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Lecture - 1

This document discusses object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts in C++. It defines OOP as a programming paradigm that represents everything as objects, with key concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction and encapsulation. Inheritance allows a class to acquire properties of its parent class. Polymorphism means an object can have many forms. Abstraction hides internal details and shows functionality, while encapsulation binds code and data into a single unit. OOP makes development and maintenance easier compared to procedural programming as programs grow.

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50 views17 pages

Lecture - 1

This document discusses object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts in C++. It defines OOP as a programming paradigm that represents everything as objects, with key concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction and encapsulation. Inheritance allows a class to acquire properties of its parent class. Polymorphism means an object can have many forms. Abstraction hides internal details and shows functionality, while encapsulation binds code and data into a single unit. OOP makes development and maintenance easier compared to procedural programming as programs grow.

Uploaded by

ahmadroheed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Object Oriented Programming

(OOP)

Using C++

Lecture #1

1 Edrak Uiversity
C++ OOPs Concept

 The major purpose of C++ programming is to


introduce the concept of object orientation to
the C programming language.
 Object Oriented Programming is a Paradigm
that provides many concepts such as:
Inheritance, Data Binding, Polymorphism etc.

2 Edrak Uiversity
Cont…

 The programming paradigm where everything


is represented as an Object is known as truly
Object-Oriented Programming Language.

 Smalltalk is considered as the first truly


Object-oriented Programming Language.

3 Edrak Uiversity
OOPs (Object Oriented Programming System)

 Object-Oriented Programming is a methodology


or paradigm to design a program using classes
and objects.

 It simplifies the software development and


maintenance by providing some concepts:

4 Edrak Uiversity
Cont…

• Object
• Class
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Abstraction
• Encapsulation

5 Edrak Uiversity
Object & Class

Object
 Any entity that has state and behavior is known
as an object.
For example: chair, pen, table, keyboard, bike etc.
It can be physical and logical.
Class
 Collection of objects is called class.
 It is a logical entity.
4
6 Edrak Uiversity
Cont…

7 Edrak Uiversity
C++ OOPs Concept

Inheritance
 When one object acquires all
the properties and behaviors
of parent object known as
inheritance.
 It provides code reusability
when a class includes
property of another class.
8 Edrak Uiversity
C++ OOPs Concept

Polymorphism
 Polymorphism is a feature using which an
object behaves differently in different situation.

 It means that an object can have many forms.

 In C++, we use Function overloading and


Function overriding to achieve Polymorphism.

9 Edrak Uiversity
Cont…

10 Edrak Uiversity
Cont…

Polymorphism
real example:
a person at the
same time can
have different
characteristics.

11 Edrak Uiversity
C++ OOPs Concepts

Abstraction
 Hiding internal details and
showing functionality is
known as abstraction.
 For example: phone call,
we don't know the internal
processing.
 In C++, we use abstract
class and interface to
achieve abstraction.

12 Edrak Uiversity
C++ OOPs Concepts

Encapsulation
 Binding (or wrapping) code and data together
into a single unit is known as encapsulation.
 Encapsulation is a process of combining data
members and functions in a single unit called
class.
 For example: capsule, it is wrapped with
different medicines.
13 Edrak Uiversity
Cont…

For example: capsule, it is wrapped with different


medicines.

14 Edrak Uiversity
Advantage of OOPs over Procedure-Oriented
Programming Language

 OOPs makes development and maintenance easier


where as in Procedure-oriented programming
language it is not easy to manage if code grows as
project size grows.
 OOPs provide data hiding whereas in Procedure-
oriented programming language a global data can be
accessed from anywhere.
 OOPs provide ability to simulate real-world event
much more effectively. We can provide the solution
of real word problem if we are using the Object-
15 Oriented Programming Language. Edrak Uiversity
Questions?

16 Edrak Uiversity
Thanks
17 Edrak Uiversity

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