Unlocking the

potential of connected
healthcare in India
Saving INR 2,150+ Cr for public healthcare
by upgrading every bed to a connected bed

An Impact assessment
initiative by study conducted by
Table of Contents

Acknowledgements 3

Foreword 4

Executive Summary 5

Introduction 10

Millionicu Initiative: 13
Dozee’s Attempt To Re-Imagine Public Healthcare

Assessing Dozee’s Impact On 17

Public Healthcare Delivery

Research Findings And Insights 19

Case Study: 26
Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur

Way Forward 29

Appendix 31

2
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank all the 79 medical professionals across 6
hospitals in 4 states who participated in the study and provided
us with their valuable feedback to help us in deriving meaningful
insights out of their experience of using Dozee. We would also
like to thank all our data collectors and field teams, who visited
each hospital and collected data on our behalf in an efficient and
respectful manner.

We would also like to thank the Dozee team, without whom the
study wouldn’t have been possible. We thank Mudit Dandwate,
Pritish Gupta, Sameer Dashputre, Ajeesh Rajan, Chaitanya
Nimmakayala, Santosh Mishra and innumerable field staff for their
feedback and facilitation in compiling the report.

Published by Sattva Consulting and Supported by Dozee

Research, Analysis Sattva Consulting

and Production

Photo Credits Photo Credits: Dozee, Shutterstock, Picxy,

Images Bazaar

Visual Design Harshvardhan Gantha

Acknowledgements
Foreword 3
Foreword

Srikrishna Sridhar Murthy

CEO and Co-Founder, Sattva Consulting

The healthcare sector is one of the largest sectors in India At Sattva Consulting, we resonate with the need of integrating
in terms of both employment and revenue. With an aim to technology in our public healthcare delivery systems and also
increase health expenditure to 2.5% of GDP by 2025 and recognize the importance of public-private partnerships in
the launch of important health schemes such as Ayushman doing so. We are very excited to have partnered with Dozee,
Bharat Digital Mission, Government of India aims to prioritise one such innovation that we believe can play a catalytic role
improving health outcomes of the country. in solving some of the oft-talked about challenges in public
healthcare; to monitor, measure and evaluate the impact that
However, the reality of the sector remains that healthcare Dozee has had in public hospitals. Over the course of this
infrastructure in India falls short of the demands of its large study, we interviewed 14 doctors, 60 nurses and 5 Hospital
population. Total number of government hospital beds per administrations across six public hospitals in India and have
thousand vary widely across states, with most government triangulated our insights basis these conversations.
hospitals reporting understaffing, leading to increased stress
on their limited resources. The COVID-19 pandemic further We hope that the study methodology and insights have
accentuated the existing challenges, thus straining the helped the Dozee team to align their impact framework
limited infrastructure available. Given the constraints faced to their business objectives as well as revisit their internal
by the sector, technology and innovations in healthcare will processes to better measure and govern their impact. We also
need to play a significant role if India is to achieve its SDG 3 hope that this report enables greater adoption of the Dozee
targets by 2030. device in public healthcare facilities and that these learnings
can pave the way forward for increased adoption of more such
healthcare innovations in public healthcare delivery systems.

Mudit Dandwate
CEO and Co-Founder, Dozee

The last two years have been very significant for the Indian of thousands of patients. Our unique remote monitoring
healthcare ecosystem. The COVID-19 pandemic really solution has seen acceptance by hospital administration and
highlighted the acute challenges faced by our healthcare nurses alike and has been successful in reducing the patient
infrastructure, with problems like unavailability of secondary burden and improving the quality of patient care provided.
and tertiary care beds, lack of trained medical staff and As of March 2022, we have deployed 6600+ Dozee beds in
over-stressed hospital staff coming to the fore. However, 323 hospitals across 14 states.
this also catalysed a wave of innovation aimed to solve
these challenges with solutions like Telemedicine, Low- As part of our MillionICU initiative, we partnered with
cost oxygenation, Remote patient monitoring, use of AI in Sattva Consulting to help us measure, monitor and track
diagnosis and triaging of high-risk patients being widely the impact that we’ve created thus far and also provide
adopted in both private and public healthcare facilities. recommendations on pathways to improve our impact
footprint. We are also immensely grateful to all the doctors
At Dozee, we’re extremely proud that we were able to step and nurses who took time out of their busy schedules to
up as a company to launch our MillionICU Initiative at this participate in this study. We remain committed to our vision
time of need and partner with multiple stakeholders across of transforming public healthcare systems and shall continue
the ecosystem to integrate our solution in both public and to release annual impact reports of our work going forward.
private healthcare facilities and thus deeply impact the lives

Foreword 4
Executive Summary
India’s public healthcare infrastructure has huge challenges ICUs, enabling remote real-time monitoring of patients’ vitals
in terms of service accessibility and quality of patient such as heart-rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, cardiac
care. According to the Global Health Security Index 2021, performance, oxygen saturation, ECG and temperature. It
which measures a country's preparedness for epidemics also provides early-warning alerts for critical patients, in-
and pandemics, India ranks 66th out of all 195 countries turn allowing healthcare staff to make data-backed clinical
and 9th out of 13 countries that have a population size of decisions, thus easing the patient burden on hospital staff.
>100 million. There are challenges across the spectrum Dozee saw widespread adoption of their solution across
of availability, accessibility and affordability of healthcare public healthcare systems because of their role in helping
infrastructure and services in India that were further hospital administrations manage the COVID-19 pandemic.
accentuated and highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This led to the launch of MillionICU, an ambitious public-
Adopting innovative technology solutions in healthcare can private initiative which aims to convert 1 million hospital
help mitigate some of these challenges, while improving ward beds into connected step-down ICU beds with the
the overall quality of patient care in India - especially within installation of the Dozee devices.
public healthcare delivery. Government policies like the
Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) and regulations As an assessment partner to Dozee, Sattva Consulting
which allow 100% Foreign Direct Investment in the medical carried out an independent retrospective assessment
technology sector are a step in the right direction. However, study to measure the impact of Dozee and estimate its
there is also a need for targeted public-private interventions potential on the public healthcare delivery system in India.
which can help tackle these challenges. The assessment aimed to study the adoption and acceptance
of the device; its impact on workload of the medical staff;
Dozee is one such example of technology innovation its impact on quality of patient care and on operational cost
which could help solve some of the critical availability at hospitals; and the impact of digitisation of patient vitals.
and accessibility challenges faced by public healthcare Highlighted in the next page are some of the key findings and
institutions. An easy-to-use contactless remote patient insights from the assessment study.
monitoring and AI-powered early warning system, Dozee
upgrades hospital ward beds into connected step-down

Benefits of connected hospital infrastructure

Reduced patient burden for Increased operational

hospital staff, particularly nurses efficiencies for hospitals

Improved quality of patient care Cost savings for hospitals

Figure 1: Benefits of connected hospital beds

Please refer to the next four pages for a summary of the key findings and insights from the study

Executive Summary 5
Executive Summary

Executive Summary 6
Executive Summary

Executive Summary 7
Executive Summary

1
Between October 2020 - December 2021

Executive Summary 8
Executive Summary

Executive Summary 9
INTRODUCTION

10
A Healthcare System Desperate for Relief

Availability

155 5 1:588
out of in India

167 10,000 1:333 by WHO

India ranks 155 out of 167 India has only 5 beds India’s nurse-population ratio
countries in bed availability per 10,000 people of (1:588) is less than the WHO
recommended ratio (1:333)

Accessibility Affordability

25% Rural

73%
75%
Urban 27% 50-60 million people
driven into poverty annually due to out-of-pocket
Healthcare Population healthcare expenditure
infrastructure

Significant gap across rural-urban

healthcare infrastructure

Figure 2: Critical Challenges in Public Healthcare in India

India ranks 66th out of 195 countries and 9th out of 13 The challenge of availability of resources is further
countries (with populations over 100 million) on the exacerbated by the accessibility challenge, given the skewed
Global Health Security Index 2021, which measures nature of distribution of healthcare resources across
the capacity of a country to prepare for endemics and rural and urban areas. Over 75% of India’s healthcare
pandemics.2 infrastructure is concentrated in metropolitan regions,
where only 27% of the population lives. Furthermore, 74%
This signifies the need for increased investments in India’s of doctors in India work in urban areas, which indicates that
healthcare infrastructure and focused public-private policy 73% of the population in rural areas lacks access to even
interventions, some of which the NITI Aayog and MoHFW basic healthcare6 with medical practitioners in rural areas
has already begun. Even though public investment in under immense pressure and workload.
healthcare has seen an upward trend in the past few years, it
still falls short of the target of 2.5% of the GDP. It is precisely in this scenario that the private healthcare
market has attempted to bridge the gap, as evidenced by
India only has 5 hospital beds/ 10,000 population, ranking the fact that private healthcare delivery is responsible
155th out of 167 countries across bed availability as per for the treatment of >70% cases in both urban and rural
the Human Development Index.3 Shortage of relevant areas. However, affordability continues to be a significant
healthcare equipment along the continuum of healthcare barrier with quality private healthcare, with out-of-pocket
delivery have also been highlighted due to the COVID-19 healthcare expenditure reportedly driving 50-60 million
pandemic. India recently achieved the WHO recommended people into poverty on an annual basis.7
desired doctor-population ratio of 1:10004 . However, the
nurse-population ratio stands at 1:5885, which is much
lower than WHO’s recommended benchmark of 1:333.
2
Global Health Security Index 2021. 3 Human Development Index, 2021. 4 Lok Sabha Address 2022, Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare.
5
Indian Nursing Council Data, 2020. 6 KPMG - OPPI report on healthcare access initiatives, 2020. 7 Public Health Foundation India Study.

Introduction 11
Rise in Technology Solutions to support Public Healthcare systems
It is in this context that the need for technology and
digitisation in public healthcare delivery becomes all the patient care. For instance, Artificial Intelligence (AI) was of
more important so that existing healthcare resources immense help to hospital administrations in managing the
can be better leveraged to provide more accessible and COVID-19 pandemic. AI was leveraged for multiple purposes
affordable quality healthcare. Technology can be leveraged in the healthcare industry, from early-COVID-19 detection to
to streamline the operational and clinical processes for assisting patients and drug repurposing.
healthcare facilities in order to manage efficient patient
flow, promote virtual care protocols, and telehealth services. The ongoing pandemic has also increased the demand for
In turn, these can be leveraged to reduce the patient-load tech solutions that are designed for the Indian healthcare
burden to a large extent. system, especially in public health centres where the need is
the highest. The medtech industry in India (both public and
In this light, the launch and expected promotion of Ayushman private) has been dominated by international players, whose
Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) in 2022-23 is a welcome solutions are typically expensive and originally designed for
move by the Government of India. Under ABDM, each Western markets. Most of these devices have infrastructure
patient will have an individual and interoperable digital requirements that are just not available in an Indian public
Personal Health Records (PHR). The PHRs will allow patients health setting such as specially trained operators, high-speed
to access and share all their health records as well as provide internet and continuous electricity requirements. There is
wider discovery to healthcare resources like doctors, labs a need for intelligent indigenous solutions that provide high
and pharmacies. There has also been an increased focus on quality, affordable medical devices that are designed for the
the utilisation of technology within public hospitals across Indian system, are accessible and improve patient outcomes.
hospital management systems, medtech products and artificial The Indian government has actively sought to plug this gap
intelligence solutions, for digitising hospital workflows, with favourable regulations, allowing 100% Foreign Direct
delivering real-time diagnosis and improving overall quality of Investment to drive an ‘Atmanirbhar’ MedTech sector.

Increasing Demand of Technology solutions in Public Healthcare

Policy Initiatives

Ayushman Bharat 100% FDI

Digital Mission in MedTech products

A surge in the Medtech market

Tele/ digital consultation Remote patient Digitised hospital Personalised patient

diagnostics/ monitoring management care technology

Figure 3: Policy Impact on the Medical Technology Market in India

Introduction 12
 MillionICU INITIATIVE
Dozee’s attempt to re-imagine public healthcare

13
Dozee - Creating Connected Wards and Enabling Tele-ICUs
Dozee is an easy-to-use contactless remote patient The installation of Dozee devices sets up the provision for
monitoring and AI powered early warning system that risk scoring through the Dozee Early Warning Score (DEWS).
has seen widespread adoption in various hospitals across Based on this score, daily triage reports are created and
the country. It is a thin sensor sheet that goes under the shared with the doctors and nurses enabling them to prioritise
mattress and without direct contact with a patient, tracks high risk patients and improve clinical outcomes, while being
heart rate, respiration, cardiac performance, blood pressure, constantly alerted of deteriorating patient condition through
sleep and heart rate variability. It also comes with additional smart alert triggers. Each patient’s risk status can easily be
components to monitor oxygen saturation, ECG and accessed from the centralised web dashboard through a
temperature. Dozee has especially been an asset to public mobile app or on TVs installed in the hospital premises. The
hospitals, given that they have a patient load that is almost remote monitoring enabled by the device increases patient-
double of that of private hospitals. With its ease of use nurse safety by lowering human exposure and the risk of
and minimal training requirements, Dozee has been able to infections, reduces risk of manual error and saves time for
strengthen secondary and tertiary health infrastructure in both nurses and doctors alike.
district and sub-district hospitals in India, especially during
the COVID-19 pandemic. Dozee is also easily integrated for
domestic use in homes where patients require constant care
and monitoring.

Dozee Contactless Monitoring Device

Daily triaging report

Contactless remote Easy access to patient

monitoring vitals through mobile app

Centralised web dashboard Risk Scoring through

available on TVs installed Dozee Early Warning System
in hospitals (DEWS)

Figure 4: About the Dozee Solution

Million ICU Initiative 14

Dozee Solution for Hospitals
Integrated monitoring solution for Hospitals

ECG - 12 lead NIBP

HR, RR, NcBP, Sleep, AHI

Temp

Contactless vitals monitoring sheet SPO2

Dozee Pod

Additional components and accessories

Central patient monitoring dashboard and Doctor/ Nurse app

Dozee allows contactless real-time monitoring of patients’ vitals such as heart-rate, respiration rate, cardiac
performance, blood pressure, temperature and oxygen saturation. Coupled with hospital dashboards for centralised
monitoring and doctor/ nurse apps for immediate alerts, Dozee provides a holistic monitoring solution for hospitals
NcBP: Non-Contact Blood Pressure | AHI: Apnea Hypopnea Index | IBP: Non-Invasive Blood Pressure

Installation of Dozee in ward beds Centralised monitoring of patients vitals

Million ICU Initiative 15

 Current adoption of Dozee in India

6,600+ beds upgraded

in 323 hospitals across 14 states

Delhi
Gangtok
Ajmer Jodhpur
Shillong

Kolkata
Indore

Aurangabad Bhubaneswar
Nashik
Jalna
Beed Jagdalpur

Bidar Hyderabad
Viyajawada
Hubli
Shimoga
Bengaluru Chennai
Mysore
Madurai
Cochin Coimbatore

Figure 5: Use of Dozee Devices in Hospitals Across India

Given the success of Dozee devices in helping government In the immediate time frame, this initiative shall upgrade a
hospitals manage the COVID-19 pandemic, Dozee further certain number of regular beds in public hospitals (equivalent
aims to be an integral part of the transformation of secondary to the number of ICU beds in the hospital) across India into
and tertiary healthcare services across India. Co-opting the connected step-down ICUs using Dozee’s non-contact
Government’s vision of ensuring universal healthcare which sensors providing an intermediary level of care for at-risk
is accessible to all, Dozee launched the ‘MillionICU Initiative’, patients, and thus enabling remote and central monitoring
an ambitious initiative to address the massive shortage of of patients at the ward level. Over time, the initiative shall
ICU beds in public hospitals with the aim to alleviate the aim to upgrade every non-ICU bed in hospitals. Coupled
immense load on both healthcare infrastructure and staff. with nurse and doctor training on the use of devices and
its features, this initiative enables the setting up of a 24x7
Dozee intends to convert 1 million hospital ward beds into central patient monitoring cell that aims to monitor critical
connected step-down ICU beds with the installation of patients at district, state and country-level also if required.
Dozee remote sensing devices through this initiative.
The MillionICU Initiative has been a success story so
far, already impacting 54,273 lives in 323 hospitals
across 14 states.

Million ICU Initiative 16

ASSESSING DOZEE’S IMPACT ON
PUBLIC HEALTHCARE DELIVERY

17
About the Impact Assessment Study
As an independent assessment partner, Sattva Consulting Sampling
conducted a retrospective impact assessment study on the
impact and potential of Dozee devices across the public Sattva conducted this study across 6 hospitals in India
healthcare system in India. to understand the adoption, effectiveness and impact of
Dozee devices in providing medical care assistance to public
Objectives hospitals in India. This was achieved by interviewing 14
doctors and 25 nurses, 5 admin heads at hospitals and 8
The assessment aimed to study the adoption and acceptance Dozee field team members. The opinions of an additional 35
of the device; its impact on workload and stress levels of nurses were captured through a survey shared with them to
the medical staff, primarily nurses; its impact on quality of allow for convenient sampling keeping in mind the feasibility
patient care and on operational cost at hospitals; and the of their mobilisation during the COVID-19 pandemic.
impact of digitisation of patient vitals for the medical staff.

Objectives

Adoption and acceptance Reduction in workload of Impact on quality of

of the Dozee solution medical staff patient care

Digitisation of patients Impact on operational and

vitals’ and reports cost efficiencies for hospitals

Figure 6: Parameters Assessed in the Impact Research

Sampling of the Study

6 14 60 5
Hospitals Doctors Nurses Admin heads
(through personal
interviews and surveys)

Figure 7: The Reach of the Impact Study

Assessing Dozee’s Impact on Public Healthcare Delivery 18

RESEARCH FINDINGS AND INSIGHTS

19
More than 90% nurses found Dozee’s continuous monitoring useful
and believed that Dozee improved quality of patient care
Under this initiative, especially during the second wave of the The Dozee continuous vital monitoring and alert system
COVID-19 pandemic, wards across various public hospitals in has been helpful and effective as we manage a huge
the country were upgraded into connected step-down ICUs in patient load in our hospital. The data is accurate and
just 15 minutes. Nurses and doctors across public hospitals helps doctors to decide the treatment for the patient.
were successfully trained on the usage of the devices in less – Ward Incharge Nurse, Indira Gandhi Government Medical
than 1 day, which has been one of the key drivers behind the College, Nagpur
widespread acceptance and adoption of the Dozee solution.
The product allows for digitisation of patient records
Given the ease and convenience of upgrading ward across multiple devices, saving valuable working hours of
beds into connected beds, the MillionICU initiative has medical and administrative staff, who no longer need to
the capacity to upgrade 700,000+ hospital ward beds feed this information manually into hospital administrative
across the existing 8,000+8 secondary and tertiary systems. Doctors and nurses find this Dozee report to
care hospitals. be comprehensive and reliable, providing crucial patient
monitoring data that was not being captured through manual
The immediate acceptance of Dozee seen across the hospitals monitoring. This allows doctors to better evaluate each
is primarily because of its multifaceted ability to take over patient’s condition and plan accordingly. The added fact that
repetitive work of doctors and nurses in wards. The product the report provides historical as well as present vitals trends
is capable of efficiently remotely monitoring a patient’s vitals, makes it useful for academic research as well.
providing automated triaging and aid in quick and appropriate
treatment protocols. Through the study, it was also established that 94% of
nurses find Dozee’s continuous monitoring useful and 90%
of the nursing staff believed that patients would benefit if
the device is scaled to cover all patients in the hospital.

Quick and efficient transformation of hospitals

15 minutes <1 day

Time to upgrade to connected step-down ICU beds Time for nurse and doctor trainings

Widespread adoption of the Dozee device by nursing staff

94% find Dozee’s continuous

monitoring useful

90% believe that patients would benefit

if the device is scaled for all patients

Figure 8: Adoption of Dozee across hospitals and hospital staff

8
IndiaDataInsights

Research Findings and Insights 20

97% of the nurses surveyed believed that patient health care should
be digitised, 88% leverage Dozee’s reports
The use of Dozee devices enables remote monitoring of 97% nurses and doctors think that patient health care
patients’ vitals and digitises their data to create daily triaging data should be digitised going forward and 88% nurses
reports which can be accessed by hospitals, doctors and already leverage the daily triaging reports for efficient
nurses digitally. decision making.

These triaging reports are often shared with doctors by the It is a boon because manual errors can be avoided
nurses on their devices, allowing for paperless monitoring which and also continuous monitoring is more efficient
helps doctors prioritise their rounds around critical patients. than manual periodic monitoring.
The usefulness of Dozee Early Warning Score (DEWS), shared – Doctor, ESI Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka
digitally with the doctors, has been repeatedly emphasised by
the medical staff at hospitals making use of the device.

Hospital staff root for digitisation of healthcare data

97%
see benefit in digitisation
of patient healthcare data

88%
leverage the daily triaging
report to aid their decisions

Figure 12: Response of hospital staff on digitisation of patients’ vitals

Research Findings and Insights 21

~2.5 hours saved every day for nurses, resulting in significant
reduction in daily nurse workload
Prior to the installation of Dozee, nursing staff manually decrease in their workload post installation of Dozee devices,
monitored vitals at specified time slots, recording them into leading to lowered stress levels through digitisation.
physical files for the doctors to refer to. This was a time, effort
and resource intensive model. Post adoption of Dozee, most Nurses and doctors do not have to visit patients very
vitals are continuously recorded on the device and presented frequently as the Dozee devices provide continuous
to doctors through electronically generated reports, saving monitoring of patients' vitals, so the workload is
crucial man hours for both doctors and nurses. reduced and our stress levels have also decreased.
– Staff Nurse, Beed District Hospital, Beed, Maharashtra
On an average day, a nurse reported recording a patient’s
vitals 5 times a day, spending ~50 mins per patient on the Given the low nurse-patient ratio in the country and the
activity. Through the assessment study, the nurses reported resource constraints in the public healthcare system, Dozee
that with the regular use of the Dozee device, they were able increases the potential of a nurse to monitor 16 additional
to monitor and record a single patient’s vitals in just 10 mins. patients per day.
There has been an 80% overall decrease in the time spent by
nurses to monitor a patient’s vitals. Assuming the ideal nurse- As a result, the overall shortage of ~4.3 mn nurses
patient ratio of 1:4, as prescribed by the WHO, this would in India can be reduced by ~1 Mn nurses through the
result in ~2.5 hours saved by a single nurse everyday. adoption of automated patient monitoring systems
across secondary and tertiary public hospitals.
This has further implications in the form of reduction in
workload and stress of the nurses. 70% nurses reported a

Significant Nursing Hours saved

Prior to using Dozee Post using Dozee

~50 minutes Time taken to monitor

~10 minutes
/patient/ day /patient/ day
patients’ vitals

~2.5 hours
Time saved/ nurse/ day by using Dozee

16 patients
Estimated additional patients that
can be monitored by a nurse/ day

Figure 9: Impact of Dozee on healthcare delivery

Research Findings and Insights 22

~144 estimated lives saved annually for every 100 Dozee beds due to
timely escalations and improved quality of care
Dozee works to eliminate the lag in constant monitoring due deep-trust in Dozee’s ability to improve quality of patient
to the limitations imposed by the need to manually check the care. These are clearly highlighted through the study as 83%
vitals. It tracks the patient’s vitals continuously, providing of nurses believed that automated monitoring helped them
constant updates on the health of the patient, allowing for in providing accurate, time sensitive and correct critical
timely decision making and improved quality of patient care. care to the patients and 77% nurses feel more confident
of a patient’s health if their vitals are being continuously
On average, a Dozee device provides ~ 0.12 life saving alerts monitored through the Dozee devices.
in a month and as of December 2021, Dozee devices have
already enabled 1,874 timely escalations through automated 110,000+ lives can be potentially saved annually if the
alerts. This means, for every 100 Dozee-powered beds, an MillionICU initiative is scaled across public healthcare
estimated ~144 lives are saved annually 9. Dozee’s early in India.
warning system has resulted in the medical staff building

Nurses respond positively to Dozee

83% rooted for automated

monitoring

77% rely on Dozee’s continuous

vitals monitoring

Figure 10: Response to Dozee’s continuous automated monitoring

Impact of Dozee’s life saving alerts

~0.12 alerts
Number of life saving alerts/
Dozee device/ month

1,874 alerts
Total Life-saving alerts triggered10

~144 lives
Estimated number of lives
saved /100 Dozee beds/ year

Figure 11: Dozee’s impact on quality of patient care

9
For detailed calculations, please write to impact@dozee.io 10
Between October 2020 - December 2021

Research Findings and Insights 23

~3,700 additional patients can be provided critical care for every
100 Dozee beds due to more efficient hospital bed utilisation
The use of Dozee devices not only has the potential to reduce The assessment study reported a decrease of 0.7 days in the
stress on the overburdened medical staff across the country average stay of a patient in a hospital ward and a decrease
and save lives through timely escalations, but also optimise of 1.3 days in the average stay in an ICU bed. This is a result
the use of hospital resources and cost to patients. Automated of the Dozee device helping medical professionals make
vitals monitoring and real-time alerts in case of deteriorating more informed and efficient treatment decisions - resulting
patient vitals allow ICU beds to be used for the most critical in timely escalations to HDU/ ICU wards or early discharge of
patients and enable an earlier discharge of patients in both patients, as reiterated by 77% of all nurses surveyed.
hospital wards and ICUs.

Treating more patients by optimising hospital bed utilisation

1.3 days 0.7 days

Decrease in average stay in Decrease in average stay in
ICU beds hospital ward beds

2,500 patients 1,200 patients

Estimated additional patients Estimated additional patients treated
treated in ICUs/ 100 Dozee in wards/ 100 Dozee beds/ year
beds/ year

3,700 patients
Estimated additional patients
treated/ 100 Dozee beds/ year

~3 Million patients
Estimated additional patients treated by
public healthcare system/ year

Figure 13: Impact of Dozee on hospital bed utilisation

The Dozee devices have impacted positively in the Assuming peak capacity at public hospitals, 1200 more
ICU/HDU patient discharge rate. It has helped in early patients can be treated in wards and 2500 more patients
discharge from ICU and better usage of ICU beds as can be treated in ICUs for every 100 Dozee beds every year.
well in monitoring patients shifted from ICU. As a result, 3700 more patients can be provided critical
– Administrative Staff, Indira Gandhi Government Medical medical care per 100 Dozee beds annually due to increased
College, Nagpur, Maharashtra ICU/ward bed utilisation.11

The adoption of Dozee devices across public healthcare

facilities could potentially unlock the treatment
of almost an additional 3 million patients annually
(assuming peak capacity at these facilities) across India.
11
For detailed calculations, please write to impact@dozee.io
Research Findings and Insights 24
Direct Annual savings of ~INR 2.3 Crores can potentially be unlocked
for every 100 Dozee beds due to improved bed utilisation
As a result of the reduced ICU and ward bed utilisation, there indirect annual cost savings of ~INR 0.4 Crores as a result of
has also been a 26% decrease in per patient treatment cost 27,000+ nursing hours saved per 100 Dozee beds annualy.12
in the ICU, and a 14% per patient treatment cost in hospital
wards for public hospitals. This would lead to direct annual If scaled across the public healthcare system, the
savings of ~INR 2.3 Crores for every 100 Dozee beds for MillionICU initiative could result in total potential
public healthcare delivery, assuming that healthcare facilities savings of INR 2,150+ Cr for the public healthcare
are running at standard occupancy rates in ward and ICU system in India.
beds. In addition to these direct savings, there are also

Cost saving potential of Dozee

Direct Savings Indirect Savings

26% 14% 27,000+ hours

Decrease in patient Decrease in patient Nursing hours saved annually/100
treatment cost in ICU treatment cost in Dozee beds
hospital wards

~₹ 2.3 Cr ~₹ 0.4 Cr
Estimated direct annual Estimated indirect annual savings/
savings/ 100 Dozee beds 100 Dozee beds as a result of
nursing hours saved

~₹ 2,150+ Cr
Estimated savings across
public healthcare system

Figure 14: Impact of Dozee on treatment costs

For detailed calculations, please write to impact@dozee.io

12

Research Findings and Insights 25

 CASE STUDY
Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra

26
Supporting Indira Gandhi Government Medical College in its fight
against COVID-19
Indira Gandhi Government Medical College and Hospital 150 HDU beds were upgraded by Dozee devices due to which
(IGGMC) is one of three Government Medical Colleges in doctors and nurses were able to continuously monitor heart-
Nagpur, Maharashtra. Equipped with 822 beds, it admits rate, respiration-rate and SPO2 of more than 1800 patients
90-120 patients per day, at the charge of INR 30 per day for through a central patient monitoring platform. Dozee’s ad-
general ward, and INR 400 per day for ICU stay. vanced health intelligence algorithms tracked patient’s vitals
continuously and converted them into risk scores. Based on
When the COVID-19 pandemic first broke out in India in timely early warning alerts generated with these risk scores,
March 2020, IGGMC was quick to upgrade itself to fight 200+ patients were transferred to ICU and provided with
against the virus. An ICU ward with 172 beds capacity and life-saving medical support.
an HDU ward with 394 beds were prepared in the surgical
complex of the hospital to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. The hospital had ~350 nurses and ~150 non-nurse ward staff,
However, the hospital staff were still overwhelmed with the who were trained on the go for adoption of new technology
onslaught of COVID-19 cases. The need for constant manual on a day-to-day basis by Dozee’s on-ground team. Addition-
monitoring of patient vitals coupled with a lack of vaccines led ally, the central monitoring platform enabled a single nurse
to an increased risk of infection among the staff and the hos- monitor up to 150 beds at any given time. This allowed for
pital was struggling to optimise time utilisation of its medical remote, contactless patient monitoring, the records of which
staff. At this critical juncture, IGGMC sought the help of Do- could easily be accessed by the doctors in the form of a dash-
zee to shift to a remote vitals monitoring approach in order to board on their digital devices.
reduce the burden on the healthcare staff and limit their risk
of infection. The deployment of Dozee devices saw an immedi-
ate impact on the quality of healthcare provided to patients at
this critical time, positively affecting thousands of lives.

Case Study 27
 Dr. Vaishali Shelgaonkar
28 years of experience
Associate Professor and Head of Department of Anaesthesiology, IGGMC, Nagpur

Recognizing the potential of the Dozee device, Dr. Vaishali and every patient and missing out the critical patient is not
believes that there. Same is for the junior doctors. If they need any opinion,
I am able to suggest & ask the junior doctors to change
It helped reduce exposure with the patients, especially certain treatment accordingly with the help of the dozee
during COVID-19 situation. Time and energy were saved, monitoring data and reports.”
as other productive work could be done now. It also
added to patient safety. Dozee also helped identify the She and other doctors feel more confident of a patient’s
critical patient adequately. Digital monitoring helped to health if their vitals are being continuously monitored
identify high-mid-low risk patients with timely insights through the Dozee devices even when they are not in the
which helped to prioritize critical patients. ICU/HDU. According to Dr. Vaishali,

Dr. Vaishali also applauded the effectiveness of Dozee in It is easier now to exchange medical information/opinion
reducing stress of the medical staff by facilitating efficient across medical staff/departments due to digitisation as
identification of critical cases, “The stress of going to each the data is accessible as and when required.

Rekha Janega
16 years of experience
Staff nurse

Similar sentiments have been expressed by the nursing Rekha also feels that “the overall workflow has been fast
staff at IGGMC, Nagpur. Rekha Janega, a staff nurse at now since patient’s data is already available to the doctors
the hospital recounts an experience where Dozee played a directly. Using non-Dozee ICU machines is time consuming, as
crucial part in saving a patient’s life during the peak of the manpower is less we are not able to attend to more patients
pandemic. at a time. Cases like COVID-19 positive patients, patients
in ICU, HDU, and surgical patients need continuous patient
I remember one case in ward no. 37 during the monitoring and it helps us to know before time which patient
pandemic. We received an alert from the Dozee needs to be treated first.”
device for that patient. As soon as we received it, we
immediately transferred him to the ICU ward and Stressing the need for scaling the use of the device due to its
started giving the best treatment before time. Hence, potential impact on medical staff, Rekha mentioned that, “Yes,
we were able to save the patient’s life and he survived. it will be beneficial to medical staff as well. Their workload is
reduced and time is saved from such tasks. This time can now
be utilised for giving other proper services to the patient.”

Mohammed Sharib Haidry

15 years of experience
Staff nurse

Similar thoughts are shared by Mohammed Sharib Haidry, a pediatrics in-charge sister nurse, and Sunita Shende, a ward
a staff nurse, who believes that in-charge sister nurse also felt the need for a separate central
monitoring system and high-speed internet connectivity in
Patients will be benefited if this device is scaled to each ward to enable efficient remote monitoring. “A separate
cover all patients in the hospital as they will receive ipad or central monitoring system should be provided for
good nursing care and timely treatment. each ward. Secondly, internet connectivity should also
be provided separately, reducing the dependence on the
The COVID-19 pandemic has fast tracked the shift to a hospital's internet.”
digital first model in all spheres of life. Minakshi Ramtekkar,

Case Study 28
 WAY FORWARD
Maximizing the potential of Dozee solution

29
The insights from this impact assessment study have been
very promising. While the sample size was limited, the strong
adoption and recommendations received for Dozee thus far,
reinforce the fact that Dozee helps mitigate several critical
healthcare infrastructural challenges and has the potential
to create deep systemic impact for public healthcare delivery
systems. Going forward, Dozee could further deepen its
impact through two key pathways-

Product Innovations for public healthcare delivery

There is potential for further product innovation to create

greater systemic impact for public healthcare institutions.
Product features like real-time connected hospital bed
networks displaying availability of hospital beds at the ward,
hospital, district and state level health facilities through
multilevel dashboards could enhance accountability and
health outcome visibility for governments and health policy
makers across all levels. These decision makers would also
have access to anonymised data on bed utilisation, discharge
rates, patient comorbidity profiles and demographic
analysis for more informed hyper-local policy and public
interventions.

In addition to this, Dozee can also aim to include other

affordable wearable technologies to enable round-the-clock
monitoring of patients’ vitals. These would also support
complete digitisation of patient records and visibility into
patients’ health for clinicians. Such innovations could easily
dovetail with the ABDM (Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission)
and would help hospitals adopt ABDM protocols and
integrate digital health records more easily.

Operational Model of MillionICU

While the Dozee innovation stands to be a gamechanger for

hospital operations, Dozee team needs to ensure regular
training of nursing staff, doctors and other supporting staff
on not only the vitals monitoring technology, but also other
related accessories such as desktop or mobile app, which
would also lead to digital upskilling of clinicians. Given the
operational constraints, there is also high potential for Dozee
to partner with local implementation organisations and
non-profit organisations that have active relations with local
healthcare administrations and contextualised experience of
geography-specific implementation/ training.

With technologies like Dozee coming to the forefront, we

are excited about what the future holds. These Made-in-
India technologies have the potential to truly help India’s
healthcare infrastructure leapfrog into the best-in-class at a
global level.

Way Forward 30
34