aD Darshan Unit 4 - Normalization Free of gg eh Optom Sr Basics of Normalization © Table Hizll redundant data A remove S2dlell WAU 3 Bott lA storage efficiency, data integrity WL scalability Lulel e512 Ast data Normalization 88 8. © Relational model 4i method WA Alel B F quantify §% B 3 database 32Cil efficient & AA Normal Form 5 ® Wet Ai algorithm WAG B B wlVet database A normal form Hi convert $2 B. © caituell: Relational database design ofl MAAS BHI data A All La oNsacuni wa B el redundancy A minimize 5€l a5l2 AA Normalization 88 8. Normalization Hi data loss el A database A 2s Secll AUL® table Hi divide SEALUi WA B weal tables ofl 42a relation Ealaari WAG, © Normalization MAA Al Seq AMD yo B: 1) Data redundancy U2tsat 2) Update, insert UA delete Relucll A uetsal. 3) Data integrity, consistency MA scalability AULZall 4) Disk space Uelsal © Relation U2 24S condition apply SAl GLE of result 5 B relation oj state E2UA B Ae Normal Form $B 8. © YEL-YEl normal form B ol yo B: 1) First Normal Form (1NF) 2) Second Normal Form (2NF) 3) Third Normal Form (3NF) 4) Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) 5) Forth Normal Form (4NF) 6) Fifth Normal Form (SNF) Normal Forms First Normal Form (1NF) © Relation R, first normal form (INF) ® WH sl 21612 Vl relation oti OLklL domain Hi atomic value Alek. OR © Relation R, first normal form (INF) @ AA sl etsl2Zi Wl relation Hi composite AA multi-value attribute MLL Aej combination at Ala. 4 | Dept: CE DBMS (3340701) Prof. Vishal K. MakwanaaD Darshan Unit 4 - Normalization Free of gg eh Optom Sr Exampl Customer: Cid | Name | Address Contact_no Society | City Co1 | Emily | Nana Bazar, Anand 9879898798, 7877855416 02 | Jeniffer | C.G.Road, Ahmedabad | 9825098254 C03 | Peter | M.G.Road, Rajkot 9898787898 © Guest relation Hi 4 attribute Cid, Name, Address, Contact_no &, wélell, Address A composite attribute 8 @ society Wel city sub-attribute Hi divide elz ®. Contact_no ® multi-value attribute & Bui Ws S2cll Aul? value Mz sal atstal. dell, Guz of relation ine Hi otal, Problem: co UBai, WUA A city oti OLA customer A display Sell eset otal. St2EL 3, city af oil A society MD AsiAG B BA address AWS evlacuni wae v. Solution: © Composite attribute oti £25 sub-attribute A relation Hi GAL attribute Ads insert Sal. + First Approach: = Multi-value attribute Hi cLtulRai ctu Becll Acey Ala. a a otssl sa. = Multi-value attribute HL2 2Ct9l attribute relation Hi Insert S2l wat Ws attribute Hl Bs ACA insert $2l wer olleg Acy olen attribute Hi insert 52. = Aall, Gurett table a lA yoyo eattcll erste: Customer: Name | Society City Contact_no1 | Contact_no2 Emily [Nana Bazar | Anand 9879898798 | 7877855416 Jeniffer_| C.G.Road ‘Ahmedabad | 9825098254 co3__| Peter | M.G.Road__| Rajkot 9898787898 ‘Second Approach: = wet relation Hiell multi-value attribute Hel Actl primary key A remove Sél A AA Ds WAAL tall relation Hi 48 Wel multi-value attribute A etal relation ell primary key Het, = all, Guretl table A lA yor Eattell asta: 2 | Dept: CE ‘ADBMS (3340701) Prof. Vishal K. MakwanaaD Darshan Unit 4 - Normalization Free of gg eh Optom Sr Customer: Customer_Contact: Cid [Name | Society city Cid__| Contact_no col [Emily [NanaBazer | Anand co1__ | 9879898798 02 [Jenifer [C.G.Road Ahmedabad || CO1 _| 7877855416 cos__| Peter _| M.G.Road Rajkot coz | 9825098254 cos | 9898787898, Second Normal Form (2NF) © Relation R, second normal form (2NF) Hi B Wx sél esle WA ANF Hl Ale Bel ES non-prime attribute W relation afl primary key U2 fully dependent Ala. OR © Relation R, second normal form (2NF) Hi B WH sl ats A A ine Hi Az WA AE Uel non-prime attribute 2 relation ofl primary key U2 partially dependent ot @l&. Example: Depositor_Account: [eid [ano [acess_date [balance [ bname + FF o GU? ati relation Hi 5 attribute cid, ano, acess_date, balance, bname UA 2FD WUAB. FD1: {cid,ano)>{acess_date, balance, bname} and FD2: ano~>{balance, bname} © cid Mal ano W primary key B. FD2 WALA balance Ua bname W Set ano UE WEL WA Bid UE a, o GU? oti relation Hi balance *e bname A primary key UR fully dependent ot2l. Uzd, UL attribute primary key U2 partially dependent &. Aell, GUz¢j relation 2NF Hi otal. Problem: © Gelszet AG, joint account Hi As Szctl LEU? customer A As ¥ AlHet account AA B. Wl AS joint account ‘A02’ Hi @ customer ‘CO2’ Mei ‘co3’ lat cl customer ‘CO2" Ue ‘C03 tuple Hi balance wel bname attribute Hi duplicate Acy A, Solution: © Original relation A decompose Ad A seat WA 3 Bell etal relation Hi partial FD ot Az. 3 | Dept: CE ‘ADBMS (3340701) Prof. Vishal K. MakwanaaD Darshan Unit 4 - Normalization Free of gg eh Optom Sr © MLS ULB, Original relation Hiell partial dependent attribute $ B 2NF ofl condition A violet $2 B AS remove $2. Act steil relation HSL Wer Aefl AA B attribute U2 A fully dependent Aa ac ‘URL tell relation Hi Yl WA A Voll Uz fully dependent Az AA etait relation ofl primary key ott. © Original relation Hi Olle cits attribute AA % primary key WA WH w Vell al. o All, Guz oj table Depositor_Account @ Account *el Account_Holder table Hi decompose S2UlHi MLA BF oflA yoyo B: Account: Account_Holder: [Ano [balance | bname [sid Jano | acess_date | ft t | f © Al, Gia relation Account MA Account_Holder @ second normal form Hi &. Third Normal Form (3NF) * Relation R, third normal form (3NF) Hi & Ax sal esi el A 2NF Ala Wer AS Ue non-prime attribute ¥ transitively primary key U2 dependent ot €lz. © Attribute CQ attribute A U2 transitively dependent Aa WM Ai attribute BA Aa 3 ell: ADBandB>C. Exampl Account_Branch: ‘ano [balance | bname | baddress FDL t t t ror L___t © GU? ati relation Hi 4 attribute ano, balance, bname, baddress Mal Q FDS lA yo B: FD1: ano > {balance, bname, baddress} and FD2 : bname-> baddress co Adal, FD1 Wal FD2 Uzell transitivity a WEL BWLUA ano>baddress Ancll asta. © Aall, AH ano ell baddress transitively bname La HOB, PHI baddress A non-prime attribute 8. © ANI baddress & non-prime attribute 8 & primary key ano U2 transitively dependent &. o Aafl, Guz 4 relation 3NF Hi etell. Problem: ©. Transitively dependency & C(O data redundancy ele B, 4,| Dept: CE DBMS (3340701) Prof. Vishal K. MakwanaaD Darshan Unit 4 - Normalization Free of gg eh Optom Sr © Wlrrelation Hi Ws % branch et E25 account Hi AULz branch address a Wz SAALHL WA BB ule woe ASB. Solution: © Original relation A Acl AA decompose 2 ¥ Pell cic relation Hi non-prime attribute A transitively primary key U2 dependent at Ala. © Wl Sdf HB transitively dependent attribute 3 B 3NF ofl condition A violet 8% B AA remove sal. AA otal relation Hi 48 AA non-prime attribute 3 ® attribute A CLA transitivity AS Aa AA uRL otcl relation Hi Yl Wal AA otcll relation afl primary key etl. © Original relation Hi {let tut attribute AA Y primary key WA DH ¥ Wal a. o Adel, Gureil table Account_Branch & Account WA Branch table Hi decompose S2AlLHi WA BF AD Yo B: Account: Branch: [ano balance bname | [bname baddress | | ___f © &4, Account Mat Branch relation Hi 58 transitive dependency tell. © Aall, 2 cial relation third normal form Hi B. 5 | Dept: CE ‘ADBMS (3340701) Prof. Vishal K. Makwana