HERZLIA SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

GRADE 11 LIFE SCIENCES JUNE 2022

TIME: 2 ½ HOURS MEMORANDUM MARKS: 150

1.1.1. B✓✓

1.1.2. B

1.1.3. D

1.1.4. D

1.1.5. A

1.1.6. D /12/

1.2.1. Chlamydomonas✓

1.2.2. Natural✓ passive✓

1.2.3. Pilli✓/Slime Capsule

1.2.4. Transformation✓

1.2.5. Bacterium✓ /6/

1.3.1. A only✓✓

1.3.2. Both✓✓

1.3.3. None✓✓

1.3.4. A only✓✓

1.3.5. A only✓✓

1.3.6. Both✓✓ /12/

1.4.1. Toothpaste C ✓will grow the least✓ bacteria✓/is the most effective (3)

1.4.2. To ensure there was no bacteria initially in the agar✓✓ (2)

1.4.3. Toothpaste A had little area of no growth✓

Toothpaste B had all growth✓ (was ineffective)
Toothpaste C had the largest area of no growth✓ (3)

1.4.4.a. C✓ (1)

B. It had the largest area of no growth✓ (1)

1.4.5. Holes of equal size✓

Equal volumes✓
Same nutrient✓
Same depth (container)✓
Same time✓
Same temperature✓
ANY TWO (2)

1.4.6. Do it more than once✓

More petri dishes✓ (2)
Allow enough time for it take place✓

1.5.1. They are alive as they need to reproduce✓ OR have DNA but not alive as they do not
have the other characteristics of living things✓ and cannot live outside the hosts body (2)

1.5.2. They are viruses

1.5.3. replication✓ (1)

1.5.4. HIV is human immunodeficiency virus✓

AIDS is Aquired immunodeficiency syndrome✓ (2)
Or HIV is still a healthy person✓ but AIDS is in the final stages, getting opportunistic
infections✓
‘2.1.1.

Indication of taking un prescribed Percent✓

antibiotics✓

Fever 7

Respiratory tract symptoms 55

GIT symptoms 6-7

Teeth infections 16

Urinary tract symptoms 1

Other 16

✓✓ for each column

✓ Table (5)

2.1.2. Respiratory tract infections✓ lead to the largest✓ unprescribed antibiotic use✓ (3)

2.1.3. Large sample size✓ OR

More than once✓ (1)

2.1.4. ANY TWO Validity point (2)

2.1.5.a. Lack of food✓

Forget✓
Makes them feel bad✓ TWO only (2)

B. People dont finish a course of antibiotics so some bacteria are still living✓
These bacteria can mutate✓ (2)

C. Directly observed treatment short course✓

A responsible member of the community✓ reminds you to take your medication✓ (3)

d. They have a depressed immune system✓ so get opportunitstic infections✓ (2)

e. (5)
 DIAGRAM OF TB
Correct✓
Labels✓✓✓
Heading✓

2.2.1 RNA or DNA✓ (1)

2.2.2. Glycoproteins✓ or receptor molecules✓ or envelope proteins✓/antigen (1)

2.2.3. It is able to be identified as part of the hosts immune system✓ to evade the immune (2)
system✓

2.3.1. Immune system takes time to develop antibodies✓ after an initial infection ✓causing
initial response to be slow✓ thus resulting in chicken pox (3)

2.3.2. The number of antibodies never drops to zero.✓

When second infection occurs antibodies have already been made causing a faster
response✓ (2)

2.3.3. It s successful as it allows less time to pass in the body getting infected✓ and then
creating antibodies✓ OR less of a response to chicken pox✓ so kids don’t generally get
as sick✓ (2)

2.3.4. A vaccine will stimulate the body to create antibodies✓ by introducing it to a weekend
form the virus✓ allowing you to produce those antibodies in larger amounts quicker when
you are infected✓ (3)

2.4.1. The mosquito injects you with saliva✓ (1)

2.4.2. The liver✓ (1)

2.4.3. a. Sporozoites✓
b. Merozoites✓ (2)

2.4.4. It enters the red blood cells✓, multiples✓ and bursts out✓
It creates gametocytes after a few cycles of this✓ THREE ONLY (3)

2.4.5. People with sickle cell anaemia have a lower chance of getting malaria✓ as the parasite
cannot enter their blood cells✓.
This means it is an advantage to have sickle cell anaemia✓ so we see an increase in the
population of people with it✓ (4)
3.1.1. It attaches to the wall ✓ and inserts its D/RNA✓. It then takes hold of the cells own DNA
and makes more viral DNA from it✓, makes new capsids✓, assembles these✓ and
matures✓. Finally it bursts out of the cell✓
FOUR ONLY, but in the CORRECT ORDER (4)

3.1.2. bacteriophage✓ (1)

3.1.3. They will lose income✓ (1)

3.1.4. They can present it any way they want, but the basic steps should be there as follows:
Mushrooms produce spores in their gills✓→spores drop onto substrate✓→ produce
primary myclium✓→ 2 primary mycelium join to form a secondary mycelium✓→ and this
produces a mushroom (5)

3.1.5. It is a thallus body✓ or undifferentiated tissue✓ or network of hyphae✓ (1)

3.1.6. Budding✓ (1)

3.1.7. Carbon dioxide✓ (1)

3.1.8. Ethanol✓ (10

3.2.1. Sporangium✓ (1)

3.2.2. Sporangiophores✓ /mycelia (1)

3.2.3. Budding✓
Spores✓
Conjugation✓ (3)

3.2.4. When a spore lands on bread, it extends a hyphae into the substrate (bread)✓ which will
then start secreting an enzyme✓ which will digest and break down the bread✓. It is then
absorbed into thin myselium✓.
It spread quickly because it can share its nutrients✓ and organelles✓ to part fo the
fungus where they are needed✓ quickly✓

TWO FROM EACH (4)

3.3. Eutrophication is when fertilizer enters into a water body✓ causing plants to grow out of
control✓. They cover the sunlight✓ and eventually all the plants at the bottom die✓. This
causes bacteria to multiply✓ as they decompose the plants✓.
The bacteria will use up all the oxygen✓ and there is none left for the fish✓ (4)
3.4.1.

✓Heading
✓Type
✓✓Plotting
✓axis heading
✓scale
(7)

3.4.2. About 5✓✓ (accept based on their graph at 10%) (2)

3.3.1 The amoeba has had to work too hard to get rid of the water✓ and it dies✓ (2)

3.3.2. Mitochondria give energy✓ to ensure the contractions can work✓ (2)

3.4. They have a hard ectoplasm✓ which is pushed out of the way by softer endoplasm✓ so
they flow towards their food✓ (2)

3.5. They ingest food through phagocytocis✓ and have digestive vacuole✓ which will then (3)
merge with the food vacuole✓ to use the food.

3.6.1. Parasitic✓ it harms the host✓ (2)

3.6.2. ANY TWO causes of thrush✓✓ (2)

3.6.3. antibiotic/nystatin/yoghurt✓ ONE treatment (1)