of Nottingham, Malaysia
 Loganathan Ravisanker
Technology Director, The Dow Chemical Company, Singapore

GUEST OF HONOR
Logan Ravisanker is the R&D Director for the Dow Chemical Company in South East Asia region
and he is responsible for managing strategy development and implementation for R&D for the South
East Asia region with emphasis on driving collaborative innovation with customers by leveraging
technology capabilities within global Dow. Logan has been in this role since Sept. 2016 and he is
currently based in Singapore.

Earlier, Logan Ravisanker was the R&D leader for the Construction Chemicals business in Asia
Pacific region and he was based in Shanghai, P.R. China. In this role, Logan was supporting business
growth in the geography through innovation, application development and customer engagement. He
led the regional technology group in establishing a new flooring and sports technology platform under
the brand name ECOGROUNDTM that won the 2017 RND 100 award for Green Technologies.

Logan Ravisanker started his career in GE Consumer & Industrial – Tech Mahindra joint Technology
Center as a product development engineer and played various other roles between 1997 and 2008
including his 5 years tenure in GE’s Appliance Park in Louisville, Kentucky where he worked with
research team and launched various refrigeration sub-systems and components for new models to
meet the 2001 Energy Efficiency Mandate in North America. Logan then moved to China in 2003 to
establish a new technology organization to support regional growth. Log earned a degree in Science
from Madras University in 1993 and a degree in engineering from Anna University in 1997.

Keynote Talk on - Sustainable chemistries for modern consumers: from labs to commercialization
 Lerwen LIU
Adjunct Associate Professor, National University of Singapore
Senior Advisor to President of King Mongut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thailand

Keynote Talk on - STEAM – Platform of Transformation, Dynamically & Globally

EvolvingYouth Leadership, Innovation & Entrepreneurship Towards Sustainability

With Industry 4.0 advancing its impact in various aspect of our society from production (agriculture
and industry) to consumption through convergence of robotics, ITC, design, monitoring, data
analytics and visualization. The economy is also evolving from Linear to Circular where energy and
materials are produced and consumed more sustainably and waste is being re-used and recycled. The
convergence of all knowledge in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM)
has become increasingly critical in developing holistic innovation for us the research Circular
Economy (CE) and developing Industry 4.0 (I4.0).

King Mongut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) recently piloted a STEAM Platform of
Transformation which provides experiential training for youth researchers, design and humanity
students to co-create presentation materials on R&D capabilities and Innovations in the areas of
Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy which are the key focus of KMUTT. We are currently establishing
partnership with the United Nations and Asia Development Bank in supporting capability building for
the ASEAN region towards Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy and developing solutions towards the
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We shall focus in building and growing ASEAN Youth
Leaders and workforce equipped with STEAM knowledge and entrepreneurship skills in
driving the region towards the sustainable future with I4.0 and CE.

Our STEAM platform transforms the mindsets and skills of youth enable the young researchers to
utilize their STEAM knowledge and leadership skills to solve real life problems locally and globally
and more efficiently. We offer internship & leadership programs for KMUTT students and
international students to receive experiential & peer learning on I4.0 and CE as well as
entrepreneurship skill training by the youth trainers.

Within a short 4 months, we have trained 40 KMUTT students and young faculty members and
showcase KMUTT innovations to the United Nations, government agencies, Asia Development Bank
and others in Asia and Europe through various youth leadership forum addressing the future of the
youth.
 Jani Kotakoski
Associate Professor, University of Vienna, Austria

Keynote Talk on - Single-atom manipulation in the transmission electron microscope

Over the last few years, atomic-level material manipulation inside the transmission electron
microscope (TEM) has been gaining much attention. While also the manipulation of atoms within
three-dimensional crystals has been discussed, two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene,
provide the ideal first playground for this method.

In the earliest works, manipulation of 2D materials was carried out using the parallel illumination of a
high resolution TEM. More recently, the availability of low-voltage ultra-high vacuum scanning
transmission electron microscopes (STEM) with extremely stable sample holders have made it
possible to focus the electron beam on a specific atom within the material under study. This ability,
combined with the improved understanding on the interaction between the electron beam and 2D
materials is now making it for the first time possible to manipulate covalently bound materials atom-
by-atom at will, reminiscent to what has been done with scanning tunneling microscopes at low
temperatures on metal substrates since the 1980's. The major difference is that in the STEM the
manipulations can be done at room temperature and they remain stable up to temperatures far above
that.

Until now, examples of manipulation include creating local defects through sputtering of atoms from
graphene, rotating atomic bonds at defects such as di vacancies and moving individual silicon
impurity atoms in the graphene lattice. In this presentation, I will give an overview of the physical
phenomena important for electron-beam manipulation of materials, paying special attention to
unsolved problems, and discuss the way towards more complicated design-structures combining 2D
samples, ion implantation and electron-beam manipulation.
 (Dr.) H.M Duong
Associate Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore

Keynote Talk on - Mass Production and Applications of Cellulose Aerogels from

Environmental Waste

Thermal jacket design using eco-friendly cellulose fibers from recycled paper waste is developed in
this report. Neoprene as an outmost layer, cellulose aerogels in the middle and Nylon as an innermost
layer can form the best sandwiched laminate using the zigzag stitching method for thermal jacket
development. The temperature of the ice slurry inside the water bottle covered with the designed
thermal jackets remains at 0.1 °C even after 4 h, which is the average duration of an outfield exercise.
Interestingly, the insulation performance of the designed thermal jackets is much better than the
commercial insulated water bottles like FLOE bottles and is very competition to that of vacuum flasks
for a same period of 4 h and ambient conditions.

Haemostatic devices can exert internal pressure to promote blood clotting and reduce blood flow,
potentially reducing mortality rates of gunshot wounds or other deeply penetrating wounds. For the
first time, cotton aerogels have been successfully developed from commercial cotton fibers. The
developed cotton aerogels can be compressed to form aerogel pallets which can be used for
haemostatic devices. The effects of various cotton fiber concentrations, their morphology and chitosan
concentrations on volume expansion ratio, expansion time and hydrostatic pressure of the hybrid
cotton aerogels are investigated comprehensively. The chitosan-coated cellulose-cotton aerogel pallets
having 0.7 wt% of the fibers, with cellulose-cotton ratio of 1:2 and 0.5 wt% of the coated chitosan
showed excellent haemostatic performance. The volume expansion ratio of 16.0, expansion time of
4.5 s and hydrostatic pressure of 11.5 mmHg of each aerogel pallet are much better than those of
commercial haemostatic sponges. The developed cotton-based aerogels have several potential
applications such as haemostatic devices, stopping serious liquid leakage, oil-spill cleaning, personal
care and heat and sound insulation applications.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber aerogel were successfully invented from recycled PET fibers
obtained from plastic bottles and using various cross linkers such as tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and/or
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and/or glutaraldehyde (GA). Recycled PET aerogels were obtained through
the ambient pressure drying or freeze drying processes. The developed PET aerogels showed super-
hydrophobicity with an average water contact angle of 149.9o. Their thermal conductivity was
approximately 0.033-0.047 W/mK. They have a very low compressive Young’s Modulus (0.87 –4.98
kPa) and hence very elastic. This work provides an approach to fabricate cost-effective and promising
PET aerogels used for several applications such as thermal insulation and absorption applications.
 Dr LU Li
Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore

Keynote Talk on - Design of Electrical Energy Storage Devices - The Next Wave

Due to concerns of safety and specific energy of present Li-ion batteries that use organic electrolytes
are Li-ion conductors, design new devices that can store high specific energy without tread off safety
and even with higher safety factor, becomes a hot R&D direction and has attracted tremendous
attentions in recent years. To achieve this goal, one of possibilities is to replace organic electrolytes
by less/no flammable electrolytes such as inorganic ceramic electrolytes. Although solid state
electrolytes been studied for a few decades, breakthrough in ionic conductivity has been noted only
recently. With applications of batteries in large format, safety issues become an extremely important
in addition to challenges of high energy density. Replacement of highly flammable organic liquid
electrolyte by solid and stable electrolyte leads to increased safety. Most solid electrolytes possess a
wide operation potential range so that some cathodes materials that cannot be used in organic
electrolyte can now be considered. Studies also note that use of solid electrolyte can significantly
expand battery operation temperature range. Therefore, solid state battery is the future energy storage
device. Solid electrolyte that is a key and also an essential component in the batteries can be
categorized into following types: oxide, glassy, sulfate, and polymer and its composites. Different
types of solid electrolytes show different advantages in different aspects. Based on safety concern,
oxide-based electrolytes such as garnet-structured, nasicon-structured and lisicon-structured materials
have demonstrated pretty good stability in ambient condition with reasonably high ionic conductivity
of about 10-4 ~ 10-3 S/cm. Some of them can be potentially used in all-solid-state batteries and Li-air
batteries. This presentation will report our recent development of solid state electrolyte for Li-air
batteries and for all-solid-state batteries.
 Yutaka Ohno
Professor and Vice-Director, Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability,
Nagoya University, Japan

Keynote Talk on -
Carbon nanotube-based flexible electronics: Biosensors and integrated
circuits for wearable devices

Wearable healthcare devices have the potential to revolutionize preventive medical care and health
promotion technologies. Carbon nanotube thin films are promising electronic materials for transistors
and integrated circuits [1,2], biosensors [3], and other passive components to build flexible and
stretchable devices with excellent wearability and performance because of the high-carrier mobility,
mechanical flexibility, and biocompatibility.

In the presentation, after reviewing recent progresses of carbon nanotube-based electron devices, our
recent works on flexible integrated circuits and biosensors for wearable devices are introduced. A
concept to design carbon nanotube-based analog integrated circuits, which are indispensable for
sensor devices, is presented, with a demonstration of the first carbon nanotube differential amplifiers
on a flexible plastic film. Selective and sensitive detection of dopamine, a kind of neurotransmitters,
is also demonstrated with carbon nanotube thin films.

[I] D.-M. Sun et al., Nat. Nanotechnol. 6, 156 (2011).

[II] D.-M. Sun et al., Nat. Commn. 4, 2302 (2013).

[II] W. Harreither et al., Anal. Chem. 85, 7447 (2013).

 William B. Haskell
Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management,
National University of Singapore

Keynote Talk on -
New function fitting methods in approximate dynamic programming

Dynamic programming is the central tool for solving sequential optimization problems that evolve in
time. This class of problems is challenging because the state space, the set of information that
describes the current operation of the system, is often very complex. In order to effectively use
dynamic programming, we need a scheme for learning about the entire state space from just a few
samples. In this talk, we describe a new method for randomized function fitting which can efficiently
construct value functions for the entire state space from a small number of samples. We show how to
incorporate this method into the classical dynamic programming algorithm, and then study its
convergence properties.
 Dr. Jagdish Chand Bansal
Assistant Professor, South Asian University, New Delhi, India

Keynote Talk on - Nature Inspired Optimization Algorithms

It became infeasible to apply classical optimization algorithms if the problem under

consideration is highly nonlinear, have multiple optima and the gradient information is not
available. For these optimization problems, there exist few intelligent random search
algorithms. These algorithms search the solution stochastically. The intelligence in this
random search is inserted by inspiration from the nature. Whether it is ants foraging behavior
or birds’ swarming behavior or human evolution process, the computational optimization
algorithms have been developed based on many natural phenomena. Researchers found that
these nature inspired optimization algorithms can efficiently tackle the problems, which are
otherwise difficult to solve using traditional optimization algorithms. The talk presents the
various nature inspired optimization algorithms and their relation with the natural
phenomena.
 Dr. Teena Bagga
Professor, Amity University, Noida, India

Keynote Talk on - Topic Digital India :- Challenges & Opportunities

Digital India stands for transforming India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge
economy. It is an initiative of government of India to integrate the Government Departments and the
people of India. It aims at ensuring that the Government services are made available to citizens
electronically within no time and control corruption by making transaction online. Some of the
initiatives from government of India like launch of BHIM App ,UMANG App (Accessing
government services through single APP) , Start-Up India Portal (for nurturing innovation and self-
employment ) ,e-Kranti (electronically delivery of services ), Adhaar Identity Platform for every
individuals, Goods & Service Tax Network Setup for benefiting Indian citizen & ensuring
transparency , SMART Cities projects to focus on health , Transport , e-governance, waste
management electronically within city . Connecting to every citizen of India through MYGOV portal
etc

Digital India Program has its own challenges like 1) Improving Digital Infrastructure (Telecom & IT
Infrastructure) in rural area , 2) Digital literacy in rural areas, 3) Controlling security threats like
cyber-crimes , frauds etc , 4) Encouraging corporate houses to participate actively & finance digital
India programme 5) Simplifying regulatory guidelines & policies, building & strengthening
framework on cyber security , IOT ,M2M etc .

Digital India Program also provides opportunity like 1) Bringing public accountability through
mandated delivery of Government services electronically 2) Will bring end to corruption system , 3)
Save trees and Environment by reducing papers ,4) Knowledge enhancement especially in rural areas
by setting up Digital Infrastructure 5) Career & Business opportunities for citizen of India .

This major opportunity of the digital economy has the power to change the lives of millions of people
of India. It could be an important vehicle for change and it could provide the opportunity for India to
dramatically expand its role and influence in the global economy and become a powerhouse of digital
innovation.

Keywords - Digital India, Digital Infrastructure, IOT, SMART Cities

 Preface

The 2nd International Conference on Innovative Research in Science, Technology and Management (ICIRSTM
- 2018) was held in U-Town (National University of Singapore) Singapore on September 29 - 30, 2018.

The conference, which was organized by IIRAJ Technical Research Forum (ITRF), Bhubaneswar in association
with National University of Singapore (NUS), IRP & International Institute of Research and Journals
(IIRAJ) one of the fastest growing prestigious networks and an independent non-profit professional association
registered under “Worldwide People Empowerment Trust” under section-25, Companies Act; 1956 meant for
and aiming to promote the development of scientific and research activities in science, engineering and
technology in India and abroad. IIRAJ Researchers forum constitutes of professional experts and overseas
technical leaders who have left no stones unturned to reinforce the field of science, engineering and technology.

The topics that are covered in the conference include electronics and instrumentation, material science and
engineering, computer science and information technology, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, civil
engineering, basic science, management, agriculture & environmental science and animal science.

Reviewing process of the ICIRSTM-2018 was a challenging process that relies on the goodwill of those people
involved in the field. We would like to thank all the reviewers for their time and effort in reviewing the
documents. The published papers have passed the process of improvement accommodating the discussion
during the conference as well as the reviewer’s comments who have guided any necessary improvement.

Finally, we would like to thanks to all the proceeding team who have dedicated their constant support and
countless time to bring these scratches into a book. The ICIRSTM-2018 proceeding is a credit to a large group
of people and everyone should be proud of this outcome. Special thanks to all the speakers and program chairs
for making this event a grand success.


EDITORIAL

It is my proud privilege to welcome you all to the 2nd ICIRSTM International Conference at U-town
(NUS) Singapore. This platform is intended to provide a platform for researchers, educators and professionals to
present their discoveries and innovative practice and to explore future trends and applications in the field
Science, Technology and Management. However, this conference will also provide a forum for dissemination of
knowledge on both theoretical and applied research on the above said area with an ultimate aim to bridge the
gap between these coherent disciplines of knowledge. Thus the forum accelerates the trend of development of
technology for next generation.

We on behalf of International Institute of Research and Journals (IIRAJ) & U-Town (National University
of Singapore), express our deep gratitude to all the Keynote speakers without whom this International
Conference cannot be a great success. Here, we would like to acknowledge the support of the sponsors. It will
be a great privilege to offer our sincere thanks to our esteemed Chairman and we are also thankful to all those
who are directly and indirectly involved in bringing out this souvenir.
Just as the sunflower turns towards the sun for survival, growth and enlightenment, knowledge turns towards the
world of science and innovation. So, we wish all should contribute their commitment, sincerity, and hard work
for the well-being of the society.

I once again give thanks to the International Institute of Research and Journals (IIRAJ), U-Town
(National University of Singapore) & IRP for organizing this event in U-Town (NUS) Singapore. I am sure the
contributions by the authors shall add value to the research community. I also thank all the International and
National Advisory members and Reviewers for making this event a successful one.

Editor-In-Chief
Dr. Teena Bagga
Amity University,
Noida, India

▀▀▀
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

SL No. TITLES AND AUTHORS Page No.

01. Perceived supervisor support and perceived coworker support on emotional exhaustion: 01
a study on middle level employees of multinational companies operating in sri lanka
 Yasodara Jayarathna, S. M. D., Pradeep Dharmadasa

02. Educator’s adaption to changing learning environment in higher education: An 02

extension of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)
 Dr. Mallika Srivastava, Prof. Lavina Sharma

03. Relationship between Organizational Factors and Job Satisfaction in the Financial 03
Services Industry in Malaysia
 Dr. Anantha Raj A. Arokiasamy, Dr. Jiyoung Park

04. Eco-Briquette: An Alternative Fuel For Climate Change Adaptation 04

 Marisol Solis-Foronda, Jan Rey Aquino

05. The (In) Effectiveness of Social Media use for Local Governance Development 05
 Sataporn

06. Development of Teg (Thermoelectric Generator) Energy System For Tricycle 06

 Ocampo, Jonell V.

07. An Efficient Routing Mechanism in WSNs using PSO and GSO Algorithms 07
 Gowrishankar

08. A State-of-the-Art on Power Quality Enhancement Techniques: Present Scenario and 08

Future Challenges
 Alok Jain, M.K. Verma

09. An Efficient Learning and Classification approach using PCA, LDA and RBF-NN 09
 Vinodpuri Rampuri Gosavi, Dr. Anil K . Deshmane, Dr.Ganesh.S.Sable

10. Challenges and obstacles of adopting SLFRS as the convergence with IFRS in Sri Lanka 10
 Wasanthi Madurapperuma

11. Factors Influences Farmers Desire to Agricultural Land Conversion in Indonesia Using 11
Structural Equation Model Analysis
 Yogi Makbul, Sudrajati Ratnaningtyas, Pradono

12. Graphene - An alternative to n-Si in p-i-n Si Quantum dot solar cells? 12

 Swastika Palit, Sam Baskar, Gargi Raina, R. Pratibha Nalini
13. Design and analysis of a novel IOT controlled biomimetic robotic fish 13
 Swastika Palit, Aylmer Britto R, Shreya Sinha, Arockia Selvakumar A

14. Explore tourist opinion with sentiment analysis using machine learning method 14
 Sri Redjeki, Edy Faizal, Edi Iskandar

15. Implementation of UCD (User Centered Design) On Cognitive Learning Application 15

For Children With Mental Retardation
 Rahayu Purnamardianti, Danang Junaedi, Indra Lukmana Sardi

16. Student Interest in repackaging Martial Arts of Pencak Silat (Case Studies on Martial 16
Arts College Warugadjati)
 Ayuningtyas Y Hapsari, Annisa Lisdayanti, Vincentia W Widajatun

17. Flexural Strength of Concrete Retrofitted by Fiberglass Reinforced Laminating Film 17

 Guillermo O. Bernabe, Orlean G. Dela Cruz, Joseph Raniel A. Bianes

18. The Determinant of Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia 18

 Arkas Viddy, Tandi Kadang, Gabriel Gaja Tukan

19. Internal and External Sources of Knowledge for Open Innovation Management of Thai 19
Automotive Industry
 Poramet Eamurai, Napaporn Khantanapha, Rapeepun Piriyakul

20. Study of Engineering Principles For Extraction of Ecdysterone From Leaves of 20

Achyranthes Aspera Linn (Aghada)
 Suyogkumar V. Taralkar, Sujay Chattopadhyay

21. Cognizance of foreign currency changing institutions in cauayan city on r.a. 9160/ anti- 21
money laundering act of 2001
 Ronald B Isidro Jr

22. Price sensitivity drivers and attitude toward bundling in convergent telecommunication 22
services
 Evi Rinawati Simanjuntak

23. Stronger Cryptography For Every Device, Everywhere: A Side-Channel-Based 23

Approach to Collecting Virtually Unlimited Entropy In Any CPU
 JV Roig

24. Factors’ Analysis of Government Cloud Computing Implementation in Indonesia 24

 Rizka Khairunnisa, Muhamad Asvial

25. Going Nowhere, Fast: An Analysis of the HSTS Preload List Entries, Growth Rate and 25
Industry Adoption
 JV Roig, Eunice Gatdula
26. Developers, Please Just Use /dev/urandom: Forty Terabytes of Randomness Show No 26
Difference Between the Linux Random Devices /dev/random and /dev/urandom
 Jesus Vicente Roig

27. Development of e-Bag Wireless Charger for Gadgets 27

 Remedios G. Ado, Rolito L. Mahaguay

28. The Role of Incentive Mix to Prevent Mission Drift in Microfinance: A Sequential 28
Explanatory Study
 Mohammad Zainuddin, Ida Md. Yasin

29. An Intelligent Children Healthcare System in the Context of Internet of Things 29

 Nishargo Nigar, Mohammed Nazim Uddin

30. ANN Based Global Solar Radiation Prediction: A Case Study 30

 Tarlochan Kaur, Sanjay Kumar, Ravneet Kaur, Ayush Gera

31. Green Postal Service Design: Integrating Quality Function Deployment from Customer 31
Perspectives
 Vadivel S.M, A.H.Sequeira

32. Domestic wastewater analyses and design consideration of a treatment unit in Srinagar, 32
J&K, India
 Misbah Bashir, Mohammad Jamal Alhaj

33. Role of Psychological Contract on Employee Engagement in Health Care Sector - A 33

Case Study approach
 Vrinda V Nair, Dr. Shikha Ojha, Dr. Balanagarajan

34. The Impact of Intellectual Capital on Firm’s Net Profit 34

 Pavinee Na Srito, Napaporn Khantanapha, Rapeepun Piriyakul

35. Corporate Image Management at the Downstream 35

 Sunisa Dokmaipum, Napaporn Khantanapha, Rapeepun Piriyakul

36. Crumb Rubber Tire and Lahar Sand as Fine Aggregates in Asphalt 36
 Manuel M. Muhi, Kenneth Bryan M. Tana, Orlean G. Dela Cruz

37. Design and Development of a Hybrid Photobioreactor for Biomass Production of 37

Spirulina Platensis Species
 Pedrito M. Tenerife Jr., Arvin R. De La Cruz, Jan Lennard A. Augusto, Tracey C.
Cabacaba, Ann Maekylah N. Paiton, Mary Margarette L. Velasquez

38. A simple cattle’s monitoring system on traditional farming using wireless sensor 38
network in Timor island Indonesia
 Deddy Barnabas Lasfeto, Tuti Setyorini, Yohan A. A. Lada
39. Fuzzy Induced Counter Propagation Neural Network (FCPN) for the Control of 39
Reactive Distillation Column
 Vandana Sakhre, Sanjeev Jain, Uday P Singh

40. Assessment of the effectiveness of the human resource development program of bataan 40
peninsula state university
 Edmundo C. Tungol, Ed.D, Sherrilyn B. Quintos, Ed.D, Cynthia M. Ronquillo,
MAED

41. Customer Satisfaction Analysis Using Word Cloud with Online Hotel Review: A 41
comparison between Thailand and Myanmar
 Vimolboon Cherpanukorn, Jirawit Yanchinda, Korawan Sangkakorn

42. Effects of sintering temperature on super elastic properties of niticu shape memory 42
alloy using Nano indentation
 C. Velmurugan, V. Senthilkumar

43. Factors affecting citizens’ intention to use of e-Government services in India 43

 Dr.Jaya Iyer

44. Customer Acceptance of Mobile Payment Systems: Continuous Intention and 44

Satisfaction Framework
 Sindhu Singh

45. Utilization of sugar palm wood waste for functional product in interior space 45
 Lisa Levina K Jonatan

46. Assessing the Impact of Contextual Antecedents on Individual Entrepreneurial 46

Orientation and Intentions: An SEM Approach
 Swagatika Sahoo, Dr Rajeev Kumar Panda

47. High-speed diesel-spray cinematography at elevated pressure 47

 Panos Sphicas

48. Determination of spin ability by means of viscosity, refractive index and weight loss as 48
an independent monitor to spin alumina fibers by centrifugal spinning
 N. Thamarai Selvi, Parag Bhargava

49. Contributions of Author for Authorship: A Literature Review 49

 Winda Anestya Ayunda, Cahyo Trianggoro, Nurida Maulidia Rahma, Ambar
Yoganingrum

50. Contribution of Indonesian researchers in international multi-authored biodiversity 50

publication
 Cahyo Trianggoro, Winda Winda Anestya Ayunda, Nurida Maulidia Rahma, Ambar
Yoganingrum
51. House as Life Cycle Space in Betawi Culture, Kampung Setu Babakan 51
 Marchelia Lunggaer, Antony Sihombing

52. Application of Data Envelopment Analysis on Performance Evaluation of Construction: 52

A Case Study of Airfield Projects
 Chien-Liang Lin, Ching-Lung Fan

53. Digital Transformation in the Age of Industry 4.0: Acceleration of Transformational 53

Performance through Business Model Innovation and Co-Creation Strategy in
Indonesia ICT Firm
 Leonardus W Wasono M, Elidjen, Firdaus Alamsjah, Sasmoko

54. Inclusive Business Management for Supporting a Community Economy in Bangkok 54

Area
 Sobchoke Na Srito, Napaporn Khantanapha, Rapeepun Piriyakul

55. Strategies for Survival of the Publishing Businesses 55

 Supot Rattanapun, Napaporn Khantanapha, Rapeepun Piriyakul

56. Face Recognition Based on Local Binary Pattern-Deep Belief Network 56

 K.Naga Prakash, K.Prasanthi Jasmime, K.Rasool Reddy

57. Kampung Inhabitant Economic and Social Life Improvement as A Result of Inserting 57
Creativity
 Sharfina Nur Dini, Antony Sihombing.

58. Why People Still Smoking? (A Case Study about the People of Bandung Who Choose 58
Healthy Lifestyle)
 Galuh Boga Kuswara, Tezza Adriansyah Anwar , Ayuningtyas Yuli Hapsari

59. Enterprise Architecture Design using Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) Based on 59
the Zachman’s Framework approach
 Hari Supriyadi ST.,M.Kom

60. Use of information security system with Biometric Data 60

 Ucu Nugraha, Tezza Adriansyah Anwar, Parlindungan

61. Time-varying demand model for shuttle bus service in a campus 61

 Rattaphol Pueboobpaphan, Maytarvut Seehamart, Suthatip Pueboobpaphan

62. Model-based Design of IoT/WSN Nodes: Hardware Abstraction Layer 62

 Supachai Vorapojpisut

63. An Empirical Investigation of Exchange rate Behaviour and Macroeconomic 63

Fundamentals in a VECM Framework: The case of Indian Rupee/ US Dollar
 Vaishali Padake, Bhargavi Karamcheti, T. Geetha
64. Efficiency analysis of telecommunication companies in southeast Asia using stochastic 64
frontier analysis (SFA) method
 Riko Hendrawan, Gayuh Titis P

65. Stock valuation using free cash flow to firm and relative valuation in telecommunication 65
listed companies in Indonesia stock exchange
 Riko Hendrawan, Muhamad Syafiurrofiq

66. The self-employment as an owner-manager: the challenges and opportunities of 66

economic sharing paradigm
 Arphaporn Jongwiriyajaroenchai, Napaporn Khantanapha, Rapeepun Piriyakul

67. Wind load estimation by peak gust method and assessment of tractive effort for mobile 67
vehicle assembly structure
 Guvvala Sai Hamsitha Reddy, Dr. R. Ashokan, Shri. K N V S N Kumar

68. Pension system in Indonesia: issues, expectations and optimum solution 68

 Ahmad Irsan A. Moeis, Nachrowi Djalal Nachrowi, Aris Ananta, Vid Adrison

69. Study of Characteristic Land Subsidence on Marine Clay Comparing to 69

Compressibility Index and Pore Water Pressure Changes in Coastal Areas of Northern
Jakarta
 L.E. Hutabarat, T. Ilyas, W.A. Prakoso

70. Study of Correlation and Impact of Self Help Groups on Savings of members 70
 Dr.Divya Gangwar, , Ritu Singh

71. Common Base Concepts of the 1st – the 3rd Order Entity WordNet of English-Thai- 71
Vietnamese-Lao-Cambodian- Bahasa-Filipino- Burmese Languages for Internet Usage
 Panornuang Sudasna Na Ayudhya

72. Does scheduled acceleration on weekends worsen labor productivity? Lessons learned 72
from Taiwan
 Chien-Liang Lin, Yu Che Lai

73. Decomposition of energy consumption and decoupling analysis in the indonesian 73

industry: an analysis of green industry
 Zaekhan, Nachrowi D. Nachrowi, Andi Fahmi Lubis, Widyono Soetjipto

74. Productivity Spill over among Indonesia’s Manufacturing Sector : a Spatial Linkage 74
Analysis
 Irvan Kuswardana, Nachrowi Djalal Nachrowi, Andi Fahmi Lubis, Telisa Aulia
Falianty

75. The Influence of Economic and Social Environment Factor to Smoking Participation in 75
Household in Indonesia
  Triasih Djutaharta

76. Osmotic fragility of human red blood cells through micro rheology and machine vision 76
system
 Clare Maristela V. Galon

77. Willingness to pay for food delivery service to a remote area 77

 Suthatip Pueboobpaphan, Rattaphol Pueboobpaphan

78. Technological Pedagogical Knowledge for Pre service Teachers Primary Science 78
 Widdy Harce Frans Rorimpandey, I Nyoman Degeng, Punaji Setyosari, Saida Ulfa

79. Design Strategy for Fuzzy Data Warehouses 79

 PPG Dinesh Asanka, Amal Shehan Perera

80. Obliviousness as A Response To ‘Out Of Place’ Spatial Experience A Case Study in 80

BSD City, Indonesia
 Dian Alin Mulyasari, Antony Sihombing

81. 5G New Radio Enhancements for Wireless Monitoring Systems 81

 Vasudevan Perumal, C.Santhosh Sagar

82. Experimental evaluation and thermodynamic modelling of tetraethyl ammonium 82

chloride of carbon dioxide gas hydrate phase conditions
 Zamzila Kassim, Fadhli Hadana Rahman, Muhammad Saad Khan, Bhajan Lal

83. Factors that influence farmers’ decision to plant the sugar cane: case in cirebon 83
regency, West Java, Indonesia
 Sudrajati Ratnaningtyas, Yogi Makbul, Gina Karunia Kusumah

84. The Effect of Trade Liberalization on Wage Inequality in Indonesia Manufacturing 84

Sector
 Watekhi, Nachrowi D. Nachrowi

85. Brain pressure analysis using back propagation neural network 85

 Gokulnath S, Nikhil K, Surendar R, Venkatesh J, Mrs.T.Mangayakarasi.M.E.,Ph.D

86. Social Innovation and New Product Development for grassroots 86

 David Makarapong, Chaidate Inchaisri, Chupun Gowanit, Supawan Tantayanon

87. The effective cyber security awareness methods based on psychological theories 87
 Nipon Nachin, Krerk Piromsopa, Chatpong Tangmanee

88. Network cooperation, product innovation, internationalization and economic 88

performance of SMEs
 Rashmeet Singh, M H Bala Subrahmanya
89. Factors affecting knowledge sharing of undergraduate students: A comparison between 89
private and public universities in Thailand
 Kulpornpat Poosriroj, Vichita Vathanophas Ractham

90. Analysis of mitigation strategies against the risk of cost-overrun during implementation 90
of construction projects
 N.M. Jaya, I.G.K. Sudipta, M.D.M. Suparta

91. The effect of organizational culture and leadership on achievement motivation impact 91
on employees’ loyalty
 Reyna Septina Budiyanti, Ferryal Abadi

92. Identification of Librarian and Academic Collaboration Program to Increase the 92

Research Competencies in University and Research Institute: A Systematic Literature
Review
 Yaniasih, Hermin Triasih, Retno Asihanti Setiorini

93. Socio-Emotional Wealth of Family Firm that Affecting Firm Performance 93

 Busarin Arunchit, Krittapha Saenchaiyathon, Aree Naipinit, Phallapa Petison

94. High Performance Work Practices (HPWPs) in Micro SMEs 94

 Arisara Rungrueang, Napaporn Khantanapha, Rapeepun Piriyakul

95. A Development of Nonlinear Input- Output Model for Thai Economy 95

 Bundit Chaivichayachat

96. The Influence of Green Training on Green Supply Chain Management Practices and 96
Firm’s Performance
 Jirawat Wongthongchai, Krittapha Saenchaiyathon

97. Solar powered electric treadmill Bi-Cycle 97

 Nigil Cherwin C, Naveen A, Narendran B, Manoj Kumar V, Prem Kiran T

98. Model of High Performance Work System affected Employees’ Intention to Stay 98
 Thariga Pholloke, Krittapha Saenchaiyathon, Parisa Rungruang

99. A Service Marketing Approach For Disseminating Knowledge Product 99

 Yati Suryati

100. The Influencing of Employee Engagement on the performance of Hotel Industry in 100
Thailand
 Methaya Imerb, Krittapha Saenchaiyathon, Aree Naipinit, Parisa Rungruang

101. Strengthening Strategy of Old Bridge in Indonesia (Tukad Yeh Bangkung) by Using 101
Optimization and Preservation Approach
  Nyoman Sutarja, I Gede Adi Susila

102. Productivity Improvement Study for Aircraft Maintenance Staff 102

 Ellysa Nursanti, Sibut, Mariza Kertaningtyas

103. Assessment the Speed-up Detection System for Testing Sprinters’ Performances Using 103
Computer Vision Techniques
 Teerawat Kamnardsiri

104. Eco-efficiency Analysis of High Density Polyethylene Resin by Integrated Life Cycle 104
Assessment and Life Cycle Cost
 Natthapong Wichai-utcha, Siros Tongchure, Wonlop Buachoom, Orathai
Chavalparit

105. Requirements Representation Ontology Comprehension in Semantic Wiki 105

 Muh. Nur Musa, Eko K. Budiardjo, Ganjar Ramadhan, Foni Agus Setiawan

106. Community-based Ecotourism Destination in East Java: Planning a Community’s 106

Settlement as tourist homestay in Sumberwangi Hamlet
 Dr. Eng. Novi Sunu Sri Giriwati ST., MSc, La Choviya Hawa, STP., MP., PhD; Ir.
Sigmawan Tri Pamungkas MT.; Wasiska Iyati, ST., MT.; Ar. Rohman Taufiq
Hidayat, ST., M. AgrSc

107. On the Validity of the Knowledge Transferring Assessment of the Knowledge‐Based 107
System for Training Long Jump Athletes: The Approach‐Run Phase
 Teerawat Kamnardsiri, Worawit Janchai, Pattaraporn Khuwuthyakorn, Wacharee
Rittiwat

108. Building a Decision Support System Software for Hospital Surgeries by Using Lean 108
Thinking Techniques
 Ufuk Cebeci

109. A Preliminary Feasibility Study of Solar Home System at 3rd Fleet Command 109
 Yanif Dwi Kuntjoro, Rifai Mardanie Bajuri

110. Best-Fit Estimation Model and Optimization of Biodiesel Production Based on CPO in 110
Indonesia
 Khusnul Khotimah, Wisnu Ramadhan, Yanif Dwi Kuntjoro

111. Low leakage Power ALU Design using IVC based GSA 111
 P. Indira, Dr. M. Kamaraju

112. Management of Fishing Grounds Location Determination effectively and efficiently 112
(An Implementation of Sonar Technology and Thermal Imaging usage)
 Tezza Adriansyah Anwar, Gagan Sugandi, Ari Purno Wahyu W

113. Monitoring source, soil moisture, and types of plant vegetation through drink 113
 technology and remote sensing (A Modern Agricultural Concept Application)
 Ari Purno Wahyu Wibowo, Tezza Adriansyah Anwar , Parlindungan

114. Application of machine vision method on industry revolution 4.0 for process of sequence 114
and quality control gear production
 Parlindungan, Tezza Adriansyah Anwar, Ari Purno Wahyu Wibowo

115. Bayesian hierarchy non-stationary neural network on short term prediction wind 115
power model for measuring work capacity of wind turbine
 A.Prasetyowati, D.Sudiana, H.Sudibyo

116. The Application of Interpretive Structural Modeling Technique (ISM) to Study 116
Adopting model of Green Supply Chain Management
 Jirawat Wongthongchai, Krittapha Saenchaiyathon

117. Application of radial shock wave therapy to stroke patient based on tens method 117
 Wisnu Broto, Noor Suryaningsih, Fauzie Busalim, Untung Priyanto, Ane
Prasetyowati

118. A Predictive Analysis on the Crime Rates in Manila 118

 Deza, Jopeth B., Keh, Anthony Mar; Tamayo, Gio Luigi; Magisa, Jeremy Marion S.;
Barcelo, Arne B.

119. A Quick Changeover (SMED) System Framework for the Companies Using Injection 119
Machines
 Ufuk Cebeci

120. The Stochastic Multilevel State Model for the Study of Captive Animal’s Behavior 120
Using a Non-Invasive Sensing Method
 Phudinan Singkahmfu, Pruet Boonma, Wijak Srisujjalertwaja, Anurak Panyanuwat,
Natapot Warrit

121. The power management in organization using real time power consumption monitoring 121
and knowledge management approach
 Walaiporn Singkhamfu, Kanokwan Chaiyaso, Narisra Laohapatanalert,
NikomThipnate, PhudinanSingkhamfu

122. Role of Facebook on marketing and branding of banking portfolio’s 122

 Divya Pathak, Marshal Mukesh Sahni

123. Role of artificial intelligence & machine learning in marketing 123

 Sushant Kumar Vishnoi, Dr. Teena Bagga
 PERCEIVED SUPERVISOR SUPPORT AND
PERCEIVED COWORKER SUPPORT ON
EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION: A STUDY ON
MIDDLE LEVEL EMPLOYEES OF
MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES OPERATING IN
SRI LANKA
1
Yasodara Jayarathna, S. M. D., 2Pradeep Dharmadasa
1
Lecturer, Department of Human Resource Management, Faculty of Commerce and
2
Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, Senior Lecturer, Department of
International Studies, Faculty of Management and Finance, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka

Abstract
Huge competition among the business world has created an organizational environment
where it is filled up with excessive psychological and work demands that employees are
unable to cope up with. Thus, it creates a situation where employees feel emotionally
depleted and absence of energy to perform the duties in a proper manner specially in
MNCs, as those involved in international business all over the world. Hence, this research
investigates whether perceived supervisor support and perceived coworker support
impact on emotional exhaustion utilizing the organizational support theory. The study
hypothesized that perceived supervisor support and perceived coworker support are
negatively related with emotional exhaustion. Structural equation modeling was
conducted on data obtained from 313 middle level employees working in MNCs in Sri
Lanka. Results demonstrate that higher perceived supervisor support and coworker
support buffer emotional exhaustion experienced by employees. The findings of the study
underlines the significance of having mechanism to enhance work social support and
inquiring emotional exhaustion in neglected Asian and multinational context.

Keywords - Emotional Exhaustion, Perceived Supervisor Support, Perceived Coworker

Support

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
1
 EDUCATOR’S ADAPTION TO CHANGING
LEARNING ENVIRONMENT IN HIGHER
EDUCATION: AN EXTENSION OF
TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL (TAM)
1
Dr. MallikaSrivastava, 2Prof. Lavina Sharma
1,2
Assistant Professor, Symbiosis Institute of Business Management, Bengaluru, Symbiosis
International (Deemed University), Pune

Abstract
The Internet and Communications Technology has brought in many changes in the learning
and education domain. The research paper aims to study the impact of various factors leading
to educator’sacceptance to the changing learning environment in the higher education.
Methods/Statistical Analysis: An exploratory-descriptive approach was used in this
research. The various constructs used for the study are Value beliefs, Self-Efficacy,
Perceived ease of use and Social Influence. Based on extensive literature review and semi
structured interviews with academicians from management institute of the total items (30)
identified only 19 statements were found relevant for the study. The internal consistency of
the six factors was tested through a reliability test. For examining the moderation effect of
the demographic variables such as gender, age, and job experience, various antecedents of
technology adoption along with behavioral intention were considered. To test the moderation
effect of demographic variables, multiple regressions is proposed.
Findings: The study attempts to conceptualize a model by incorporating additional
demographic variables age, gender and job experience, which have not been explored before
in TAM and Social Influence theory. The results of regression analysis show that each of the
independent variables has a positive and significant influence on the Intention towards use of
technology in teaching as indicated by t-statistics. Looking at the moderation effects through
regression it was shown that Gender does not moderate the relationship between any of the
variables and Intention whereas Experience and Age where found to be moderating the
relationship of Value beliefs, Self-Efficacy, Perceived ease of use, Social Influence on
Intention towards use of technology in teaching.
Application: Considering the fact that the adoption rate of use of technology by educators is
still at developing stage in India, this study reveals that age and job experience, are the
salient demographic variables which moderate the impact of independent factors (Value
beliefs, Self-Efficacy, Perceived ease of use, Social Influence) on Intention towards use of
technology in teaching. With the use of innovative technology in the field of higher
education, it becomes a challenge for the educator’s toadapt to the changes. The research
paper discusses the above factors and the role it plays in technology adoption by
academicians. It will be beneficial for policy makers to design policies to ensure the change
is managed effectively in the field of higher education.
Keywords - Educator, Value beliefs, Self-Efficacy, Perceived ease of use, Social Influence,
change management

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
2
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL
FACTORS AND JOB SATISFACTION IN THE
FINANCIAL SERVICES INDUSTRY IN
MALAYSIA
1
Dr. Anantha Raj A. Arokiasamy, 2Dr. Jiyoung Park
1,2
Xiamen University Malaysia, School of Economics and Management,JalanSunsuria, Bandar
Sunsuria,43900 Sepang, Selangor,Malaysia.

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting job satisfaction of
employees at the banking industry in Malaysia.Twenty-four banks in the Klang Valley
area, Peninsular Malaysia were targeted as survey respondents. Data were collected using
a structured questionnaire based on organizational factors (pay & benefits, promotion,
leadership, work groups, working conditions and fairness), individual factors (gender and
age) and job satisfaction of employees in the commercial banking industry in Malaysia.
The study showed that organizational factors like pay and benefits, promotion,
leadership, working conditions and fairness significantly influenced employee job
satisfaction in the banking industry.Alternatively, work groups, age and gender did not
significantly influence employee job satisfaction in the commercial banking industry in
Malaysia. The research provided a better understanding regarding the factors affecting
job satisfaction in the financial services sector. Younger generations bring with them new
expectations and retention concerns. Employers need to understand the needs and wants
of their employees and develop strategies for recruiting and retaining top talents. The
results can help CEO’s to identify strategies to increase employee job satisfaction by
increasing their motivation for the job performed thus leading to higher productivity and
better employee-retention strategies. The research findings also contribute to a better
understanding for all related parties on the application of theories and model in relation
with financial compensation aspects and organizational commitment.

Keywords - Job Satisfaction, generational identity, burnout, turnover intention, banking

industry

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
3
ECO-BRIQUETTE: AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL FOR
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
1
Marisol Solis-Foronda, 2Jan Rey A. Aquino
1,2
Institute of Teacher Education, Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus

Abstract
Using Experimental Method specifically Boiling Point Test, this study analyzed the eco-
briquette as a promising alternative fuel for climate change mitigation. The eco-briquette
was a combination of three different scrap and waste materials namely: scrap papers, cow
manure and lard. Furthermore, the eco-briquette was compared to the common wood
charcoal available on the market regarding their efficiency. The test of efficiency was
determined by temperature, boiling rate of water and duration before it burns out totally.
Four different doses (10mL, 25mL and 35mL) of lard as binding agent were tested. The
test was replicated five times with five trials each replicate. One way ANOVA was used
to analyze the data gathered in the test. Findings revealed that the mean temperature of
the eco-briquette is 66.133º C which was higher than wood charcoal. Also the boiling rate
of eco-briquette was faster with 12.972 minutes. It showed that there was a significant
difference in the efficiency between eco-briquette and wood charcoal in terms of
temperature and boiling rate. Moreover, the cost-benefit analysis showed that the eco-
briquette was economically cheaper compared to commercially available wood charcoal.

Keywords -Briquette, alternative fuel, wood charcoal, climate change, mitigation

boiling point test

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
4
 THE (IN) EFFECTIVENESS OF SOCIAL MEDIA
USE FOR LOCAL GOVERNANCE
DEVELOPMENT
Sataporn
Assistant Professor, KhonKaen University, Thailand

Abstract
The development of social media has opened up new possibilities for both local
government and ‘the people’ in engaging with the public regarding their expectations
and in increasing government performance. The effect is to increase public awareness
of, and to provide public participation and collaboration in, government programs.
This study aims to verify the potential of social media use for local governance
development, to identify some of the limitations, and make suggestions for
interaction. The results indicate that although social media use can be applied through
various formats, they can generally only facilitate communication activities. There are
no obvious activities to promote interaction and engagement. Several limitations can
be found that involve regulations, organizations, personnel, coordination of the
municipality, effectiveness, confidence, and also include the cost of social media for
people. An ‘easy-to-use’ approach is the required solution in the context of
government officials and the people.

Keywords - Social Media, Public Policy, Digital Technology, Municipality, Local

Governance, Citizen Engagement, Co-Production, Local Digitalize Governance, Web 2.0

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
5
 DEVELOPMENT OF TEG (THERMOELECTRIC
GENERATOR) ENERGY SYSTEM
FOR TRICYCLE
Ocampo, Jonell V.
Department of Industrial and Information Technology,
Cavite State University –Carmona Campus

Abstract
The device entitled “Development of TEG Energy System for Tricycle” has the
capability to harvest waste heat from the tricycle’s exhaust pipe and convert it into a DC
power. The prototype can support additional LED light and cellphone charger in the said
vehicle. It is compatible to any tricycle that has a 40 mm diameter exhaust pipe and
composed of TEG set-up, control box and LED light.TEG set-up is made up of aluminum
holder and SP5242 thermocouple. The maximum temperature is up to 90 degrees Celsius
that produce 6 – 230 milliwatts power. It also utilized plastic, aluminum and stainless
steel material that made the unit lightweight and durable. Test results showed that there is
an increase of power as the temperature difference increases.The prototype was evaluated
by 30 experts using the TUP Evaluation Instrument for Prototypes. The respondents rated
the device “Very Satisfactory” which proves that it can generate power to supply the
LED light and charge a mobile phone. The use of more effective thermoelectric couple as
the generator, adding another set of TEG module to increase the power output and the use
of fluid as cooling agent of the cold side were recommended.

Keywords - Thermoelectric, Waste Heat, Seebeck Effect

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
6
AN EFFICIENT ROUTING MECHANISM IN WSNS
USING PSO AND GSO ALGORITHMS
1
Asha G R,2Gowrishankar
1 2
Research Scholar, Jain University, Bengaluru, India, Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, B.M.S. College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Network consisting of Sensor Nodes (SN) deployed in the hostile
environment, functioning in a constrained condition of limited energy resource. Optimize
the energy consumption of SNs and enhance the life time of Sensor Networks.
Methods/Statistical analysis: Energy conservation is optimised in a Sensor Network by
information aggregation through clustering and optimized routing. Proposed technique
comprises of two phases: Initial phase SNs are clustered using Fuzzy C-Means (FCM)
clustering technique and in the final phase the clusters are optimized in each round using
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique & routes are optimized using Glow worm
Swarm optimization (GSO) methodology.Findings: FCM-PSO-GSO method enhances
the overall performance of system in terms of energy consumption of the node, Network
life time, routing convergence and path optimization. The proposed technique is
compared with the classic LEACH technique and PSO clustering and routing technique;
results were promising.Initially during cluster formation FCM clustering algorithm is
applied, SNs are clustered based on distance between sensor node (SN) and base station
(BS). A SN becomes CH based on residual energy and centroid distance. Further PSO is
used to optimize the selected CH. The routes used to send the sensed data from the CH to
the BS are determined based on the GSO technique. The fitness function used in the PSO
and GSO method is based on the residual energy of each SN, distance between each SN,
numberof SNs in a cluster and received signal strength.Heat dissipation of SNs are
directly proportional to the energy consumption of SNs-Higher the heat dissipation; more
the consumption of energy/reduced batter life. Heat map plots depicts heat dissipation of
WSN under various energy conservation techniques.Application/Improvements: The
technique can be extended to heterogeneous sensor network. It can be applied to any
hierarchical or multi hop routing wireless sensor network.

Keywords - Energy dissipation and Network lifetime, Fuzzy C Means clustering,

Glowworm Swarm Optimization, Particle Swarm Optimization.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
7
 A STATE-OF-THE-ART ON POWER QUALITY
ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES: PRESENT
SCENARIO AND FUTURE CHALLENGES

Alok Jain, M.K. Verma

Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, U.P., India

Abstract
Supplying quality power to consumers has been of great concern for power researchers
and utilities since last few decades. Power quality issues include voltage sag/swell
mitigation, harmonics reduction, load balancing, voltage flicker elimination and fault
current limiting. Various control strategies have been suggested in literature for power
quality improvement. Custom power devices have been shown to be quite effective in
power quality enhancement. Research on power quality enhancement has mostly
concentrated on offline studies. Efforts are required to be made in power quality
enhancement of real time systems. In this paper, a survey has been presented on power
quality enhancement techniques in present scenario. The paper also suggests
investigation of role of smart metering and placement of Phasor Measurement Units
(PMUs) for power quality enhancement of real time systems in smart grid architecture

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
8
 AN EFFICIENT LEARNING AND
CLASSIFICATION APPROACH USING PCA, LDA
AND RBF-NN
1
Vinodpuri Rampuri Gosavi, 2Dr. Anil K. Deshmane ,3Dr. Ganesh. S. Sable
1,3 2
G. S. Mandal’s, M.I.T.,Aurangabad J.S.P.M.’s B.I.T., Barshi, Solapur, Maharashtra, India

Abstract
Recognitions through individual’s faces are a part of the biometric software that records
human facial features accurately and stores the information as a print for the recognitions.
The approach usually use machine and deep learning process to associate image in the
digital form in order to authenticate the person's uniqueness. Facebook also uses
recognition procedures to tag personalities in the pictures. Each interval an individual is
labeled in the picture, the proposed techniques projected information about the
characteristics of the faces. But there are some limitation left which deals with the
inaccurate classification rates. So this paper deals with the efficient learning approach
using PCA, LDA and radial bias feed forward neural network which is able to achieve
high facial recognition with less error rate probabilities.

Keywords - Authentications, Recognitions, Classifications, Feature Extractions, PCA,

LDA

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
9
CHALLENGES AND OBSTACLES OF ADOPTING
SLFRS AS THE CONVERGENCE WITH IFRS IN
SRI LANKA
Wasanthi Madurapperuma
Senior Leturer, Sri Lanka

Abstract

This study examines the key actors and their perception of using SLFRS in Sri Lanka.
The focus of this study is mainly on providing evidence of perceptions towards the
implementation of SLFRS, the way financial statements are used, what challenges and
obstacles are encountered and what are the perceived benefits after the adoption of
IFRSs. The study explores the views of internal and external users about the effectiveness
of financial reports and examines the actors’ experience and interpretation of accounting
information and challenges adoption of IFRSs. Empirical evidence has been gathered
through interviews with key individuals in the Implementation of SLFRS. Secondary data
were obtained from public statements, policies and the drafts and comments. The results
found that the use of SLFRS financial information is narrow. A result shows that Users
of SLFRS are facing many obstacles when interpretation of IFRSs mainly due to the lack
of advanced technical understanding. There is an inconsistency in the application of
IFRSs and the inconsistencies in actors’ views about the actual benefits of
IFRSs.Findings of this study suggest that CA Sri Lanka should consider the level of
technical expertise of diverse profession and simplify the SLFRSs.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
10
 FACTORS INFLUENCES FARMERS DESIRE TO
AGRICULTURAL LAND CONVERSION IN
INDONESIA USING STRUCTURAL EQUATION
MODEL ANALYSIS
1
Yogi Makbul, 2SudrajatiRatnaningtyas, 3Pradono
1,2,3
Institute Technology of Bandung

Abstract
The objective of this research is to hold land conversion at near the trans java toll road,
with to know what factors can influence the farmers to convert his farmland. The
research method is surveyed on Gantar and Terisi District in Indramayu Regency, West
Java Province, Indonesia. The sample is 408 farmers from ten farmer groups with cluster
method. The Structural Equation Method (SEM) is used in the statistical analysis. The
dependent variables are a desire to convert his farmland. The independent variables are
three latent variables with 11 observed variables. The latent variables are location,
agricultural environment, and lifestyle perception. The finding of the research, the
independent latent variables that have significant to the farmers who desire to convert his
farmland is the agricultural environment and lifestyle perception. The finding of this
research is unique, and novel compares another research of agricultural conversion land.
The unique and novel is, this research is first; finding the internal factors of why the
farmers convert his farmland. Second, this research is using the quantitative method with
SEM analysis in conversion farmland. The SEM commonly used in management
research. Third, the finding of the research is essential for food security in Indonesia
because of the research in Java Island. Java Island is the most strategic area for rice
production in Indonesia. This area is only 6,8 percent of Indonesian area but produces
more than 50 percent rice production. Rice is the most strategic staple food in Indonesia.
In the future, if most agricultural lands convert to resident and industrial area in north
Java island maybe in the future the food security in Indonesia is only a dream. From the
finding of research to prevent the farmer’s converts his farmland is the program to
improve the agricultural environment and the promotion the better life in the rural
community. The program can hold the farmland convert to non-agricultural land and
maintain food security from impact the developing of trans-java toll road.
Keywords - Agricultural Land Conversion, Food Security, Indonesia, Structural
Equation Model, Trans-Java Toll Road

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
11
 GRAPHENE - AN ALTERNATIVE TO N-SI IN P-I-
N SI QUANTUM DOT SOLAR CELLS
1
Swastika Palit, 2Sam Baskar,3Gargi Raina,4R. Pratibha Nalini
1 2
School of Mechanical and Building Sciences School of Electronics Engineering
Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA

Abstract
Si Quantum Dot (QD) solar cells are promising for enhancing the efficiencies and
Silicon Carbide (SiC) based thin films matrices have greatly attracted researchers on
account of their good mechanical strength, optical and electrical properties. On the other
hand, Graphene is yet another potential material which offers multiple advantages in
electronic applications. In this context, a preliminary attempt on the modelling and
analysis of a p-i-n junction of a solar cell is addressed using MATLAB simulations. The
p layer is crystalline Silicon (c-Si) in all the cases. Owing to the relatively easier
formation of graphene on SiC based thin films than SiO2 or Si3N4, this paper considers
the confining i-layer matrix to be SiC. The characteristics of the novel p-i-n junction
with n-layer replaced by graphene has been studied and compared with the results
obtained on p-i-n junction with traditional n-Si. An increase in the photocurrent and
efficiency is noted while using graphene in the place of n-Si. In order to address the
practical difficulties in the fabrication of such device configurations, the characteristics
of the p-i-n junction with an active i-layer comprising of Silicon carbide matrix
embedded with (a) amorphous silicon nanoclusters, (b) Si QDs, (c) SiC QDs and (d) a
combination of Si and SiC QDs have also been studied and compared. The
photocurrents are calculated for quantum dot diameters ranging from 3 to 8 nm. The
results indicate that the p-Si/Si QD in SiC/graphene configuration is the most suitable
one for efficiency enhancement. Nevertheless, in all the cases, it is observed that the
graphene layer contributes to an increase in the photocurrent and is promising for further
device implementations.

Keywords - MATLAB analysis, Graphene, p-i-n solar cells, Quantum dots, Silicon
carbide based thin films, Photocurrent

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
12
 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A NOVEL IOT
CONTROLLED BIOMIMETIC ROBOTIC FISH
1
Swastika Palit, 2Aylmer Britto R, 3Shreya Sinha, 4Arockia Selvakumar A
1,4 2,3
SMBS, SENSE, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) have a wide range of applications in marine
geosciences and are increasingly being used for search and rescue, health monitoring,
data collection and naval surveillance. In this research, design, fabrication and IOT
control of a robotic fish (Dory) inspired by the carangiform mode of swimming is
proposed. The developed robotic fish has three parts body, abdomen and tail, apart from
that two hinges are provided for the independent motions of the abdomen and tail. The
developed robotic fish uses a gear train for motion transmission. The Prototype of Dory is
done using 3-D printing. A Computational Fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and
analyses of a three-dimensional biomimetic fish-like body is carried out to investigate the
locomotion and flow of fluid around the body of the Dory. The effect of tail oscillation
and abdomen oscillation around fluid flow is studied. The analysis provided by the
unsteady transient simulation of a fish-like body has allowed us to study the flow
surrounding a fish-like body undergoing periodic oscillations and the motion of the tail in
the (x, y) plane has been produced from the simulation. Further, IOT control system is
developed with our own platform using TCP protocol. Specifically, socket programming
in python is used to run the servers and handle the requests. Hence in this way the
security can be increased and it also low cost which can be spent on big IoT platform
vendors. Finally, a comparative study between the experimental and the CFD analysis of
the fish is carried out. Based on the study it is observed that the coefficient of drag
obtained from both the methods are almost same and it is found to be satisfactory. Based
on IOT, the response time varies according to the behavior of the water body and the
degree of turn of robotic fish is found to be dependent on the efficiency of the design.

Keywords -Biomimetics, CFD, carnagiform, robotic fish, socket programming, Internet

of Things (IoT)

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
13
 EXPLORE TOURIST OPINION WITH
SENTIMENT ANALYSIS USING MACHINE
LEARNING METHOD
1
Sri Redjeki, 2Edy Faizal, 3Edi Iskandar3
Lecturer, STMIK AKAKOM, Indonesia

Abstract
Sentiment analysis is the process of identifying opinion or review of a person who is
positive, neutral and negative. Advances in technology have fundamentally changed how
information is produced and consumed by all actors involved in tourism. Tourists can
now access different sources of information, and they can generate their own content and
share their views and experiences. Tourism content shared through social media has
become a very influential information source that impacts tourism in terms of both
reputation and performance. Twitter is one of the online media to capture opinion data.
This research will use sentiment analysis to explore the opinion of the tourists who come
to Yogyakarta. The opinion data were obtained from Twitter's social network based on
queries in Bahasa Indonesia in 2017. Machine learning method that will be used for
sentiment analysis is Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) and Support Vector Machine Method
(SVM). The capabilities of both methods will be compared to see the accuracy of
sentiment analysis results. The classification used is positive, neutral and negative. These
results will be Yogyakarta Tourism Office to be able to improve services to tourists who
will visit in Yogyakarta.

Keyword -Opinion, Machine Learning, Tourist, Sentiment Analysis, Yogyakarta

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
14
 IMPLEMENTATION OF UCD (USER CENTERED
DESIGN) ON COGNITIVE LEARNING
APPLICATION FOR CHILDREN WITH MENTAL
RETARDATION
1
Rahayu Purnamardianti, 2Danang Junaedi, 3Indra LukmanaSardi
1,3 2
School of Computing-Telkom University, Informatics Department, School of Computing-
Telkom University, Information Technology Department, Jl. Telkomunikasi Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract
Children with mental retardation have limitations in terms of learning, so that the speed
of learning is far behind the normal child. To understand a learning material, they need a
repetition of the material. This happens because they have short-term memory capability,
due to abnormalities of the brain, especially in the hippocampus and have mental
retardation characterized by weak intelligence with an IQ of less than 75. Therefore,
Children with mental retardation require a learning method that can help them in
improving their memory. PembelajaranKognitifAnakTunagrahita (PEMKOATU) has
been developed in the form of mobile-based applications so that they can learn aside from
the teacher's learning in the School. The UCD method (User Centered Design) is used as
an approach in designing the application interface that is tailored to the experience and
needs of children with mental retardation, in addition to learning. Based on the results of
usability testing obtained an average of 93.07%, which indicates that the user interface is
generated very well in accordance with user needs.

Keywords- Children with mental retardation, instructional application, mobile-based

applications, UCD (User Centered Design), user interface.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
15
 STUDENT INTEREST IN REPACKAGING
MARTIAL ARTS OF PENCAK SILAT
(CASE STUDIES ON MARTIAL ARTS COLLEGE
WARUGADJATI)
1
Ayuningtyas Y Hapsari, 2Annisa Lisdayanti, 3Vincentia W Widajatun
1,2,3
Widyatama University

Abstract
Pencak Silat is a traditional Indonesian martial art that has become extinct, its existence
now requires special attention from the community, especially the younger generation.
Modern martial arts for example by opening courses in the gym, combining martial arts
with some modern dance movements, martial arts music coupled with modern music
should be able to attract students' attention so they are willing to preserve this cultural
arts. Social media as one of the communication tools often used by students can easily
support the publicity of art and culture of pencak silat. But the reality until now, publicity
ever done by most Pencak Silat College does not generate strong interest among students,
they tend prestige to just watch this martial arts performances. This study distributed
questionnaires to 115 respondents of private university students in Bandung, who had
seen the martial art performance of Pencak Silat. Descriptive and verificative methods
used in this study. This research also uses path analysis, to see how big influence between
modern packing of Pencak Silat martial arts and promotion through social media to
Student Interest to learn pencak silat, this case study will take one of Pencak Silat college
location in Bandung that is Warugadjati.

Keywords - Promotion, Product Quality, Social Media and Consumer Buying Interest

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
16
 FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF CONCRETE
RETROFITTED BY FIBERGLASS REINFORCED
LAMINATING FILM
1
Guillermo O. Bernabe , 2Orlean G. Dela Cruz , 3Joseph Raniel A. Bianes
1,2,3
Polytechnic University of the Philippines – Manila

Abstract

This paper primary purpose was to determine the effects of flexural strength of concrete
retrofitted by fiberglass reinforced laminating film blend materials. A total of twelve
concrete specimens were tested using the Universal Testing Machine to understand the
behavior of the tensile strength and flexural modulus. Those specimens were divided into
four categories with three samples (A) retrofitted with fiberglass chopped strand mat
only, (B) retrofitted with fiberglass chopped strand mat and fiberglass mesh, (C)
retrofitted with fiberglass chopped strand, fiberglass mesh and laminating film blend and
(D) controlled sample. Both experimental and analytical investigations undertaken to
compare with the conventional concrete mix design. Those concrete samples undertaken
curing method that was patterned according to ASTM Standard practice for making and
curing concrete test specimens in the laboratory. The results indicated that flexural
strength of fiberglass mesh reinforced laminating film blend retrofitted concrete increases
as 52.978% fiberglass mesh and chopped strand mat reinforced laminating film blend
retrofitted concrete increases 105.716 % higher than fiberglass reinforced concrete.

Keywords - Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Fiberglass, Laminating Film,

Flexural Strength, and Retrofitting Materials

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
17
 THE DETERMINANT OF GROSS DOMESTIC
PRODUCT IN INDONESIA
1
Arkas Viddy, 2Tandi Kadang, 3Gabriel Gaja Tukan
Politeknik Negeri Samarinda, State Polytechnic of Samarinda, Indonesia

Abstract

The research aims are to create and analize the structural model the effect of economic,
interest rate, and minimm wage on foreign direct investment, non oil export and its
implication to Indonesia economic growth in Indonesia. The variables need to be built
are economic risk, interest rate, minimum wage, foreign direct investment, non oil
export and gross domestic product and it will be supported by the data from 1999 to
2016. The method of this research is multiple regresion analysis which implemented 6
steps of Partial Least Square software instrument to estimate the data. The result proved
that the economic risk, interest rate, and minimum wage have a significant influenced on
foreign direct investment and non export. Other result is economic risk, export and
foreign direct investment have a significant influence on gross domestic product in
Indonesia, while in contrary, the foreign direct investment has an influence on non oil
export in Indonesia, but it is not significant.

Keywords - economic risk, interest rate, minimum wage, foreign direct investment,
export, and gross domestic product

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
18
 INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SOURCES OF
KNOWLEDGE FOR OPEN INNOVATION
MANAGEMENT OF THAI AUTOMOTIVE
INDUSTRY
1
Poramet Eamurai, 2Napaporn Khantanapha, 3Rapeepun Piriyakul
1,2
Graduate School of Business Administration, Southeast Asia University, Bangkok, Thailand,
3
Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand

Abstract
The purpose of this research was to examine and apply the sources of knowledge to
create open innovation of the Thai automotive industry. Data were collected through in-
depth interviews and visits of factories chosen from the selected companies. The results
indicated that the top four sources of knowledge used in the automotive industry were (1)
in-house R&D, (2) joint with customer, which corresponds to the dimension of the new
marketing with a concept of customer co-creation, (3) trial and error, and (4) best
practice. In addition, the research also found that the trial and error mainly created the
best practice and knowledge retention that represents the effectiveness of knowledge
management in terms of knowledge creation and knowledge storing. This article presents
a process of creating new knowledge from old knowledge to support open innovation in
the organization.

Keywords - Sources of Knowledge Open Innovation, Automotive Industry.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
19
 STUDY OF ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES FOR
EXTRACTION OF ECDYSTERONE FROM
LEAVES OF ACHYRANTHES ASPERA LINN
(AGHADA)
1
Suyogkumar V. Taralkar, 2Sujay Chattopadhyay
1
Chemical Engineering Department, MIT Academy of Engineering, Alandi, Pune,
2
India. Polymer and Process Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee,
Saharanpur Campus, U.P., India.

Abstract
Engineering principles of extraction of ecdysterone from leaves of Indian herb
Achyranthes Aspera Linn (Aghada) were investigated in a batch extractor. Methanol,
ethanol, acetonitrile, isopropyl alcohol, petether and water were used as solvents for
extraction to obtain maximum recoverable amount of ecdysterone. Concentration of
extracted ecdysterone was estimated using RP-HPLC with symmetry C-18 column.
Unsteady state diffusion model was applied to predict the time dependent release
behavior. Pore diffusion was considered rate controlling step and diffusivity in methanol
is evaluated as 3010-13 to 5010-12 m2/s. The amount of extracted ecdysteron got
lowered with time and temperature of extraction which was confirmed from the thermal
analysis (TGA/DSC) of pure ecdysterone standard sample.

Keywords - Achyranthes Aspera Linn, Ecdysterone, RP-HPLC, Extraction, Degradation,

Diffusion Model, TGA/DSC

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
20
 COGNIZANCE OF FOREIGN CURRENCY
CHANGING INSTITUTIONS IN CAUAYAN CITY
ON R.A. 9160/ ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING ACT
OF 2001
Ronald B. Isidro Jr.
College Of Business and Management Isabela State University- Cauayan Campus

Abstract
Cauayan City is a reflection of a developing country. As Cauayan City progress in
economic stability, many startup business ventures, and consumers harbor in this locality
to invest, trade and transact their commercial activities. Consumers and budding small
enterprises engage in foreign currency changing institutions as financial resource to
kindle their business activities. One of the sources of finances is foreign currency
changing institutions. However, as the city advance in economic stature, it is but essential
to understand the level of weakness of the city and one aspect is understanding its
awareness to anti money laundering act. Plotting of crimes and terrorism, fraudulent
practices, felonies. They may differ as to the degree of crime, but they all share the same
starting point, that is money laundering. This study examines the money laundering
practices within the Cauayan City, Isabela to determine whether or not money changing
institutions in the city are cooperating fully with regulatory authorities such as the Banco
Sentral ng Pilipinas. The vulnerability of a financial institution to such policy may ignite
unlawful activities that would threaten the well-being of its residents in the city. A survey
was conducted by using a questionnaire for information gathering about the cognizance
of money changing institutions on R.A. 9160 or the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2001.
Frequency, percentage and Likert scale were used. The result of the survey based on the
questionnaire were recorded, tallied and presented. The researcher gathered the highest
weighted mean of 4.94 which is “extremely aware” in the category of employee trainings
while in the category of company policy gained the lowest weighted mean of 4.8 which is
“extremely aware.” Based on the figures, Cauayan City is a prospective investment hub
and lives its selling proposition as a “Smarter City” or “Ideal City of the North” as we
bestow confidence to monetary transactions to foreign currency institutions.

Keywords - money laundering, anti-money laundering act, cognizance, money changing

institutions, foreign currency trading

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
21
 PRICE SENSITIVITY DRIVERS AND ATTITUDE
TOWARD BUNDLING IN CONVERGENT
TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES
Evi Rinawati Simanjuntak
Binus Business School, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
This research aimed to uncover the impact of perceived quality, unique value effect, and
switching cost as price sensitivity drivers, toward intention to buy bundling services in
convergent telecommunication services. Methods: The research is a descriptive research
that measures individual customer’s perception and attitude toward each construct under
study. The unit of analysis is consumer who is interested in convergent
telecommunication services. Data collection used convenience sampling. Pretest on 30
respondents was done to test reliability and validity of measurement items, using
construct reliability and average variance extracted values. 103 usable responses were
analyzed using variance-based SEM to test the hypothesis. Findings: Analysis on
measurement items using pretest sample shows acceptable fit of the measurement model.
Composite construct reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE) for the scales
were calculated and all were above minimum values (CR>0.7, AVE>0.5). Empirical
results support our hypotheses that perceived quality, unique value effect and switching
cost can be used to predict the attitude toward bundling offering, with perceived quality
becomes the strongest driver, followed by switching cost and unique value effect to form
a positive attitude toward bundling (R-square = 0.535). It was also noted that attitude
toward bundling is a good predictor toward intention to purchase pure-bundling offering
(R-square=0.2). The findings are beneficial from both theoretical and managerial points
of view. Firstly, this study provides a deeper understanding on bundling strategy by
taking into account price sensitivity drivers in the model, highlighting pure-bundling
strategy. Secondly, contextual contribution is provided by taking convergent
telecommunication services as a unique context under study. Thirdly, consumer insights
obtained from this research will enable firms to craft their bundling strategy.
Applications: Firms that offer pure-bundling strategy needs to prioritize their effort in
delivering the promised quality and finding ways to reduce switching cost while keep
innovating to provide unique value effect.
Keywords – Price sensitivity, pure-bundling, attitude toward bundling, convergent
services.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
22
 STRONGER CRYPTOGRAPHY FOR EVERY
DEVICE, EVERYWHERE: A SIDE-CHANNEL-
BASED APPROACH TO COLLECTING
VIRTUALLY UNLIMITED ENTROPY IN ANY CPU
JV Roig
Advanced Research Center, Asia Pacific College

Abstract
Generating secure random numbers is a central problem in cryptography that needs a reliable
source of enough computing entropy. Without enough entropy available - meaning no good
source of secure random numbers - a device is susceptible to cryptographic protocol failures
such as weak, factorable, or predictable keys, which lead to various security and privacy
vulnerabilities. In this paper, the author presents a significant improvement: a reliable way
for any CPU-powered device - from the small, simple CPUs in embedded devices, to larger,
more complex CPUs in modern servers - to collect virtually unlimited entropy through side-
channel measurements of trivial CPU operations, making the generation of secure random
numbers a much easier task. Experiment Methodology:An implementation of the proposed
side-channel-based entropy collection technique was created using the C programming
language – in brief, aggregating timing values of micro benchmarks (i.e, trivial CPU
operations such as basic addition looped several times). This was deployed and compiled on
different platforms and CPU architectures, and ran for hundreds of hours total to collect
millions of samples for entropy analysis. Each sample is a distinct runtime measurement of
the same micro benchmark. The entropy in each system is estimated based on frequency
distribution of the unique values collected.Findings:Even in the worst-case of simple, in-
order-execution CPUs found in embedded devices, represented in this study by a Cortex A53
in a Raspberry Pi 3 board, it only takes a few seconds to gather over 256-bits of entropy to
enable strong cryptography. More complex processors, such as from modern Intel CPU
architectures, can collect equivalent entropy in a fraction of a second.Application:Embedded
devices suffering from boot-time entropy hole, as discussed by Heninger et al (2012,
https://factorable.net/paper.html) can now finally solve this problem, for no extra hardware
cost and only a few seconds added to boot-time. This is also applicable even for large
servers, and makes the generation of secure random numbers much simpler, easier to review
and audit, harder to backdoor, and eliminates the need for hardware-based entropy collectors
(NSA tampering concerns, see https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/12/we-
cannot-trust-intel-and-vias-chip-based-crypto-freebsd-developers-say/). In general, this paper
makes generation of secure random numbers, previously a central problem in cryptography, a
much easier task for all types of CPU-powered devices – embedded, network appliances,
mobile, consoles, personal computers, and servers.

Keywords - Cryptography, entropy, secure random number generation, side-channel-based

entropycollection.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
23
 FACTORS’ ANALYSIS OF GOVERNMENT
CLOUD COMPUTING IMPLEMENTATION IN
INDONESIA
1
Rizka Khairunnisa, 2Muhamad Asvial
1,2
Electrical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
Government Institution X is capable of providing cloud computing for all government
agencies in Indonesia. One of services from cloud computing is cloud storage. In
accordance with its duty and in order to succeed E-Government program of Republic
Indonesia, Government Institution X plans to provide government cloud storage as a part
of government cloud computing services. Analyzing what factors that affect cloud
computing implementation is needed to successfully implement it. Modifying framework
from previous study, fourteen sub variables which are incorporated into three factors
were identified and defined from an in-depth analysis. These factors are validated by
experts review. Then a questionnaire survey was deployed to analyze the factors. Using
analytical method of PLS-SEM with SmartPLS 3 software, it is found that all of the
factors: technological, organizational, and environment have a significant effect on cloud
computing implementation. Besides that, network quality is proven to be a new affecting
technological factor.

Keywords - government cloud computing; affecting factors; PLS-SEM

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
24
 GOING NOWHERE, FAST: AN ANALYSIS OF
THE HSTS PRELOAD LIST ENTRIES, GROWTH
RATE, AND INDUSTRY ADOPTION
1
JV Roig, 2Eunice Gatdula
1,2
Advanced Research Center, Asia Pacific College

Abstract
HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security) serves to protect websites from certain attacks by
allowing web servers to inform browsers that only secure HTTPS connections should be
used. However, this still leaves the initial connection unsecured and vulnerable to man-
in-the-middle attacks. The HSTS preload list, now supported by most major browsers, is
an attempt to close this initial vulnerability. In this study, the researchers analyzed the
HSTS preload list to report on the status of its deployment and industry acceptance as of
December 2017. The researchers took 2,000 random samples from the over 40,000
entries of the HSTS preload list. Each of these 2,000 samples (websites / domains that
registered to be included in the HSTS preload list used by most major browsers) were
visited individually categorized according to industry (such as Banking, Finance, Retail,
Education, etc) and region or country of origin. The researchers also gathered a list of top
banks across Asia, and determined whether their websites (especially online banking
services) had the additional protection of being included in the HSTS preload list.Given
that there current estimates put the number of websites to almost 2 billion, with over 200
million unique domain names, having only ~40,000 websites in the preload means that
only a tiny fraction have opted to join the preload list. The random sampling of 2,000
entries also showed an even bleaker picture: majority of these aren’t even working at all
or just prototypes / test websites, or are merely personal or company websites. Sites that
have a real need for the additional protection of HSTS preloading (banks, online retail
services, other financial services) account for a very small percentage of the random
sample. Surveying almost 400 banks across Asia, only 2 of these banking sites have
opted-in to the HSTS preload list. This study shows that the overall benefit of the HSTS
preload list, five years since it launched, is inconsequential due to how limited its
adoption has been despite being free. The researchers conclude this is simply due to the
“opt-in” nature of the preload list. The best industry-wide recommendation this study
shows is to work more aggressively towards the (hopefully near) future where HTTPS
instead of HTTP is the default protocol in all browsers and websites (obsoleting the need
for the HSTS preload). In the shorter-term, conducting more aggressive information
campaigns and exhortations to financial institutions to opt-in to the HSTS preload list for
additional protection against man-in-the-middle attacks may help.

Keywords - HSTS, HSTS preload list, HTTPS, web security, man-in-the-middle

protection

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
25
 DEVELOPERS, PLEASE JUST USE
/DEV/URANDOM: FORTY TERABYTES OF
RANDOMNESS SHOW NO DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN THE LINUX RANDOM DEVICES
/DEV/RANDOM AND /DEV/URANDOM
JV Roig,
Advanced Research Center, Asia Pacific College

Abstract
When it comes to asking for a cryptographically-secure pseudorandom number from Linux,
developers have long been debating whether the best source is /dev/random or /dev/urandom
for various cryptographic or security needs. The Linux manual page does little to solve the
debate; in fact, it did the opposite through scary and mostly misleading language that
persisted for over a decade. While cryptographers have been advising developers to use
/dev/urandom, the random/urandom Linux manual page has long steered developers towards
/dev/random. This paper aims to provide empirical test results meant to help convince
developers to choose /dev/urandom. The researcher produced over 40 terabytes (40,000
gigabytes) of randomness using both the /dev/random and /dev/urandomdevices. The quality
of the produced randomness from either random device was tested using rngtest, a Linux
utility that uses the FIPS 140-2 standard to check the randomness of data using five different
subtests: monobit, poker, runs, long run, and continuous run. The experiment setup used 14
machines, 4 unique Linux kernel versions, and a combined 8,000 hours of processing across
all machines.Consolidated results show that after analyzing over 40 terabytes of randomness,
the output of /dev/random and /dev/urandom are 99.999960071% similar based on
rngtestsuccess rate. The failure mode distribution across subtests also paint an extremely
similar picture: monobittestfailures are 0.01033% (/dev/random) vs 0.01036%
(/dev/urandom), poker test failiures are 0.01010% for both, runs test failures are 0.02996%
for both, long run test failures are 0.02977% (/dev/random) vs 0.02979% (/dev/urandom),
and continuous run test failures are 0.00002% (/dev/random) vs 0.00001% (/dev/urandom).
Cryptographers and experts in the structure of both Linux random devices will not be
surprised, as these are expected results.Theemprical data in this benchmark will help guide
more developers, especially those who need to make decisions regarding cryptography for
security and privacy features in various systems and applications, towards using
/dev/urandom instead of /dev/random. This will provide cryptographers (and other security
experts) with a huge data set to convince developers to ignore a decade’s worth of
misleading information in the Linux random man page, and make the appropriate choice for
a more stable, reliable source of cryptographic randomness.

Keywords- Cryptography; security; Linux random devices; /dev/random; /dev/urandom

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
26
 DEVELOPMENT OF E-BAG WIRELESS
CHARGER FOR GADGETS
1
Remedios G. Ado,2Rolito L. Mahaguay
1,2
College of Engineering, Polytechnic University of the Philippines,
Sta. Mesa Manila, 1016, Philippines

Abstract
Engineers and technologist who go in the fieldwork every day are gadget dependent in
monitoring the status of their projects, during outside team meetings and presentations.
They use different portable devices such as mobile phones, tablets and laptops in the
delivery of their tasks which need electric power sources to operate. This research focused
on the development of readily wearable e-Bag as a way to power portable devices. The
developed wearable e-Bag used the solar panels to generate power for the devices in times
when gadgets are power-deficient. The solar panels collect the solar energy and store it in
a lithium-ion battery inside the bag. The e-Bag was designed in a simple and creative way.
It has wired charging ports to cater phones and devices that are not capable of wireless
charging. A battery meter is provided as charging indicator status. The e-Bag has built-in
battery that can supply 5V and 19 V. The stored voltage and power were calculated using
Ohms Law. It was able to supply 5V and 19V to the devices such as Android, Nokia
Lumia800 cellular phones with built-in wireless module, any modeland brand of laptops
and tablets. The prototype was tested in an indoor and outdoor environment under the
sunny and cloudy weather conditions. Continuous testing was done in two weeks from
nine o’clock in the morning up to four o’clock in the afternoon with two hours’ interval.
The actual temperature ranges from 23° to 32° in the last two weeks of October 2017.

Keywords - solar energy; renewable energy; wearable technology; wireless charger;

portable devices

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
27
 THE ROLE OF INCENTIVE MIX TO PREVENT
MISSION DRIFT IN MICROFINANCE: A
SEQUENTIAL EXPLANATORY STUDY
1
Mohammad Zainuddin, 2Ida Md. Yasin,
1,2
Putra Business School, Universiti Putra Malaysia,43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract
Microfinance institutions are often considered hybrid organizations with ‘double bottom
line’ as they integrate both social and commercial aims in the organizational core. This
joint pursuit of social impact and financial sustainability not only creates tensions and
dilemmas at the institutional level, but also introduces the possibilities of mission drift—
forsaking social mission to achieve profitability. A number of microfinance organizations
have shifted to prioritize their business venture over social welfare in search of increased
revenues. Hence, sustaining commitments to both objectives and countering pressure to
compromise on social mission constitute a key management challenge. Microfinance
managers need to simultaneously demonstrate both social and economic competence. In
addition, the constant involvement and commitment of employees, particularly loan
officers, need to be ensured through appropriate motivation mechanisms. Managers must
adequately maintain and reinforce the motivated workforce through an enriched incentive
mix. In the microfinance sector, the incentive systems set up for employees can
potentially contribute to mission drift. Monetary incentives based on financial criteria
may lead employees to grant excessive loans and push clients into over-indebtedness.
Moreover, prosocial motivation of loan officers can be crowded-out by financial
incentives. The size of the incentives can also have an impact as the crowding-out effect
has been found when the financial incentive is large, and in some cases, when it is small.
However, discarding the financial incentives altogether is not an option as it would not
only make the job less attractive but may also put the growth and sustainability of the
organization at risk. Therefore, a right mix among different categories of incentives,
along with a proper balance between extrinsic and intrinsic incentives, is crucial in order
to prevent the risk of mission drift.This empirical study, which is designed as a sequential
explanatory research, is undertaken to critically examine the incentive schemes
management use to motivate microfinance employees to deal with the social-financial
dilemma. Besides practical significance, the research may potentially contribute to
literatures of both microfinance and employee motivation.

Keywords - Microfinance, Hybrid Organizations, Mission Drift, Incentive Mix

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
28
 AN INTELLIGENT CHILDREN HEALTHCARE
SYSTEM IN THECONTEXT OF INTERNET
OF THINGS
1
Nishargo Nigar, 2Mohammed NazimUddin
1,2
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, 2School of Science, Engineering and
Technology East Delta University, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Abstract
Malnutrition and childhood obesity have already been identified as major public health
concerns. Not being aware of such problems can cause various diseases and eventually
death among children. In the paper, we propose a framework for an intelligent children
healthcare system based on IoT that works as a shield for children against diseases,
monitors progress, tracks records and promotes nutrition through edutainment and
mHealthfeatures. Objectives: In this work, we implemented an IoT-based smart
healthcare system to collect an overall health profile of a child’s nutritional balance
information, calorie intake, mental state and daily activity.Methods:In our method, a
healthcare system is developed among children, parents and health instructors. Proper
lessons regarding nutrition have been enabled with recommendation feature. A child’s
physical activity, heart rate and location are tracked through a wearable device. Chatbot,
alert and notification generation system are designed. We implemented food detectionand
security feature in our system and finally hosted our healthcare apps on AsteroidOS, an
OS for smart watch. We recorded the results with Hadoopand compared them with Naïve
Bayes and Logistic Regression algorithms. Findings: To build up the whole system, we
used various components such as integrated BMI and TDEE calculators, questionnaires,
educational games and sensors. We used smartphone as it contained camera sensor to
ensure our security and food detection capabilities. After analyzing our data, we received
participating children’s activities, attendance rate, nutrition info, real time health issues
and BMI & TDEE updates. We selectedHadoop as our big data analytics platform. Sqoop
is necessary to analyze the data from our local database. A framework called MapReduce
by Hadoop helped us to reduce large chunks of data and turnthem into individual child
health profiles.After considering a few variables, we fed the data into two machine
learning algorithms to detect a child’s overall state. In our experiment, Logistic
Regression performed better. Our findings are unique compared to existing prototypes as
there are limited resources when it comes to children healthcare. Till now, there are just
few static applications available. Improvements: We plan to join our system with
pediatric wards of hospital management systems so thatevenafter discharging a child
patient, doctors can stay connected to convey additional advices.

Keywords - Internet of Things, Big Data Analytics, mHealth, Edutainment

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
29
 ANN BASED GLOBAL SOLAR RADIATION
PREDICTION: A CASE STUDY
1
Tarlochan Kaur, 2Sanjay Kumar, 3Ravneet Kaur, 4Ayush Gera
1,2
Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh, India, Amadeus Research Labs, India

Abstract
The penetration of renewable energy sources in total energy mix worldwide is increasing.
Solar radiations are vital part of renewable energy. Solar radiation data is required for
designing, sizing and performance evaluation of solar PV and thermal systems. Therefore
accurate forecasting of solar radiations assumes large significance. Due to high cost of
measuring instruments, the measured data for solar radiations is not available at many
locations. Traditionally empirical models have been used for locations where measured
solar radiation data is not available. However, these are not accurate alternatively;
Artificial Neural Networks (ANN’s) can be used for predicting solar radiations as they
have the advantage of handling large, complex, non -analytic and non-linear data for
solving mathematically ill defined problems. In this work, ANN has been used to predict
global solar radiation in hilly region (Himachal Pradesh - latitude varying from 30°22’ 40"
N to 33° 12’ 40" N and longitude between 75° 45’ 55" E to 79° 04’ 20" E) of India . The
Himachal Pradesh state comprises of 12 districts. For testing and training of ANN models,
solar radiation data from of 23 Indian cities with different climates has been used. 3
geographical (latitude, altitude, longitude) and 4 meteorological parameters viz. pressure,
air temperature, humidity, and wind speed have been used as input to the ANN models. The
performance of ANN models have been evaluated using Mean Absolute Percentage Error
(MAPE). The ANN having minimum MAPE value (2.39% ) with corresponding MLP
architecture 7/11/1 has been used for estimating solar radiations for all 12 districts of
Himachal Pradesh (H.P.) Solar radiations thus obtained for Hamirpur district of H.P. have
been compared with field measurement data obtained from a Kipp-Zonen Pyranometer
installed at Centre for Energy and Environment, NIT, Hamirpur . The results indicate that
the developed ANN model can predict GSR with good accuracy. Future work includes
generation of solar map of Himachal Pradesh, site selection for solar energy applications.

Keywords - Global Solar radiation, ANN, Prediction

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
30
 GREEN POSTAL SERVICE DESIGN:
INTEGRATINGQUALITY FUNCTION
DEPLOYMENT FROMCUSTOMER
PERSPECTIVES
1
Vadivel S.M, 2A.H.Sequeira
1 2
Research Scholar, Professor , National Institute of Technology Karnataka,
School of Management, Surathkal, India

Abstract

There is an important and urge to incorporate green service design principles to the public
postal service facilities. This paper aims to develop a model to study the quality function
deployment (QFD) concept and technique to be implemented in postal service operations.
It aims to support the green postal service design by identifying the customer factors
(queries) that affect service quality design / dimensions. Failure mode effect analysis
(FMEA), SWOT analysis has been done as a case study in one of the Indian postal
service, to understand how the postal service can strategically sustainable for the next few
decades. The postal service has a wide network of logistics to serve the customers
throughout the country. Lean service concept focusing on inbound logistics by improving
operational and financial performances by eliminating wastes. This research develops
QFD tools for green postal service quality designs known as House of green quality
service design (HGQSD).

Keywords - Quality function deployment (QFD), House of green quality service design
(HGQSD), Lean Service, Failure mode effect analysis (FMEA), SWOT analysis,
Customer satisfaction

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
31
 DOMESTIC WASTEWATER ANALYSES AND
DESIGN CONSIDERATION OF A TREATMENT
UNIT IN SRINAGAR, J&K, INDIA
1
Misbah Bashir, 2Mohammad Jamal Alhaj
1,2
Department of Civil Engineering, Lovely Professional University, India

Abstract
The writing of various part of household sewage is voluminous. Local wastewater is one
of the major ecological issues of Srinagar city. There is no appropriate path for the
transfer of local wastewater.The amount of domestic wastewater is increasing day by day
due to the simultaneous effect of population growth, urbanization and modern sanitation
facilities. Srinagar is having the population of 12.03 lacs, that means approximately
130MLD of domestic wastewater is generated, most of which is untreated and liquidated
directly or indirectly into the indigenous water bodies. This comprehensive review is
done to compile the current scenario of domestic wastewater and its disposal techniques
with the help of survey. As per the random survey conducted via questionnaires of 551
households, approximately 75% people are aware of wastewater treatment, yet none of
the household is having the facility of sewage treatment plant (Zone 1 & Zone 2). Either
Septic Tanks are used (63.58%) or joined toilets to storm water drains are used (36.42%).
Moreover, 93.38% of the local households have witnessed water-borne diseases (Cholera,
Typhoid, Diarrhoea, Amebiasis etc.) in one way or another. As per the various physio-
chemical and biological tests conducted on local water bodies, it highly advocates that
proper disposal of domestic wastewater has to be done as soon as possible and that can be
only achieved by a definite technique. Thus, the available information pooled together in
the present review suggests that there is a need of proper domestic sewage treatment
plant in the city.

Keywords - Wastewater, Septic Tanks, Water-borne disease, Sewage Treatment Plant

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
32
 ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT ON
EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT IN HEALTH CARE
SECTOR - A CASE STUDY APPROACH
1
Vrinda V Nair, 2Dr. Shikha Ojha, 3Dr. Balanagarajan
1,3 2
Assistant Professor, School of Management, Presidency University, Bangalore, Faculty, CMS
Business School, Jain University, Bangalore

Abstract
Employee Engagement in any organization comes from a psychological connect to the
work. The psychological contract of the employees makes a determinant factor in work
place productivity and efficiency. Objectives: Employee Engagement is vital for
organizational success. This study analyzes employee’s engagement level, the role of
psychological contract on level engagement in the organization and measures to augment
the same. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: This study is a case study on Olive Life sciences
Pvt Ltd, a health care organization located in Bangalore, India. .The sample size for the
study was 56 employees working in the organization. (UWES) Work Engagement was
used to measure Vigor, Absorption, and Dedication at work. Psychological Contract
Scale, (Millard and Hopkins, 1998, Rousseau, 1995) was used to measure the relational
and transactional contract that exists between the employee and the employer. Findings:
Data Analysis conducted to measure the engagement level of the employees it was found
that more than 50% of the employees are moderately engaged and the rest are falling
under the category of highly engaged or dis engaged. It was found that there is
absorption, vigor and dedication at work place most people felt that time flies when at
work, they feel strong and vigorous and find the job meaningful. It was found that the
organization focus on providing training opportunities, flexi time option, and job
assignments that enhance the career opportunities which enhances the psychological
contract with the organization. The employees are not bound to the organization due to
work contract and monetary benefits are not the factor that binds them to the
organization. Few concerns which came up was related to assistance in relocation,
concern on personal welfare. Regression analysis was conducted to ascertain the
relationship between the work engagement and psychological contract. It was found that
there is significant relationship existing between psychological contract and employee
engagement. Applications/Improvements: This study ascertains that organization should
envisage their human resource policies relating to personal welfare and benefits to
improve engagement levels for better results and high performance among the
employees.
Keywords - Employee Engagement, Psychological Contract, Health Care, Performance

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
33
 THE IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON
FIRM’S NET PROFIT
1
Pavinee Na Srito,2Napaporn Khantanapha,3Rapeepun Piriyakul3
1 2
Graduate School of Business Administration, Southeast Asia University, Director of DBA
3
Program, Graduate School, Southeast Asia University, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng ,
University, BKK, Thailand

Abstract
This research was aimed at investigating the cost sources of intellectual capital and the
problems of costing system in creating intellectual assets, interpretation to bring the
accounting figures, and analysis of business benefits from intellectual assets. Data were
collected by interviewing those responsible for preparing the selected companies’
financial statements and by analyzing the real cost. The results show that there were four
types of hidden costs of intellectual assets that did not appear in the financial statements:
(1) informal training, (2) access cost via the Internet, (3) knowledge acquisition from
customer and partner network, and (4) informal training as seminal cost. Our study has
found that the cost of knowledge creation from the Internet, knowledge acquisition,
formal training, and informal training were significantly to the firm's net profit.

Keywords – Intangible assets, intellectual assets, intellectual capital, research and

development, hidden costs

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
34
 CORPORATE IMAGE MANAGEMENT AT THE
DOWNSTREAM
1
Sunisa Dokmaipum, 2Napaporn Khantanapha, 3Rapeepun Piriyakul
1 2
Graduate School of Business Administration, Director of DBA Program, Graduate School of
3
Business Administration, Corresponding Author, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng
University, Bangkok, Thailand

Abstract
This research was aimed at investigating the composition of the retail store's image in
terms of environment, shop management and products including the store staff’s ability
to manage their convenience stores to meet customer needs. The samples were ten
convenience stores. The composition and characteristics of each retail store were
observed in terms of their external and internal environments, the atmosphere, products,
and staff in order to perform a qualitative analysis of their symbolic and functional
images and a quantitative analysis by scoring on each component. Data were then
analyzed by descriptive statistics. Using the K-Mean method, these stores were divided
into two groups, i.e. good stores and improvement-needed stores. The exploratory factor
analysis found that the corporate image management at the downstream can be classified
into two factors: storefront management and product and customer management.

Keywords - Downstream, Corporate Image, Store Image, Exploratory Factor Analysis

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
35
 CRUMB RUBBER TIRE AND LAHAR SAND AS
FINE AGGREGATES IN ASPHALT
1
Manuel M. Muhi ,2Kenneth Bryan M. Tana , 3Orlean G. Dela Cruz
1,2,3
Polytechnic University of the Philippines –Manila

Abstract
This paper focused on the results of an experimental investigation performed to evaluate
the mechanical properties of asphalt mixture in which fine aggregate (sand) was partially
replaced by crumb rubber tire and lahar sand from the eruption of Mount Pinatubo. This
study involves fifteen (15) asphalt mix designs having asphalt content based on the
controlled mix. All laboratory tests were under the American Society for Testing and
Materials and DPWH Design Standard for Marshall Criteria. The amount of crumb
rubber tire varies from 1%, 3% and 5% for each mix while the Lahar Sand varies from
10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. Each Mix Design has three (3) batches to have a reliable
and discreet data and result. Out of fifteen mixes, the asphalt mix with 20% of lahar sand
and 1% of crumb rubber tire as a partial substitute of fine aggregate, 37% of natural fine
sand, 42% of coarse aggregate, and 5.07% asphalt binder (Penetration grade 60/70)
satisfied all the Marshall Design Criteria. It is recommended to undergo more tests like
wet and dry compressive strength, index retained strength, and dynamic stability (wheel
tracking), and a field exposure.

Keywords - Polytechnic University of the Philippines, lahar sand, crumb rubber tire,
mechanical properties, asphalt, fine aggregates

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
36
 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A HYBRID
PHOTOBIOREACTOR FOR BIOMASS
PRODUCTION OF SPIRULINA PLATENSIS
SPECIES
1
Pedrito M. Tenerife Jr., 2Arvin R. De La Cruz, 3Jan Lennard A.
Augusto,4Tracey C. Cabacaba,5Ann Maekylah N. Paiton,
6
Mary Margarette L. Velasquez
1,2,3,4,5,6
Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Abstract
Microalgae, an organism that can grow in fresh, salt, brackish and waste water, provides
promising capabilities to act as catalyst for variety of chemical and valuable agent to
produce different commodities. Similar to plants, it consumes Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and
yield oxygen during its photosynthetic stage. Nowadays, microalgae have attracted much
interest in terms of its potentials for production of biofuel, cosmetic additive, food
supplement, fish feed, and in agriculture. In order to further improve the potentials of
microalgae for biomass production, a Hybrid Photobioreactor for Spirulina Platensis Sp.
is developed for Polytechnic University of the Philippines-Institute of Science and
Technology Research (PUP-ISTR). A hybrid photobioreactor was designed and
developed by combining the tubular and helical structure design. An airlift mechanism is
added that uses an air pump for the inoculum’s circulation. In this paper, Spirulina
platensis species was used to test the photobioreactor’s efficiency.The device can also
monitor the current state of the inoculum’s power of hydrogen (pH) level and
temperature to determine whether the specie’s condition is within its optimal state
through a microcontroller.A Light Emitting Diode (RGB LED) strips was also installed
in the photobioreactor as light source for the microalgae’s photosynthetic stage. The
researchers used Zarrouk’s medium in cultivating the microalgae. Data are saved in a
micro secure digital card for retrieval and analysis. A sample of 5 mL is taken every day
to be tested on a UV-1800 spectrophotometer to measure the sample inoculum’s optical
density. The validity of the data that the researchers observed proved to be acceptable
through Linear Regression. The structural design supports the other modules such as the
light, circulation and sensors which results to a more effective culturing process. The
designed circulation using an airlift system was proven to be effective of the culture
medium. The clumping of microalgae was prevented and the distribution of nutrients and
light was optimized. The biomass production of Spirulina platensis by PUP-ISTR was
increased through the photobioreactor.
Keywords - Algae culture, Biomass, Inoculum, Microalgae, Photobioreactor.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
37
A SIMPLE CATTLE’S MONITORING SYSTEM ON
TRADITIONAL FARMING USING WIRELESS
SENSOR NETWORK IN TIMOR ISLAND
INDONESIA
1
Deddy barnabaslasfeto, 2Tuti setyorini, 3Yohan a. A. Lada
1,2,3
State Polytechnic of Kupang, Indonesia

Abstract
An Extensive traditional of cattle farming systemis an ever-present phenomenon in Timor
island, East Nusa Tenggara Province of Indonesia. The massive extensive traditional
farming systems is inseparable from the still existence of the concept of the triangle of
life, which in the local Timorese language is: Mansian-Muit-Nasi, nabua (harmonious
relationship between human-livestock-forest) that is still entrenched.extension. However,
this model has another side that can be detrimental to forest cover because it affects the
slow growth of forest biophysics. Another negative impact is that cattles owners are
unable to control and monitor cattle released in the forest so there are many cases of theft,
in addition to health conditions of cattle that can not be monitored. Reducing the
environmental impact of cattle can be assisted by monitoring their behaviorand
correlating it with environmental information to determine optimal management
intervention strategies. We proposed a technology based sensor and GPS information is
expected to find the behavior of cattle during grazing, ie drinking, grazing, walking or
running, so that the daily movement of cattles will be found in the field or forest. The
process of temperature sensors and GPS to get the actual physical value of cattles as
movement or activity of cattles and the temperature of cattle is very fundamental for the
success of this monitoring system analysis. The use of wireless sensor network-based
informatics techniques can be done with two models ie by using WiFi transmission or
any combination with satellite or remote sensing, and its monitoring system can be
connected with the internet by website monitoring.

Keywords- Extensive traditional farming system, cattle, monitoring, wireless sensor

network, GPS, website

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
38
 FUZZY INDUCED COUNTER PROPAGATION
NEURAL NETWORK (FCPN) FOR THE
CONTROL OF REACTIVE DISTILLATION
COLUMN
1
Vandana Sakhre, 2Sanjeev Jain, 3Uday P Singh
1 2
Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Dubai, UAE, Sri Mata Vaishno Devi
3
University, Jammu, India, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science, Gwalior, India

Abstract
Reactive distillation is a combination of reaction and separation in a single column. It is
beneficial for the reversible reactions in which equilibrium limits the conversion. This
process is economical as two processes occurring simultaneously. But this combination
makes it highly nonlinear and interacting in nature. In this research work, neural network
based soft sensor as intelligent controller is designed and implemented to enhance the
performance of reactive distillation column. Fuzzy competitive learning (FCL) based
counter propagation neural network is developed for propyl propionate reactive
distillation column. Dynamical mathematical models are developed and considered for
simulation study. Simulation is performed in MATLAB environment using MATLAB
(2013b). In case of propyl propionate reactive distillation column, temperature profile of
the column is used as secondary process variable. This temperature profile is controlled
by manipulating the two feed flow rates to control product composition. Two sensitive
tray temperatures by manipulating two feed flow rates are identified using gain analysis.
These two sensitive tray temperatures are controlled using two PID controllers. The
response of the PID controllers shows sluggish behavior and thus these PID controllers
are then replace by (FCL based Counter Propagation Neural Network (FCPN) controller.
Two more intelligent controllers namely; Dynamic Network (DN) and Back Propagation
Neural Network (BPN) are also trained and tested in place of conventional PID
controllers. All these controllers i.e. FCPN, DN & BPN are then compared and it is found
from the result that FCPN gives superior performance.

Keywords-Control, Fuzzy Learning, Neural Network, Reactive Distillation

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
39
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
OF BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY
1
Edmundo C. Tungol, Ed.D, 2Sherrilyn B. Quintos, Ed.D.,
3
Cynthia M. Ronquillo, MAED
1,3 2 1,2,3
Associate Professor, Assistant Professor, Bataan Peninsula State University

Abstract
The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the Human Resource Development
Program (HRDP) of the five (5) campuses of the Bataan Peninsula State University. The
respondents were composed of one hundred ninety six (196) teaching personnel and two
hundred forty five (245) non-teaching personnel. The respondents were chosen regardless
of their tenure in the university. A modified questionnaire was used as the main
instrument in data gathering. The data gathered were analyzed using statistical software
IBM-SPSS Statistics version 21. This study made use of non-probability convenience
sampling. On the basis of the data gathered after which were analyzed and interpreted,
the findings revealed that there were significant differences in the status of the HRD
program in terms of working hours, leave privileges, condition of employment,
complaints and grievances, employee benefits and separation. However, a no significant
differences in the perception of the respondents in terms of employment status, time
monitoring, training and development, code of conduct and salary structure were
revealed. With this, the following were recommended: the school management must
conduct a review, revision or updating of policies, rules and regulations of their HR
program for effective and efficient delivery of services to employees.; a benchmarking
activity on HR management and practices is encouraged and the human.

Keywords- human resource, education, school management

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
40
 WORD CLOUD OF ONLINE HOTEL REVIEW
FOR CUSTOMER SATISFACTION ANALYSIS: A
COMPARISON BETWEEN THAILAND AND
MYANMAR
1
Vimolboon Cherpanukorn, 2Jirawit Yanchinda, 3Korawan Sangkakorn
College of Art Media and Technology, Chiang Mai University
239 Huaykaew Rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai,Thailand

Abstract
This study aims to examine thesatisfied and unsatisfied of hotel customers by utilizing a
wordcloud approach to evaluate online reviews by comparing between developing and
least developed countries; using Thailand and Myanmar as a case
study.Methods/Statistical analysis:The qualitative research approach was employed to
determine the important factors of customer positively satisfy for hotel business from a
customers’ perspective. The sample group was selected totally of 20 hotels, the top 10
most popular hotels from Chiang Mai city, Thailand and Mandalay region, Myanmar that
were rated by TripAdvisor.com. All online guest reviews were analyzed by using Opinion
Mining and Word cloud techniques to study the aspects of customer satisfaction and
dissatisfaction.Findings: The results present that some key factorsof hotel guest
satisfaction based on their positive and negativecomments from hotel samples of each
country rivaled similarly. Satisfied customers were mostly considered onthe equipment in
room,hotel decoration, staffs’ service qualityand other additional of hotel’s service and
facilities. Moreover, all pervious components may dissatisfyhotel customers if they are
not deliver professionally. Also, itshould be mentioned that problems of the Internet and
WIFI signal are impacted to customer satisfaction level.Furthermore, it can be concluded
that either the hotels in developing or least developed country, the factors that influence
on guests’ satisfaction level are not different. To improve customer satisfaction level,
hoteliers should focus on these five following aspects; 1) hotel environment and facilities,
2) room amenities and decoration, 3) staff service skills, 4) Restaurants with authentic
local cuisine and 5) the Internet service. However, to ensure the research validity, the
further study may increase more sample size of the participant and expand to other type
of accommodation businesses.Application/Improvements: This study presents the
important factors for hoteliers to increase their customer satisfaction level. The online
guests’ reviews were analysis without bias by applying the sentimental mining and word
cloud techniques.

Keywords - Customer satisfaction, online review, hotel, Thailand, Myanmar, word could

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
41
 EFFECTS OF SINTERING TEMPERATUREON
SUPERELASTIC PROPERTIES OF NiTiCu SHAPE
MEMORY ALLOY USING NANOINDENTATION
1
C. Velmurugan, 2V. Senthilkumar
1 2
Ph.D., Research Scholar, Associate Professor
Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology,
Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract
To evaluate the influences of sintering temperature on super elasticity and mechanical
characteristics of NiTiCu shape memory alloy at different loads.Methods:Pure nickel (Ni,
~37-40 µm), titanium (Ti, ~44-47 µm) and copper (Cu, ~45-50 µm) elemental powders
werealloyed using high energy planetary ball mill to make it asNi40Ti50Cu10. The
blended powder elements were compacted into a solid of ~15 mm diameter using spark
plasma sintering equipment at different temperatures (700, 800 and 9000C).
Nanoindentation experiments were directed on NiTiCu using Nano-Triboindenterat
different loads (100, 300 and 500 mN).Findings:The load and depth (P-h) curves were
plotted for all conditions which can be used to extract the data for calculating the
mechanical characteristics such as hardness (H), reduced elastic modulus (Er), depth and
work recovery ratios (η% and ηw) and stiffness (S). Experimental results showed that
the maximum superelasticity behavior exhibited by NiTiCuwhensintered at the highest
temperature (9000C) with low indentation load (100mN). NiTiCu SMA revealed a
supreme indentation hardness of 9.46 GPa at the highest sintering temperature (9000C).
In contrast, the stiffness between the specimen and indenter increased with decreasing the
sintering temperature which is influenced by the slope (dP/dh) of unloading curve at the
maximum load. It also found that a maximum reduced elastic modulus of 149.02 GPa in
the NiTiCu sintered at 9000C indented with 100 mN. Improvements:The superelastic and
mechanical characteristics of NiTiCu SMA can be augmented with the increase of
sintering temperature associated with lessening the indentation load.

Keywords - NiTiCu, shape memory alloy, nanoindentation, hardness, stiffness,

superelasticity

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
42
 FACTORS AFFECTING CITIZENS’ INTENTION
TO USE OF E-GOVERNMENT SERVICES
IN INDIA
Dr.Jaya Iyer
Asst.Professor(IT), K.JSomaiya Institute of Management Studies & Research,
Vidyanagar,Vidyavihar, Mumbai, INDIA.

Abstract
The innovation of ICT has tremendous power promises to various government and
private bodies to give its best services without leaving any fringe of doubts about its
efficiency in its operation. IT is changing rapidly, and it is almost essential for the
government to use the IT services in an effective way to provide hassle-free services to
the citizen’s. The aim of this research is to propose holistic theoretical framework, which
identify the factors affecting citizens’ intention to use e-Government services in India.
There is lot of studies existing in the field of e-Government adoption in developed
countries, but very few studies are available in Indian context. Methods / Statistical
analysis:To test the research model for this study, a survey was conducted. A
questionnaire was designed to gather the necessary information. The survey questionnaire
was distributed among a total of 750 respondents. A total of 550 responses were
collected, out of which 498 were usable responses were obtained and used for all the
analysis. The total responses rate in this research was (66.4%).Suitable statistical analysis
tools (SPSS) were used to analyze the data. Findings: This study identified factors
contributing for citizen intention to use e-Government system from various e-government
adoption literatures. This study identified ten independent variables namely perceived
ease of use, perceived usefulness, security, website quality, computer anxiety, computer
self-efficacy, personalization, familiarity, local language and perceived risk and one
dependent variable i.e., intention to use. The citizens’ perspective model with ten
independent variables records 55.8% of the variance towards the dependent variable –
intention to use e-government system. The analysis registers the factor computer self-
efficacy is the first and for most important predictor for intention to use e-government
system in India.This study also recognizes the contribution made by the citizens’
demographic variables like age, gender, income and education which are influencing
towards intention to use e-government system. Demographic variables like income and
education are the more contributing towards intention to use the e-government system,
whereas age and gender have no difference in intention to use the e-government system.
Application / Improvements: The findings from the research study will definitely give a
clear set of objectives for the government for structuring various guidelines for
implementing the e-Government system in public utility service sectors. If government
focuses more attention on well-defined strategies to maximize the usage of the online
system, it will create a great impact upon the minds of the citizen to move forward and
interact with the online system.
Keywords - E-Government, intention to use, familiarity, local language, citizens’
perspective

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
43
 CUSTOMER ACCEPTANCE OF MOBILE
PAYMENT SYSTEMS: CONTINUOUS INTENTION
AND SATISFACTION FRAMEWORK
Sindhu Singh
Asst.Professor(IT), K.JSomaiya Institute of Management Studies & Research,
Vidyanagar,Vidyavihar, Mumbai, INDIA.

Abstract
The high penetration of smartphones and the advancements in the mobile network has
increased the volume of mobile payment transactions. The objective formulated for the
current study is to identify the various factors leading the continuous intention of using
mobile payments and to develop and propose a model explainingthe continuous intention
to use mobile payment systems which leads to customer satisfaction.Initial acceptance of
mobile payments has studied extensively in past studies but limited studies are there to
understand the continuous intention to use mobile payment systems.Methods / Statistical
analysis:The theoretical constructs used in this studywere measured using the validated
multi-item scales from prior research.The present study used the quantitative data
collection method by employing a structured questionnaire to collect responses from the
mobile payment system users. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed in which
270 filled questionnaires were collectedfrom mobile payment users from Mumbai city in
India. PLS-SEMwas used with SmartPLS 3 software to test the theoretical model
proposed in this study.Findings: The model comprises seven constructs, namely,
performance expectancy, effort expectancy, perceived security, trust, compatibility,
continuance intention,and satisfaction. The model also describes the relationship between
performance expectancy and effort expectancy, as well as that between perceived security
and trust. The research model found to be statistically significant predicting intention to
use mobile payment systems. The proposed theoretical model explained 71.2 percent of
the variance in continuance intention to adopt mobile payment systems and 65.6 percent
of the variance in satisfaction. The relationship between effort expectancy and
performance expectancy explained 63.5% variance whereas perceived security and trust
explained 43.9% variance.This study uncovered that trust, compatibility, and effort
expectancy, in their order of influencing power, were the factors influenced the
customer's to adopt mobile payment systems.The study also found thatthe trust had a
stronger influence on continuous intention to use mobile payment systems than all other
variables in the study.Meanwhile, the study found that performance expectancy and
perceived security did not play a salient role in predicting continuous intention to use
mobile payment systems.Application / Improvements: The results obtained will help both
academic researchers and practitioners of technology adoption to explain, understand,
and elucidate the status of mobile payment market and to formulate strategies to expedite
the use of mobile payment in both emerging and developed markets.

Keywords -mobile payment, continuance intention, satisfaction, trust, effort expectancy

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
44
 UTILIZATION OF SUGAR PALM WOOD WASTE
FOR FUCTIONAL PRODUCT IN
INTERIOR SPACE
Lisa Levina K Jonatan
Maranatha Christian University

Abstract
Understanding the importance of the life cycle of the design for which they are intended
is as equally important as the material choice- it’s the way the materials are used that
will significantly change an ordinary design into a sustainable one. Recently, the
availability of timber to meet the needs of the market is increasingly reduced. Finding
another potential substitution material which is acceptable in the market needs while
maintaining ecological balance. Utilization sugar palm wood waste could be one of the
solutions for this issue. Indonesia is one of the largest producers of sugar palm in the
world which also have abundantly availability waste per year are 8,640 cubic meter per
central palm sugar factory. This potential of waste can be used as renewable home
decoration products because of it have hardness like a timber, have a high aesthetic value
performance and enviromentally friendly.

Keywords - sugar palm wood waste, material substitution, sustainable, renewable, home
decoration

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
45
 ASSESSING THE IMPACT OFCONTEXTUAL
ANTECEDENTSONINDIVIDUAL
ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND
INTENTIONS: AN SEM APPROACH
1
Swagatika Sahoo, 2Dr Rajeev Kumar Panda,
1
Doctoral Scholar, 2Associate Professor
School of Management, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha (India)

Abstract
This studyexplores the effect ofthecontextual antecedents onentrepreneurial orientation of
university graduates which in turn affects their entrepreneurial intentions. Our study is an
innovative approach to empirically validate theentrepreneurial orientation construct at
individual level whichhasbeen studied at organisation/firm level till date.Methods:This
exploratory study is designed to assess the impact of contextual antecedents (access to
finance, access to business information, social networks and university support) on
entrepreneurial orientation which is theperceptual driver affecting students’ entrepreneurial
intention. Primary data was collected through aquestionnaire consisting of scales adapted
from the extant literature and tested in this study, from 516 engineering graduates across two
technical universitiesin India. The reliability and validity measures of the constructs are
validated through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and the proposed hypotheses are
validated using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Findings:Past research has examined
the concept of entrepreneurial orientation affecting performance and success at thefirm level
and has been extensively studied both theoretically and empirically. However, to our
knowledge, anegligible attempt has been made to study the role of entrepreneurial orientation
at theindividual level to adopt and succeed in an entrepreneurial career. The results of our
study indicate that the contextual antecedents have significant positive impact on students’
entrepreneurial orientation, which in turn has a significant positive relationship with
entrepreneurial intentions. Moreover, this study validates the central role of perceptual
drivers thus contradicting many past studies, which have advocated in favour of the direct
influence of contextual antecedentson the behavioural intentions neglecting the cognitive and
affective process leading to thedevelopment of such intentions.Thus, the results of this study
empirically validate the significance of entrepreneurial orientation as a perceptual driver and
substantiates thatavailability of resources such as; start-up capital, business information,
social capital and supportive university context significantlyaffects an individual’s
orientation to venture into an otherwise uncertain occupation of
entrepreneurship.Implication/Application:The study has a likely potential to help university
administrators and policymakers, to develop strategies and effective policies that may
provide the desired contextual support essential for fostering the entrepreneurial orientation
of the university students towards entrepreneurship thereby assisting them to achieve their
career goals and broader objective of nation-building.
Keywords - Contextual factors, Entrepreneurial intentions, Entrepreneurial orientation,
Technical university students in India, University support

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
46
 HIGH-SPEED DIESEL-SPRAY
CINEMATOGRAPHY AT ELEVATED PRESSURE

P. Sphicas
Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University

Abstract
Fuel atomization and dispersion phenomena depend heavily on the ambient pressure and
temperature. So in this work, to study diesel sprays, an electrically heated, constant
volume, pressurized vessel was designed and manufactured. The controlling electronics
and software were developed and tested to ensure safe and precise operation. A
commercial six-hole automotive Diesel injector was used. Spray tip penetration and cone
angle have extensively been used to qualify fuel dispersion and these parameters were
quantified in this work using a high speed shadowgraph technique. It was observed that
the temporal spray tip-penetration did not follow a time-square-foot law.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
47
DETERMINATION OF SPINNABILITY BY MEANS
OF VISCOSITY, REFRACTIVE INDEX AND
WEIGHT LOSS AS AN INDEPENDENT MONITOR
TO SPIN ALUMINA FIBRES BY CENTRIFUGAL
SPINNING
1
N. Thamarai Selvi, 2Parag Bhargava
Particulate Materials Lab, Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Department
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India

Abstract
The present work involves in the synthesis of alumina fibres of 10-15 µm dia. and few
mm length by centrifugal spinning. Alumina precursor sol (APS) was prepared using
nitrate precursor and aluminium powder. APS was aged to various time intervals (0-7
hrs.) in order todetermine the spinnable viscosity. The sols aged to different timings had
viscosities of 0.4 Pa.s, 8 Pa.s, 13 Pa.s, 21 Pa.s and 42 Pa.s. Spinnability of sol was
checked by hand drawing the viscous sol with a glass rod. The sol was spun in an in-
house centrifugal spinning machine to form fibres.From sol viscosity, refractive index
and weight loss with aging time data of alumina precursor sol it was found thatviscosity
increased with aging time due to water removal as expected. Change in refractive index
of the aged sols closely followed the changes in viscosity of the sols and thus could be
used for a quick independent evaluation of spinnability of APS. Percent weight loss
associated with each aging time has also been measured and again can be used as an
independent monitor of spinnability of APS. The sols with viscosity in the range of 8 –
42 Pa.s, refractive index between 1.42 – 1.52 and weight loss between 40 – 60 % were
spinnable. Further increase in sol viscosity with longer aging times made them
unspinnable. Unspinnable sol along with improper rpm forms droplets, beads and shots
which are undesirable (Fig. 1 (a) and (b)). Fig. 2 (a) represents the image of fibre mat
which was produced from spinnable sol and Fig. 2 (b) SEM image of alumina fibre
sintered at 1600°C for 3 hours respectively.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
48
 CONTRIBUTIONS OF AUTHOR FOR
AUTHORSHIP: A LITERATURE REVIEW
1
Winda AnestyaAyunda, 2Cahyo Trianggoro,
3
Nurida MaulidiaRahma, 4Ambar Yoganingrum
1,2,3
Center for Documentation and Information, Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Jalan Gatot Subroto 10. Jakarta. Indonesia

Abstract
Authors, who eligible to be given credits in a paper becomes a critical issue in Indonesia.
Actually, what are kinds of author contributions in a multi-authored publication
especially in a journal paper? This paper aims to propose kinds of contribution of authors
for authorship in Indonesian multi-authored journal paper. The research questions are
what kinds of contribution of author for authorship? What are the kinds of contributions
should be considered for authorship in Indonesian scientific publication? We conducted
literature review by collecting journal paper from Scopus. A total of 12 English journal
papers are selected and analyzed by reading carefully. We proposed three category of
author contributions namely (1) huge/strong contribution, consist of concept and design
study, collection and assembly data, analysis and interpretation data, drafting and writing
manuscript, critical revision of article and final approval of the article (2) significantly
contribution, consist of Literature review, review the article, and acquisition of data (3)
equally contribution, consist of guarantor of integrity of the entire study, technical
support, and appropriately investigated and resolved. Next research we will measure
empirically the list of criteria of author contributions proposed.

Keywords - author contributions, scientific publication, journal paper, Indonesia

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
49
 CONTRIBUTION OF INDONESIAN
RESEARCHERS IN INTERNATIONAL MULTI-
AUTHORED BIODIVERSITY PUBLICATION
1
Cahyo Trianggoro, 2Winda WindaAnestyaAyunda,
3
Nurida Maulidia Rahma, 4Ambar Yoganingrum
1,2,3,4
Center for Documentation and Information. Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Jalan Gatot Subroto 10. Jakarta. Indonesia

Abstract

Indonesia collaborates with several countries worldwide to conduct researches on local

biodiversity. This research aims to identify the contribution of Indonesian researchers to
international multi-authored publication. This paper focuses on finding out the countries
which conducting the highest number of publication and collaborating with the local
researchers. We collected data from Scopus from the first publication to 2017. We
employed descriptive statistics analysis with following work order, firstly we analyzed
the ten countries with the highest total publication then we identified following indicators
for each countries: total publications with at least one local author, total publication with
local first author, total publication with single local author, total publications with at least
one local author cited, total publications with local first author cited, and total
publications with local single author cited. We also compare among the indicators. The
result shows among others US is a country, who has the highest number of publication;
collaboration between Indonesia and Japan provide the highest number of publication
with at least one local researcher and the local researchers are the first author; and
collaboration between Indonesia and Australia as well as Indonesia and United Kingdom
produce single local author publications. The benefit of this research is showing
preliminary information about countries, which transfer the most knowledge to the local
researchers.
Keywords- Biodiversity, collaboration research, multi-authored publication, Indonesia

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
50
 HOUSE AS LIFE CYCLE SPACE IN BETAWI
CULTURE, KAMPUNG SETU BABAKAN
1
Marchelia Lunggaer, 2Antony Sihombing
1,2
Universitas Indonesia, Faculty of Engineering, Department Architecture

Abstract

Betawi is the ethnic who claimed as the origin of Jakarta with many cultural activity.
Betawi is the result of a mixture of many ethnic groups that produce their own culture.
Until today, Betawis mostly live in the kampung which is also a place of cultural
development and identity. The example of existing kampungBetawi is SetuBabakan.
They inherit culture to the next generation which is by way of traditional ceremonies at
every level of life cycle. Whether the architectural space that is the means of culture
affect the citizens in living their lives and what changes have occurred? It is important to
understand space of life cycle ceremonies. Life cycle is connection with cultural
ceremonies, so in this topic I will explain the connectivity between kampung as a
development space of Betawis living and life cycle as a culture, to understand how they
treat their own space in kampung as their house and connectivity with each other and the
modification during time.

Keywords - Kampung, life cycle, culture, space, house

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
51
 APPLICATION OF DATA ENVELOPMENT
ANALYSIS ON PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
OF CONSTRUCTION: A CASE STUDY OF
AIRFIELD PROJECTS
1
Chien-Liang Lin, 2Ching-Lung Fan
1,2
Department of Construction Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and
2
Technology, Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University
of Science and Technology & Department of Civil Engineering,
the Republic of China Military Academy

Abstract
Performance evaluation is a management method that measures the achievement of
objectives.To evaluate the production efficiency of construction projects,facilitate
effective project management, and enhance project performance, this study used data
envelopment analysis (DEA) to measure the production efficiency of airfield construction
projects. A total of 17 airfield construction projects in the Public Construction Bidding
Management System were selected for evaluation.Performance indicators included
progress, budget implementation efficiency, defect frequency, inspection scores, and five
quality indicators. The results showed that, to effectively enhance the performance of the
12 projects that were deemed inefficient, on average the defect frequency must be
lowered by 54.76% and both the progress and budget implementation efficiency
increased by 10.33%. Therefore, the DEA evaluation model can help project managers
determine which inputs and outputs to improve, and how to allocate resources for optimal
project performance and efficiency.

Keywords - data envelopment analysis, effective production frontier, performance

evaluation, quality indicators.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
52
 DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE AGE OF
INDUSTRY 4.0: ACCELERATION OF
TRANSFORMATIONAL PERFORMANCE
THROUGH BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION
AND CO-CREATION STRATEGY IN
INDONESIA ICT FIRM
1
Leonardus W Wasono M, 2Elidjen, 3Firdaus Alamsjah, 4Sasmoko
1,2,3,4
School of Management, BINUS Business School,
Bina Nusantara University, West Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
Industry 4.0 has significant impact in accelerating the firm performance across industries.
This paper aims to discuss how the ICT firm could manage the transformational performance
by integrating the business model innovation and co-creation strategy. The construction
model of Transformational Performance and Co-creation strategy is expected to contribute to
theory of performance and co-creation. Both of literature based on Indonesia ICT
phenomenon. Indonesia ICT Industry has gained attention to be studied since it is one of the
emerging markets that has the unique market characteristics. It has numerous opportunities
but lack with the digital infrastructure. The digital transformation is required to assure the
firm could sustain their business. Measurement of the succeed in implementing
transformation is one of key success factor. The construction of transformational
performance variable is driven from theory of quality management, balance score card and
digital maturity. This construct could contribute as a reference model for tracking
transformational firm performance. In digital transformation and disruptive era, business
model and co-creation are key factors to drive performance. Business model innovation
through collaboration and partnership, called as co-creation is the integrated strategy to
perform in the market. In order to elaborate model, we develop prototype using 35 samples
of Indonesia ICT Firm senior leader. The statistical used to analyze through Partial Least
Square (PLS). The finding shows that firms transformational performance is significantly
influenced by business model innovation and co-creation strategy. Further finding shows that
in digital transformation, the all core capability could not be fulfilled by firm, it requires the
collaboration and it could be created crowd-sourced. Our selected examples are only
prototypical of research model and our implications are limited to their particular context.
Ultimately, our research model requires further research and validation. However, our work
allows us to develop further research and testing.
Keywords — Transformational Performance, Co-creation strategy, Business Model
Innovation, industry 4.0.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
53
 INCLUSIVE BUSINESS MANAGEMENT FOR
SUPPORTING A COMMUNITY ECONOMY IN
BANGKOK AREA
1
Sobchoke Na Srito, 2Napaporn Khantanapha, 3Rapeepun Piriyakul
1,2 3
Graduate School, Southeast Asia University, BKK,Thailand, Faculty of Science,
Ramkhamhaeng , University, BKK, Thailand

Abstract

This research was aimed at investigating the inclusive business management to support
community economy in Bangkok area and at analyzing the problems, obstacles, and
expectations of entrepreneurs within the area. Data were collected through interviews
with small entrepreneurs and hawkers, including government agency, i.e. Phranakhon
District Office. According to the research results, as the inclusive businesses under the
government policy, the government agency must set policies and strategies for
entrepreneurs as well as establish facilities, business strategies, and economic
development plan in the area, including financial support, to support an inclusive
community economy.

Keywords – Inclusive business (IB), bottom of the pyramid (BoP), public project,
entrepreneur, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), small and micro community
enterprise (SMCE), micro enterprises (MEs), community network

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
54


STRATEGIES FOR SURVIVAL OF THE

PUBLISHING BUSINESSES
1
Supot Rattanapun, 2Napaporn Khantanapha, 3Rapepun Piriyakul
1,2
Graduate School, Southeast Asia University, Bangkok, Thailand,
3
Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand

Abstract
This research was aimed at investigating core business, supplement business, strategies,
business performance, and survival trend in the publishing businesses by using secondary
data from four publishing businesses registered in the Stock Exchange of Thailand.
According to the data analysis, the business performance of these publishing businesses
decreased continuously and they still maintained their original business model, i.e. content
creation, but they changed from paper-based communication channels to digital media to
increase their income from advertising and product sales. For the overall publishing
business strategies for survival, they used integrated directional strategies. In the first
phase, the growth strategy was involved with both vertical and horizontal concentrations. In
the second phase, the growth strategy was involved with both concentric and conglomerate
diversifications. In the third phase, the growth strategy was involved with horizontal
growth and stability through profit and retrenchment strategies (turnaround and
divestment). In the last phase, the growth strategy was involved with vertical concentration.
These publishing businesses were likely to grow into television, digital publishing, printing
contract, packaging and design.

Keywords – Business Publishing, Concentration Growth, Diversification Growth,

Stability, Retrenchment

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
55
 FACE RECOGNITION BASED ON LOCAL
BINARY PATTERN-DEEP BELIEF NETWORK
1
K.Naga Prakash, 2K.PrasanthiJasmime, 3K.Rasool Reddy
1,3
Gudlavalleru Engineering College, Gudlavalleru, Andhra Pradesh, India,
2
ALIET, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract

Face recognition is still a challenging issue especially across the non-uniform motion
blur, illumination and pose. There are several approaches are available for face
recognition in that deep learning approaches are most popular. The DBN is an
efficient deep learning method to extract the features from face image. However, in
face recognition local features plays a prominent role to recognize the faces but DBN
usually ignore the local features. To overcome these problems we propose a Local
Binary Pattern (LBP-DBN) approach. The LBP is used to extract the local features.
The features extracted from LBP are feed to DBN and then obtain final network
model for recognition. The proposed method is carried out on a standard face
recognition datasets like AT&T. From the experimental results, we can say that the
proposed method gives better performance compared to other state-of-art techniques.

Keywords - DBN, Face Recognition, Illumination, LBP, Pose

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
56


KAMPUNG INHABITANT ECONOMIC AND

SOCIAL LIFE IMPROVEMENT AS A RESULT OF
INSERTING CREATIVITY
1
Sharfina Nur Dini, 2Antony Sihombing
1,2
Architecture, Universitas Indonesia

Abstract
This paper study about thematic kampung in Semarang that is a government project to
overcome poverty, social, and economic problem in the city that majority was caused by
middle class housing. This research was analyzed using some method, such as literature
study, site visit to Kampung Batik, Kampung Pelangi, and Kampung Jawi in Semarang that
has different location, contour, and culture, interview with kampung inhabitants,
documentation, and architectural sketch. Data collection was based on literature study that
studying about kampung as a part of the city, site morphology, kampung typology,
inhabitant relation with their dwelling place, and creativity in kampung that affect the
inhabitant social and economic life. This study finds that creativity changes in kampung
affect inhabitant happiness caused by their kampung transformation that becoming more
beautiful and comfortable. Tourists that come into inhabitant kampung make them more
aware about their kampung. They keep kampung cleanliness and continue to make
improvement of their kampung. Kampung creativity also can raise inhabitant economic
value by bringing tourist into the kampung. Based on this study, this paper suggests that
inhabitant kampung needs to keep their kampung cleanliness and creativity as time
changes. Government also needs to help the kampung inhabitant by making kampung
improvement project and giving donation and support based on inhabitant needs.

Keywords - creative kampung, thematic kampung, social interaction, economic value

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
57
 WHY PEOPLE STILL SMOKING?
(A CASE STUDY ABOUT THE PEOPLE OF
BANDUNG WHO CHOOSE HEALTHY
LIFESTYLE)
1
Galuh Boga Kuswara , 2Tezza Adriansyah Anwar ,
3
Ayuningtyas Yuli Hapsari
1,2,3
Widyatama University

Abstract
People of Bandung more than 50% are active smoker, therefore, many government and
non-government programs are promoting trend of healthy lifestyle by socializing the
impact of the health hazards of cigarettes. Starting from the trend of health lifestyle
people of Bandung began to look for activities that are interesting and accessible sports,
fitness is one of a choose of many people in Bandung, especially in one Gym in Bandung.
The gym is open at the end of 2014 and it has attracted a lot of attention among the
young, because the place are interesting to come and can be reached by the middle class
or above. However, reversed as the times progressed did not affect by the smoking habit
for most of the people who became consumers in one of those Gym. Interesting to
became a research, because people who have a high insight about smoking and adopt a
healthy lifestyle tend to keep deciding to smoke in their spare time. This study was
conducted to obtain the results of knowledge analysis and healthy lifestyle of one of the
Gym consumers in Bandung in determining its decision to keep smoking. The research
method used is descriptive analysis method verifikatif. From the results of research
known that consumer decisions in one of Bandung's Gym is influenced by the consumer's
knowledge about cigarettes with quite strong, while a healthy lifestyle strongly influence
the decision of the people who became consumers in one of the Gym to keep smoking.

Keywords - People Knowledge, Lifestyle and Purchase Decision

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
58
 ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE DESIGN USING
ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE PLANNING (EAP)
BASED ON THE ZACHMAN’S FRAMEWORK
APPROACH
1
Hari Supriyadi ST.,M.Kom
1
Information System, University of Widyatama, Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract
Information Technology Organization of an enterprise must have a framework of
guidelines for the development of information system and adequate documentation of the
systems and technology, so that further information could be given to devising a
comprehensive and integrated system. Enterprise architecture is a conceptual blueprint
that defines the structure and operation of an organization. There are numbers of
processes or methodologies that can be used in the development of enterprise architecture
products, one of them is an Enterprise Architecture Planning (Enterprise Architecture
Planning/EAP) based on the Zachman’s framework. Enterprise Architecture Planning is a
compilation consisting of the following business model documents, IRC documents, data
architecture applications, Data architecture blueprints, architectural blueprints, and the
roadmap plan technology of Enterprise Architecture Planning.

Keywords - Enterprise architecture, Zachman’s framework, Enterprise Architecture

Planning (EAP), the blueprint of information systems, data architecture, application
architecture, technology architecture, roadmap implementation plan, private company

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
59
 USE OF INFORMATION SECURITY SYSTEM
WITH BIOMETRIC DATA
1
Ucu Nugraha1, 2Tezza Adriansyah Anwar, 3Parlindungan
1,2,3
Widyatama University

Abstract
An information security system is currently an important moment in which all different
devices and computer devices can be mutually excited and can exchange data without the
use of human intervention for its connectivity or often called Machine to Machine
communication (M2M), information systems can be said to be a combination of
computers that produce an informative output, the purpose of security itself is how we
safeguard the protection of a data confidentiality, Integrity, and data availability factor
itself. Currently the security of information systems is still in the form of policies and
regulations that are still procedural, such as setting system permissions, currently, most
security on the structure of the system is still a password and hardware security by
relying on computer networks, communications and back up data. Security systems are
still vulnerable to increasingly sophisticated hacker attacks and theft of devices that result
in the loss of important data, the risk of security itself can be a physical attack on the
system of access to workers through a password system that easily hacked by virus or
trojan. The above problem can be solved by the use of biometric identification system,
biometric itself in Greek means bios which means life and metron that means measuring,
biometric data can be interpreted the process of recognizing human beings through nature
and body shape. The introduction of authentication can include face recognition,
fingerprint, hand recognition, iris and DNA, the computer system will process the
biometric data into a unique binary number pattern that will be integrated with computer
vision and machine learning So that access rights and information settings become more
secure because biometric data cannot be Missing or forgotten, authenticity is guaranteed
and will be difficult to duplicate.

Keywords - Data security, Biometric, Computer Vision, Machine Learning

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
60
 TIME-VARYING DEMAND MODEL FOR
SHUTTLE BUS SERVICE IN A CAMPUS
1
Rattaphol Pueboobpaphan, 2Maytarvut Seehamart,
3
Suthatip Pueboobpaphan
School of Transportation Engineering, Suranaree
University of Technology, Thailand

Abstract
This research developed the model to estimate time-varying demand for shuttle bus
service in Suranaree University of Technology in order to schedule and operate bus
services dynamically to match with such demand. Methods/Statistical analysis: We
collected data of shuttle bus demand by observing the number of passengers boarding,
alighting, and remaining on the bus at all bus stops in the campus and developed
statistical model to relate demand for every 15 minutes with factors about students’ time
table. Bus stops wereclassified and grouped into 2 zones based on their geographical
location. Three statistical models, namely Multiple linear regression, Poisson regression,
and Negative Binomial regression were developed and compared. Findings: The models
were separately developed for the 2 zones. The first zonegroups all bus stops that are
close to students’ dormitories. The second zonecovers bus stops in the other areas such as
study buildings, laboratory buildings, library, bus terminal, commercial areas, etc. The
dependent variables are the number of bus passengers every 15 minutes while the
independent variables were taken from the database about students’ enrollment in that
semester. We found that Negative Binomial model is the best model in terms of
estimation accuracy and bus service demands are different between the two zones. The
bus service demand in the dormitory zone for any 15-minute period depends on whether
that period is before the change of the lecture hour and whether the coming lecture hour
has high number of students enrolled in.The demand in the second zone depends on
whether that period is right after the end of the lecture hour with high number of students
enrolled in. Application/Improvements: At the beginning of each semester, bus services
can be scheduled efficiently with different frequencies during the day once the
information about students’ enrolment is obtained.
Keywords - Bus, Demand, Time-varying, Multiple Linear Regression, Poisson
Regression, Negative Binomial Regression

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
61
 MODEL-BASED DESIGN OF IOT/WSN NODES:
HARDWARE ABSTRACTION
LAYER
Supachai Vorapojpisut
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand

Abstract
This paper addresses the implementation of device driver blocks to be used in model-
based design of embedded software using MATLAB/Simulink. Device driver blocks are
model components that abstract the hardware-level behaviors for simulation and code
generation purpose. After implementation issues related to IoT/WSN nodes are
discussed, a formulation of device driver blocks is proposed for the time-triggered
architecture of the Simulink environment. To assure model determinism involving
hardware operations, the balance equation is discussed and generalized for the proposed
formulation. Finally, an example of design patterns is discussed for the modeling of the
serial communication with the XBee module.

Keywords - model-based design, Simulink, hardware abstraction layer, device driver

block, design pattern

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
62
 AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF
EXCHANGE RATE BEHAVIOUR AND
MACROECONOMIC FUNDAMENTALS IN A
VECM FRAMEWORK: THE CASE OF INDIAN
RUPEE/ US DOLLAR
1
Vaishali Padake , 2Bhargavi Karamcheti, 3T. Geetha

Abstract
The study develops an augmented version of the monetary model to estimate and forecast
INR/USD using Vector Error Correction (VEC) technique. The augmented model uses
macroeconomic fundamentals to establish the presence of long run relationship between
the exchange rate and macroeconomic variables such as relative money supply, relative
output, relative interest rates, relative expected inflation, relative trade balance, net
capital flows and intervention. The study conducted series of diagnostic tests like
Augmented–Dickey Fuller (ADF), Phillips–Perron (PP) and Kwiatkowski, Phillips,
Schmidt, and Shin (KPSS) test to check for the stationarity properties of the data. To
assess the cointegration among the variables, Johansen-Juselius test was conducted.
Finally the predictive ability of the estimated VEC model was examined by assessing
out-of sample forecasting performance. The RMSE of the augmented model was
compared to that of the random walk model to test which model outperforms the other.
The findings support the long run relationship between the exchange rate and the
macroeconomic variables. The forecast evaluation revealed that the augmented model
beats the random walk model. Our study contributes to the existing scant literature on the
study of exchange rate behavior with macro-economic fundamental in the Indian
Context. This can immensely help foreign exchange market players to plan their strategy
to minimize the risk emerging from the exchange rate fluctuations.

Keywords - INR/USD exchange Rate, Macroeconomic variables, Cointegration, VECM,

Predictive ability

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
63
 EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF
TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES IN
SOUTHEAST ASIA USING STOCHASTIC
FRONTIER ANALYSIS (SFA) METHOD
1
Riko Hendrawan, 2Gayuh Titis P
1,2
Telkom University

Abstract
Telecommunication business in Southeast Asia is still a promising business; this is
evidenced by the growth in revenue of telecommunications operators in Southeast Asia
from the period 2008 to 2017 continues to show improvement. Revenue increase for
telecommunication operators was not accompanied by a sound financial ratio growth, it
was shown that the growth of the Net Profit Margin, EBITDA and EBIT financial ratio
from 2008 to 2017 showed a decline. With this phenomenon, it is important for
telecommunications companies to maintain the efficiency of the company. This study
aims to analyze the efficiency of telecommunications companies and find out the
variables of efficiency of telecommunications companies in Southeast Asia for the period
2008-2017 involving 14 telecommunications operators. This efficiency research is carried
out using the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) method which regresses input, output
and environmental variables. From the results of these studies indicate that Telkomsel is a
company with the highest efficiency value of 0.984. There are seven telecommunication
operators that have efficiency values above average (above 0.689), such as Telkomsel,
AIS, Maxis, Smart, Cellcom, DiGi and Dtac and there are seven operators with efficiency
values below the average efficiency in Southeast Asia.

Keywords - Efficiency, Southeast Asia, Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA),

Telecommunication Industry

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
64
 STOCK VALUATION USING FREE CASH FLOW
TO FIRM AND RELATIVE VALUATION IN
TELECOMMUNICATION LISTED COMPANIES
IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
1
Riko Hendrawan, 2Muhamad Syafiurrofiq
1,2
Telkom University

Abstract
The objective of this research is to estimate the fairness of stock price of
telecommunication companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. This research uses
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) method with Free Cash Flow to Firm approach and
Relative Valuation method with Price to Book Value and Price to Earning Ratio
approach. This study uses three scenarios, namely pessimistic scenario (average industry
condition), moderate scenario (most likely condition) and optimistic scenario (above
industrial growth condition). Furthermore, the data is processed using historical data from
2008 to 2017. Historical data is used as the projection base year 2018 – 2022.
The results show that by using DCF method in pessimistic scenario that intrinsic value of
TLKM was overvalued, intrinsic value of ISAT was overvalued, and intrinsic value of
EXCL was overvalued. In moderate scenario, intrinsic value of TLKM was overvalued,
intrinsic value of ISAT was overvalued, and intrinsic value of EXCL was overvalued. In
optimistic scenario, intrinsic value of TLKM was overvalued, intrinsic valued of ISAT
was overvalued, and intrinsic value of EXCL was overvalued. Using the Relative
Valuation Method with Price to Earning Ratio (PER) approach, in pessimistic scenario,
intrinsic value of TLKM was 8,12 times, intrinsic value of ISAT was 4,70 times, and
intrinsic value of EXCL was 9,55 times. In moderate scenario, intrinsic value of TLKM
was 9,11 times , intrinsic value of ISAT was 5,46 times, and intrinsic value of EXCL was
9,92 times. In optimistic scenario, intrinsic value of TLKM was 10,37 times, intrinsic
value of ISAT was 6,51 times, and intrinsic value of EXCL was 10,31 times. Using the
Relative Valuation Method with Price Book Value (PBV) approach, in pessimistic
scenario, intrinsic value of TLKM was 2,44 times , intrinsic value of ISAT was 0,98
times, and intrinsic value of EXCL was 1,12 times. In moderate scenario, intrinsic value
of TLKM was 2,74 times, intrinsic value of ISAT was 1,15 times, and intrinsic value of
EXCL was 1,17 times. In optimistic scenario, intrinsic value of TLKM was 3,11 times,
intrinsic value of ISAT was 1,37 times, and intrinsic value of EXCL was 1,21 times.

Keywords - Valuation; Discounted Cash Flow; Intrinsic Value; Relative Valuation;

Telecommunication

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
65


THE SELF-EMPLOYMENT AS AN
OWNER-MANAGER: THE CHALLENGES AND
OPPORTUNITIES OF ECONOMIC SHARING
PARADIGM
1
Arphaporn Jongwiriya jaroenchai, 2Napaporn Khantanapha,
3
Rapeepun Piriyakul
1,2
Graduate School of Business Administration, Southeast Asia University,
3
Bangkok, Thailand, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand

Abstract
Technological change leads to a clear management innovation that provides benefits to all
sectors, i.e. sharing economy, especially in the view of executives and entrepreneurs who
have joined the network. This research therefore chose a sharing transport business, Grab
Taxi, as a pilot study to investigate barriers and problems in Thailand in order to lead to the
creation of sustainable business. This study was aimed at examining the expectations of
entrepreneurs in the Grab Taxi network in terms of their perceptions of management,
relationship, and fairness in benefits. From quantitative questionnaires and in-depth
interviews conducted with these Grab Taxi entrepreneurs, the fairness of management and
the freedom of profession affected their trust of working in the Grab Taxi network through
self-regulation as a central factor. The interviews indicated that most of them joined the
network due to independent profession that can generate income from their own ability as
well as due to good management of fairness.

Keywords - Sharing Economy, Grab taxi, Entrepreneur.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
66
 WIND LOAD ESTIMATION BY PEAK GUST
METHOD AND ASSESSMENT OF TRACTIVE
EFFORT FOR MOBILE VEHICLE ASSEMBLY
STRUCTURE
1
GuvvalaSaiHamsitha Reddy, 2Dr. R. Ashokan,
3
Shri. K N V S N Kumar
1,3 2
SDSC SHAR, ISRO,Nellore, India, Hindustan University,Chennai, India

Abstract
There are different types of loads acting on the structure like Dead Load, Live Load,
Wind Load, Seismic Load, Gravity Load etc. The aerodynamic force is the one which
will be governing and dominant force in the open terrain and for large structures. The
mobile vehicle assembly structure is a kind of structure which is having large surface area
due to its large size attracting more wind load. In this project a study is taken up to
estimate the quantity of wind force acting on the structure using peak gust method which
is given in IS875 Part-3:2015 Code. As per the Indian standards the assessment is made
and the calculations are presented. The different conditions from functionality point are
considered in the estimation. The conditions like when the structure is in closed or open
are taken up. The wind will be acting in different directions and hence force on the
structure due to wind when acting in different directions is estimated and are tabulated.
The pressure Co-efficient method given in Indian Standard Code is adopted in estimation
of the Wind loads. The estimations are made for both cyclonic condition and operational
wind condition. Apart from the assessment of Wind loads, the tractive force required to
move the structure on its wheels is also estimated. The static friction and rolling friction
for wheel on rails and steel to steel metal is taken from the literature available and
computations are made. From the above effort, the power requirement to move the
structure is assessed and presented here.

Keywords -wind loads, tractive fore, pressure co-efficient, Indian standard code.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
67
 PENSION SYSTEM IN INDONESIA:
ISSUES, EXPECTATIONS AND OPTIMUM
SOLUTION
1
Ahmad Irsan A. Moeis, 2Nachrowi DjalalNachrowi,
3
Aris Ananta, 4Vid Adrison
1
Universitas Indonesia and Ministry of Finance, Republic of Indonesia,
2,3,4
Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia

Abstract
This study attempts to find an optimum design for the Indonesian pension system that
considers both the benefit of the elderlies and its fiscal impact. We use Indonesian case
because the current pension system only covers civil servant retirees (including police
and military), while leaving others – which contribute a significant share of the elderly
population - uncovered. However, government argued that pension system created fiscal
burden. In contrast, OECD (2015) concluded pension benefit in Indonesia cannot be
modelled and Indonesia is country without safety net. This issue generates two questions:
“Why pension system financing can harm government’s budget in Indonesia?” and “Can
pension system in Indonesia be modelled?” This study is conducted through four steps
research methods. First is scrutinizing the existing pension system in Indonesia and
analyze it based on Esping-Andersen’ s welfare state models. The second is running an
online survey to gather public expectation on pension system. The third is developing a
theoretical model to derive an optimum pension system. Then, the fourth is simulating
the theoretical model by using factual data in Indonesia. The results inform that the
current pension system in Indonesia is similar to a liberal welfare state model, then it
should not be burdened state’s budget. A simulation based on the theoretical model finds
that an optimum pension system can maximize retirement income adequacy and
coverage, then minimize the fiscal burden as well.

Keywords - optimum solution; pension system; retirement income; welfare state models

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
68


STUDY OF CHARACTERISTIC LAND

SUBSIDENCE ON MARINE CLAY COMPARING
TO COMPRESSIBILITY INDEX AND PORE
WATER PRESSURE CHANGES IN COASTAL
AREAS OF NORTHERN JAKARTA
1
L.E. Hutabarat, 2T. Ilyas, 3W.A. Prakoso
1 2,3
Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Universitas Indonesia

Abstract
The coastal areas like Northern Jakarta are developing so fast. This area is formed by some
marine layers which have high compressibility as sedimentary soil. Land subsidence can
occur due to several factors, such as load of building, excessive groundwater exploitation
and normally consolidation process. A significant level of land subsidence in the coastal
areas of Jakarta can lead to failure of building structures built on marine clay. So, study of
marine compressibility index comparing to pore water pressure dissipation needs to be
done using field instrumentation located in Kamal area of Norhern Jakarta and laboratory
tests. The results of this study are the correlation between the level of marine clay
compressibility index and the change of pore water pressure and land subsidence
measured.

Keywords- marine clay, land subsidence, compressibility index, pore water pressure
dissipation.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
69


STUDY OF CORRELATION AND IMPACT OF

SELF HELP GROUPS ON SAVINGS OF MEMBERS
1
Dr.Divya Gangwar, 2Ritu Singh
1,2
Dr Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology and Management New Delhi,
BBD University, Lucknow

Abstract

Self Help Groups are used as a means by the government, NGOs and others, worldwide to
reach the target group and enhance their involvement in the welfare activities, thereby,
improving the rate of success and impact of the benefit scheme. The concept which may be
termed as a miniature form of Cooperative society is now catching up in India. Thousands
of the poor and the marginalized population in India are building their lives, their families
and their society through Self help groups. Self-help Groups have been playing
considerable role in ensuring availability of low cost finance, skill training, infrastructure
development, marketing and technology support etc, thereby, impacting the life of the
members through improved communication skill, self confidence, and saving pattern of
SHG members per month. It has also impacted the involvement in politics and community
action, improved social harmony and social justice, and reduced the case of defaults on
loans. A study has been made on the impact of self help groups in the Awadh Region of
Uttar Pradesh. The Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh consist cities and districts of Sitapur ,
Farrukhabad , Hardoi , Lucknow , Kannauj , Barabanki , Unnao , Raebareili , Etawah ,
Auraiya , Kanpur Nagar and Kanpur Dehat. It has been noticed that self-help groups
(SHGs) made a significant impact on their empowerment both in social and economic
aspects in Uttar Pradesh. The main aim of this paper is to examine the correlation and
impact of Self-help Group on the savings in Socio-economic development of Awadh region
of Uttar Pradesh. This paper makes a strong case for Microfinance through SHGs as a
poverty-alleviation tool to break the vicious cycle of poverty.

Keywords - Poor, Self-Help Group, Microfinance, Correlation, Awadh

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
70
 COMMON BASE CONCEPTS OF THE 1ST – THE
3RD ORDER ENTITY WORDNET OF ENGLISH-
THAI- VIETNAMESE-LAO-CAMBODIAN-
BAHASA-FILIPINO- BURMESE LANGUAGES
FOR INTERNET USAGE
PanornuangSudasna Na Ayudhya
BansomdejchaoprayaRajabhat University

Abstract
Common base concepts of the 1st – the 3rd order entity WordNet of English-Thai-
Vietnamese-Lao-Cambodian- Bahasa-Filipino- Burmese Languages for Internet Usage
was aimed 1. To examine the translation equivalent pairs of common base concept in
English-Thai-Vietnamese-Lao-Cambodian-Bahasa-Filipino languages and 2. To develop
the translation equivalence WordNet of English-Thai-Vietnamese-Lao-Cambodian-
Bahasa-Filipino-Burmese Languages of common base concepts for internet usage. The
research methodology consists of the procedure of bi-directional translation to examine
translation equivalent pairs of common base concepts of the 1st – the 3rd order entity
words in English-Thai- Vietnamese-Lao-Cambodian- Bahasa-Filipino- Burmese
languages, the procedure of expanded approach and focus groups conducted in related
expertise to develop selected translation equivalent pairs of common base concepts of the
1st – the 3rd order entity WordNet for internet usage, and the procedure of users’
satisfaction towards the developed WordNet for internet usage. The results revealed that
there are 1556 selected translation equivalent pairs of common base concepts of the 1st –
the 3rd order entity of English-Thai- Vietnamese-Lao-Cambodian- Bahasa-Filipino-
Burmese languages included in WordNet. The developed WordNet is the implementation
of linguistic methodology as bi-directional translation to select the translation equivalent
pairs in the development of multiple languages translation databases of major languages
used in Southeast Asia Region. This method can be used to further development of
multiple language translation databases in order to prove that the selected translation
pairs are translation equivalent.
Keywords - component; WordNet; translation equivalent; common base concepts;
multiple languages

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
71


DOES SCHEDULED ACCELERATION ON

WEEKENDS WORSEN LABOR PRODUCTIVITY?
LESSONS LEARNED FROM TAIWAN
1
Chien-Liang Lin, 2Yu Che Lai
1,2
Dept. of Construction Engineering,
National Kaohsiung First Univ. of Science and Technology

Abstract

Accelerating a schedule by over manning and scheduled overtime is ubiquitous in the

construction industry. However, evaluating efficiency is a common challenge for industry
practitioners because of intricate work sequences and tight schedules. Most previous
research has revealed that labor efficiency deteriorates with the increase of days worked
per week, especially for 6 and 7 days per week, but this may not apply to countries with
lower labor costs and longer working hours. Moreover, some of the factors that influence
the efficiency of acceleration are still unknown and worthy of further discussion. This
study investigates the efficiency of acceleration from three cases of construction project.
Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was utilized to examine work hours as the input and
the physical quantity of completed work as the output. Inefficiency was not found on
Saturdays because workers’ preference for higher pay rather than a day of rest. In addition,
better efficiency was measured on Sundays because the effect of less congestion
significantly offset the inefficiency of overtime. The results can assist industry
practitioners in allocating human resources appropriately.

Keywords- Acceleration, over manning, Overtime, Construction labor productivity, Data

Envelopment Analysis.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
72
DECOMPOSITION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION
AND DECOUPLING ANALYSIS IN THE
INDONESIAN INDUSTRY: AN ANALYSIS OF
GREEN INDUSTRY
1
Zaekhan,2Nachrowi D. Nachrowi,
3
AndiFahmiLubis,4WidyonoSoetjipto
1,2,3,4
Universitas Indonesia

Abstract
Energy efficiency is vital in maintaining competitiveness and reducing the
environmental impact of industrial activities with rising energy costs and climate change
concerns. This study aims to identify ways that efficiently reduce the energy
consumption of the industrial sector and determine which sub-sectors have the greatest
potential to reduce energy consumption. We use the Logarithmic Mean Decomposition
index (LMDI) method to measure the impact of the various driving forces of energy
consumption originating from the industrial sector during the period 2010-2014. We then
apply the index decoupling to analyze the correlation between energy consumption and
industrial growth. The findings indicate that industrial growth is a major driver of energy
consumption, while reductions in energy intensity and industrial structure play an
important role in limiting energy consumption. The energy intensity remains stable even
though energy consumption increases over time. In addition, energy consumption and
energy intensity follow different patterns in each sub-sector; we therefore conclude that
the application of different sub-sector policies is preferred over global policies. Globally,
decoupling has not been identified during the period 2010-2014, however, decoupling
occurs for more detailed year periods. The novelty of this study is the use of the index
decoupling to analyze energy consumption with industry growth. This study focuses on
energy consumption of industrial sub-sectors.

Keywords - Energy consumption; Industry; Decomposition; LMDI; Decoupling

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
73
 PRODUCTIVITY SPILLOVER AMONG
INDONESIA’S MANUFACTURING SECTOR:
A SPATIAL LINKAGE ANALYSIS
1
Irvan Kuswardana, 2Nachrowi Djalal Nachrowi,
3
Andi Fahmi Lubis, 4Telisa Aulia Falianty
1
Ministry of Industry, Republic of Indonesia,
2,3,4
Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia

Abstract
This research measures the effect of inter-sectoral linkages on productivity in Indonesia’s
manufacturing industry on the sectoral level (high tech and low tech). The objective of
the paper is mainly to examine the mechanism how spillovers among industry that
connected through linkage (backward and forward) affect productivity. The data used are
set of panel : 24 sub sectors of manufactures and 5 years of time period (2010-2014).
The weight matrix used are an economic distance matrix derived from input-output
intersectoral transactions. The results imply that (1) productivity spillovers among sectors
that are connected through linkage or economic distance has a significant role in affecting
productivity. It means that a shorter economic distance make a larger productivity
spillover; (2) infrastructure increase the productivity spillover among sectors; (3) The
affect of agglomeration on productivity is more significant in high tech sectors.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
74
 THE INFLUENCE OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL
ENVIRONMENT FACTOR TO SMOKING
PARTICIPATION IN HOUSEHOLD
IN INDONESIA
1
TriasihDjutaharta, 2Nachrowi D. Nachrowi, 3Aris Ananta, 4DrajatMartianto
1
Demographic Institue, Faculty ofEconomics and Business, Universitas Indonesia and Doctoral
2,3
Student at Post Graduate, Faculty of Economic, Universitas Indonesia, Post Graduate, Faculty
4
of Economic, Universitas Indonesia, Department of Community Nutrition,
Faculty of Human Ecology, Bogor Agricultural University

Abstract
The studies so far present separately between the influence of economic factors or social
environmental factors in influencing smoking participation. The aim of the study is to
find out how the influence of economic and social environment factors together on
smoking participation. Indicators of economic factors are price and income, while
indicators of social environmental factors are smoking prevalence and smoking
prohibition rules. Data used by the 2014 National Socio Economic Survey and household
analysis unit. Smoking ban regulation data from the Ministry of Health and smoking
prevalence from the National Health Survey 2014. Estimates using the probit function
and analysis unit are households. Households that have expenditure on cigarettes are said
to be household smokers. Control variables are household characteristics including
demographic characteristics of household members and household heads. The price is
proxied from the unit value by issuing household characteristics. From probit estimation,
the results of economic factors indicate that higher prices will encourage households to
reduce the probability of participating in smoking and conversely increasing income will
increase the probability of households to participate in smoking. Environmental factors
indicate that the environment with smoking prevalence will further increase the
probability of households to participate in smoking, whereas the rules on smoking bans
don’t reduce the probability of households participating in smoking. Economic factors
have a greater influence on the probability of smoking compared to social environmental
factors. The smoking ban policy is not effective enough to affect the decrease in smoking
prevalence. So, price is an instrument that is more effective in reducing smoking
participation. To further increase smoking control policies, the price of cigarettes must be
raised. The policy will be more effective if coupled with law enforcement in the
implementation of the regulation on smoking bans and planting norms in the community
not to smoke.
Keywords - Economic Factor, Social Environment, Smoking Participation

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
75


OSMOTIC FRAGILITY OF HUMAN RED BLOOD

CELLS THROUGH MICRO RHEOLOGY AND
MACHINE VISION SYSTEM
Clare Maristela V. Galon
Department of Chemistry and Physics, Cebu Normal University Osmena
Boulevard, Cebu City 6000, Cebu, Philippines

Abstract
In this study, passive microrheology technique and machine vision are employed and it
is found that bathing red blood cells to different salinity concentrations result to
geometrical changes and on its viscoelastic properties (G’ and G” moduli). No
geometric deformations are found when washed with 0.89 % salinity concentrations,
however with Phosphate buffer saline (PBS) combined with percent salinity greater
and smaller than 0.89 %, crenate and swollen RBCs start to appear, respectively and the
latter’s viscoelastic properties are lesser than 0.89 %. The MSD graph gives
characteristic curve that elucidates the nature of RBCs in the system. The analyzed
diffusion is of isotropic nature depicted by the linear correlation which gives values of
the diffusion coefficient d = 0.0014 for 0.89 % salinity and d = 0.0001 for 0.59 %
salinity. These findings support observations relating salinity in blood with RBC count
in physiological conditions and improving blood fluidity.

Keywords - Image Processing, Microrheology, Osmosis, Red Blood Cells

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
76
 WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR FOOD DELIVERY
SERVICE TO A REMOTE AREA
Suthatip Pueboobpaphan, Rattaphol Pueboobpaphan
School of Transportation Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand

Abstract
This research focus on finding a proper rate for food delivery service to a small
community in remote area which is beyond a typical delivery service range.
Methods/Statistical analysis: A pilot survey was conducted to assist in developing a
questionnaire to collect the data for this research. The descriptive statistics was used to
explain the overall characteristics of the respondents in Suranaree University of
Technology campus. The price sensitivity measurement (PSM) was used to determine an
optimal price of food delivery service. Findings: The results show that 81.63 percent of
respondents are interested in using food delivery service while the others are not willing
to use food delivery service because they have another shopping with dinning, they want
to check by themselves if there is any promotion, etc. In addition, the demand of delivery
service for1-2 times per week is 75.90percent,3-5 time per week is 16.87percent and the
others is7.32 percent. The result of PSM shows that the indifference price is 54Baht,
optimal price point is 53 Baht, marginal cheapness price is 37 Baht and marginal
expensiveness is 83 Baht. It can be conclude that the range of acceptance price is 37-83
Baht andthe suitable price should be 37-54 Baht. Application/Improvements: Price
Sensitivity Measurement is used as a tool for estimating consumers’ price perceptions
and expectations. However, in a view of business owner, total cost of food delivery
business should be considered as a delivery price as well.
Keywords - Food delivery service, Price Sensitivity Measurement (PSM), optimal price

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
77
 TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL
KNOWLEDGE FOR PRESERVICE TEACHERS
PRIMARY SCIENCE
1
Widdy H.F Rorimpandey, 2I Nyoman Degeng,
3
Punaji Setyosari, 4Saida Ulfa
1
Universitas Negeri Manado, 2,3,4Graduate School,Universitas Negeri Malang,

Abstract
This study discusses the use of the TPK ((Technological Pedagogical Knowledge) model
in Science Learning in the Faculty of Education to improve the learning outcomes of the
ability to apply concepts in the teaching process. This teaching focuses on science
learning for elementary school teacher education students to become teachers who can
integrate Creative, effective and innovative technologies and pedagogies are also more
interactive in using the latest technology in elementary school teaching. To maximize the
learning of application students the technology used is Moodle Software which has been
developed and modified based on learning needs at the State University of Malang. Used
in teaching is online learning combined with face-to-face learning with a composition of
75% online learning. The design of this study uses an experimental design 2 x 2 factorial
version of the nonequivalent control group design (Tuckman, 1999). The results of the
study found that the use of TPK models can improve student learning outcomes in
applying concepts for elementary science learning. The study also found the majority of
students as prospective teachers preferred to use hybrid learning pedagogics rather than
full online learning and face to face learning. So it has implications for improving the
pedagogic competence of teachers and prospective teachers in carrying out science
teaching activities through the use of TPK as a learning model in the digital era.

Keywords - TPK, hybrid learning, Science, prospective teacher, elementary school

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
78
 DESIGN STRATEGY FOR FUZZY DATA
WAREHOUSES
1
PPG Dinesh Asanka, 2Amal Shehan Perera
1,2
Department of Computer Science and Engeenring
University of Moratuwa Moratuwa, Srilanka

Abstract
Data warehouse is used intensively in many industry domains to gain competitive
advantage over its competitors. In classical data warehouses, more crisp values are
being used so that substantial information is lost. This will lead to limit the true
analysis of data warehouse resulting incorrect or partially correct decision making.
Since data warehouse is used for analysis and decision making, by introducing crisp
values will reduce the accuracy of outcome. To overcome this limitation, fuzzy
technique is proposed. In this research paper, fuzzy techniques are introduced to
design data warehouse to incorporate better analysis keeping the historical aspect of
data in data warehouses.

Keywords - Data Warehousing, Fuzzy, Fact Tables, Dimension Tables

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
79
 OBLIVIOUSNESS AS A RESPONSE TO ‘OUT OF
PLACE’ SPATIAL EXPERIENCE
A CASE STUDY IN BSD CITY, INDONESIA
1
Dian Alin Mulyasari, 2Antony Sihombing
1,2
Universitas Indonesia

Abstract
This study attempts to understand one's perception towards his lived space. In particular,
the study explores kampung dweller’s responses to the out-of-place spatial experience in
the growing urban area. The case study was taken in Kampung Nagrek, which located 25
km to the southwest of Jakarta. Before 2008, Kampung Nagrek was a village having a
rural characteristic, with strong social relations among its dwellers, preserving traditional
customs, and the importance of community groups. However, the construction of the new
city of Bumi Serpong Damai (BSD City) has changed the surrounding of Kampung
Nagrek. Kampung Nagrek is currently a squatter settlement located in the middle of the
city's growing vortex. To obtain a portrait of how dwellers conceived their lived space,
empirical results were obtained using two qualitative methods: cognitive maps and
interviews. The respondents were asked to sketch ‘the place where I live’ on a cognitive
map. Based on the map drawn, the researchers subsequently interviewed participants to
explore how the spaces of the participants were viewed, and how they respond to their
space. The participants in this study were recruited among kampung dwellers. In total
there were 17 people involved consisting 13 males and 4 females, with their age ranging
from 20 – 79 years. The finding of this study suggests that in responding the out of place
experience, kampung dwellers express obliviousness to space outside their kampung. The
obliviousness of dwellers reflects in the way they unconcern, unaware, evade and avoid
the new city space. Moreover, this study also reveals that the obliviousness of dwellers
arises as the result of the absence of belongingness and as denial and defense against new
urban systems.

Keyword - Spatial Experience, Out of Place, Kampung, Obliviousness

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
80
 5G NEW RADIO ENHANCEMENTS FOR
WIRELESS MONITORING SYSTEMS
1
Vasudevan Perumal, 2C.Santhosh Sagar
1,2
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
SRM University, Chennai, TamilNadu, India

Abstract
This paper aims to deal with the enhancements the 5G New Radio architecture can
provide in the development of efficient wireless monitoring which is paramount for the
development of sustainable smart cities. There is a demand for massive Machine to
Machine (M2M) communication for these wireless monitoring systems as they will
record and examine various parameters in different sectors like agriculture, health,
environmental, home and automobile. The monitoring of such parameters will provide
information and a framework for the development of a smart city. The current cellular
architecture falls short in providing reliable low latency and massive Machine Type
Communication which is pertinent to IoT based wireless monitoring systems. In this
paper, we survey how 5G New Radio aims to address these shortcomings. This paper
also compares the benefits and disadvantages of using 5G NR over other architectures
and protocols like ZWave, LoRa, WiFi and previous cellular standards. The hurdles and
development directions concerning the deployment of these IoT based wireless
monitoring systems retrofitted for different industries is also discussed in the paper.

Keywords - Wireless Monitoring, 5G New Radio, Internet of Things (IoT), Machine-to-

Machine (M2M)

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
81
 EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION AND
THERMODYNAMIC MODELLING OF
TETRAETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE OF
CARBON DIOXIDE GAS HYDRATE PHASE
CONDITIONS
1
Zamzila Kassim, 2Fadhli Hadana Rahman,
3
Muhammad Saad Khan, 4 Bhajan Lal,
1
PETRONAS Research Sdn Bhd, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, Kajang, 43000, Selangor,
2
Malaysia, Research Centre for CO2 Capture (RCCO2C), Chemical Engineering Department,
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 32610, Perak, Malaysia

Abstract
In this work, thermodynamic inhibition of tetraethylammonium chloride at different
aqueous concentration is reported for carbon dioxide (CO2) gas hydrate system. The T-
Cylce method is applied for the CO2 gas hydrate phase conditions experiments
measurement at a temperature and pressure ranges of 276.70 to 283.15 K and 20.80 to
41.5 bar respectively at a system with 1, 5 and 10 wt% TEACl aqueous concentrations.
Results reveal that at all different aqueous concentrations, TEACl demonstrates
thermodynamic inhibition and the inhibition effect is increased with the increase in
TEACl concentration. Furthermore, the highest inhibition effect appeared of 1.55K
average suppression temperature for 10 wt% of TEACl. All the experiments data from
this work are compared with data from literature for CO2 gas hydrate system of pure
water and with the presence of hydrate inhibitor. Afterward, the predictions for phase
conditions of CO2 + H2O + TEACl is made using Dickens and Quinby-Hunt model for
gas hydrate system in the presence of electrolyte and experimental results are found to be
in excellent agreement with the model. In this work, the validated CO2 hydrate phase
conditions with the presence of TEACl is a crucial fundamental finding in ensuring the
understanding of ammonium-based ionic liquid such as TEACl to be designed as the
CO2 gas hydrate inhibitor.

Keywords - gas hydrate, hydrate inhibitor, ionic liquids, phase equilibrium,

tetraethylammonium chloride

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
82
 FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE FARMERS’
DECISION TO PLANT THE SUGAR CANE: CASE
IN CIREBON REGENCY, WEST JAVA,
INDONESIA
1
Sudrajati Ratnaningtya,2Yogi Makbul, 3Gina KaruniaKusumah
1,2,3
InstitutTeknologi Bandung

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of land use, land ownership, sugarcane
productivity, sugar crystal content, auction prices of the sugar part of farmers,
competition from other plants, precision on handling and milling cane by sugar mills. The
research method is a survey in the working area of two sugar factoriesthat are still active
in the Cirebon Regency, namely PG Sindanglaut (Lemahabang District) and PG Tersana
Baru (Babakan District) Cirebon Regency. This study uses primary data that obtained by
interview with 108 sugarcane farmers selected randomly using Multi Clusters Random
Samplingtechnique. The logit regression model and the SPSS are used to analyze this
research data.The results showed that are sugar crystal content and land use factors
significantly affect to farmer’s decision to plant the sugar cane at the 95 percent
confidence level. The higher the sugar crystal content, the higher the chance or tendency
of farmers to grow sugar cane in the next planting season. Sugar crystal content is
determined by the quality of sugar cane harvested and the quality of milling by sugar
factory. Farmers receive as much as the result of sugar crystal content multiplication of
White Crystal Sugar with the results of producing fields and with provisions. The broader
land use in the 2015/2016 planting season, the greater the chance or tendency of farmers
to cultivate sugarcane again in the 2016/2017 season. Land use areas depend on land
ownership by farmers and or the ability to obtain leased land. The ability of farmers to
rent land or buy land depends on their financial capabilities. These things make the basis
of the need for stakeholders in sugar agribusiness to pay more attention to the quality of
sugarcane from the cultivation level up to the processing. In addition, efforts are also
needed to provide sugar cane land to farmers.

Keywords - Farmers’decision to plant; Sugar cane; Logit Regression Model; Cirebon

Regency.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
83
 THE EFFECT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION ON
WAGE INEQUALITY IN INDONESIA
MANUFACTURING SECTOR
1
Watekhi, 2Nachrowi D. Nachrowi
Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

Abstract
This study examines the effect of trade liberalization on wage inequality through industry
wage premium for various years between 2000 and 2015 a period marked with a lower
import tariff. Methods/Statistical analysis: The empirical study is conducted in two stages
estimation approach. Using national labor force survey dataset from the National Labor
Force Survey (Sakernas), in the first stage, the study estimates industry wage premiums
conditional on individual worker characteristics. In the second stage, the data are pooled
across the industries and over time, then regressed import tariff on final goods as a
measurement of trade liberalization, controlling for market concentration. Findings: The
study finds a negative effect of import tariff to the industry wage premium, implying that
industry wage premium decreased more in sectors facing larger tariff hike, and, vice
versa, industry wage premium increased in sectors experiencing larger tariff cuts. This
suggests that trade liberalization significantly contributes to the increasing wage
inequality through industry wage premium channel during the period of analysis.
Referring to the Hecksher-Ohlin theory, due to the abundant unskilled labor in
developing countries, trade liberalization is expected to increase exports of labor-
intensive commodities. This condition will contribute to the increases in commodity
prices, unskilled labor demand, and unskilled workers’ relative wage. Therefore it is
predicted to decrease the wage inequality. The increase in disparity of wage between
industries in Indonesia is due to a greater tariff reduction in unskilled sectors that wages
are relatively lower, while lower tariff reductions occur in skilled sectors. The finding is
different from previous studies that import tariff on final goods did not affect wage
inequality through skill premium channel. Application/Improvements: Indonesia needs to
be selective in trade liberalization by opening the widest liberalization for superior
commodities and remaining protective of commodities that are needed in the domestic
market but have relatively low competitiveness.
Keywords - trade liberalization; wage inequality; industry wage premium

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
84
 BRAIN PRESSURE ANALYSIS USING BACK
PROPOGATION NEURAL NETWORK
Gokulnath s, Nikhil k, Surendar r, Venkatesh j,
Mrs.T.Mangayakarasi.M.E.,Ph.D
Student, Anna University

Abstract
The assessments of brain pressure, location of high pressure area in the brain in patients
with severe head injury is carried out by drilling a hole in the brain and insert the catheter
to place a sensor and measure the value of brain pressure .This require experienced
surgeon .But qualitative analysis is first required for the assessment of severity. Thus the
main aim behind this project is to develop a non- invasive method of brain pressure
analysis using image processing technique. The MRI images of the brain are used as
input images. The brain image is pre-processed by adaptive median filter and Gaussian
filter and also denoising is performed by applying fourth level DT-CWT. GLCM features
are extracted from the image pre-processed images. The feature extraction is performed
on both the test images and the training images .The feature set is used as the input for
the classifier. The back Propagation Neural Network classifier algorithm is used, to
classify into normal and abnormal images. The abnormal images are applied to the
SFCM algorithm for clustering. The clustering is made for the locating the high pressure
regions of the brain. Matlab image processing tool is used to carry out the analysis. An
effective image processing technique is proposed by using MRI images to overcome the
disadvantages in processing the manual analysis presently exciting in assessing the brain
pressure severity.

Keywords - Adaptive Median filter, Gaussian filter, DT-CWT, GLCM, BPN, SFCM

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
85
 SOCIAL INNOVATION AND NEW PRODUCT
DEVELOPMENT FOR GRASSROOTS

1
David Makarapong, 2Chaidate Inchaisri,
3
Chupun Gowanit, 4Supawan Tantayanon
Technopreneurship and Innovation Management Program Graduate School,
Chulalongkorn University, Thailand

Abstract
To introduce new product development processes suitable to new grassroots product
development (NGPD) for dairy farmers in Thailand. Methods/Statistical analysis: The
study reviewed literature related to 9 new product development (NPD) processes to
identify gaps in NPD. For the qualitative approach, in-depth semi-structured interviews
were conducted with 7 experts in the industry and government sectors obtained from
purposive sampling to create a draft of new product development process for grassroots
farmers in Saraburi province, Thailand. The results were practical and well-accepted
innovations created within limited time and with short-term operation. Findings: The
result revealed significant gaps in traditional product development processes which
extremely focused on the overall course and the back end to create commercial benefits
and business opportunities and greatly concerned cost and value of investment. Even the
prior new social product development required the time-consuming social impact
assessment. As a result, each project’s development period was too long. In this study,
NGPD placed emphasis on the creation of innovations in a short period of time, the
grassroots’ problems and the academic freshness. The researchers created innovations for
dairy farmers under the NGPD plan and were able to create a commercial model for
solving dairy farmers’ pain points at affordable cost. It was found that the NGPD
emphasized the process of identifying problems of the grassroots, the readiness of
existing technology and the academic freshness. The researchers were able to create
innovations within less than 1 year. Application/Improvements: The study provides a
guideline for researchers who wish to run short-term new product development projects
for the grassroots. The initial development period can be shortened in different future
contexts.

Keywords - Innovations, Grassroots Pain Point, Technology Readiness, New Product

Development Process

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
86
 THE EFFECTIVE CYBER SECURITY
AWARENESS METHODS BASED ON
PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES

1Nipon Nachin, 2Krerk Piromsopa, 3Chatpong Tangmanee

1
Technopreneurship and Innovation Management Program, Graduate
2
School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Department of Computer Engineering
3
Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok, Thailand, Faculty of Commerce
and Accountancy Chulalongkorn University Bangkok, Thailand

Abstract
This article studied the level of cyber security awareness to develop the appropriate
development methods for different awareness aspects. The aim of this study was to
develop services for build cyber security awareness. Based on previous literature and
research, there were studies on the relationship between factors for developing security
awareness. In this study, six awareness development methods were used as independent
variables and the levels of cyber security awareness were taken as dependent variables.
This study aimed to explore awareness development methods affecting cyber security
awareness of Thai government and private personnel. The population of this study was
government and private personnel in Thailand. The samples were taken from 360 Thai
information technology personnel who attended the 17th Annual Information and Cyber
Security Seminar. The study suggested that the simulation method was the most effective
cyber security awareness development method. The factors used in the comparison were
perceived channels of threat, perceived effects of threat, perceived possibility of threat,
self-protectability in actual situation, self-protectability against new forms of threat, and
perceived importance of cyber security. Unlike other awareness development methods,
simulations could best improve self-protectability in actual situation and self-
protectability against new forms of threat. In-class trainings and video clips on threat
intelligence came in the second. If these three methods are integrated in the development
of innovations that consist of precise information delivered through trainings and videos
along with simulations for measuring the awareness levels, the created innovations may
result in more effective cyber security awareness development.
Keywords - Cyber security, Information security, awareness, effectiveness,
psychological, management, Simulation

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
87
 NETWORK COOPERATION, PRODUCT
INNOVATION, INTERNATIONALIZATION AND
ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SMEs
1
Rashmeet Singh,2M H BalaSubrahmanya
1,2
Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Science,
Bangalore-560012, India

Abstract

This paper is an attempt to ascertain the simultaneous impact of network cooperation,

product innovation and internationalization on the economic performance of small and
medium enterprises (SMEs).Statistical Method: The study employs a cross-sectional
survey technique to collect primary data from 117 SMEs of engineering goods industry
located in Bangalore city, India. The data are then analyzed using hierarchical multiple
regression technique. Findings: Among control variables, only the age of a CEO is found
to have a significant impact, though negative, on the economic performance of SMEs.
Subsequently, it is found that the assistance received from four external network
participants positively influence the economic performance of SMEs. These network
participants are government agencies, industry associations, R&D organizations and
customers. Moreover, based on the proportion of variance explained in the economic
performance, it is inferred that both product innovation performance and
internationalization performance have a significant positive influence on the economic
performance of SMEs. These findings support that SMEs, in general, tend to make use of
external support in the form of network cooperation, which not only improves the
economic performance of SMEs, but also enhances their innovation capabilities as well
as their ability to penetrate international markets. These results have significant
implications for the policy makers of the country and for the CEOs of SMEs to give due
attention to network cooperation, product innovation and internationalization as the
means of enhancing their economic performance comprehensively. Improvements: A
larger dataset spanning across more industries within the manufacturing sector could be
considered in future studies to generalize our research findings. Moreover, future studies
could employ longitudinal research design to gather the panel data (or time series data)
for the same SMEs to bring more clarity and pattern in measuring the variables.
Keywords - Network cooperation, product innovation, internationalization, economic
performance, small and medium enterprises (SMEs)

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
88
FACTORS AFFECTING KNOWLEDGE SHARING
OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS: A
COMPARISON BETWEEN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC
UNIVERSITIES IN THAILAND
1
Kulpornpat Poosriroj, 2Vichita Vathanophas Ractham
1,2
College of Management Mahidol University, Bangkok Thailand

Abstract

The fact that there are two learning systems which are public and private universities in
undergraduate level has raised many questions in terms of academic result, teaching
qualities, knowledge sharing behavior, and etc. Therefore, the objective of this study is
to compare factors that affect knowledge sharing behavior of undergraduate students
from public university to undergraduate students from private in Thailand. Due to the
fact that this is a quantitative research, self-administered questionnaire is applied for
data collection while T-test is used to explain the differences between the two groups of
students. The T-test results show that the differences exist between the two groups of
undergraduates in terms of trust, enjoyment in helping other, attitude to share
knowledge, organizational climate, ICT, and intention to share knowledge. Moreover,
this study is the first one to compare the knowledge sharing behavior of undergraduates
from public and private universities in Thailand.

Keywords - Knowledge sharing, undergraduate students, Thailand, Public and private

universities

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
89
 ANALYSIS OF MITIGATION STRATEGIES
AGAINST THE RISK OF COST-OVERRUN
DURING IMPLEMENTATION OF
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1
N.M. Jaya, 2I.G.K. Sudipta, 3M.D.M. Suparta
1,2,3
Civil Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Engineering,
the University of Udayana, Denpasar-Bali-Indonesia

Abstract
Implementation of construction projects often experiences differences with field
conditions planning. This discrepancy can be in the form of complexities and difficulties
in the implementation of a construction project that can affect the increase in time and
project costs. The cost that cannot be controlled in the implementation of construction
project may cause a risk of cost overrun. This study aims to analyse the "mitigation
strategy" against the risk of cost overruns in the implementation of construction projects.
Data purposive responses were collected by survey method. After fulfilling statistical
tests for questionnaire validity and data reliability, then a mitigation strategy analysis is
continued against the risk of project cost overruns using the SWOT method (Strength,
Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat). SWOT analysis shows "interaction" between
internal factors (Strength and Weakness) with external factors (Opportunity and Threat).
The amount of interaction weight indicates the priority of mitigation strategies between
S-O (Strength-Opportunity), S-T (Strength-Threat), W-O (Weakness-Opportunity), and
W-T (Weakness-Threat). The criteria for the value of each mitigation strategy are
calculated from the smallest weight (1 is not important) to the largest (5 is very
important). A calculation result of the S-O has the highest weight of 4.43. Thus, the
implementation and improvement for the mitigation strategy of Strength-Opportunity (S-
O) is a priority to overcome the risk of project cost overruns in the construction
implementation stage.

Keywords - construction project, cost overruns, strategy analysis, SWOT method, risk
mitigation.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
90
 THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
AND LEADERSHIP ON ACHIEVEMENT
MOTIVATION IMPACT ON EMPLOYEES
LOYALTY
1
Reyna Septina Budiyanti, 2Ferryal Abadi
1,2
InstitutTeknologidanBisnis KalbisJl. Pulomas Selatan Kav. 22, Jakarta Timur 13210

Abstract
A strong application of corporate culture and leadership drives a company in improving
its performance and achieving its targets. With the result that the corporate culture and
leadership has a role in increasing needs of achievements and loyalty of its employees.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the variables of
corporate culture, leadership to the need for achievement and employee loyalty. Path
Analysis is the chosen technique to analyze the statistic data. The results showed
significant influences between need for achievement on corporate culture and leadership,
corporate culture and leadership on employee loyalty and need of achievement on
employee loyalty of PT. Beta Pramesti Asia Supervisor and Manager level.

Keywords - Corporate culture, Leadership, Need for Achievement, Employee Loyalty.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
91
 IDENTIFICATION OF LIBRARIAN AND
ACADEMIC COLLABORATION PROGRAM TO
INCREASE THE RESEARCH COMPETENCIES IN
UNIVERSITY AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE: A
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
1
Yaniasih, HerminTriasih, 2RetnoAsihantiSetiorini
1,2
Center for Scientific Documentation and Information, Indonesian Institute of
Sciences Jalan Gatot Subroto No 10 Jakarta

Abstract
Disruption of the library’s services in universities and research institutions is increasingly
evident. Traditional services are not relevant to be the foundation of the research library's main
role. An effective collaboration model between librarians and academics to improve the quality
and competencies of research needs to be developed. This article aims to identify collaborative
programs between librarians and academics, as well as roles and competencies of librarians
needed in the collaboration model. A systematic review was conducted based on the Scopus
database. There was 38 literature found. Then, screening was done using inclusion indicator
namely: (1) the article language was in English, (2) the document types were journal article and
conference paper, and (3) the article presented collaborative program clearly and related to
research instead of review or opinion. The findings show that there are seven categories of
collaboration programs, i.e. (1) research training programs outside the curriculum, (2) research
class programs as part of the curriculum, (3) involvement programs in student research projects,
(4) workshops on the use of scientific information sources, (5) writing program courses, (6)
doing research collaboration, and (7) developing design of research support services. The most
collaboration model is a program providing training / workshops / courses to improve the ability
of beginner researcher and student (90%). The other 10% program is collaboration in carrying
out research activities together and building a research support system to manage research data.
The role of librarians in the collaboration program as large is teaching, guiding research,
developing modules, and conducting research activities. To be able to carry out this role,
librarians are required to have competencies related to information literacy, literature review,
scientific writing, scientific publication and communication, as well as research data
management. Entirely literature studied is the result of participatory observation and some of
them are combined with survey methods conducted in developed countries in North America. A
further study is required to improve and verify the most effective program to be implemented
especially for libraries in developing countries. However, this review can be used as evidence to
compile programs in universities and research organization libraries in various settings.

Keywords - collaboration, librarians, academics, research, university, research organization

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
92
 SOCIO-EMOTIONAL WEALTH OF FAMILY
FIRM THAT AFFECTING FIRM PERFORMANCE
1
Busarin Arunchit, 2Krittapha Saenchaiyathon,
3
Aree Naipinit, 4Phallapa Petison
1,2,3
Khon Kaen University, 4Mahidol University

Abstract
This research aims to study the relations between socio-emotional wealth of the
entrepreneurs and the corporate governance mechanism of family businesses in Thailand.
A model of relationship is built to find the relations between the factors of interests which
are socio-emotional wealth in the dimension of the willingness for business succession
and the willingness to build relationship with society, how it influences corporate
governance in family business and how it affects the business performance. 404 samples
of the registered industrial firms in Thailand are collected from the entrepreneurs of small
and medium family businesses, then analyzed the model relations using Structural
Equation Modeling (SEM).It can be concluded from the results that business succession
significantly has positive influence on ownership and board of director monitoring.
Likewise, the willingness to build relationship with society significantly has positive
influence on ownership and board of director monitoring as well as board of director
monitoring significantly has positive influence on the business performance, whereas
ownership has negative influence on business performance significantly. The results are
academic benefits in which the discovery of the relations between socio-emotional wealth
of family business entrepreneurs influences good business governance in the dimensions
of the willingness for business succession and the willingness to build relationship with
society. Practically, research results can be applied to relevant public and private sectors
by encouraging and supporting the family business entrepreneurs to focus on their
business succession and building the relationship with the society with board of director
monitoring will lead to good corporate governance, resulting in good performance of
their businesses. This will help build credibility and the business will also be recognized
by society, customers and financial institutions as well as labor market which will help
the businesses survive in competitive world. As a result, the businesses grow steadily and
sustainably.

Keywords - Socio-emotional Wealth, Ownership, Board of directors monitoring, Family

Firm Performance.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
93


HIGH PERFORMANCE WORK PRACTICES

(HPWPS) IN MICRO SMES
1
Arisara Rungrueang, 2Napaporn Khantanapha, 3Rapeepun Piriyakul
1,2
Graduate School of Business Administration, Southeast Asia University, Bangkok,
3
Thailand Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand

Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating (1) the patterns of HPWPs in micro SMEs and (2)
the factors that affect HPWPs in micro SMEs. A questionnaire was used to collect data
from 30 employees of SMEs in the textile and apparel industry in Bangkok.
Considering factors that affect HPWPs in micro SMEs, the results indicated that
competency-based compensation (ß = .484) affected HPWPs in micro SMEs at most,
followed by job design (ß = .454), with a statistical significance. The influence of job
design and competency-based compensation affected HPWPs in micro SMEs at 77.9
percent.

Keywords - Job design, Competency-based compensation, Relational trust, High

workforce empowerment

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
94
 A DEVELOPMENT OF NONLINEAR INPUT-
OUTPUT MODEL FOR THAI ECONOMY
Bundit Chaivichayachat
Department of Economics, Kasetsart University Bangkok, Thailand

Abstract
Motivation: Input-Output table has been recognized as a tool for investigate the
interrelationship across sectors and for the evaluation of economic impact in the sectoral
level. However, there are many shortcomings made by the assumptions. A major
weakness known as the linear relationship between input and output. Objective: Then,
this paper aims to estimate the nonlinear relationship between input and output for Thai
economy based on the 16 sectors input-output table from 1975 to 2010 (9 tables).
Method: According to the limitation of the number of observations, the tradition
econometrics approaches could not be implemented. Then this paper adopted the
generalized maximum entropy (GME) estimation suggested by Fernandez-Vazquez
(2015) to estimate the estimators representing the nonlinear relationships between input
and output in Thailand during 1975 to 2010. Finding: The results from GME indicate that
the relationships between input and output in Thailand were not in linear form with
statistically significance. Both increasing returns to scale and decreasing returns has been
found in production process in Thai economy. Then, the application of the input-output
coefficients in the linear form should be misleading. Application/Improvements: The
estimated nonlinear coefficients were used to evaluate the degree of backward and
forward linkage for Thai economy. Thai economy did not show the strong linkage both in
term of backward and forward. Moreover, the estimated nonlinear coefficient can be
applied for Leontief’s matrix and employed to evaluate the economic impacts in sectoral
level.

Keywords - nonlinear input-Output table, generalized maximum entropy, GME

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
95
 THE INFLUENCE OF GREEN TRAINING ON
GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
PRACTICES AND FIRM’S PERFORMANCE
1,2
Jirawat Wongthongchai1*, Krittapha Saenchaiyathon2
Faculty of Business Administration and Accountancy, Khon Kaen University,
Khon Kaen, 40000, Thailand

Abstract
This research was conducted to study the influence of green training on green supply
chain management (GSCM) and firm’s performance. By using institutional theory to
explain the driving force of reducing the impact of environmental processes on the firm.
The population of this study are firms that have been certified to ISO 14000 which is an
environmentally relevant standard. The research proposes are to study 1) top
management support, competitor pressure, and customer pressure that influence on green
supply chain management practices; 2) green training that influence on green supply
chain management practices; 3) the influence of green supply chain management
practices and green training on the firm’s performance. Systematic random was used,
Questionnaires were distributed. Structure equation model technique was employed for
data analysis. In data analysis by SEM technique, top management support, competitor
pressure, customer pressure, and green training play positive effect to the GSCM
practices with statistical significant. Furthermore, GSCM practices play positive effect to
the firm’s performance with statistical significant. Under the literature foundation,
customer pressure, top management support is primary factor to achieve GSCM practices
and capabilities for establishment the firm’s performance. To do further on GSCM
practice more efficiency, a firm is able to have green training. The literature review also
showed that special training must be aligned with improvements in the organizational
process. It is evident that green training works through green supply chain management
and the relationship between green training is not clear. The results of this study showed
that the training did not have correlation to the performance but was related to green
supply chain management practices.

Keywords - GSCM, Supply Chain Management, Green Training, SEM, Iinstitutional

theory

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
96
 SOLAR POWERED ELECTRIC TREADMILL
BI-CYLCE
[1]
Nigil Cherwin C, [2]Naveen A, [3]Narendran B,
[4]
Manoj Kumar V, [5]Prem Kiran T
[1],[2], [3],[4],[5]
RMK college of engineering and technology, RSM nagar,
Gummidipoondi Taluk, Puduvoyal, Thiruvallur, tamil nadu 601-206, India

Abstract
As a part of dissertation work, the solar assisted bicycle is fitted with a dc hub motor on
front axle of a bicycle with power rating of 250W and with a traveling speed of around
35-40 kmph. It is provided with a pair of lead acid batteries of 35. Our project deals with
the design and the fabrication of solar powered treadmill electric bicycle. As a
humongous steep increase in global warming and major novice health concern which are
caused due to combustibles are in linkage to transportation facilities as humans are
dependable which cannot eradicate it. Solar power, a renewable energy source and some
fitness components are used in these projects which are feasible in usage. So we
combined these two major concerns and developed a new treadmill electric bicycle using
solar energy, which consists of tread mill belt and a 12V brushless dc motor, motor
controller, a sealed lead ion battery, throttle valve and motor controllers. So by this
unorthodox design, human can minimize the rise on effect in global warming and major
health issues and can also attain short distance travel thereby reducing the pollution. The
power from the treadmill setup is transmitted to the wheels by suitable arrangement so
that when the person walks, the wheels of the bike moves and the bike attain motion.
“We aspired to build a vehicle that is faster than walking and easier to ride than a bike.”

Keywords - Solar Panel, Treadmill Belt, Dc Brushless Hub Motor, Lead Ion Battery

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
97
 MODEL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE WORK
SYSTEM AFFECTED EMPLOYEES’
INTENTION TO STAY
1
Thariga Pholloke, 2Krittapha Saenchaiyathon, 3Parisa Rungruang
1,2
Faculty of Business Administration and Accountancy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen,
3
40002, Thailand; College of Management, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand

Abstract

The aims of this study were to examine the relationship between the high performance
work systems (HPWS) and employees’ intention to stay and to develop the model of the
high performance work system in affecting job engagement, organizational citizenship
behavior and employees’ intention to stay. Data were obtained from 448 full-time
operative staff in production division of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in
automotive parts manufacturing industry in Thailand. The structural equation modeling
was employed. The findings indicated that high performance work system have a
positive and significant effect on the job engagement, organizational citizenship behavior
and employees’ intention to stay. Furthermore, job engagement affects organizational
citizenship behavior and employees’ intention to stay. The high performance work
system results in enhancing job engagement and this, in turn, increases the level of
organizational citizenship behavior and employees’ intention to stay. The discovery of
the relationship between high performance work systems and employee retention in this
field benefits for not only academic sector but also public and private sectors. The study
suggests that organizations enable to improve their human capitals, including individual
attitudes, skills, and abilities, by developing either high performance work systems or
high performance human resources practices. This, in turn, enhances both employee and
organizational performance in high competitive arena.
Keywords - High Performance Work Systems, Job Engagement, Organizational
Citizenship Behavior, Employees’ Intention to Stay

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
98
 A SERVICE MARKETING APPROACH FOR
DISEMINATING KNOWLEDGE PRODUCT
1
Yati Suryati
1
Center for Scientific Documentation and Information - Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Jl Jend. Gatot Subroto No 10 Jakarta – Indonesia

Abstract
The study aims at identifying strategy for dissemination knowledge product applied by
Center for Scientific Documentation and Information using service marketing approach.
The research use seven element of marketing mix for service namely product, price,
place, promotion, people, physical evidence, and process. The research is a single case
study. Data collected by in-depth interview and documentation studies. A purposive
sampling method used to select the informant. Then, data analyzed using coding
technique consisting three stages namely open, axial, and selective coding and the data
validation using triangulation technique. Result show that in general there are two core
products services, namely access to scientific information and repackaging information.
Access information has two actual products and two additional products. Meanwhile,
repackaging information has four actual products. For pricing strategy, they are referring
to Government Regulation No. 32 of 2016 concerning PNBP Tariffs for LIPI. For places
to access products and services, there are two categories namely online services and
offline services. For people who carry out dissemination, they have people with high
competence. But unfortunately, currently they have a shortage of human resources to
carry out service and promotion tasks. The service process they carried out has been
standardized and certified by ISO 9001: 20015. To evaluate the services provided, they
conducted a User Satisfaction Survey. The Information services provided are currently
more on online services, so supporting physical factors such as backing up data and
server capacity for easy and convenient access for users become very important for them.
For promotion, they use several media online like hipwee, facebook and twitter. For
media offline they have exhibition program to disseminate knowledge product. To further
enhance the effectiveness of dissemination, they must make user research before the
programs are launched, so the programs more targeted and can be useful for more people.

Keywords - knowledge product, service marketing, dissemination information

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
99
 THE INFLUENCING OF EMPLOYEE
ENGAGEMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF
HOTEL INDUSTRY IN THAILAND
1
Methaya Imerb, 2Krittapha Saenchaiyathon,
3
Aree Naipinit, 4Parisa Rungruang
1,2,3
Faculty of Business administration and Accountancy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen,
4
Thailand, 40002 College of Management, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, 10400

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to examine The Influencing of Employee Engagement
on the performance of Hotel Industry in Thailand, and develop the model of Influencing
of Employee Engagement on the performance of Hotel Industry in Thailand. The
Employee Engagement was mediating variable, then Independent variable consist of
Knowledge acquisition, Knowledge creation, Knowledge storage and retrieval,
Knowledge transfer and utilization, Work Environment, Job Satisfaction and Training
and career development, while Dependent variable consist of Intention not to Turnover
and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Data were collected using questionnaire from
323 Employee of Hotel Industry in Thailand. Then, Path Analysis technique was
employed for data analysis. The research result expose Knowledge transfer and
utilization, Work Environment, Job Satisfaction, Training and career development have
effect on Employee Engagement and Employee Engagement have effect on Intention not
to Turnover and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The study contributes to the
academic benefits of The Influencing of Employee Engagement on the performance of
Hotel Industry in Thailand and new academic knowledge that can be commercially
exploited. The effect on the overall country.

Keywords - Knowledge management, factors influencing employee engagement,

performance, hotel industry, interpretive structural modeling

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
100
 STRENGTHENING STRATEGY OF OLD BRIDGE
IN INDONESIA (TUKAD YEH BANGKUNG) BY
USING OPTIMIZATION AND PRESERVATION
APPROACH
1
Nyoman Sutarja, 2I Gede Adi Susila
1,2
Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia

Abstract
A reliable, integrated and sustainable road network system throughout the national
territory to include an upgraded a structural capacity of bridges; particularly Tukad Yeh
Bakung bridge in Bali-Indonesia was essentially needed to be improved in order to
support transportation services which affects economic growth and social welfare.
Upgraded the structural capacity of building such as the bridges have been done by using
preservation method: maintenance and rehabilitation to keep the bridges provide services
properly or to be declare to have an acceptance certificate functionality for life services
of 50 or 100 year, and so on. Tukad Yeh Bakung Bridge was built in 1977 which located
along the national road between Denpasar and Gilimanuk as the exact stationing found of
km 54+400. The bridge was suffered some structural damages which might be due to
exceeded load services, earthquakes and material degradation, especially the damages of
bent/pillar of the bridge, therefore preservation is needed. The damages of pillar occurs
such as cracked and porous on concrete deck/slab and exposed of slab/bending
reinforcement which clearly hazard from corrosions. Bridge preservation has been done
by giving additional or replacement of flexural reinforcement as well as a confinement
method for the concrete column. Confinement used to decrease an ultimate capacity ratio
(Mu/φMn) of bent, however it will increase ductility of the columns and prevent of
collapse (due to global/longitudinal buckling).

Keywords - Old Bridge, Preservation, Reliability, Strengthening Method

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
101
 PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT STUDY
FOR AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE STAFF
1
Ellysa Nursanti, 2 Sibut, Mariza , 3Kertaningtyas
1,3 2
Industrial Engineering Department, Mechanical Engineering Department,
Faculty of Industrial Technology, National Institute of Technology (ITN) Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
The availability of airplanes can be achieved when its maintenance runs well. Queue in
aircraft maintenance may indicate that aircraft maintenance staff productivity is not
optimal yet. Aircraft maintenance staff productivity deals with number and qualification
of aircraft maintenance staff. This situation shows that there is a lack of number or
qualification of its staff. If this continues to occur, the availability of the aircraft needed
could not meet its target. The productivity improvement carried out in this study began
with composing a mathematical model, followed by simulation. The process of
verification and validation of model has done through the use of numerical data from
observations. Then, mathematical modeling formulation has been constructed to obtain
an ideal productivity solution. To obtain the solution, it is necessary to compare a number
of conditions which vary in the number of different maintenance staff qualification: Light
Maintenance Staff (LMS), Heavy Maintenance Staff (HMS), and Trainee. The
productivity of Light Maintenance Staff (LMS) is currently 70%, and the productivity of
Heavy Maintenance Staff (HMS) is currently 72%. By using the model, optimal local
LMS productivity may reach 94.76%, obtained in the condition of 35 persons of LMS, 65
persons of HMS, and no Trainees at al. Meanwhile optimal local Heavy Maintenance
Staff (HMS) new productivity reaches 85.65%, obtained in the condition of 21 persons of
LMS, 79 persons of HMS, and no Trainees. Concerning the average of all aircraft
maintenance staff productivity, the productivity is 88.66%, obtained in the condition of
28 persons of LMS, 72 persons of HMS, no Trainees or 29 persons of LMS, 71 persons
of HMS, with no Trainees.

Keywords - Aircraft Maintenance Staff, Productivity, Modeling, Simulation

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
102
 ASSESSMENT THE SPEED-UP DETECTION
SYSTEM FOR TESTING SPRINTERS’
PERFORMANCES USING COMPUTER VISION
TECHNIQUES
Teerawat Kamnardsiri
College of Arts, Media and Technology, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huaykaew Rd.,
Suthep,Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to implement the speed-up detection system in order to test
sprinters’ performances and the system is to assess with the standard video analysis
software. Methods/Statistical analysis: This cross-sectional study investigates the
relationship between the proposed system and the standard video analysis software
(Tracker). Seven athletes (age between 19 to 42 years old) were randomly selected for
data collecting. The participants performed a fastest running with static starts at about 25
m. from the end position mark. Descriptive statistics, Cross-tabulation and also
Spearman's Rho were used for statistical analysis. Findings: The results indicated strong
significant relationship between both systems at Spearman's Rho Correlation > 0.8 at p-
value<0.01. The findings, moreover, revealed that the proposed system could be used to
accurately evaluate sprinters’ performances.

Keywords - video analysis; sprinter; speed detection; computer vision; image

processing;

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
103
ECO-EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF HIGH DENSITY
POLYETHYLENE RESIN BY INTEGRATED LIFE
CYCLE ASSESSMENT AND LIFE CYCLE COST
1
Natthapong Wichai-utcha, 2 Siros Tongchure,
3
Wonlop Buachoom, 4Orathai Chavalparit
1
The Interdisciplinary Program of Environmental Science, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn
University, 2The Faculty of agriculture and Life Science, Chandrakasem Ratchabhat
University,3The Faculty of Accountancy, Rangsit University, Mueang Pathum Thani,
4
The Department of Environmental Engineering, The Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn
University, Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pratumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand

Abstract
This research aims to calculate and analyze the environmental impact and product system
value of high density polyethylene in a case study of the petrochemical industry in
Thailand and make recommendations to increase the industry’s eco-efficiency. In this
case, two methods were utilized, namely the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for represent
the environmental aspect, which consists of fifteen impact categories that evaluate
environmental performance, and Life Cycle Costing (LCC) for representative of product
system value. The system boundaries of this study are cradle to gate, but with a special
focus on downstream production in the petrochemical industry. The result of Eco-
efficiency is 5.464, the analysis shows that non-renewable energy has the greatest impact
among all the indicators, representing almost 50 percent of high density polyethylene’s
environmental impact and only distantly followed by carcinogen, respiratory inorganic
and carcinogen indicators, respectively. The highest costs within the life cycle cost were
the operation costs reaching to 70 percent approximately and maintenance costs,
respectively. The evaluation of eco-efficiency for petrochemical industry should be
evaluated through the life cycle of a product by applying LCA and LCC because the
major impact on environmental performance is from using natural resources, such as
natural gas and non-renewable energy. In the case of a study using LCC in the
petrochemical industry because this industry makes significant investments of cost and
time for a project, capital cost should be omitted. In addition, if the capital cost is
included in the evaluation it may make it unnecessarily complicated. The eco-efficiency
assessment should be compared using the same conditions, such as the equation and
functional unit, in order to more clearly see improvement. The findings of this study
should be useful information to improve the environmental impact and economic
performance of the downstream petrochemical industry in the future.

Keywords - Eco-efficiency, Life Cycle Assessment, Life Cycle Cost, High density
polyethylene, petrochemical industry

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
104
 REQUIREMENTS REPRESENTATION ONTOLOGY
COMPREHENSION IN SEMANTIC WIKI
1
Muh. Nur Musa, 2Eko K. Budiardjo, 3Ganjar Ramadhan,
4
Foni Agus Setiawan
1,2,3,4
Faculty of Comp Science, Universitas Indonesia

Abstract
The topic of software comprehension in maintenance is an important part for software engineer’s
effort. Research shows that approximately 40% up to 60% of the maintenance effort, devoted in
understanding the software being modified. One of the obstacles founded in software
maintenance is lack in knowledge of the application software being maintained. This research
exposes a semantic wiki approach as a comprehension mechanism to the recovered software
requirements in which has been captured in ontology-based knowledge representation.
Methodology: This approach is realized by means the Requirements Recovery and
Reconstruction (R3) method, and its Software Tools (R3ST) environment. R3ST bind to domain
ontology for increasing the contextual result. R3ST would be able to facilitate software
developers in software comprehension activities. Requirement Representation using Use Case
(R2UC) ontology is built using Protégé OWL developer’s environment. OWL Protégé
Visualization’s features are very useful for obtaining an overall figure and description of the
ontology. All end-to-end interaction that have been captured are constructed as ontology, based
on use case modeling concept, by means OWL Protégé. Then, the ontology is visualized by
OWL Protégé Visualization to comprehending the software. A use case is represented as an
ontology concept that has some properties which indicate the pre-condition, post-condition, basic
flow, alternate flow, special requirement, and extension point of the use case. Beside
visualization, exploration to the requirements ontology needs to be in, by exploring in hypertext /
wiki mechanism. Onto Wiki used as a platform for semantic exploration. Findings: Software
Requirements Specification (SRS) is represented in a semi-formal manner, so that the
representation can still be understood by human (developers and stakeholders) as well as by
machine. One of the advantages of using ontology is a common understanding of the domain that
is being investigated between developers and stakeholders. To share the information provided by
the ontology suitably and comprehensively, Semantic Wiki is used because of its ability to
capture or identify information about the data within pages, the relationships between pages, in
ways that can be queried or exported like a database through semantic queries. The ease of
exploration of R2UC ontology provided by this approach gives users the freedom to comprehend
the software as well as validate the R2UC model. Application/Improvements:R2UC ontology is
a representation form of ontology which interprets the end-to-end user interaction through the
software interface (GUI). By using OWL Protégé Visualization’s features it is very useful for
obtaining an overall figure and description of the ontology. All of the end-to-end interaction that
have been captured are constructed as ontology, based on use case modeling concept. It is
visualized by OWL Protégé Visualization and explored by Onto Wiki to comprehending the
software being maintained.

Keywords - Software Maintenance; Software Comprehension; Requirements Recovery;

Requirements Representation; Ontology; Semantic Wiki

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
105


COMMUNITY-BASED ECOTOURISM
DESTINATION IN EAST JAVA: PLANNING A
COMMUNITY’S SETTLEMENT AS TOURIST
HOMESTAY IN SUMBERWANGI HAMLET
1
Dr. Eng. Novi Sunu Sri Giriwati ST., 2MSc, La Choviya Hawa,STP.,MP.,PhD,
3
Ir. Sigmawan Tri Pamungkas MT., 4Wasiska Iyati, ST., MT.,
5
Ar. Rohman Taufiq Hidayat, ST., M. AgrSc
1,3 2
Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering, Faculty of Horticulture Engineering,
4
Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering,
5
Department of Regional and City Planning Faculty of Engineering

Abstract
Ecotourism has an important roles to conserve the natural resources and landscape while
offers the benefit for local community. For the last ten years there have been significant
initiatives of sustainable tourism development in Indonesia. The Brawijaya University
forest (UB Forest) which located in Mount Arjuno Lalijiwo is university education forest
given by Indonesian Ministry of Environment to be managed. One of hamlet that located
inside UB forest is Sumberwangi. It is located closed to pinus forest, as an tourist attraction
in Mount Arjuno Lalijiwo. The Sumberwangi hamlet will be developed as community
based ecotourism hamlet. The planning and research is still conducted to propose
community homestay in Sumberwangi. The aim of this study was to explore the existing
condition of Sumberwangi to be developed as an accommodation complex-area and for
Arjuno Lalijiwo Mountain in general. The data were collected using documentation and
interview with local community and UB forest management. The data were analyzed using
descriptive analysis. The result of this study will contribute significantly as preliminary
ecotourism assessment and planning for study area.

Keywords - ecotourism destination, community settlement, tourist homestay,

community-based ecotourism, Sumberwangi hamlet

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
106
 ON THE VALIDITY OF THE KNOWLEDGE
TRANSFERRING ASSESSMENT OF THE
KNOWLEDGE‐BASED SYSTEM FOR TRAINING
LONG JUMP ATHLETES: THE
APPROACH‐RUN PHASE
1
Teerawat Kamnardsiri , 2Worawit Janchai 1, 3Pattaraporn
Khuwuthyakorn 4Wacharee Rittiwat
1,2,3
College of Arts, Media and Technology, Chiang Mai University,239 Huaykaew Rd., Suthep,
4
Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, Faculty of Physical Education, Srinakharinwirot
University, 114 Sukhumvit 23 Rd., Bangkok, 10110,Thailand

Abstract
Precise measurements of maximum speed and position of maximum speed during
sprinting have essential inferences for planning and improving the individual
performance of long jump athletes. Coaching in the approach‐ run phase is somewhat
difficult because the athlete’s movement is very fast. Therefore, the aim of this study was
to evaluate the validity of the knowledge transferring of Knowledge‐ Based System
(KBS) for training long jumpers in the approach‐ run phase which was compared with
the Tracker video analysis software. Methods/Statistical analysis: Cross-sectional study,
twelve healthy adults (Average age=27.58 years old, SD=9.67, Variance=93.53) were
randomly selected for data collecting. The participants performed walking, jogging,
running and fast running trials and static starts at about 20‐ 25 m. distance from a
take‐ off board. Descriptive statistics, Cross‐ tabulation and Spearman’s Rho were
employed for statistical analysis. Findings: The results showed strong significant
relationship between both systems at Spearmanʹs Rho Correlation = 0.916, p‐ value
<0.01. Application/Improvements: The results also indicated that the proposed KBS
could be used to accurately evaluate transferring of knowledge in the approach‐ run
phase.

Keywords – knowledge based system; knowledge engineering; knowledge transfer;

approach‐ run; long jump biomechanics; computer vision; validity

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
107


BUILDING A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM

SOFTWARE FOR SMART HOSPITAL SURGERIES
BY USING LEAN THINKING TECHNIQUES
Ufuk Cebeci
Istanbul Technical University

Abstract

Some preventable mistakes occur in operating rooms. Sometime the patient may die or too
much cost happen. The aim of this study is how to build a lean surgery decision support
system (LS-DSS) software for hospital surgeries by using lean thinking and lean
manufacturing techniques. A surgery lean DSS approach is developed. The new decision
support system helps to the management of operating rooms efficiently. RFID technology,
Lean techniques such as Poka Yoke mistake proofing, line balancing, SMED Quick
Changeover, cellular manufacturing, optimization and ergonomics. Some hospitals and
operating rooms in Turkey are visited to understand the surgery process. The study
monitors the approach is feasible and can be applied for operating rooms. The competent
and expert knowledge is required for every stage of surgery including before and after
surgery. The system gives suggestions for every step of surgeries and studied in two
hospital and can be used in smart hospitals.

Keywords - Surgery, Lean thinking, Decision Support System Software, Hospital

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
108
 A PRELIMINARY FEASIBILITY STUDY OF
SOLAR HOME SYSTEM AT 3RD
FLEET COMMAND
1
Yanif Dwi Kuntjoro, 2Rifai Mardanie Bajuri
1
Energy security, Faculty of Defense Management,
Indonesia Defense University, Bogor Indonesia

Abstract
A pre-feasibility of Solar Home System has been attempted for power generation at 3rd
Fleet Command in Sorong. Two scenarios that consist of off grid and grid
interconnection are assessed. The system is sized to account for the day-to-day military
applications. In this study, Life Cycle Cost method is used to determine the most cost-
effective way of proposed system. A LCOE (Levelized Cost of Electricity) is added to
calculate the amount of electricity cost generated by the system. Techno-economic data
can be found from major influence factors including initial investment costs, operational
and maintenance costs. To analyze the economic feasibility of the project, IRR (Internal
Rate of Return), Payback Period, and NPV (Net Present Value) methods are used. Power
consumption and demand based on data obtained from secondary analysis and official
statistics indicated that 1.13MW of installed Solar Home System capacity would address
daily energy needs. The initial capital cost of the system is estimated roughly at Rp.
3,210,000,000 and Rp. 5,632,000,000for grid interconnection and off grid scenarios,
respectively. While battery replacement is the main cash outflows of the project. This
research shows that renewable technologies, in particular Solar Home System, can be
technically feasible to form high energy independence at 3rd Fleet Command. However,
a tight budget is the major impediment to deal with demand management of the project.
Recommendations for future projects include the assessment of institutional capacity that
can be developed for other renewable program in the future, quantification of the
economic and social benefit of other potential renewable energy sources that can be
explored and coupled to the hybrid system.
Keywords - Solar Home System, 3rd Fleet Command, Sorong, Military Applications,
Life Cycle Cost, Levelized Cost of Electricity

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
109
 BEST-FIT ESTIMATION MODEL AND
OPTIMIZATION OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION
BASED ON CPO IN INDONESIA
1
Khusnul Khotimah, 2Wisnu Ramadhan, 3Yanif Dwi Kuntjoro
1,2,3
Departement of Energy Security, Faculty of Defense Management,
Indonesia Defense University

Abstract
The use of biodiesel as renewable energy in Indonesia is regulated by the government in
the form of mandatory policy of mixing biodiesel with diesel fuel (biosolar 20%).
Biodiesel production in Indonesia is only 1.703 kiloliters where the demand reaches 3.4
million kiloliters. This is because the selling price is always lower than the cost of
production. Biodiesel production is influenced by raw materials and process technology,
so it is necessary to estimate and optimize the production of biodiesel as a basis for
determining the supporting policies for the selling price of biodiesel. The nature of
biodiesel production itself is very complex with multi-sector and multi-actor conditions.
The purpose of this study is to develop a comprehensive sustainability model to draw
relationships and analyze the impact of government policies to stimulate the biodiesel
industry. Using combination of process mapping, technology, life cycle analysis and
estimation modeling and optimization of palm oil-based biodiesel production. In this
study, the time series model is used to analyze the estimated production of the total area
of oil palm cultivation in Indonesia. The forecasting models used are Linear-Trend-
Model (LTM), Double-Exponential-Smoothing (DES) and Auto-Regressive-Integrated-
Model-Average (ARIMA). Result analysis uses Mean Absolute Percentage Error
(MAPE) and Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD). Inventory planning and optimization
using Economic Production Quantity (EPQ).Complexity of related factors requires a
fuzzy scheme in finding the optimal solution. The overall estimation results show that the
ARIMA model is the best-fit model for production and the total planted area.
Specifically, ARIMA (0,1,1) has the lowest MAPE and MAD values, indicating that the
most numerous models are right to represent palm oil production. Estimated value
consistently increases by around 0.12% per year over the next ten years. Optimal results
using the fuzzy-EPQ method obtained the optimal amount of production in the first year
of 19.713 tons and an increase of 0.1% annually. The total inventory cost with the fuzzy-
EPQ method shows an 8.1% savings compared to this year's industrial policy, the total
inventory cost of Rp. 707.293.646.191. The results of this study can be used by
government to estimate the export-import of biodiesel from palm oil and allow them to
carry out better strategic planning, indirectly contribute to strengthening the position of
the biodiesel industry in Indonesia.
Keywords - Best-Fit Model, Estimation, Optimization, Biodiesel, Palm Oil

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
110
 LOW LEAKAGE POWER ALU DESIGN USING
IVC BASED GSA
1
P. Indira, 2Dr. M. Kamaraju
1 2
Research Scholar, Professor

Abstract
Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU) is defined as an important component and is
responsible for undergoing various arithmetic and logical functions in the microprocessor
and microcontroller. The entire ALU system comprises with the number of mathematical
operations, and each operation is carried out using individual subsystem in the digital
system design. The applications of ALU are extended to the number of appliances
namely calculators, mobile devices and supercomputers. But main limitations arises is the
power consumption and leakage power. The leakage power is observed to be a dominant
source in designing the nanometer sized digital circuits. The Input Vector control (IVC)
is observed as a well-known technique for leakage power reduction, and it provides least
leakage power by selecting the input Minimum Leakage Vector (MLV). In this research,
the gravitational search algorithm is applied to determine the MLV. Sixteen bit ALU is
designed using Verilog programming language and synthesized in Xilinx platform.
Gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is applied for individual input vector to determine
the optimized input test vector set and the result obtained shows that proposed approach
is efficient in electing the MLV and provides minimum leakage power. The developed
approach is compared with Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
techniques in terms of number of iterations to prove the effectiveness of the design. The
comparative analysis shows that gravitational search algorithm provides better optimal
value with less number of iterations.

Keywords - Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU), Input Vector Control (IVC), Minimum
Leakage Vector (MLV), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Gravitational Search
Algorithm (GSA), Xilinx

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
111


MANAGEMENT OF FISHING GROUNDS

LOCATION DETERMINATION EFFECTIVELY
AND EFFICIENTLY (AN IMPLEMENTATION OF
SONAR TECHNOLOGY AND THERMAL
IMAGING USAGE)
1
Tezza Adriansyah Anwar, 2Gagan Sugandi, 3Ari Purno Wahyu W
1,2,3
Widyatama University

Abstract
Indonesia is currently the number one country in Southeast Asia in the fisheries sector.
And the fishery sector became the main concern of the government. The government has
also provided several strategic policies that can improve the welfare of fishermen. The
contribution of fisheries to the national sector is also increasing every year. According to
the Central Bureau of Statistics, in 2015, catches in the fisheries sector reached 8.37% and
occupied the highest quarter in October. In the same year, the export of Indonesian fishery
reached 244.6 million US dollars while imports reached 12.5 million dollars. The current
fishing process is influenced by several factors: the size of the ship, the ship's engine, the
type of fishing gear, the catchment area, and the technology used. Another very important
factor is climate and water temperature conditions. Large fish will be at 280 C - 290 C
which is the catch of tuna and other big fish. Meanwhile, the current condition of small
fishermen still use the traditional way in fishing ground search. For example by paying
attention to the number of birds that fly above sea level or by seeing the number of bubbles
that arise from the seabed that can indicate the area where the fish ecosystem. This method
is not entirely effective because fishermen have to think about the estimated time and
efficiency of fuel use when looking for the fishing ground.To overcome this problem, this
research will illustrate the use of sonar technology that can detect fish presence and the use
of thermal imaging technology to describe sea surface temperature of fish catches. The
result of the use of this technology will be useful information that fishermen can use to go
directly to fishing ground so that the required time is more effective and efficient
considering the capacity of the ship and the fuel used.

Keywords - Sonar, thermal Imaging, aerial photos, fishing grounds.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
112
 MONITORING SOURCE, SOIL MOISTURE, AND
TYPES OF PLANT VEGETATION THROUGH
DRINK TECHNOLOGY AND REMOTE SENSING
(A Modern Agricultural Concept Application)
1
Ari Purno Wahyu Wibowo, 2Tezza Adriansyah Anwar,
3
Parlindungan
1,2,3
Widyatama University,

Abstract
The modern farming concept is a new method of how a system can monitor and present
information taken from various sensors and are connected to one application, in
developed countries the concept of modern agriculture is used to reduce high costs, for
example farmers will have difficulty monitoring the plantation area which is large and
separate, while still using traditional methods, the method will be time-consuming and
labor-intensive if the plantation area is located in hilly and remote areas, the most
important thing of the plantation area is the availability of adequate water supply and
conditions plants and soil fertility itself. This problem can be overcome using a Remote
Sensing method, where the input of the data is taken through an aerial photograph of a
drona or UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) using the UAV is deemed suitable for use in
the plantation area with a large field or hilly plantation area, data the drone or UAV will
be obtained by multispectral remote sensing method, and the NVDI (Normalized
DifferenceVegetation Index) method can display information about plant conditions, soil
fertility and water content as well as the amount of vegetation of any plant that lives in
the area based on data sets and data training used.

Keywords - Drone, Remote Sensing, NDVI, Springs

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
113
APPLICATION OF MACHINE VISION METHOD
ON INDUSTRY REVOLUTION 4.0 FOR PROCESS
OF SEQUENCE AND QUALITY CONTROL GEAR
PRODUCTION
1
Parlindungan, 2Tezza Adriansyah Anwar
3
Ari Purno Wahyu W
1,2,3
Widyatama University

Abstract

The gear is an important component used in vehicle engines and industrial machinery,
gear serves to transfer a motion energy from the engine block to another drive tool, so
that the condition of the gear that is often used can experience kerusakaan because of
excessive heat from the results of a very fast rotation, things can lead to rapid wear and
broken gear conditions, gear condition checks serve to avoid a more severe damage that
could impede performance on a vehicle engine or industrial machine. Under certain
conditions gear or observation can be done manually, but the condition is not possible if
large-scale or industrial gear inspection, on a large-scale examination can use machine
vision method, this method is very useful to check the circumstances of gear in time and
the number of gear components many, the display of this system the condition of the gear
will be visually visible based on the number of components or level of wear on the gear,
good gear conditions are only given a sign while in the gear in damaged condition will be
displayed by the system with the number of marking more than one depending on the
circumstances gear components are checked, each marking represents the value of area,
perimeter, metrci, Eccestricity, equivdiameter etc.

Keyword - Machine Vision, Gear, Smart Camera

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
114
 BAYESIAN HIERARCHY NONSTATIONARY
NEURAL NETWORK ON SHORT TERM
PREDICTION WIND POWER MODEL FOR
MEASURING WORK CAPACITY OF
WIND TURBINE
1
A.Prasetyowati , 2 D.Sudiana, 3 H.Sudibyo
1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Pancasila University,
Jl Raya Srengseng Sawah Pasar Minggu Jakarta, Indonesia
2
Department.of Electrical Engineering Indonesia University Depok,Indonesia

Abstract
Wind power prediction technology requires a computing system in the operator room in
the form of a wind power forecasting model. The wind power prediction model needed
by the operator in the PLTB is a forecasting model with a short term. The factors that
most influence the level of accuracy of wind power forecasting models are wind speed
and direction. One of the energy diversifications built in Indonesia is wind energy. Wind
farm development is being carried out in a number of regions in Indonesia. This
condition requiring the predicted wind power values with high accuracy values.The one
of operational constraints on wind land are the climatic conditions in Indonesia. These
climatic conditions cause wind speeds to have a non-stationary pattern. This condition
requires a prediction algorithm method that has special specifications to get the predicted
wind power values with high accuracy values. From the results of this prediction model,
it is obtained a reference value to measure the working capacity of wind turbines installed
in wind Farms. The purpose of this study is to make predictions of wind power and
measure the working capacity of wind turbines with processing historical time series data
from the wind farm in Pandansimo Yogyakarta. This Study using Bayesian non-
stationary hierarchy integrated with neural networks as a regression method. This
method used to determine the prediction of one day ahead of wind energy produced as a
reference value of the working capacity of the wind turbine. The results of study showed
the accuracy of hybrid models to produce predictive values that have the best accuracy
values compared to other wind power prediction models that have been carried out using
the same data and locations in previous studies. The accuracy of the working capacity of
wind turbines depends on the results of the predictions resulting from this study.
Keyword - Bayesian hirarki, Neural Network, NonStasioner, Wind Power, Wind Turbine

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
115
 THE APPLICATION OF INTERPRETIVE
STRUCTURAL MODELING TECHNIQUE
(ISM)TO STUDY ADOPTING MODEL OF GREEN
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
1
1,2
Jirawat Wongthongchai, 2Krittapha Saenchaiyathon
Faculty of Business Administration and Accountancy, Khon Kaen University,
Khon Kaen, 40000, Thailand

Abstract
Environmental concern has increasingly become an important issue in supply chain
management. Firms would gain competitive advantage by adopting green supply chain
management. However, green supply chain management will work effectively and
efficiently if the firm’s human resource department plays a major role in creating the
awareness and the value of adopting the concept of green. Hence, the objective of this
study was to investigate the relationships among all the relevant elements/variables
concerning green supply chain management and the role of human resource department
in the organization. We adopted the ISM technique to examine the relationships among
those elements/variables derived from the literature review, group discussion, and in-
depth interviews. Additionally, group discussion and in-depth interviews were also
adopted to examine the relationships among those elements/variables. The results were
satisfactory and the relationships among those key elements/variables were established.
Thus, the ISM technique is very useful in research and the relationships derived in this
study are considered robust.

Keywords - ISM technique, GSCM, Supply Chain Management, Green Training,

Human Resource

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
116
 APPLICATION OF RADIAL SHOCK WAVE
THERAPY TO STROKE PATIENT BASED ON
TENS METHOD
1
Wisnu Broto, 2Noor Suryaningsih, 3Fauzie Busalim, 4Ane Prasetyowati
1,2,3,4
Prodi Teknik Elektro Universitas Of Pancasila
Street. Srengseng Sawah, Jagakarsa, Jakarta, Pos.12640, Jakarta, INDONESIA

Abstract
TENS is an abbreviation of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation..
Transcutaneous means "across the skin". In simple terms, a TENS unit stimulates your
nerves via an electrical current through your skin. The TENS unit is powered by a 9 volt
battery which produces pain relieving electrical pulses. Either two (single channel) or
four (dual channel) self-adhesive electrodes are applied to the skin and attached to the
TENS unit with lead wires. Modified electrical pulses are then passed from the TENS
unit, via the lead wires and electrodes, to the nerves which lie underneath the skin
surface. It works on the superficial and spinal nerves traversing to the brain. TENS is a
noninvasive tool to assist with pain relief. Regular application of the TENs machine can
result in reduced pain for up to 4 hours following use. TENs is considered a pain relief
tool and not considered curative. The degree of pain relief declines with prolonged use;
three mode settings, Normal, Burst and Modulation. Constant Stimulation at the
frequency and pulse width setting. Most commonly used or acute pain relief via a gating
effect. Modulation. The frequency varies between different settings and uses a cyclical to
help reduce nerve adaptation. This is useful for acute and chronic pain relief. Burst Mode
is useful in chronic pain relief. The unit will send through a burst of pain relieving
power.

Keywords - Burst, Electrical pulse, Electrodes, Modulation, TENS

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
117
 A PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS ON THE CRIME
RATES IN MANILA
1
Deza, Jopeth B., Keh, 2Anthony Mar, Tamayo, 3Gio Luigi, Magisa, 4Jeremy
Marion S, Barcelo, 5Arne B
1,2,3,4,5
University of Santo TomasManila, Philippines

Abstract
The focus and objective of the study is to identify the statistically significant factors that
affect the occurrence of crime and predict crime rate in Manila within the jurisdiction of
Manila Police District of the Philippine National Police. To achieve these objectives, the
researchers made use of Moving Average, Multiple Linear Regression, and Cross-
Validation. Multiple Linear Regression was used for identifying the significant factors.
Cross-Validation was employed to test the model that was created from the regression.
Moving Average and Multiple Linear Regression was used for the forecasting of crime
rate. By using these analytical techniques, the researchers were able to forecast crime rate
and have also determined the most significant factors that affect crime, which are:
Incidents of Crime, Population Percentage/Population of the Area, Population in
Retirement Age, and Unemployment Rate.

Keywords - Crime rate, Factors, Predictive Analytics; Training Testing Data

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
118


A QUICK CHANGEOVER (SMED) SYSTEM

FRAMEWORK FOR THE COMPANIES USING
INJECTION MACHINES
Ufuk Cebeci
Istanbul Technical University

Abstract
The aim of this study is to build A Quick Changeover (SMED-Single Minute Exchange of
Dies) Decision Support System Framework for the Manufacturing Companies Using
Injection Machines to decrease setup time and to increase efficiency. Injection molding
machines are used industry commonly all over the world. Especially SMEs (Small Medium
Enterprise) do not use their machines very effectively such as long lasting setup times. It is
expensive to get consultancy for lean manufacturing such as SMED Quick Changeover,
“Poka Yoke” mistake proofing techniques. Therefore, it is developed A Quick Changeover
(SMED) System Framework for the manufacturing companies using injection machine in
their productions. The system can be used not only by SMEs but also big companies.

Keywords - SMED, Lean thinking, Industry 4.0, Decision Support System Software,
Injection Machines

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
119
THE STOCHASTIC MULTILEVEL STATE MODEL
FOR THE STUDY OF CAPTIVE ANIMAL’S
BEHAVIOR USING A NON-INVASIVE SENSING
METHOD
1
Phudinan Singkahmfu, 2Pruet Boonma, 3Wijak Srisujjalertwaja,
4
Anurak Panyanuwat, 5 Natapot Warrit
1
Department of Computer Science*, Faculty of Science,[2] Department of Computer Engineer,
Engineering Faculty, [3] Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, [4] Chiang Mai
University, Thailand, [5] Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences,
Chulalongkorn University, Thailand

Abstract
This article presents a stochastic multilevel-state model for the study of captive animal's
behaviors. The motivation of this article was the variety of behaviors influenced by
several factors. The data was collected from captive antelopes in Chiang Mai Night
Safari, Thailand, with an automated sensing system. Activities and environmental factors
in an enclosed space were surveyed with a non-invasive method. In this model, the
obtained data was separated into two main classes: an upper-level data group and a
lower-level data group. The upper-level group represented the environment such as
temperature, humidity, and light density. The lower-level group illustrated the location of
the animal. The data in both categories were clustered and linked with a stochastic
model. Both layers of data were handled independently in a clustering algorithm and
used to determine the probability of a state transition. Then, in order to predict the
animal’s location on the basis of its remaining behaviors, a Probabilistic Automaton (PA)
function was executed with the data derived from the sensors. This work will be
beneficial for future computerized methods utilized in zoo research such as behavior
monitoring and neighboring areas. Furthermore, it can be applied to attract tourists to
sites in which animals are naturally observed.

Keywords - Behavior monitoring, Zoo monitoring, Pattern Gathering, Data from the
sensor, Sensor data cleaning, Antelope Goral, Stochastic multilevel.

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
120
 THE POWER MANAGEMENT IN
ORGANIZATION USING REAL TIME POWER
CONSUMPTION MONITORING AND
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT APPROACH
1
Walaiporn Singkhamfu, 2 KanokwanChaiyaso, 3NarisraLaohapatanalert,
4
NikomThipnate, 5PhudinanSingkhamfu
1,2,3,4,5
College of Arts Media and Technology, Chiang Mai University,Thailand

Abstract
The objective of this study is to develop an information technology model for the
electricity consumption management of an organization in order to reduce the energy
usage and cost. Data used in this study were collected through interviewing and
surveying the staff’s in-and-out movement of a specific building and statistically
calculated to determine the hourly energy consumption index of all personnel in the
building. The real-time electricity consumption monitoring system showing daily,
weekly, and monthly information was installed into 2 large office rooms because these
rooms are usually unoccupied, and the usage periods of the rooms are random.
Additionally, the retrieved data were used to create a knowledge model using knowledge
Management (KM) principle in order to achieve political and managerial outcomes. This
study emphasized on activating the notification system via Line application and SMS in
case that there was an unusually high electric energy consumption and any events of
electricity usage after 18.00 to prevent a risk of fire. One of the outcomes of this study
was the electricity usage statistics of each room, each floor, and overall usage of an
organization; all of which can be further used in analyzing and planning the
organization’s energy policy aiming to effectively reduce the energy consumption and
cost. The results can also be beneficial to the management of the organization’s electrical
appliances, especially the air conditioning units, the monitoring of the electrical
appliances’ function and service lifetime, the maintenance planning, and replacement
planning at the end of their services, and the systematically awareness-raising campaign
regarding the importance of energy savings for the staff and students.

Keywords - Power monitoring, KM in organization, power sensor, power managements,

iot, energy saving, power usage in office

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
121
 ROLE OF FACEBOOK ON MARKETING AND
BRANDING OF BANKING PORTFOLIO’S
1
Divya Pathak, 2Marshal Mukesh Sahni
1 2
Research Scholar, Dean Student Welfare, Amity University

Abstract

Online branding initiatives and innovations are centrifugal to the strategic decision
making of the contemporary business organisations and forms the core of the corporate’s
mainstream operations. The marketplace – centric branding model of banking businesses
transformed to marketspace - centric branding and promotion campaigns. In pursuit of
gaining landmark online space, banking organisations are delineating their key impact
functions around social media channels like Facebook for branding of their product
portfolios. Brand communication through Facebook has emerged as one of the key
customer check points for raising product awareness as online communities are the new
opinion leaders. The century old governing principle of improving banking performance
by opening new branches has given way to enhancing visibility amongst Facebook users
and communities. This paper aims to document the impact of online social ecosystem on
branding of banking institutions and attempts to explain the positive influence of
Facebook communication on promoting banking operations.

Keywords - Banking Sector, Facebook Branding, Facebook Marketing, Online

Communities, Social Media Branding

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
122
 ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE &
MACHINE LEARNING IN MARKETING

1
Sushant Kumar Vishnoi, 2Dr. Teena Bagga
1
Research Scholar, 2Professor, Amity Business School, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh

Abstract
Technology integration into business domains (techno-centricism) is a century old
phenomenon, though the defining technologies of decades differ by incorporated
innovations, prevalent principles, processes and defined nomenclatures. Within these
technologies subsides the scope of future business strategies and performance
enhancements of inbuilt systems and processes. Contemporary marketing function
incorporates sizeable technology into mainstream operations and presents an added
advantage for brand promotion. This paper aims to document the insights of Artificial
Intelligence (AI) ecosystem and embedded technologies in marketing process and
organizations. Further it attempts to explain the AI-marketing nexus and build a basic
understanding of how their fusion is the future of successful business organizations.

Keywords - Artificial Intelligence, Deep learning, Machine learning, Marketing,

Technology

Proceedings of IIRAJ International Conference (2nd ICIRSTM 2018), U-Town Singapore, September 29 – 30, 2018
123
View publication stats