Class 12 - Applied Mathematics

Sample Paper - 05 (2022-23)

Maximum Marks: 80

Time Allowed: : 3 hours

General Instructions:

1. This question paper contains five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
2. Section - A carries 20 marks weightage, Section - B carries 10 marks weightage, Section - C carries 18 marks weightage,
Section - D carries 20 marks weightage and Section - E carries 3 case-based with total weightage of 12 marks.
3. Section – A: It comprises of 20 MCQs of 1 mark each.
4. Section – B: It comprises of 5 VSA type questions of 2 marks each.
5. Section – C: It comprises of 6 SA type of questions of 3 marks each.
6. Section – D: It comprises of 4 LA type of questions of 5 marks each.
7. Section – E: It has 3 case studies. Each case study comprises of 3 case-based questions, where 2 VSA type questions are of
1 mark each and 1 SA type question is of 2 marks. Internal choice is provided in 2 marks question in each case-study.
8. Internal choice is provided in 2 questions in Section - B, 2 questions in Section – C, 2 questions in Section - D. You have to
attempt only one of the alternatives in all such questions.

Section A
1 2
1. Adjoint of matrix [ ]  is:
3 4

∣1 2∣
a) ∣ ∣
∣3 4∣

∣ 4 −2 ∣
b) ∣ ∣
∣ −3 1 ∣

1 −2
c) [ ]
−3 4

∣4 2∣
d) ∣ ∣
∣3 1∣

2. Since α = probability of Type-I error, then 1 - α

a) Probability of not rejecting H0 when H0 is true.
b) Probability of rejecting H0 when H0 is true.
c) Probability of rejecting H0 when Ha is true.
d) Probability of not rejecting H0 when H0 is true.
3. The effective rate of return, which is equivalent to a declared rate of 12% compounded semiannually is:
a) 11.86%
b) 12.36%
c) 12.54%
d) 11.98%
4. The objective function of an LPP is
a) a relation between the variables
b) none of these
c) a constrain
 d) a function to be optimized
∣ a a + 2b a + 4b ∣
∣ ∣
5. The value of a + 2b a + 4b a + 6b is
∣ ∣
∣ a + 4b a + 6b a + 8b ∣

a) 3a + 6b
b) 0
c) none of these
d) 2b
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6. For a random variable X, E(X) = 3 and E(X2) = 11. Then variance of X is
a) 8
b) 5
c) 2
d) 1
7. The mean and variance of a binomial distribution are 4 and 3 respectively, then the probability of getting exactly six
successes in this distribution, is
10
6
a) 16
C6 (
1
) (
3
)
4 4

b) 12
C6 (
20
1
)(
3

4
)

6
10
c) 16
C6 (
1

4
) (
3

4
)

6
6
d) 12
C6 (
1

4
) (
3

4
)

dy 2y
8. The solution of the differential equation dx
=
x
 = 0 with y(1) = 1 is given by:
a) x = 1

b) y = 1

2
x

c) x = 1
2
y

d) y = 1

9. In a 400 m race, A gives B a start of 5 seconds and beats him by 15 m. In another race of 400 m, A beats B by 7
1

7
seconds. Their respective speeds are:
a) 8 m/sec, 7 m/sec
b) 5 m/sec, 7 m/sec
c) 9 m/sec, 7 m/sec
d) 6 m/sec, 7 m/sec
10. If A is any square matrix of order 3× 3 such that |A| = 3, then the value of |adj A| is
a) 3
b) 1

c) 9
d) 27
11. Two vessels A and B contain milk and water mixed in the ratio 5 : 2 and 7 : 6 respectively. The ratio in which these two
mixtures be mixed to get a new mixture containing 69 3
% milk, is:
13

a) 5:7
b) 2:7
c) 5:2
 d) 3:5
12. The solution set of system of linear inequalities
2(x + 1) ≤ x + 5, 3(x + 2) > 2 - x, x ∈ R is
a) [-1, 3)
b) (-1, 3)
c) [-1, 3]
d) (-1, 3]
13. In a race of 200 m, B can give a start of 10 m to A and C can give a start of 20 m to B. The start that C can give to A in
the same race is:
a) 30 m
b) 25 m
c) 29 m
d) 27 m
14. Let X1 and X2 are optimal solutions of an LPP, then
a) X = λ X1 + (1 + λ ) X2, 0 ≤  λ  ≤  1 give an optimal solution
b) X = λ X1 + (1 + λ ) X2, λ ∈ R gives an optimal solution
c) X = λ X1 + (1 - λ ) X2, λ ∈ R is also an optimal solution
d) X = λ X1 + (1 - λ ) X2, 0 ≤  λ  ≤  1 gives an optimal solution
15. The maximum value of Z = 2x + 3y subject to the constraints: x + y ≤ 1, 3x + y ≤ 4, x, y ≥ 0 is:
a) 5
b) 3
c) 4
d) 2
16. Which of the following symbols represents a population parameter?
a) r
b) O
c) σ
d) SD
9

17. ∫ x

2
6
dx is equal to
(4x +1)

−5

a) 5x
1
(4 +
1
2
) + C
x

−5

b) 10
1
(
1

2
+ 4) + C
x

−5

c) 10x
1
(
1

2
+ 4) + C
x

−5

d) 1

5
(4 +
1

2
) + C
x

18. The graph of time series is called:

a) Ogive
b) Histogram
c) Straight line
d) Historigram
3 −1 0
⎡ ⎤
–
19. Assertion (A): The matrix A = ⎢ 3

2
3√2 1 ⎥ is rectangular matrix of order 3.

⎣ ⎦
4 3 −1

Reason (R): If A = [a ] , then A is column matrix.

ij
m×1

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

 b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
20. Assertion (A): If two positive numbers are such that sum is 16 and sum of their cubes is minimum, then numbers are 8,
8.
Reason (R): If f be a function defined on an interval I and c ∈ l and let f be twice differentiable at c, then x = c is a point
of local minima if f'(c) = 0 and f"(c) > 0 and f(c) is local minimum value of f.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
Section B
21. State the two normal equations used in fitting a straight line.
22. A banker credits the fixed deposit account of a depositor on a continuous basis. As a result, the effective rate of interest
earned by a depositor is 9.43%. Find out the rate of interest that is allowed by the banker. What is the effective rate of
interest if it is compounded on quarterly basis?
12 1

23. Evaluate the integral:  ∫ x(x − 4) 3 dx

4
2
∣x x 1∣
∣ ∣
24. Find the integral value of x, if 0 2 1 = 28 .
∣ ∣
∣3 1 4∣

OR

∣ 2 3 −2 ∣
∣ ∣
Evaluate Δ = 1 2 3 by expanding it along the second row.
∣ ∣
∣ −2 1 −3 ∣

25. Find the remainder when 2100 is divided by 11.

Section C
26. Consider a bond with a coupon rate of 10% charged annually. The par value is ₹2,000 and the bond has 5 years of
maturity. The yield to maturity is 11%. What is the value of the bond.
27. A tyre manufacturer estimates that x (thousand) radial tyres will be purchased i.e. demanded by wholesalers when price
2

is p = D(x) = 90 -  x

10
 thousand rupees per tyre and the same number of tyres will be supplied when the price is p = S(x)
=  1

5
x
2
 + x + 50 thousand rupee per tyre.
i. Find the equilibrium price and the quantity supplied and demanded at that price.
ii. Determine the consumer's and producer's surplus at the equilibrium price.
28. Show that the differential equation representing one parameter family of curves (x2 - y2) = c(x2 + y2)2 is (x2 - 3xy2) dx =
(y2 - 3x2y) dy

OR

Form the differential equation corresponding to (x - a)2 + (y - b)2 = r2 by eliminating a and b.

29. In a distribution exactly normal, 7% of the items are under 35 and 89% are under 63. What are the mean and standard
deviation of the distribution?

OR
 A pair of fair dice is thrown. Let X be the random variable that denotes the minimum of the two numbers which appear.
Find the probability distribution, mean and variance of X.
30. Following table shows the data on energy consumption and expenditure at Badarpur Thermal Power Station in Delhi
region. Construct an aggregative price index for the energy expenditure in year 2015 using Marshall-Edgeworth's index
number.
Sector Quantity (Weights) Unit price (₹/kWh)

Year 1987 Year 2015 Year 1987 Year 2015

Commercial 5416 6015 1.97 10.92

Residential 15293 20262 2.32 6.16

Industrial 21287 17832 0.79 5.13

Agriculture 9473 8804 2.25 8.10
31. Ten students are selected at random from a college and their heights are found to be 100, 104, 108, 110, 118, 120, 122,
124, 126 and 128 cms. In the light of these data, discuss the suggestion that the mean height of the students of the college
is 110 cms. (Given t9(0.05) = 2.262)
Section D
32. Solve the following LPP graphically:
Maximize Z = 5x + 7y
Subject to
x + y ≤  4
3x + 8y ≤  24

10x + 7y ≤  35

x, y ≥  0

OR

A factory owner purchases two types of machines, A and B, for his factory. The requirements and limitations for the
machines are as follows:
Area occupied by the machine Labour force for each machine Daily output in units

Machine A 1000 sq. m 12 men 60

Machine B 1200 sq. m 8 men 40

He has an area of 7600 sq.m available and 72 skilled men who can operate the machines. How many machines of each
type should he buy to maximize the daily output?
33. Two numbers are selected at random (without replacement) from the first six positive integers. Let X denote the larger of
the two numbers obtained. Find the probability distribution of X. Find the mean and the variance of this distribution.

OR

After corresponding 100 pages of a book, the proofreader finds that there are, on average, 4 errors in 10 pages. How
many pages would one expect to find with 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 errors in 1000 pages of the first print of the book? (Use e-0.4 =
0.6703)
34. A solution of 8% boric acid is to be diluted by adding a 2% boric acid solution to it. The resulting mixture is to be more
than 4% but less than 6% boric acid. If there are 640 litres of the 8% solution, how many litres of 2% solution will have
to be added?
35. A person amortizes a loan of ₹ 1500000 for renovation of his house by 8 years mortgage at the rate of 12% p.a.
compounded monthly. Find
i. the equated monthly installment
ii. the principal outstanding at the beginning of 40th month.
iii. the interest paid in 40th payment.
[Given (1.01)96 = 2.5993, (1.01)57 = 1.7633]
Section E
36. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
There is a bridge whose length of three sides of a trapezium other than base are equal to 5cm:

i. What is the value of DP?

ii. What is the area of the trapezium A(x)?
iii. A’(x) = 0 then what is the value of x?

OR

What is the value of A”(2.5)

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37. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Understanding Perpetuity
An annuity is a stream of cash flows. A perpetuity is a type of annuity that lasts forever, into perpetuity. The stream of
cash flows continues for an infinite amount of time. In finance, a person uses the perpetuity calculation in valuation
methodologies to find the present value of a company's cash flows when discounted back at a certain rate.
An example of a financial instrument with perpetual cash flows was the British-issued bonds known as consols, which
the Bank of England phased out in 2015. By purchasing a consol from the British government, the bondholder was
entitled to receive annual interest payments forever.
Perpetuity Present Value Formula
The formula to calculate the present value of perpetuity or security with perpetual cash flows is as follows:
C C C C
PV = + + ⋯ =
1 2 3 r
(1+r) (1+r) (1+r)

where:

PV present value

C = cash flow

r = discount rate
i. Find the present value of a perpetuity of ₹ 900 payable at the end of each year, if money is worth 5% per
annum.

OR

Find the present value of a perpetuity of ₹ 500 payable at the end of each quarter, if money is worth 8% per
annum.
 ii. Find the present value of a perpetuity of ₹ 300 payable at the beginning of every 6 months, if money is worth
6% per annum.
iii. What amount is received at the end of every 6 months forever, if ₹ 72000 kept in a bank earns 8% per annum
compounded half yearly?
38. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Three shopkeepers A, B and C go to a store to buy stationery. A purchase 12 dozen notebooks, 5 dozen pens and 6 dozen
pencils. B purchases 10 dozen notebooks, 6 dozen pens and 7 dozen pencils. C purchases 11 dozen notebooks, 13 dozen
pens and 8 dozen pencils. A notebook costs ₹40, a pen costs ₹12 and a pencil costs ₹3.

i. what is the matrix representation form of the number of items purchased by shopkeepers A, B and C?
ii. If Y represents the matrix formed by the cost of each item, then find the value of XY?
iii. Find the bill value of A?

OR

If A2 = A, then find the value of (A + I)3 - 7A?

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Class 12 - Applied Mathematics

Sample Paper - 05 (2022-23)

Solution

Section A
1 −2
1. (c) [ ]

−3 4

1 −2
Explanation: [ ]
−3 4

2. (a) Probability of not rejecting H0 when H0 is true.

Explanation: Probability of not rejecting H0 when H0 is true.

3. (b) 12.36%

Explanation: 12.36%
4. (d) a function to be optimized

Explanation: A Linear programming problem is a linear function (also known as an objective function) subjected to
certain constraints for which we need to find an optimal solution (i.e. either a maximum/minimum value) depending on
the requirement of the problem.

From the above definition, we can clearly say that the Linear programming problem's objective is to either
maximize/minimize a given objective function, which means to optimize a function to get an optimum solution.
5. (b) 0

Explanation: 0
6. (c) 2

Explanation: Given that, E(X) = 3 and E(X2) = 11

variance of X = E(X2) - [E(X)]2 = 11 - (3)2 = 11 - 9 = 2

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10
6
7. (a) 16
C6 (
1

4
) (
3

4
)

Explanation: np = 4, npq = 3

⇒ q = ,p = , n = 16

4
1

4
10
6
P(X = 6) = 16 1 3
C6 ( ) ( )
4 4

8. (b) y = 

2
x

Explanation: We have,

dy 2y

dx
+
x
 = 0

dy 2y
⇒ = −
x

dx

q
dy

dx
⇒ = −
2y x

dy
⇒ ∫
2y
= −∫
dx

log |y|  = -log |x| + log c

1
⇒
2

⇒ √yx = c

⇒ yx2 = c

Given that y(1) = 1 ⇒ x = y = 1

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⇒ c = 1

⇒ yx2 = 1

⇒ y= 1
2
x

9. (a) 8 m/sec, 7 m/sec

Explanation: Suppose A covers 400 m in t seconds

Then, B covers 385 m in (t + 5) seconds

(t+5)
∴  B covers 400 m = { 385
× 400} sec

80(t+5)
=  77
 sec

Also, B covers 400 m = (t + 7 sec

1
)
7

(7t+50)
=  7
sec

80(t+5) 7t+50
∴   77
=
7

∴ 80(t + 5) = 11(7t + 50)

⇒  (80t - 77t) = (550 - 400)

⇒  3t = 150

⇒  t = 50

∴  A's speed

=   m/sec

400

50

= 8 m/sec

∴  B's speed

=   m/sec

385

55

= 7 m/sec
10. (c) 9

Explanation: 9
11. (b) 2:7

Explanation: Let the cost of 1 litre milk be ₹ 1 Milk in 1 litre mixture in A =  8

13
litre

The cost price of 1 litre mixture in A = 

13

Milk in 1 litre mixture in B = 

5

Cost price of 1 litre mixture in B = 

5

Milk in 1 litre of final mixture = 

900 1
× × 1
13 100

=  litres

13

Mean price =  9

13

By the rule of alligation, we have:

 Required ratio =   = 2:7

2 1
∴ :
91 13

12. (d) (-1, 3]

Explanation: (-1, 3]

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13. (c) 29 m

Explanation: Ratio of the distances covered by A and B = 190 : 200 = 1710 : 1800

Ratio of the distances covered by B and C = 180 : 200 = 1800 : 2000

Ratio of the distances covered by A and C = 1710 : 2000 = 171 : 200

C will give a start of (200 m − 171 m) = 29 m to A in the same race.
14. (d) X = λ X1 + (1 - λ ) X2, 0 ≤  λ  ≤  1 gives an optimal solution

Explanation: X = λ X1 + (1- λ ) X2, 0 ≤ λ ≤ 1 gives an optimal solution

A set A is convex if, for any two points, X1, X2 ∈ A, and λ ∈  [0, 1] imply that

λ X1 + (1 - λ ) X2 ∈ A

Since, here X1 and X2 are optimal solutions

Therefore, their convex combination will also be an optimal solution.

15. (a) 5

Explanation: 5
16. (c) σ

Explanation: σ
−5

17. (d) 1

5
(4 +
1
2
) + C

Explanation: Given: ∫ ( x

6
) dx

2
(4x +1)

Taking x2 out from the denominator

⎛ 9 ⎞
⇒ ∫
x

6
dx

1
⎝ 12
x (4+ ) ⎠
2
x

⎛ ⎞ ⎛ 3
⎞

1 x
⇒ ∫ dx = ∫ dx
6 6
⎝ 3
x (4+
1
) ⎠ ⎝ (4+
1
) ⎠
2 2
x x

Now put 4 +

1
= t
2
x

⇒ −
1

3
dx = dt

⎛ 3
⎞

x 1
⇒ ∫ dx = ∫ − dt
6 6
t
⎝ (4+
1
) ⎠
2
x

−5
−5
−6 −t 1 1
⇒ ∫ −t dt = + C = (4 + ) + C
2
−5 5 x

18. (c) Straight line

Explanation: Straight line

19. (d) A is false but R is true.

3 −1 0
⎡ ⎤
–
Explanation: Assertion: A = ⎢  is a square matrix of order 3.

3
3√2 1 ⎥
2

⎣ ⎦
4 3 −1

Reason: In general, A = [a ]  is a column matrix. ij

m×1

20. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation: Let one number be x, then the other number will be (16 - x).

Let the sum of the cubes of these numbers be denoted by S.

Then, S = x3 + (16 - x)3

On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get

= 3x2 + 3(16 - x)2(-1)

dS

dx

= 3x2 - 3(16 - x)2

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2

⇒
d S

2
= 6x + 6(16 - x) = 96

dx

For minima put = 0.

dS

dx

∴ 3x2 - 3(16 - x)2 = 0

⇒ x2 - (256 + x2 - 32x) = 0

⇒ 32x = 256

⇒ x = 8

At x = 8, ( d S

2
) = 96 > 0

dx
x=8

By second derivative test, x = 8 is the point of local minima of S.

Thus, the sum of the cubes of the numbers is the minimum when the numbers are 8 and 16 - 8 = 8

Hence, the required numbers are 8 and 8.

Section B
21. The normal equations used in fitting a straight line are

Σ Y = na + bΣ X and Σ XY = aΣ X + bΣ X2

where, n = number of years given in the data,

X = time

Y = actual value

a, b = constants
22. Let the rate of interest allowed by the banker be r. It is given that re =   = 0.0943

9.43

100

∴  r = 2.3025 log (1 + re)

⇒  r = 2.3025 log (1.0943) = 2.3025 ×  0.0391 = 0.0900

Thus, the rate of interest allowed by the banker is 9% compounded continuously

If the interest is compounded quarterly, then

r = 0.09, m = 4

 re = (1 +  )m - 1

r
∴
m

⇒  re = (1 +  0.09

4
)4 - 1 = (1.0225)4 - 1 = 1.0930 - 1 = 0.0930

Thus, the effective rate of interest is 9.3%.

12
1

23. Let I = ∫ x(x − 4) 3

dx

Also, Let x - 4 = t3

Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get

dx = 3t2 dt

Now, x = 4 ⇒ t = 0

x = 12 ⇒ t = 2

12 2
1

∴ ∫ x(x − 4) 3
dx = ∫  (t3 + 1) t ⋅  3t2dt

4 0

= 3 ∫  (t6 + 4t3) dt

2
7

= 3 [

t 4
+ t ]
7
0

=3[ 128

7
 + 16]

= 

720

12 1

∴ ∫ x(x − 4) 3 dx =  720

7
4

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24. Here,

2
∣x x 1∣
∣ ∣
|A| =
∣
0 2 1
∣

∣3 1 4∣

Expanding along the first row

∣2 1∣ ∣0 1∣ ∣0 2∣
|A| = x
2
∣ ∣ − x∣ ∣ + 1∣ ∣

∣1 4∣ ∣3 4∣ ∣3 1∣

= x2(2 × 4 - 1 × 1) - x(0 × 4 - 1 × 3) + 1(0 × 1 - 2 × 3)

= x2(8 - 1) - x(0 - 3) + 1(0 - 6)

= 7x2 + 3x - 6

Also |A| = 28

⇒ 7x2 + 3x - 6 = 28

⇒ 7x2 + 3x - 34 = 0

⇒ 7x2 + 17x - 14x - 34 = 0

⇒ x(7x + 17) - 2(7x + 17) = 0

⇒ (x - 2)(7x + 17) = 0

x = 2, -

17

Integer value of x is 2

OR

By using the definition, of expansion along the second row, we obtain

∣ 2 3 −2 ∣
∣ ∣
Δ = 1 2 3

∣ ∣
∣ −2 1 −3 ∣

∣3 −2 ∣ ∣ 2 −2 ∣ ∣ 2 3∣
⇒ Δ = (-1)2+1(1)∣ ∣ + (-1)2+2(2)∣ ∣ + (-1)2+3(3)∣ ∣
∣1 −3 ∣ ∣ −2 −3 ∣ ∣ −2 1∣

∣3 −2 ∣ ∣ 2 −2 ∣ ∣ 3 3∣
⇒ Δ = −∣ ∣ + 2∣ ∣ − 3∣ ∣

∣1 −3 ∣ ∣ −2 −3 ∣ ∣ −2 1∣

⇒ Δ = -(-9 + 2) + 2(-6 - 4) - 3(2 + 6) = 7 - 20 - 24 = -37

25. We know that if a ≡  b (mod m) and 0 ≤  b ≤  m, then b is the remainder when a is divided by m. Therefore, to find the
remainder when 2100 is divided by 11, its is sufficient to find an integer b such that 2100 ≡  b (mod 11), where 0 ≤  b
≤  11

Now,

21 ≡  2 (mod 11)

⇒  22 ≡  2 ×  2 = 4 (mod 11)

⇒  23 ≡  2 ×  4 = 8 (mod 11)

⇒  24 ≡  2 ×  8 ≡  5 (mod 11) [∵  24 ≡  16 (mod 11) and 16 ≡  5 (mod 11) ∴ 24 ≡  5 (mod 11)]

⇒  25 ≡  2 ×  5 ≡  10 (mod 11)

⇒  25 ≡  -1 (mod 11) [∵  10 ≡  -1 (mod 11)]

⇒  (25)20 ≡  (-1)20 (mod 11)

⇒  2100 ≡  1 (mod 11)

Hence, 1 is the remainder when 2100 is divided by 11.

Section C

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26. Face value C = ₹2,000

Coupon rate id = 10% annually or 0.1

Therefore R = C ×  id = 2,000 ×  0.1 = ₹200

No. of periods before redemption (n) = 5

Yield rate i = 11% or 0.11

Therefore,

−n
∣ 1−(1+i) ∣
V = R∣ ∣ + C(1 + i)
−n

∣ i ∣
−5
1−(1+0.11)
= 200 [
0.11
] + 2000(1 + 0.11)
−5

−5
1−(1.11)
= 200 [
0.11
] + 2000(1.11)
−5

1−0.593451
= 200 ∣ ∣ + 2000(0.593451)
∣ 0.11 ∣

= 200 (3.6959) + 1186.902 - 739.18 + 1186.902

= 1926.08

Therefore, the value of the bond is ₹1,927.

27. The equilibrium point (x0, p0) is the point at which the demand and supply curves intersect. Therefore, the equilibrium
point is obtained by setting D(x) = S(x).

Now, D(x) = S(x)

2 2

x x
⇒ 90 − = + x + 50
10 5

⇒   3

10
x
2
 + x - 40 = 0 ⇒ 3x2 + 10x - 400 = 0 ⇒ (x - 10)(3x + 40) = 0 ⇒ x - 10 = 0 ⇒ x = 10

Putting x = 10 in p = D(x) or p = S(x), we obtain p = 80

Thus, the equilibrium point is (x0, p0) = (10, 80) i.e. the equilibrium occurs at ₹ 80,000 per tyre, when 10,000 tyres are
supplied and demanded.
i. We have, x0 = 10 and p0 = 80. The consumer's surplus (CS) is given by

x0

CS =  ∫ D(x)dx − p0 x0

10 10
2 3

⇒  CS =  ∫ (90 −
x

10
) dx − 80 × 10  = [90x − x

30
] − 800

0
0

 CS = (900 −  =  = 66.667

1000 200
⇒ ) − 800
30 3

Since x is in thousands, so the consumer's surplus is ₹ 66667

ii. The producer's surplus (PS) is given by

x0

PS = p 0 x0 − ∫ S(x)dx

10

⇒  PS = 80 × 10 − ∫ (
1

5
x
2
+ x + 50) dx

10
3 2

 PS = 800 − [

x x
⇒ + + 50x]
15 2
0

 PS = 800 − (  = 800 − (  =   = 183.33

1000 100 200 550

⇒ + + 500) + 50 + 500)
15 2 3 3

So, the producer's surplus is ₹183333

28. The given equation of one parameter family of curves is

x2 - y2 c(x2 + y2)2 ...(i)

Differentiating (i) with respect to x, we get

 = 2c(x2 + y2)(2x + 2y
dy dy
2x - 2y dx dx
)

) = 2c(x2 + y2)(x + y
dy dy
⇒  (x - y dx dx
) ...(ii)

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On substituting the value of c obtained from (i) in (ii), we get,

2 2 2 2
dy 2( x −y )( x +y ) dy
(x − y ) =
2
(x + y )

dx 2 2 dx
(x +y )

 (x2 + y2)(x - y ) = 2(x2 - y2)(x + y

dy dy
⇒
dx dx
)

 {x(x2 + y2) - 2x(x2 - y2)} =  {2y(x2 - y2) + y(x2 + y2)}

dy
⇒
dx

 (3xy2 - x3) =  (3x2y - y3)

dy
⇒
dx

⇒  (x3 - 3 xy2) dx = (y3 - 3x2y) dy, which is the given differential equation.

OR

The equation of the family of curves is (x - a)2 + (y - b)2 = r2 ...(i)

where a and b are parameters.

This equation contains two parameters, so we shall get a second order differential equation.

Differentiating equation (i) with respect to x, we get

dy
2(x - a) + 2(y - b)  dx
 = 0

dy
(x - a) + (y - b) dx
 = 0 ...(ii)

Again differentiating w.r.t x, we get,

2 2
dy d y
⇒ 1+ (
dx
) + (y − b)
2
= 0

dx
2
dy
1+( )

 (y - b) = −  ...(iii)

dx
⇒
2
d y

2
dx

From (ii) and  (iii), we have,

2
dy
1+( )
dy
(x - a) −  = 0

dx

d
2
y dx

2
dx
3
dy dy
+( )

 (x - a) =   ...(iv)

dx dx

⇒
2
d y

2
dx

From (i), (iii) and (iv), we get

2 2
3 2
dy dy dy
[ +( ) ] [1+( ) ]

 = r2

dx dx dx

+
2 2
2 2
d y d y
( ) ( )
2 2
dx dx

2 4 6 2 4
dy dy dy dy dy
[( ) +2( ) +( ) ]+[1+2( ) +( ) ]

 = r2

dx dx dx dx dx

⇒
2
2
d y
( )
2
dx

2 4 6 2 4 2 2
dy dy dy dy dy d y
⇒ ( ) + 2( ) + ( )  + 1 + 2( ) + ( ) = r (
2
2
)

dx dx dx dx dx dx

2 4 6 2 2
dy dy dy d y
⇒ 1 + 3(
dx
) + 3(
dx
) + (
dx
) = r (
2
2
)

dx

3
2 2 2
dy d y
⇒ [1 + (
dx
) ] = r (
2
2
)

dx

It is the required differential equation.

29. Let X be the normal variate representing the given distribution. Let μ  be mean and σ be the standard deviation of the
distribution. It is given that: P (X ≤  35) = 0.07 and P(X ≤  63) = 0.89

X−μ
Let Z be the standard normal variate. Then, Z =  σ

35−μ 63−μ
X = 35 ⇒ Z =
σ
 = z1 (Say); X = 63 ⇒ Z =
σ
 = z2 (say)

∴  P(X ≤ 35) = 0.07

= P(Z ≤  Z1) = 0.07

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= P(Z ≤  0) - P(Z1 ≤  Z ≤  0) = 0.07 [∵  P(Z ≤  Z1) is less than 0.5 ∴  Z1 < 0]

= 0.5 - P(0 ≤  Z ≤  |Z1|) = 0.07

= P(0 ≤  Z ≤  |Z1|) = 0.4300

= |Z1| = 1.48 [See Table]

= Z1 = -1.48 [∵  Z1 < 0]

35−μ 35−μ
= σ
= -1.48 [∵  Z1  σ
]

= μ -1.48 σ = 35 ... (i)

And, P(X ≤  63) = 0.83

= P(Z ≤  Z2) = 0.83

= P(Z ≤  0) + P(0 ≤  Z ≤  Z2) = 0.89 [∵  P(Z ≤  Z2) is less than 0.83 ∴  Z2 < 0]

= 0.5 + P(0 ≤  Z ≤  Z2) = 0.89

= P(0 ≤  Z ≤  Z2) = 0.39

= Z2 = 1.23

63−μ
=  σ
 = 1.23 [See Table]

= μ  + 1.23 σ = 63 ...(ii)

Solving (i) and (ii), we obtain μ  = 50.3 and σ = 10.33

Hence, the mean of the distribution is 50.3 and the standard deviation is 10.33

OR

Let X be a random variable denoting the event of getting twice the number. Then, X can take the values 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and
6.

Thus, the probability distribution of X is as follows:

X 1 2 3 4 5 6

P(X)
11 9 7 5 3 1

36 36 36 36 36 36

Computation of mean and variance:

xi  pi  pixi  pi x
2
i

1
11 11 11

36 36 36

2 1
9 18

36 36

3
7 21 63

36 36 36

4
5 20 80

36 36 36

5
3 15 75

36 36 36

6 36
1 6

36
1

     
91 2 301
∑ pi xi = = 2.5 ∑ pi x = = 8.4
36 i 36

Therefore,Mean = ∑ p i xi  = 2.5

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Variance = ∑ p ix
2
i
 - (Mean)2 = 8.4 - 6.25 = 2.15
30. Construct the table as given below:
Quantity Unit price
(q0 +
Sector (Weights) (₹/kWh) p0(q0 + q1) p1(q0 + q1)
q1)
q0 q1 p0 p1

Commercial 5416 6015 1.97 10.92 11431 22519.07 124826.52

Residential 15293 20262 2.32 6.16 35555 82487.60 219018.80

Industrial 21287 17832 0.79 5.13 39119 30904.01 200680.47

Agriculture 9473 8804 2.25 8.10 18277 41123.25 148043.70

∑ p0 ( q0 + q1 )  = ∑ p1 ( q0 + q1 )  =
           
177033.93 692569.49

Σ p1 (q0 +q1 )
Marshall-Edgeworth's index number =  × 100

Σ p0 (q0 +q1 )

=   = 391.20

692569.49
× 100
177033.93

Weighted average of price relatives method

This is the commonly used method to construct consumer or wholesale price index when base and current prices of a
number of items, along with weights or quantities are given. Weighted average of price relatives is given by

p
1
Σ( ×100)×w
p

, or

0
P01 =
Σw
∑ Iw p1
P01 = , where I =  p0
× 100 , the price relative.
∑w

31. We define

Null Hypothesis H0: There is no significant difference between the sample mean and hypothetical population mean 110
cm.

Alternate hypothesis H1: The sample mean is not same as the population mean.

Let the sample statistic t be given by

¯
X −μ
t= S

√n

Let us now compute the sample mean (X

¯
) and S.

Computation of X
¯
and S

xi xi - X
¯ ¯ 2
(xi - X )

100 -16 256

104 -12 144

108 -8 64
110 -6 36

118 2 4

120 4 16
122 6 36

124 8 64

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126 10 100

128 12 144
10

 xi = 1160 ¯ 2
∑   ∑  (xi - X )  = 864
i=1

¯
X −μ
∴ t =
S

√n

−−
3.162 = 1.94 [∵ μ  = 110]

116−110 6
⇒ t = × √10 = ×
9.798 9.798

10

We find that ∑ xi = 1160, and n = 10

i=1

10
¯
∴ X =
1

n
∑ xi =
1160

10
 = 116

i=1

10
2
From the table, we find that ∑ (x i
¯
− X)  = 864

i=1

10

 S2 = S2 =
2 √864
∴
1

n−1
¯
∑ (xi − X ) ⇒
1

9
× 864 ⇒ S = 3
=
29.393

3
 = 9.798

i=1

The sample statistic follows student's t-distribution with v = (10 - 1) = 9 degrees of freedom. We shall now compare this
calculated value with the tabulated value of t for 9 degrees of freedom at a certain level of significance. It is given that
t9 (0.05) = 2.262

∴  Calculated |t| = 1.94 < 2.262 = t9 (0.05)

i.e. Calculated |t| < tabulated t9 (0.05)

So, we accept the null hypothesis. Hence, the sample mean is same as the population means.

Consequently, the mean height of the students of the college is 110 cm.
Section D
32. Converting the inequations into equations, we obtain the following equations:

x + y = 4, 3x + 8y = 24, 10x + 7y = 35, x = 0 and y = 0.

These equations represent straight lines in XOY-plane.

The line x + y = 4 meets the coordinate axes at A1(4, 0) and B2(0, 4). Join these points to obtain the line x + y = 4.

The line 3x + 8y = 24 meets the coordinate axes at A2(8, 0) and B2(0, 3). Join these points to obtain the line 3x + 8y =
24.

The line 10x + 7y = 35 cuts the coordinates axes at A3(3.5, 0) and B3(0, 5). These points are joined to obtain the line 10x
+ 7y = 35.

Also, x = 0 is the y-axis and y = 0 is the x-axis.

The feasible region of the LPP is shaded in Figure. The coordinates of the comer points of the feasible region OA3 PQB2

are O(0, 0), A3(3.5, 0), P ( , Q (  and B2(0, 3).

7 5 8 12
, ) , )
3 3 5 5

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Now, we take a constant value, say 10 for Z. Putting Z =10 in Z = 5x + 7y, we obtain the line 5x + 7y = 10. This line
meets the coordinate axes at P1(2, 0) and Q1(0, 10

7
) . Join these points by a dotted line. Now, move this line parallel to
itself in the increasing direction away from the origin. P2Q2 and P3Q3 are such lines. Out of these lines locate a line
farthest from the origin and has at least one common point to the feasible region OA3PQB2. Clearly, P3Q3 is such line

and it passes through the vertex Q(  of the feasible region. Hence x =  and y =  gives the maximum value of
8 12 8 12
, )
5 5 5 5

Z. The maximum value of Z is given by

Z = 5 × 8

5
+ 7×
12

5
 = 24.8

OR

Let the required number of machine A and B are x and y respectively.

Since products of each machine A and B are 60 and 40 units daily respectively. So, production by by x number of
machine A and y number of machine B are 60x and 40y respectively.

Let Z denotes total output daily, so,

Z = 60x + 40y

Since each machine of type A and B requires 1000 sq. m and 1200 sq. m area so, x machine of type A and y machine of
type B require 1000x and 1200y sq. m area but,

The total available area for the machine is 7600 sq. m. So, 1000x + 1200y ≤  7600

or, 5x + 6y ≤  38. {First Constraint}

Since each machine of type A and B requires 12 men and 8 men to work respectively. So, x machine of type A and y
machine of type B require 12x and 8y men to work respectively.

But total men available for work are 72

So,

12x + 8y ≤  72

3x + 2y ≤  18 {Second Constraint}

Hence mathematical formulation of the given LPP is,

Max Z = 50x + 40y

Subject to constraints,

5x + 6y ≤  38

3x + 2y ≤  18

x,y ≥  0 [Since number of machines can not be less than zero]

Region 5x + 6y ≤  38: line 5x + 6y = 38 meets the axes at A( ,0), B(0, ) respectively

38 19

5 3

Region containing the origin represents 5x + 6y ≤  38 as origin satisfies 5x + 6y ≤  38

Region 3x + 2y ≤  18: line 3x + 2y = 18 meets the axes at C(6,0), D(0,9) respectively

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Region containing the origin represents 3x + 2y ≤  18 as origin satisfies 3x + 2y ≤  18

Region x,y ≥  0: it represents the first quadrant

Shaded region represents the feasible region

The corner points are O(0,0), B(0, ), E(4,3), C(6,0)

19

Thus the values of Z at these corner points are as follows:

Corner Points Z = 60x + 40y

O 0

B 253.3
E 360

C 360

The maximum value of Z is 360 which is attained at E(4,3), C(6,0)

Thus,the maximum output is ₹360 obtained when 4 units of type A and 3 units of type B or 6 units of type A and 0 units
of type B are manufactured.
33. The number of ways of choosing two integers (without replacement) from the first six positive integers = 6C2 = 15, so
the sample space S has 15 equally likely outcomes. These outcomes are:

1, 2; 1, 3; 1, 4; 1, 5; 1, 6; 2, 3; 2, 4; 2, 5; 2, 6; 3, 4; 3, 5; 3, 6; 4, 5; 4, 6; 5, 6

As the random variable X denotes the larger of the two numbers, X can take values 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

(Because 1 is not larger than any number from 1 to 6)

Note that in the sample space S, we have

Larger of two numbers Number of outcomes

2 1

3 2
4 3

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5 4
6 5

P(X = 2) =  15
1
, P(X = 3) =  2

15
, P(X = 4) =  15
3
, P(X = 5) =  4

15
, P(X = 6) =  5

15

∴  The probability distribution of X is:

X 2 3 4 5 6
P(X)
1 2 3 4 5

15 15 15 15 15

∴  Mean = μ  = ∑pixi =  15

1
 (1 ×  2 + 2 ×  3 + 3 ×  4 + 4 ×  5 + 5 ×  6)

=   (2 + 6 + 12 + 20 + 30) = 

1 70 14
=
15 15 3

Now ∑pix  =   (1 ×  22 + 2 ×  32 + 3 ×  42 + 4 ×  52 + 5 ×  62)

2 1

i 15

=  1

15
 (4 + 18 + 48 + 100 + 180) =  350

15
=
70

 Variance = ∑pix  - μ  =  2 2 70 14 70 196 14

∴ − ( ) = − =
i 3 3 3 9 9

OR

The average number of errors per page =   = 0.4

10

Thus, if m is the mean of the Poisson's distribution, then m = 0.4

Let X be the random variable denoting the number of errors per page

r −0.4 r
r −m (0.4) e (0.4)
Then, P(X = r) =  m e
=  = 0.6703 ×  ...(i)

r! r! r!

Let f(r) denote the number of pages, each containing r errors, in 1000 pages

Then,

f(r) = 1000 ×  P(X = r)

r
(0.4)
= 1000 ×  0.6703 ×  [Using (i)]

r!
r
(0.4)
= 670.3 ×  ...(i)

r!

Putting r = 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 in (ii), we get

0
(0.4)
f(0) = 670.3 ×  = 670.3

0!
1
(0.4)
f(1) = 670.3 ×  = 268.12

1!
2
(0.4)
f(2) = 670.3 ×  = 53.624

2!
3
(0.4)
f(3) = 670.3 × 2!
 = 7.1498

4
(0.4)
f(4) = 670.3 × 4!
 = 0.71498

Hence, the number of pages containing 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 errors are 670,268,54,7 and 1 respectively.
34. Volume of the 8% solution = 640 litres

Boric acid present in the 8% solution = 8% of 640 …(i)

And the rest 92% of 640 litres is water in the 8% solution.

Let volume of 2% solution added to 640 liters be x.

Boric acid present in 2% solution = 2% of x …(ii)

New volume of 8% solution = 640 + x …(iii)

Boric acid present in the new solution (that is, after adding x litres of 2% solution to 8% solution) = Boric acid present in
the 8% solution + Boric acid present in the 2% solution [from (i) & (ii)]

⇒  Boric acid present in the new solution = 8% of 640 + 2% of x

⇒  Boric acid present in the new solution = ( 8

100
× 640) + (
2

100
× x)

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 Boric acid present in the new solution =  …(iv)

2x 8
⇒ + ( × 640)
100 100

According to the question,

The resulting mixture is to be more than 4% but less than 6% boric acid.

That is, the boric acid content in the resulting mixture must be more than 4% but less than 6% boric acid.

So, first let us take boric acid content in the resulting mixture to be more than 4%.

⇒  Boric acid present in the new solution > 4% of the new volume of 8% solution

 ×  (640 + x)

2x 8 4
⇒ + ( × 640) >
100 100 100

[from (iii) & (iv)]

4(640+x)
⇒
2x

100
+
8×640

100
>
100

2x+(8×640) 4(640+x)
⇒
100
>
100

⇒  2x + 5120 > 2560 + 4x

⇒  5120 - 2560 > 4x - 2x

⇒  2560 > 2x

⇒  2x < 2560

 x < 

2560
⇒
2

⇒  x < 1280

Now, let us take boric acid in the resulting mixture to be less than 6%.

⇒  Boric acid present in the new solution < 6% of the new volume of 8% solution

 ×  (640 + x)

2x 8 6
⇒ + ( × 640) <
100 100 100

[from (iii) & (iv)]

6(640+x)

2x 8×640
⇒ + <
100 100 100
2x+(8×640) 6(640+x)
⇒
100
<
100

⇒  2x + 5120 < 3840 + 6x

⇒  5120 - 3840 < 6x - 2x

⇒  1280 < 4x

⇒  4x > 1280

 x > 

1280
⇒
4

⇒  x > 320

We have

x < 1280 & x > 320

⇒  320 < x < 1280

Hence, the required liters of 2% solution to be added to 8% of the solution is between 320 liters and 1280 liters.

To practice more questions & prepare well for exams, download myCBSEguide App. It provides complete study
material for CBSE, NCERT, JEE (main), NEET-UG and NDA exams. Teachers can use Examin8 App to create similar
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35. Given, P = ₹ 1500000, i =  12

12×100
 =  1

100
 = 0.01

and n = 8 × 12 = 96
96
1500000×0.01×(1.01)
i. EMI = 96

(1.01) −1

= 1500000×0.01×2.5993

2.5993−1

= 1500000×0.01×2.5993

1.5993

= ₹ 24,379.10

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ii. Principal outstanding at the beginning of 40th month

96−40+1
EMI [(1+i ) −1]

= 96−40+1

i(1+i)

57
24379.10×[(1.01) −1]

= 57

0.01(1.01)

24379.10×(1.7633−1)
=

0.01×1.7633

=
24379.10×0.7633

0.017633

= ₹ 1,055,326.20
iii. Interest paid in 40th payment

96−40+1
EMI [(1+i ) −1]

=  96−40+1

(1+i)

57
24379.10[(1.01) −1]

= 57

(1.01)

= 

24379.10×0.7633

1.7633

= ₹ 10553.26
Section E
−−−−−−
36. i. √25 − x2
−−−−−−
ii. (x + 5)√25 − x2

iii. 2.5, -5

OR

15
−
√18.75

37. i. ₹ 18000

OR

₹ 25000
ii. ₹ 10300
iii. ₹ 2880
38. i. The number of items purchased by shopkeepers A, B and C can be written in matrix form as

Notebooks pens pencils

144 60 72 A
⎡ ⎤

X =  ⎢ 120 72 84 ⎥ B
⎣ ⎦
132 156 96 C

40 N ote book
⎡ ⎤

ii. Since, Y = ⎢ 12 ⎥ P en

⎣ ⎦
3 P encil

144 60 72 40
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤

∴  XY = ⎢ 120 72 84 ⎥ ⎢ 12 ⎥

⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
132 156 96 3

5760 + 720 + 216 6696

⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
= ⎢ 4800 + 864 + 252 ⎥ = ⎢ 5916 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
5280 + 1872 + 288 7440

iii. Bill of A is ₹6696

OR

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(A + I)2 = A2 + 2A + I = 3A + I

⇒  (A + I)3 = (3A + I) (A + I)

= 3A2 + 4A + I = 7A + I

∴  (A + I)3 - 7A = I

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