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Auxiliary and Lockout

An 86 lockout relay serves as an intermediary between protective relays and control devices. It expands the number of controlled elements and provides a latching function requiring intentional reset. The relay trips in response to protective relays, opening normal closed contacts and closing normal open contacts to trip circuit breakers and send signals. The relay's latching behavior locks out the system, preventing remote closure until an operator manually resets the relay after investigating the cause of tripping.

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94 views7 pages

Auxiliary and Lockout

An 86 lockout relay serves as an intermediary between protective relays and control devices. It expands the number of controlled elements and provides a latching function requiring intentional reset. The relay trips in response to protective relays, opening normal closed contacts and closing normal open contacts to trip circuit breakers and send signals. The relay's latching behavior locks out the system, preventing remote closure until an operator manually resets the relay after investigating the cause of tripping.

Uploaded by

Eliyanto E Budiarto
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Auxiliary and Lockout

(86) Relays
Chapter 25 - Electric Power Measurement and Control Systems

 PDF Version

An important type of “accessory” relay, especially for legacy electromechanical


protective relays, is the so-called auxiliary or lockout relay, designated by the
ANSI/IEEE number code 86. The purpose of an 86 relay is to serve as an
intermediary element between one or more protective relays and one or more
control devices, both expanding the number of control elements actuated by
any one protective function and also providing a “latching” function which
must be intentionally reset in order to resume normal operation of the system.

Lockout Relay
Lockout relays are typically panel-mounted devices equipped with handles for
manual resetting. This photograph shows a lockout relay actuated by a
breaker fault (BF) function, requiring manual intervention before the system
may be returned to service:
This lockout relay is shown in the “Reset” position, having been placed in that
state by someone rotating the handle clockwise until it points vertically. When
a remote signal energizes this lockout relay’s trip coil, it moves by spring
action into the “Trip” position, the handle turning about 45 degrees counter-
clockwise and an orange “target” appearing just above the handle shaft. The
lockout relay will remain in this “tripped” state until returned to its “Reset”
position by human intervention.
The following photographs show what a lockout relay looks like when tripped
(top) and reset (bottom). The relay’s trip coil may be seen in both photographs
as a diagonally oriented metal component at the bottom:
Multiple sets of switch contacts operated by the common shaft inside the
lockout relay may then be used for a variety of functions, including sending
trip signals to circuit breakers, activating sirens, energizing indicator lamps,
sending status signals to other protective relays, inhibiting (blocking) other
relay functions, etc.

Normally Open and Normally Closed for


Latching Relays
When interpreting switch states in a latching relay such as this, the “reset”
state is considered the “normal” state (i.e. the state where the relay is “at rest”).
The actuating stimulus for an 86 relay is energization of its trip coil, and so the
“tripped” state of a lockout relay is its “actuated” state where all of its contacts
transition to their non-resting states (e.g. NO contacts closing and NC
contacts opening).
A typical application for an 86 lockout relay is in this generator protection
system, where a set of three differential current relays (87) sense any
imbalance in currents entering and exiting the generator’s stator windings.
This is a case where the detection of current imbalance needs to trip multiple
circuit breakers and signal a steam turbine control system in order to protect
the generator from possible damage:
If any of the differential (87) relays pick up, the lockout (86) relay’s trip coil will
become energized through one or more of the 87 contacts. This in turn causes
the lockout relay to switch to its tripped state by spring tension, opening the
NC contact to cut power to the 86 trip coil (and unlatch the 87 relay seal-in
circuits) and closing all four NO 86 contacts. Three of these closed contacts
then send DC station power to the trip coils of three different circuit breakers:
the main phase breaker trip coil (52-P/TC), the neutral breaker trip coil
(52-N/TC), and the trip coil of the breaker controlling DC power to the
generator’s field winding (41/TC). Another NO 86 contact sends a discrete
shutdown signal to the steam turbine’s emergency shutdown system (ESD) to
halt the flow of steam to the turbine and thereby prevent over-speeding.

The latching nature of the 86 relay means none of these circuit breakers may
be closed until someone turns the handle of the 86 relay back to the “reset”
position. This latching action “locks out” the generator and prevents any
remote attempt to place it back on-line until someone physically walks over to
the control panel and has an opportunity to investigate the reason for the trip.
This feature is particularly useful when a multitude of inputs are wired to trip
the 86 relay. In the case of a power generator, such inputs may include (but
are not limited to) a loss-of-field-excitation relay (40), a thermal overload relay
(49), and/or a directional power relay (32), the trip contacts of all these relays
paralleled with the differential current relay (87) contacts shown in the
example diagram such that closure of any one energizes the lockout relay’s
trip coil and takes the generator off-line. The requirement of manually
resetting the 86 relay prompts the human operator to survey which of these
relays was responsible for initiating the lockout trip.

REVIEW:
 An auxiliary relay provides additional contacts to provide control signals from one
original to multiple destination devices.

 Lockout relays are triggered by faults similar to a normal circuit breaker.

 Lockout relays, unlike most breakers, cannot be set remotely. Instead, a user must
physically reset the device to return to normal operation.

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