Class_14_List_Methods_2

May 13, 2023

[1]: # append(), extend()

1 index()
• It returns the index of the first occurence from left to right.
• If the element is not found then it returns value error.

[7]: # lst.index(element)
# lst.index(element,start_index)
# lst.index(element,start_index,stop_index)
# stop_index is excluded

[5]: lst=[True, 'Python', 10, True, 50, 5+5j, 2.5,'Python']

print(lst.index('Python'))
print(lst.index(True))

1
0

[6]: print(lst.index(100))

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Temp\ipykernel_17228\2018578910.py in <module>
----> 1 print(lst.index(100))

ValueError: 100 is not in list

[8]: lst.index('Python',2)

[8]: 7

[9]: lst.index('Python',2,6)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)

1
 ~\AppData\Local\Temp\ipykernel_17228\1525388542.py in <module>
----> 1 lst.index('Python',2,6)

ValueError: 'Python' is not in list

2 count()
• It returns the number of occurences of an element.

[12]: lst=[10,20,30,10,20,30,50,60,70,80,10,20,50,90]

print(lst.count(10))
print(lst.count(20))
print(lst.count(100))

3
3
0

3 pop()
• It returns the element availanle at a particular index and removes that element from the list.
• By default it returns and removes the last element.
• For invalid index it returns index error.

[15]: # lst.pop(index)

[18]: lst=[True, 'Hello', 'Python', False, 5+5j, {1:100,2:200}, (1,2,3)]

print(lst)

[True, 'Hello', 'Python', False, (5+5j), {1: 100, 2: 200}, (1, 2, 3)]

[19]: x=lst.pop(2)
print(x)

Python

[20]: print(lst)

[True, 'Hello', False, (5+5j), {1: 100, 2: 200}, (1, 2, 3)]

[21]: x=lst.pop()
print(x)

(1, 2, 3)

[22]: print(lst)

[True, 'Hello', False, (5+5j), {1: 100, 2: 200}]

2
[24]: lst.pop(50)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
IndexError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Temp\ipykernel_17228\655153165.py in <module>
----> 1 lst.pop(50)

IndexError: pop index out of range

[25]: lst=[True, 'Hello', 'Python', False, 5+5j, {1:100,2:200}, 'Hello', (1,2,3)]

print(lst)

[True, 'Hello', 'Python', False, (5+5j), {1: 100, 2: 200}, 'Hello', (1, 2, 3)]

[26]: lst.pop(6)

[26]: 'Hello'

[27]: lst

[27]: [True, 'Hello', 'Python', False, (5+5j), {1: 100, 2: 200}, (1, 2, 3)]

[28]: print(lst.pop())
print(lst)

(1, 2, 3)
[True, 'Hello', 'Python', False, (5+5j), {1: 100, 2: 200}]

[29]: print(lst.pop())
print(lst)

{1: 100, 2: 200}

[True, 'Hello', 'Python', False, (5+5j)]

[30]: print(lst.pop())
print(lst)

(5+5j)
[True, 'Hello', 'Python', False]

[31]: print(lst.pop())
print(lst)

False
[True, 'Hello', 'Python']

[32]: print(lst.pop())
print(lst)

3
 Python
[True, 'Hello']

[33]: print(lst.pop())
print(lst)

Hello
[True]

[34]: print(lst.pop())
print(lst)

True
[]

[35]: print(lst.pop())
print(lst)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
IndexError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Temp\ipykernel_17228\3044658256.py in <module>
----> 1 print(lst.pop())
2 print(lst)

IndexError: pop from empty list

4 remove()
• It removes the first occurence of the specified element from left to right.
• If element is not available then it throws value error.

[36]: # lst.remove(element)

[38]: lst=[True, 'Hello', 'Python', False, 5+5j, True, {1:100,2:200}, 'Hello',␣

↪(1,2,3)]

print(lst)

[True, 'Hello', 'Python', False, (5+5j), True, {1: 100, 2: 200}, 'Hello', (1, 2,
3)]

[39]: lst.remove(True)

[40]: lst

[40]: ['Hello', 'Python', False, (5+5j), True, {1: 100, 2: 200}, 'Hello', (1, 2, 3)]

[41]: lst.remove('Hello')

4
[42]: lst

[42]: ['Python', False, (5+5j), True, {1: 100, 2: 200}, 'Hello', (1, 2, 3)]

[43]: lst.remove(True)

[44]: lst

[44]: ['Python', False, (5+5j), {1: 100, 2: 200}, 'Hello', (1, 2, 3)]

[45]: lst.remove(True)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Temp\ipykernel_17228\749527309.py in <module>
----> 1 lst.remove(True)

ValueError: list.remove(x): x not in list

5 reverse()
• It reverses the list.
• It makes the changes in the existing list.

[46]: lst

[46]: ['Python', False, (5+5j), {1: 100, 2: 200}, 'Hello', (1, 2, 3)]

[47]: lst.reverse()

[48]: lst

[48]: [(1, 2, 3), 'Hello', {1: 100, 2: 200}, (5+5j), False, 'Python']

6 sort()
• It sorts the list in ascending order.

[49]: lst=[20,10,50,0,9,45,7,23,1,65,42,79,32]
print(lst)

[20, 10, 50, 0, 9, 45, 7, 23, 1, 65, 42, 79, 32]

[50]: lst.sort()

[51]: lst

5
[51]: [0, 1, 7, 9, 10, 20, 23, 32, 42, 45, 50, 65, 79]

7 Descending order
[52]: lst=[20,10,50,0,9,45,7,23,1,65,42,79,32]
print(lst)

[20, 10, 50, 0, 9, 45, 7, 23, 1, 65, 42, 79, 32]

[53]: lst.sort(reverse=True)

[54]: lst

[54]: [79, 65, 50, 45, 42, 32, 23, 20, 10, 9, 7, 1, 0]

[56]: lst=[20.68,10,5.9,0,9,45,7,23.5,1,65,42,79,32]
print(lst)

[20.68, 10, 5.9, 0, 9, 45, 7, 23.5, 1, 65, 42, 79, 32]

[57]: lst.sort()

[58]: lst

[58]: [0, 1, 5.9, 7, 9, 10, 20.68, 23.5, 32, 42, 45, 65, 79]

[59]: lst=[20.68,10,5.9,0,9,45,7,23.5,1,'A','Z','Q','K']
print(lst)

[20.68, 10, 5.9, 0, 9, 45, 7, 23.5, 1, 'A', 'Z', 'Q', 'K']

[60]: lst.sort()

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Temp\ipykernel_17228\4027238925.py in <module>
----> 1 lst.sort()

TypeError: '<' not supported between instances of 'str' and 'int'

[61]: lst=['A','Z','Q','K']
print(lst)

['A', 'Z', 'Q', 'K']

[62]: lst.sort()

[63]: lst

6
[63]: ['A', 'K', 'Q', 'Z']

[64]: 5<'A'

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Temp\ipykernel_17228\502391825.py in <module>
----> 1 5<'A'

TypeError: '<' not supported between instances of 'int' and 'str'

[65]: 5<ord('A')

[65]: True

[66]: 'A'<'X'

[66]: True

[68]: # print(dir(lst))

8 insert()
• It is used to insert an element at a particular index.
• The preveious element at that particular index is shifted to the right.

[69]: # lst.insert(index,element)

[71]: lst=['Hello',True,'Python',10,2.5,None]
print(lst)

['Hello', True, 'Python', 10, 2.5, None]

[72]: lst.insert(2,'Java')

[73]: lst

[73]: ['Hello', True, 'Java', 'Python', 10, 2.5, None]

[74]: lst.insert(-1,{1:100})

[75]: lst

[75]: ['Hello', True, 'Java', 'Python', 10, 2.5, {1: 100}, None]

7
 9 copy()
• It copies the eleemnts from the list and returns a new list with the same elements.

[82]: lst=[10,20,30,40,50]
print(lst)

lst2=lst
print(lst2)

lst2[0]=None
print(lst2)

print(lst)

print(id(lst))
print(id(lst2))

[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
[None, 20, 30, 40, 50]
[None, 20, 30, 40, 50]
2168035550528
2168035550528

[93]: lst=[10,20,30,40,50]
print(lst)

lst2=lst.copy()

print(lst2)

lst2[0]=None
print(lst2)

print(lst)

lst[2]=5000
print(lst)

print(lst2)
print(id(lst))
print(id(lst2))

[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
[None, 20, 30, 40, 50]
[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
[10, 20, 5000, 40, 50]

8
 [None, 20, 30, 40, 50]
2168036215872
2168035549632

[94]: lst=[10,20,30,40,50]
print(lst)

lst2=lst.copy()

print(lst2)

[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

[95]: print(id(lst))
print(id(lst2))

2168036078464
2168035550528

[100]: print(id(lst[0]))
print(id(lst2[0]))

2167922715216
2167922715216

[101]: # - 5 to 256

10 List is mutable

11 Mutability
• We can modify the values after definition.
• Item assignment is possible.
• The addresses remain the same before and after the modification.

[104]: lst=[10,20,30,40,50]
print(lst,id(lst))

lst[0]=1000
print(lst)

print(id(lst))

[10, 20, 30, 40, 50] 2168036181504

[1000, 20, 30, 40, 50]
2168036181504

9
 12 String is immutable
[106]: my_str='Python'
print(my_str)

Python

[107]: my_str[0]='A'

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Temp\ipykernel_17228\2860150867.py in <module>
----> 1 my_str[0]='A'

TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment

[109]: my_str='Python'
print(my_str)
print(id(my_str))

my_str=my_str.replace('P','A')
print(my_str)
print(id(my_str))

Python
2167925102704
Aython
2168047845104

13 Tuple
[118]: # Anything inside the () is a tuple.
# A tuple is a container type that can contain multiple elements.
# A tuple can contain heterogenous (different type) elements too.
# A tuple can contain duplicate elements too.

[116]: t=(1,2,3,4,5,6)
print(t,type(t))

(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) <class 'tuple'>

[117]: t=(True, False, 0, None, 'Hello', 2.5, {1:100,2:200}, [10,20,30])

print(t,type(t))

(True, False, 0, None, 'Hello', 2.5, {1: 100, 2: 200}, [10, 20, 30]) <class
'tuple'>

10
[120]: t=(1,2,3,4,5,2,1,4,5,6,2,1,4,8,5,3,2,1,4,5,2,4)
print(t,type(t))

(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 1, 4, 5, 6, 2, 1, 4, 8, 5, 3, 2, 1, 4, 5, 2, 4) <class
'tuple'>

14 List vs Tuple
[121]: # List is mutable whereas tuple is immutable

15 Immutability
• We can not modify the values after definition.
• Item assignment is not possible.
• Addresses are different after modification.

[122]: lst=[10,20,30,40,50]
print(lst)

[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

[123]: lst[0]=5000
print(lst)

[5000, 20, 30, 40, 50]

[124]: t=(10,20,30,40,50)
print(t)

(10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

[125]: t[0]=1000

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\AppData\Local\Temp\ipykernel_17228\475506145.py in <module>
----> 1 t[0]=1000

TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment

16 Operations on a tuple
[126]: # Length
# Concatenation
# Repetition
# Indexing and slicing

11
 17 Length
• The number of elements in a tuple is the length of the tuple.

[127]: # len(t)

[129]: t=(10,20,30,40,50)
print(t)

print(len(t))

(10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

5

18 Concatenation
• Joining or adding two or more tuples together is known as concatenation.

[130]: # + operators is used to concatenate two or more tuples

[136]: t=(10,20,30,40,50)
t2=(True, False, None, [1,2,3])

print(t)
print(t2)
print(id(t))

(10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

(True, False, None, [1, 2, 3])
2168036257360

[137]: t=t+t2
print(t)
print(id(t))

(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, True, False, None, [1, 2, 3])
2168038884512

[138]: # w3schools.com

19 Repetition
[139]: # * operator is used to perform the repetition on a tuple

[140]: t=(10,20,30,40,50)
print(t)

(10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

12
[141]: t*2

[141]: (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

[142]: t*3

[142]: (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

[146]: # Create a tuple that has 15 times 10

(10,)*15

[146]: (10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10)

[147]: [10]*15

[147]: [10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10]

20 Indexing
• A tuple is ordered collection of data because each element of a tuple is stored at a particular
index.
• A tuple is also called as sequence type because it follows the indexing method.
• A tuple supports +ive and -ive indexing both.

[149]: t=(10,20,30,40,50,60)
print(lst)

[5000, 20, 30, 40, 50]

21 +ive index
• +ive index are from left to right.
• It starts from 0 by default.
• The index of the last element is len(t)-1

22 -ive index
• It is from right to left
• The start is -1 by default.
• The index of the last element is -len(t)

[163]: t=(10,20,30,40,50,60)
print(t)

# Fetch the first element of the tuple.

13
 print(t[0])
print(t[-6])
print(t[-len(t)])

# Fetch the last element of the tuple.

print(t[-1])
print(t[5])
print(t[len(t)-1])

# Fetch 30

print(t[2])
print(t[-4])

(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60)

10
10
10
60
60
60
30
30

23 Slicing
[164]: # t[start:stop:step]
# Stop is excluded

[170]: t=(10,20,30,40,50,60)
print(t)

# Fetch the first three elements

print(t[0:3])
print(t[0:3:1])
print(t[:3])
print(t[:3:1])

(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60)

(10, 20, 30)
(10, 20, 30)
(10, 20, 30)
(10, 20, 30)

[174]: print(t[:3:2])

(10, 30)

14
[178]: print(t)

(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60)

[180]: # Reverse the tuple

print(t[::-1])

print(t[-3::-1])
print(t[-3::-2])

(60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10)

(40, 30, 20, 10)
(40, 20)

[181]: print(t)

(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60)

[182]: t[-2:-len(t)+2:-2] # [-2:-4:-2]

[182]: (50,)

[192]: t[-2:-len(t)-2:-2] #[-2:-8:-2]

[192]: (50, 30, 10)

[187]: -len(t)-2

[187]: -8

[193]: # 50,30,10

[199]: # t[::]

24 How to create a tuple

25 Case_1
• When we already know the elements.

[200]: t=(True, False, 'Hello','Python', (1,2,3), [10,20,30])

print(t,type(t))

(True, False, 'Hello', 'Python', (1, 2, 3), [10, 20, 30]) <class 'tuple'>

[201]: #Take a string from user and check if it is:-

# 1. alphanumeric
# 2. alphabets

15
 # 3. digit
# 4. all letters are in lower case
# 5. all letters are in upper case
# 6. in title case
# 7. a space character
# 8. numeric
# 9. all number elements in string are decimal

[206]: a=input('Enter a string- ')

print(a,type(a))

if a.isalnum():
print('Alphanumeric')
else:
print('Not alphanumeric')

Enter a string- @!#@#@$

@!#@#@$ <class 'str'>
Not alphanumeric

[208]: a=input('Enter a string- ')

print(a,type(a))

if a.isalpha():
print('Alphabets')
else:
print('Not alphabets')

Enter a string- bdhsvdh

bdhsvdh <class 'str'>
Alphabets

26 find and index

[212]: a='Hello'
print(a.find('l'))
print(a.index('l'))

2
2

[214]: a='Hello'
print(a.find('x'))
print(a.index('x'))

-1

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)

16
 ~\AppData\Local\Temp\ipykernel_17228\100989827.py in <module>
1 a='Hello'
2 print(a.find('x'))
----> 3 print(a.index('x'))

ValueError: substring not found

[224]: # Write a python program to find below output:-

#Input:- 'peter piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.'
#Output:- 'retep repip dekcip a kcep fo delkcip .sreppep'

my_str='peter piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.'

res=' '.join(my_str[::-1].split()[::-1])
print(res)

retep repip dekcip a kcep fo delkcip .sreppep

27 eval()
[225]: # It evaluates the type

[227]: a=eval('5')
print(a,type(a))

5 <class 'int'>

[228]: a=eval('5.5')
print(a,type(a))

5.5 <class 'float'>

[229]: a=eval('[5]')
print(a,type(a))

[5] <class 'list'>

[230]: # Create a list heterogenous elements by taking the input from the user

[241]: a=eval(input('Enter a value- '))

print(a,type(a))

Enter a value- 5.5

5.5 <class 'float'>

[ ]:

17