Complex Number-04 - Exercise
Complex Number-04 - Exercise
za
2. (i) If | z | = a , ( z a ) , then find the locus of w, where w .
za
1
(ii) z z1 and z1 is any point on a fixed circle with the centre at the origin then prove that
z1
z lies on an ellipse.
3. (i) Prove that (a12 + b12) (a22 + b22).........(an2 + bn2) can be written as the sum of two squares.
(ii) Let x1, x2, x3,........, xn be the roots of the equation xn + xn–1 + .......+ x + 1 = 0. Compute
1 1 1
the expression ......... . Hence or otherwise prove that
x1 1 x 2 1 xn 1
n
r
cot n 1 0 .
r 1
(iii) Let z be a non–real complex number lying on the circle | z | = 1. Then prove that
arg z
1 i tan
z 2 .
arg z
1 i tan
2
4. (i) Show that {(cos i sin ) i(sin cos )}n {(cos i sin ) (sin cos )}n
2 n 1 cos n cos n .
4 2 4 2
(ii) Prove that :
n n
1 i 3 1 i 3
1 , where n N but not a multiple of 3.
2 2
m
pi 1 2 mi cot 1 ( p )
(iii) Show that, e 1.
pi 1
5. P is a point on the Argand diagram. On the circle with OP as diameter, two points Q and R are
taken such that POQ QOR . If O is the origin and P, Q and R are represented by the
complex numbers z1, z2 and z3 respectively, show that z 2 2 cos 2 z1z 3 cos2 .
6. (i) If z1, z2 are two complex numbers representing consecutive vertices of a regular hexagon
then find the complex number z3 representing the vertex adjacent to z2.
(ii) The three points z1, z2, z3 are connected by the relation az1 + bz2 + cz3 = 0, where a, b, c
are real and a + b + c = 0. Prove that the three points are collinear.
7. a, b, c are real numbers and z is a complex number such that a2 + b2 + c2 = r2 and b + ic = (r + a)z.
a ib 1 iz c ia i(1 z)
Prove that and .
r c 1 iz rb 1 z
8. z 1 , z 2 , z 3 are complex numbers and p, q, r are real numbers such that
p q r p2 q2 r2
. Prove that = 0.
| z 2 z 3 | | z 3 z1 | | z1 z 2 | z 2 z 3 z 3 z1 z1 z 2
9. (i) If x1, x2, x3,..., xn are the n roots of the equation xn + p1xn–1 + p2xn-2 + ....+ pn-1x + pn = 0,
( p 1, p 2,.....,p n real ), prove that (1 + x 12) (1 + x22) (1 + x32).......(1 + xn2)
= (1 – p2 + p4 – p6 + .........)2 + (p1 – p3 + p5 – p7 + ........)2.
10. Assume that Ai( i = 1, 2,...., n) are the vertices of a regular polygon inscribed in a circle of radius
unity. Find :
(i) | A1 A2 |2 + | A1 A3 |2 + ........+ | A1 An |2 (ii) | A1 A2 | | A1 A3 | ........| A1 An |
11. If points A1, A2,......A6 representing the complex numbers z1, z2, ........, z6 respectively are
the vertices of a regular hexagon and if z0 be the complex number representing the centroid
of the hexagon then prove that z12 z 22 z 32 6z 20 .
12. z1, z2, z3 are three non-zero complex numbers such that z 2 z1 , and a = | z1 |, b = | z2 |, c = | z3 |.
a b c 2
z z z
f b c a 0 , then show that arg . 3 arg 3 1 .
c a b
z2 z 2 z1
z1 a 1
13. (i) Show that the triangle whose vertices are z1, z2, z3 and a, b, c are similar, if z 2 b 1 0.
z3 c 1
(ii) If a, b, c and u, v, w are the complex numbers representing the vertices of two triangles
such that c = (1 – r)a + rb, w = (1 – r)u + rv, where r is non-real then prove that the
triangles are similar.
(iii) Let A, B, C, D, E be points on the complex plane representing the complex numbers
z1, z2, z3, z4, z5 respectively. If (z3 – z2) z4 = (z1 – z2) z5, prove that the triangle ABC and
DOE are similar.
14. (i) Prove that (x + y)n – xn – yn is divisible by xy(x + y) (x2 + xy + y2) if n is odd but not a
multiple of 3.
(ii) Show that the polynomial x4l + x4m + 1 + x4n + 2 + x4p + 3 is divisible by x3 + x2 + x + 1, whose
, m, n , p are positive integers.
(iii) Prove that the polynomial x3n + x3m + 1 + x3k + 2 is exactly divisible by x2 + x + 1 if
m, n, k are non negative integers.
(iv) Prove that the polynomial (cos x sin ) n cos n x sin n is divisible by x2 + 1.
(v) Show that the polynomial x n sin p n 1x sin n p n sin( n 1) is divisible by
x 2 2px cos p 2 .
15. (i) Show that the equation of the line joining the complex numbers a and ib, where
1 i 1 i
a , b R {0} z z 1 .
2a 2 b 2a 2 b
(ii) Two points represented by complex numbers a, b lie on a circle with centre at the origin
2ab
and radius r. The tangents at ‘a’ and ‘b’ intersects at z. Prove that z .
ab
EXERCISE-B
WRITE-UP
i
I. Let , , be three real numbers such that 2 2 2 0 and z
1
1. |z2| equals
(A) (B) 1
1
(C) (D)
1
2. equals
z z (z z)i
(A) (B)
2(1 | z |2 ) 2(1 | z |2 )
(z z)i
(C) (D) none of these
2(1 | z |2 )
3. equals
zz (z z)i
(A) (B)
2(1 | z |2 ) 2(1 | z |2 )
z 2z
(C) (D)
2(1 | z |2 ) 1 | z |2
2k 2k
II. If 0 , 1 , 2 ..... n 1 are nth roots of unity then k cos i sin where 0 k n 1
n n
also x n 1 (x 0 )(x 1 ).....(x n 1 )
2 2
6. If n = 5 in (i) then value of (z 1) z 2z cos 1 z 2z cos 1 is
5 5
(A) z5 – 1 (B) z5
(C) z5 + 1 (D) 0
EXERCISE-C
MATCHING
1. Column I Column II
(A) If z is any complex number (p) 1
Then the least value of
|1–z| + |z – 2| is
(B) If z is any complex number and the (q) cos ( )
area of triangle formed by z, iz, z + iz is
200 sq. units. Then minimum value of
|z + 2|
(C) If x = cos + isin , y = cos + isin (r) 22
1 1
Then xy
2 xy
2. If z represents any point in the Argand plane and satisfies the following conditions. Match them
against their locii (here z1, z2 are fixed points)
Column I Column II
(A) |z - z1| = a (a > 0) (p) represents arc of a circle
z z1
(B) Arg (q) represents a circle
z z2
, 0,
2
(C) |z - z1| + |z - z2| = k (r) hyperbola if |z1 - z2| > k
(D) |z - z1| - |z - z2| = k (s) ellipse if |z1 - z2| < k
PROMBLEMS
OBJECTIVE
1. If the cube roots of unity are 1, , 2, then the roots of the equation (x – 1)3 + 8 = 0 are
(A) -1, 1 + 2, 1 + 22 (B) -1, 1 - 2,1 -22
(C) -1,-1,-1 (D) none of these
n
1 i
2. The smallest positive integer n for which = 1 is
1 i
(A) n = 8 (B) n = 16
(C) n = 12 (D) none of these
z 5i
3. The complex numbers z = x + iy which satisfy the equation 1 lie on
z 5i
(A) the x–axis (B) the straight line y = 5
(C) a circle passing through the origin (D) none of these
5 5
3 i 3 i
4. If z = , then
2 2 2 2
(A) Re(z) = 0 (B) lm(z) = 0
(C) Re(z) > 0, lm (z) > 0 (D) Re(z) > 0, Im(z) < 0
6. If z = x + iy and = (1 – iz) / (z – i), then || = 1 implies that, in the complex plane,
(A) z lies on the imaginary axis (B) z lies on the real axis
(C) z lies on the unit circle (D) none of these
7. The points z1,z2, z3, z4 in the complex plane are the vertices of a parallelogram taken in order if and
only if
(A) z1 + z4 = z2 + z3 (B) z1 + z3 = z2 + z4
(C) z1 + z2 = z3 + z4 (D) none of these
8. If a, b, c and u, v, w are complex numbers representing the vertices of two triangles such that
c = (1 – r) a + rb and w = (1 – r)u + rv, where r is a complex number, then the two triangles
(A) have the same area (B) are similar
(C) are congruent (D) none of these
9. The complex numbers sinx + icos2x and cosx – isin2x are conjugate to each other, for
(A) x = n (B) x = 0
(C) x = (n + 1/2) (D) no value of x
10. If ( 1) is a cube root of unity and (1 + )7 = A + B, then A and B are respectively
(A) 0, 1 (B) 1, 1
(C) 1, 0 (D) –1, 1
11. Let z and be two non zero complex numbers such that |z| = || and arg z+ arg = , then z
equals
(A) (B) –
(C) (D) –
12. Let z and be two complex numbers such that |z| 1, || 1 and |z + i| = |z – i | = 2, then z
equals
(A) 1 or i (B) i or –i
(C) 1 or –1 (D) i or –i
334 365
1 i 3 1 i 3
14. If i = 1 , then 4 + 5 3 is equal to
2 2 2 2
(A) 1 – i 3 (B) –1 + i 3
(C) i 3 (D) –i 3
1 1 1
16. If z1, z2 and z3 are complex numbers such that |z1| = |z2| = |z3| = z z z 1 , then |z1 + z2 + z3|
1 2 3
is
(A) equal to 1 (B) less than 1
(C) greater than 3 (D) equal to 3
17. Let z1 and z2 be nth roots of unity which subtend a right angle at the origin. Then n must be of the
form
(A) 4k + 1 (B) 4k + 2
(C) 4k + 3 (D) 4k
z1 z 3 1 i 3
18. The complex number z1, z2 and z3 satisfying are the vertices of a triangle which
z 2 z3 2
is
(A) of area zero (B) right–angled isosceles
(C) equilateral (D) obtuse–angled isosceles
19. For all complex numbers z1, z2 satisfying |z1| = 12 and |z2 – 3 – 4i| = 5, the minimum values of
|z1 – z2| is
(A) 0 (B) 2
(C) 7 (D) 17
1 1 1
1 3 1 1 2 2
20. Let i , then the value of the is
2 2 1 2 4
(A) 3 (B) 3 ( - 1)
(C) 32 (D) 3 (1 - )
z 1
21. If |z| = 1 and = (where z –1), then Re() is
z 1
1
(A) 0 (B)
| z 1|2
z 1 2
(C) (D)
z 1 | z 1|2 | z 1|2
22. If ( 1) be a cube root of unity and (1 + 2)n = (1 + 4)n, then the least positive value of n is
(A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 5 (D) 6
23. The locus z which lies in shaded region (excluding the boundries), where P (–1, 0), Q
(–1 + 2 , 2 ) R (–1 + 2 , – 2 ), S (1, 0) is represented by
y
arg(z) < /4
Q
O x
P S
(A) z: |z + 1| > 2 and |arg (z + 1) < /4 (B) z : |z – 1| > 2 and |arg (z – 1)| < /4
(C) z : |z + 1| < 2 and |arg (z + 1)| < /2 (D) z : |z – 1| < 2 and |arg (z + 1)| < /2
24. a, b, c are integers, not all simultaneously equal and is cube root of unity ( 1), then
minimum value of |a + b + c2| is
(A) 0 (B) 1
3 1
(C) (D)
2 2
z
25. If is purely real where = + i, 0 and z 1, then the set of the values of z is
1 z
(A) {z : |z| = 1} (B) {z : z = z }
(C) {z : z 1} (D) {z : |z| = 1, z1}
26. A man walks a distance of 3 units from the origin towards the north-east (N 45° E) direction. From
there, he walks a distance of 4 units towards the north-west (N 45° W) direction to reach a point
P. Then the position of P in the Argand plane is
(A) 3ei/4 + 4i (B) (3 – 4i)ei/4
(C) (4 + 3i)ei/4 (D) (3 + 4i) ei/4
z
27. If |z| = 1 and z 1, then all the values of lie on
1 z2
(A) a line not passing through the origin (B) |z| = 2
(C) the x-axis (D) the y-axis
28. A particle P starts from the point z0 = 1 + 2i, where i = 1 . It moves first horizontally away from
origin by 5 units and then vertically away from origin by 3 units to reach a point z1. From z1 the
particle moves 2 units in the direction of the vector ˆi ˆj and then it moves through an angle /2
in anticlockwise direction on a circle with centre at origin, to reach a point z2. The point z2 is given
by
(A) 6 + 7i (B) -7 + 6i
(C) 7 + 6i (D) -6 + 7i
Comprehension Passage
Let A, B, C be three sets of complex numbers as defined below
A = {z : Imz 1}, B = {z : |z – 2 – i| = 3}, C = {z : Re (( 1 – i)z ) = 2 }
29. The number of element in the set A B C is
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 2 (D)
30. Let z be any point in A B C. Then, |z + 1 – i|2 + |z – 5 – i|2 lies between
(A) 25 and 29 (B) 30 and 34
(C) 35 and 39 (D) 40 and 44
31. Let z be any point in A B C and let w be any point satisfying |w – 2 – i| 3. Then, |z| – |w|
+ 3 lies between
(A) –6 and 3 (B) –3 and 6
(C) –6 and 6 (D) –3 and 9
SUBJECTIVE
1
1. Express in the form x + iy..
1 cos 2i sin
2. If x = a + b, y = a + b and z = a + b where and are the complex cube roots of unity, show
that xyz = a3 + b3.
a ib a 2 b2
3. If x + iy = , prove that (x2 + y2)2 = 2 .
c id c d2
4. It is given that n is an odd integer greater than 3, but n is not a multiple of 3. Prove that x3 + x2 + x
is a factor of (x + 1)n – xn – 1.
5. Find the real values of x and y for which the following equation is satisfied
(1 i)x 2i (2 3i) y 1
.
3i 3i
6. Let the complex numbers z1, z2 and z3 be the vertices of an equilateral triangle. Let z0 be the
circumcentre of the triangle. Then prove that z12 z 22 z 32 3z 02 .
7. Prove that the complex numbers z1, z2 and the origin form an equilateral triangle only if
z12 z 22 z1z 2 0 .
8. Show that the area of the triangle on the argand diagram formed by the complex number z, iz
1 2
and z + iz is |z| .
2
9. Complex numbers z1, z2, z3 are the vertices A, B, C respectively of an isosceles right angled
triangle with right angle at C. Show that z1 z 2 2 2 z1 z 3 z 3 z 2
z z1
10. Let z1 = 10 + 6i and z2 = 4 + 6i. If z is any complex number such that the argument of z z
2
is , then prove that | z 7 9i | 3 2 .
4
2 2 2
12. If | z | 1, | w | 1 , show that z w | z | | w | arg z arg w
13. Find all non–zero complex numbers z satisfying z iz 2 .
14. Let bz bz c, b 0, be a line in the complex plane, where b is the complex conjugate of b. If
a point z1 is the reflection of a point z2 through the line, then show that c z1b z 2 b .
15. Let z1 and z2 be roots of the equation z2 + pz + q = 0, where the coefficients p and q may be
complex numbers. Let A and B represent z1 and z2 in the complex plane. If AOB = 0 and
OA = OB, where O is the origin, prove that p2 = 4q cos2 .
2
1 2 1 z z
18. If z1 and z2 are two complex numbers such that |z1| < 1 < |z2|, then prove that z z 1.
1 2
n
1 r
19. Prove that there exists no complex number z such that |z| <
3
and a z
r 1
r 1 where |a | < 2.
r
20. Find the center and radius of the circle formed by all the point represented by z = x + iy satisfying
z
the relation z = k, (k 1), where and are constant complex numbers = 1 + i2,
= 1 + i2
21. If one of the vertices of the square circumscribing the circle |z – 1| = 2 is 2 + 3i . Find the other
vertices of the square.
SET PAPER
2. If n be an odd positive integer and 1, 1 , 2 ,.......... n 1 are the nth roots of unity,,
(2 1 ) (2 2 )..........(2 n 1 ) equals
n n
2n 1
(A) 2 - 1 (B) 2 + 1 (C) (D) none of these
3
3. Let z be a complex number such that z (1 t ) i t 2 t 2 where t is a real parameter then
locus of z on Argand Plane is
(A) parabola (B) ellipse (C) hyperbola (D) straight line
100
6. If z1, z2, z3, z4 are four distinct complex numbers representing the vertices of a quadrilateral taken
z z
in order such that z1 - z4 = z2 - z3 and arg 4 1 then the quadrilateral is a
z 2 z1 2
(A) rectangle (B) rhombus (C) square (D) trapezium
5z 2 2z 3z 2
7. If is purely imaginary, then 1 is
11z1 2z1 3z 2
37 11 5
(A) (B) (C) 1 (D)
33 5 11
12. Let z1, z2, z3 and z4 be the complex numbers satisfying z1 – z2 = z4 – z3.
Statement–I : z1, z2, z3, z4 are the vertices of a parallelogram
because
z1 z3 z2 z4
Statement–II : .
2 2
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for
Statement-1
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement–2 NOT a correct explanation for
Statement-1.
(C) Statement–1 is True, Statement–2 is False
(D) Statement –1 is False, statement–2 is True.
COMPREHENSION PASSAGE
I. If Z1, Z2 are two complex numbers representing the points S1 and S2 and Z is any general complex
number then | Z – Z1 | + | Z – Z2 | = 2a, ( | Z2 – Z1 | < 2a), represents an ellipse with
S1 and S2 as foci and 2a being major axis on the complex plane.
16. For the ellipse in Q.15, complex equation of tangent at the extremity of minor axis are
ZZ 2 ZZ 2
(A) 4a 2 | Z1 Z 2 | (B) 4a 2 | Z1 Z2 |
i i
ZZ 2
(C) 4a 2 | Z1 Z2 | (D) none of these
i
17. The intercept of the straight line given by equation (i) on the imaginary axis is
b ib aa a a
(A) (B) (C) (D)
aa a a b 2ib
18. The straight line given by the equation (i) represents a line parallel to real axis it
(A) Re(A) = 0 (B) Im(A) = 0
(C) Re(A) = Im(A) (D) b = 0
19. Locus of points with constant real part is of the form
(A) ( z z )i b 0 (B) ( z z ) b 0
(C) ( z z )i b 0 (D) ( z z ) b 0
MATCHING
20. Let z be a complex number lying on a circle | z | = 2 a and b = b1 + ib2 (any complex
number).
ib 2
(A) The equation of tangent at point ‘b’ is (P) z z
2a 2
(B) The length of perpendicular from z0 ( any point on
the circle ) on the tangent at ‘b’ is (Q) zb zb 0
(C) The equation of straight line parallel to the tangent
| z 0 b z 0 b 4a 2 |
and passing through centre circle is (R)
2 2a
(D) The equation of lines passing through the centre of the
circle and making an angle with the normal at ‘b’ are (S) zb zb 4a 2
4
21. Column I Column II
13
where i = 1 equals
(B) If z = 1 + i, then the multiplicative inverse (q) 0
of z2 is, where i = 1
(C) If i = -1, then the sum i + i2 + i3 + ... upto
2
(r) i – 1
1000 terms in equal to
(D) If z and are two non-zero complex numbers such (s) -i
that |z| = 1 and Arg(z) – arg () = /2, then the
vlaue of z is equal to
EXERCISE-A
1. (i) all points towards the right of x = 1 except the point (2, 0)
(ii) region outside the circle of radius 1/2 with centre (0, 0)
(iii) all real and purely imaginary number
2. (i) imaginary axis
3. (ii) –n/2
1 1
6. (i) z3
2
1 i 3 z1 3 3 z 2
2
9. (ii) 1, –1 10. (i) 2n (ii) n
EXERCISE-B
EXERCISE-C
PROBLEMS
OBJECTIVE
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. B
7. B 8. B 9. D 10. B 11. D 12. C
13. D 14. C 15. A 16. A 17. D 18. D
19. B 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. B
25. D 26. D 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. C
31. B
SUBJECTIVE
1 2 cot( / 2)
1. i
5 3cos 5 3cos
5. x = 3, y = -1
k 2 k
20. Centre = , Radius =
1 k 2 1 k2
21. 1 3 i, i 3,
3 1 i 27. D
SUBJECTIVE
1 2 cot( / 2)
1. i
5 3cos 5 3cos
5. x = 3, y = -1
k 2 k
20. Centre = , Radius =
1 k 2 1 k2
21. 1 3 i, i 3,
3 1 i
SET PAPER
1. C 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. A