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Monkeypox Virus PDF

Monkeypox was first discovered in 1958 in monkeys and the first human case was in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It has since been reported in several central and western African countries. Symptoms in humans include fever, headache, muscle aches, and a rash that spreads from the face to other parts of the body over 1-3 weeks. It can spread through contact with infected animals or humans, contaminated materials, respiratory secretions during prolonged face-to-face contact, and intimate contact between people including sex. Prevention strategies include avoiding contact with infected individuals, wearing masks, practicing hand hygiene, and using protective equipment when caring for patients. While there is no specific treatment, smallpox vaccines and

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157 views

Monkeypox Virus PDF

Monkeypox was first discovered in 1958 in monkeys and the first human case was in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It has since been reported in several central and western African countries. Symptoms in humans include fever, headache, muscle aches, and a rash that spreads from the face to other parts of the body over 1-3 weeks. It can spread through contact with infected animals or humans, contaminated materials, respiratory secretions during prolonged face-to-face contact, and intimate contact between people including sex. Prevention strategies include avoiding contact with infected individuals, wearing masks, practicing hand hygiene, and using protective equipment when caring for patients. While there is no specific treatment, smallpox vaccines and

Uploaded by

Abdulrahman Jradi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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About Monkeypox

Monkeypox was first discovered in 1958 when


two outbreaks of a pox-like disease occurred in
colonies of monkeys kept for research. The first
human case of monkeypox was recorded in 1970
in the Democratic Republic of Congo during a
concentrated effort to eliminate smallpox. Since
then, monkeypox has been reported in people in
several other central and western African
countries.
Monkeypox cases in people have occurred
outside of Africa linked to international travel or
imported animals, including cases in the US.
Symptoms
In humans, the symptoms of monkeypox can be similar to but milder
than the symptoms of smallpox.
Symptoms can begin with:
 Fever
 Headache
 Muscle aches
 Backache
 Swollen lymph nodes
 Chills
 Exhaustion
Symptoms

Within 1-3 days (sometimes longer) after


the appearance of fever, the patient
develops a rash, often beginning on the
face and then spreading to other parts of
the body. The rash can progress from
being flat and red, to being a bump, to
being fluid-filled, to being pus-filled, and
then to being a scab.
Symptoms usually appear between 7-14
days after exposure but can range
between 5-21 days. The illness typically
lasts between 2-4 weeks.
Transmission
Monkeypox virus can spread when a person
comes into contact with the virus from an
infected animal, infected person, or materials
contaminated with the virus. Monkeypox virus
may spread from animals to people through
the bite or scratch of an infected animal, by
handling wild game, or through the use of
products made from infected animals. The
virus may also spread through direct contact
with body fluids or sores on an infected
person or with materials that have touched
body fluids or sores, such as clothing or
linens.
Transmission

Monkeypox spreads between people


primarily through direct contact with
infectious sores, scabs, or body fluids. It
also can be spread by respiratory
secretions during prolonged, face-to-face
contact. Monkeypox can spread during
intimate contact between people, including
during sex, as well as activities like kissing,
cuddling, or touching parts of the body
with monkeypox sores.
Prevention
There are a number of measures
that be taken to prevent infection
with monkeypox virus:
 Avoid coming into contact with
people recently diagnosed with
the virus or those who may have
been infected.
 Wear a face mask if you are in
close contact with someone who
has symptoms.
 Practice good hand hygiene,
especially after coming into
contact with infected — or
suspected infected. For
instance, wash your hands with
soap and water or use an
alcoholbased hand sanitizer.
 Use personal protective
equipment when caring for
patients with confirmed or
suspected monkeypox
infection.
Treatment

There are no treatments


specifically for monkeypox
virus infections. However,
monkeypox and smallpox
viruses are genetically similar,
which means that antiviral
drugs and vaccines developed
to protect against smallpox
may be used to prevent and
treat monkeypox virus
infections.
Thanks

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