The concept of corrosion
resistance of engineering
materials
PRESENTED BY:
ANASS CHIOUA
THINGS TO DISCUSS
01 INTRODUCTION
02 CORROSION RESISTANCE
03 ALLOYING ELEMENTS
04 TEMPERATURE RESISTANT MATERIALS
05
06
INTRODUCTION
Corrosion resistance is defined as the ability of
a material (metallic or non-metallic) to withstand
corrosion damage caused by oxidation or other
chemical reactions.
Corrosion is a natural process that occurs
when materials, such as metals and alloys,
react with their environment, typically in the
presence of oxygen, acids, saltsand other
corrosive substances.
CORROSION RESISTANCE
There are several factors contribute to the corrosion
resistance of engineering materials:
ALLOYING ELEMENTS: ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
The addition of certain Corrosion can be influenced by
elements to metals can the surrounding environment,
enhance their corrosion including humidity, temperature,
resistance. For example, pH level, presence of corrosive
adding chromium to steel gases, chemicals, and pollutants.
forms a chromium oxide Different materials may have
layer, which improves the varying degrees of resistance to
material's resistance to specific corrosive environments.
corrosion.
ALLOYING
ELEMENTS
1. ferroaloy:
Ferroalloys are alloys composed primarily of iron (Fe) and one or more other
elements, such as manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), silicon (Si), or nickel (Ni).
These alloys are added to molten metal during the steelmaking or iron-casting
processes to introduce specific properties of the base metal, such as hardness,
strength, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and magnetic properties and
improve the overall quality of the final product.
1. ferroaloy:
Here are a few examples of how ferroalloys can contribute to corrosion resistance:
Stainless Steel: ferroalloy that contains a high amount of
chromium (typically 10.5% or more) along with other
alloying elements such as nickel. The presence of
chromium forms a protective oxide layer on the surface
which provides excellent corrosion resistance. Other
elements, such as nickel, further enhance the corrosion
resistance of stainless steel.
Nickel-Based Alloys: including those used in the
aerospace and chemical industries, often contain high
levels of nickel along with other elements such as
chromium, molybdenum, and iron. These alloys offer
superior corrosion resistance in aggressive environments,
including high-temperature and corrosive chemical
environments
ALLOYING
ELEMENTS
2.copper and copper alloys
Copper is a metal that can be used in its pure form
or alloyed with other elements to enhance specific
properties. Due to their corrosion resistance, copper
and its alloys find numerous applications where
corrosion protection is crucial. These applications
include plumbing systems, heat exchangers, electrical
wiring and connectors marine equipment, and industrial
machinery.
2.copper and copper alloys
Copper: Pure copper has good corrosion resistance in many environments,
particularly in non-oxidizing acids, and natural atmospheric conditions. It
forms a protective oxide layer on its surface which acts as a barrier
against further corrosion. However, copper can be susceptible to corrosion
in certain aggressive environments, such as acidic or oxidizing conditions.
Copper Alloys: Copper alloys are created by combining copper with other elements, such
as zinc, tin, nickel, aluminum, or silicon. The addition of these alloying elements can
significantly enhance corrosion resistance and expand the range of applications for
copper-based materials. Some commonly used copper alloys with improved corrosion
resistance include:
Brass: exhibits good corrosion resistance in many environments.
The specific corrosion resistance of brass depends on its composition,
with higher zinc content generally providing increased resistance
to dezincification (a form of corrosion that can occur in brass)
Cupronickel: Copper-nickel alloys possess excellent resistance to corrosion,
particularly in marine and saltwater environments. The most commonly used cupronickel
alloy, C70600 (90-10 copper-nickel), is widely utilized in marine applications such as
shipbuilding, offshore structures, and heat exchangers.
ALLOYING
ELEMENTS
3-aluminium and its alloys
Aluminum is a lightweight, durable metal that forms a natural
oxide layer on its surface, providing inherent protection
against corrosion.
Pure aluminum exhibits good corrosion resistance when it
is exposed to air it forms quickly a thin, transparent oxide
layer (aluminum oxide) on its surface. This oxide layer acts
as a protective barrier, preventing further oxidation and
corrosion. However, aluminum can be susceptible to
corrosion in certain aggressive environments, such as
acidic or alkaline solutions.
Aluminum alloys are created by combining aluminum with other elements,
such as copper, magnesium, zinc, manganese, or silicon. The addition of
these alloying elements can enhance specific properties, including
corrosion resistance.
Some commonly used aluminum alloys with improved corrosion resistance
include:
Aluminum-Copper Alloys: are commonly used in
aerospace and structural applications.
Aluminum-Magnesium Alloys: contain magnesium as
the primary alloying element and offer excellent
corrosion resistance, particularly in marine and
seawater environments.
Aluminum-Zinc Alloys: providing good corrosion
resistance, high strength, and durability. They are often
used in aerospace, automotive, and sporting goods
applications.
ALLOYING
ELEMENTS
3- Titanium and its alloys
Pure titanium exhibits exceptional corrosion resistance, even in harsh conditions.
When exposed to oxygen, titanium rapidly forms a thin, adherent oxide layer on
its surface. This oxide layer is highly stable and self-healing, providing excellent
protection against corrosion in various corrosive environments
Some commonly used titanium alloys with improved corrosion resistance include:
Ti-6Al-4V: This is the most widely used titanium alloy that contains "aluminum and
vanadium". It offers excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and good weldability.
It is extensively used in aerospace, medical implants, and marine applications.
Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo: contains "aluminum, tin, zirconium, and molybdenum". It offers
excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and good creep resistance, making it
suitable for applications in aerospace and marine industries.
TEMPERATURE
RESISTANT
MATERIALS
Temperature can have a significant impact on the corrosion
resistance of engineering materials. The relationship
between temperature and corrosion resistance depends on
several factors, including the specific material, the
corrosive environment, and the operating conditions.
High temperatures can accelerate corrosion processes by
increasing the rates of chemical reactions and diffusion of
reactants. Additionally, thermal cycling, where materials
undergo repeated heating and cooling cycles, can induce
thermal stress and contribute to corrosion fatigue.
CONCLUSION
By considering these factors that we discuss
today and other factors, engineers and
material scientists aim to select or develop
materials that possess high corrosion
resistance for specific applications. The goal
is to minimize the potential for corrosion-
related failures, increase durability, and
reduce maintenance and replacement costs
associated with corrosion damage.
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION
