Nama : Muhammad Arif Ardiansyah

NIM : 225150601111003
Kelas : PTI-A

Expanding Information Technology: A boon or bane?

“The proponent and opponents of tech innovation argue about the blessings and harms of the
expanded technological advancement in the global arena. From Hunter-gatherer societies to
modern-day’s post-capitalist societies; the art which has indisputable progress for humanity is
the art of technology and change. Technological change provides the economic base and
societal revolution in the general. Regardless of unprecedented changes in facets of
communications its expansion could turn into cyber warfare, data privacy rights, political
malice, and a threat to democracy.”
Response : There are two arguments about the expansion of information technology, namely
the opinion of supporters and opponents of the advantages and disadvantages of technological
progress. the positive thing is that we can more easily access information and provide
information. The negative thing is that there is a lot of information that is still unclear for sure
or commonly called a hoax, therefore we must be more selective in receiving and seeking all
information.

“ Discussing the inverse logic in the first place; there is not an iota of doubt that expanded
information technology has revolutionized the healthcare industry across the globe. The
people from Nigeria can connect to New York for medical consultancy with little effort. It
has changed the paradigm of the health sector with potential phase. Secondly, in the Political
arena, the concept of e-governance evolved. Automation and information technology can be
used to collect records and data statistics to make new and efficient policies for the public by
using evidence-based policies. Regardless of robust socio-economic and socio-political
changes in the structure of society information technology posited a major setback to the
overall growth of society.”
Response : Information technology has helped developments in the health sector around the
world and developments in politics with the concept of e-governance.

“ The threat of individual liberty due to mass surveillance is circulated everywhere with the
dawn of excessive information technology. People have lost the true independence and
liberty to choose and to decide about themselves. Google and media giants have placed the
autonomy. The cannibalization of jobs is also a melting point with the advent of information
technology. Humans’ cognitive skills are outperformed by artificial intelligence. One of the
most lethal problems which are caused by expanded information technology is inequality; the
flow of information technology led revenue from the south towards Silicon Valley. All the
data of the world is owned by a minutus majority which is problematic. A small data elite can
capture the entire globe within clicks. The autocratic hold of data by companies can put a
major threat to the independence and rational decision-making of individual as well as
collective states. The prior economic inequality was less potent than the subsequent data
inequalities between North and South.”
Response : The threat to individual freedoms due to mass surveillance is circulating
everywhere with the advent of excessive computing. The cannibalization of jobs is also an
issue with the advent of information technology.

“ Democracy which is based on the trust factor is plagued by cyber-attacks and

disinformation. Public opinion is engineered in the firms where the analysis of public
behavior through different apps like Candy Crush can be used to mold and shape their
opinions of the favorite leader. The democracy which stands over the general will is
compromised by manufactured consent. Boot camps and lobbying big data tailor-made the
wishes and preferences to make political campaigns for voting and triumphing the preferred
members. The manipulated biases are justified through echo chambering by advertising all
the biases and prejudices of humans to confirm their biases for political agendas. Democracy
replaced by populism due to expanded information technology. The other side of democracy
is based on communication. It was the improved communication in the society that
established the democratic governances in different parts of the world, but with time, the
malfunctioning communication due to a matrix of misinformation can halt the global growth
and sustainability of democracy.”
Response : Democracy which is based on the trust factor is plagued by cyber-attacks and
disinformation. Democracy replaced by populism thanks to the expansion of information.
The other side of democracy is based on communication. It is the improvement of
communication in society that establishes democratic governance in different parts of the
world, over time, the dysfunction of communication due to a matrix of misinformation can
halting global growth the sustainability of democracy.

“ Yuval Noah Hariri argued that the biggest threat to the working class is not exploitation but
irrelevance in the 21st Century. In the past technology couldn’t replace human intellectual
abilities but artificial intelligence can overshadow the cognitive skills of human beings. These
cognitive skills were peculiar human traits that empower them to main positions in
companies and firms but the modern expanded technology has outnumbered this peculiar
trait. Now robots and automated machines can do a good job of hiring and recruiting people
than humans. Due to this reason, humans have become irrelevant with the cannibalization of
jobs. “
Response : In the past technology cannot replace human intellectual abilities but artificial
intelligence can overshadow human cognitive skills. These cognitive skills are the hallmark
of human beings that empower them to key positions in companies and enterprises, but the
expanded modern technology has gone beyond the limits.
“Every decision is owned by algorithms which are moral decadence. Google owns
preferences and likes and dislikes mechanisms for humans. It is a big moral dilemma that
expanded technology posed over human authority and autonomy. The unique decision-
making of humans is replaced by tech-based decision powers. The margin of independent
thinking has declined in the 21st Century. It is argued by scholars that the ultimate goal of
Google is to outsource every decision of humans to Google.”
Response : Every decision is owned by algorithms that are moral decadence. Google has its
own preferences and mechanisms for people's likes and dislikes. The unique decision-making
of people is being replaced by technology-based decision-making powers Every decision is
owned by algorithms that are moral decadence. The unique decision-making of people is
being replaced by technology-based decision-making powers

“Due to expanded technology, multi-national companies and firms are becoming stronger and
more sovereign than entire states. For example, the Apple Market Value in 2021 was
$2274.34 billion and Microsoft’s net worth was $1988.67 billion quart triple the entire GDP
of any nation in Asia. The digital elites have become super humans which is a global threat to
governance in third-world countries. The owner of big firms can sabotage and challenge the
governance of any small country for the collective goodwill of their companies. State
sovereignty has been diluted and replaced due to the more powerful Leviathan traits of big
data firms.”
Response : Thanks to advanced technology, multinational companies and corporations have
become stronger and more sovereign than entire countries. The digital elite has become
superhuman, becoming a global threat to the governments of third world countries. National
sovereignty is diluted and replaced by big data companies due to leviathan's stronger
properties

“The possible remedies to expanded technology are many. The democratization of data is a
way forward in which the concentration and autocratic hold of all the data chains can be
diluted into different units by breaking up Big Data like Google and Facebook. For example,
Rockefeller Oil Company was diluted into 34 companies when it became a giant holder of all
the oil supply in Europe. In the same vein, Big Data can be distributed into different units for
democratization purposes. Secondly; strict government regulations and oversight mechanisms
can be used to control Artificial Intelligence research. The expansion of IT should be
controlled and ethical otherwise it can be a potential threat to humanity.”
Response : Data democratization is a way forward, by dismantling big data like Google and
Facebook, diluting the centralized and authoritarian control of all data chains into distinct
entities. Also, for democratization purposes, big data can be distributed to different units.

“Modern information technology has changed human lives in general but the flip side of
negative outcomes can’t be overlooked. The ethics and innovation should be balanced
otherwise the corporates will monopolize all data and algorithms for ulterior motives.
Technological advances present significant opportunities for progress and advancement of
human beings from nuclear deterrence to communication. But the long-lasting negative
consequences are many which proved modern technology a bane rather than a boon. It is high
time across the globe to re- consider the ethical side and controlled expansion of information
technology before it becomes an uncontrollable fact for human beings to survive and sustain
in the 21st Century. The balance between expanded technology and human growth should be
discerned in contemporary times.”
Response : Every decision is owned by algorithms that are moral decadence. Google has its
own preferences and mechanisms for people's likes and dislikes. The unique decision-making
of people is being replaced by technology-based decision-making powers Every decision is
owned by algorithms that are moral decadence.