UNIT -II

Leverages of Internet :
Here are some of the benefits and gains of leveraging cloud-based technologies and
solutions.

1. Improve business performance and workforce productivity:

Business intelligence, data processing tools/applications in abundance in cloud

platforms as SaaS or PaaS, organizations and SMEs will have the opportunity to
efficiently deploy tools to make quicker and informed business decisions, improve
turnaround time for business/service delivery, process large data/transactions faster,
improve internal processes and employee productivity. These tools are readily
available for organizations who need them while the cloud service providers have
put necessary controls in place to ensure confidentiality, integrity and availability
of subscribers' business data.

2. Optimization/Reduction in IT Cost:
With on-demand or pay-as-you-use (PAYU) billing model adopted by virtually all cloud
service providers, it will be cheaper, and more cost effective to use cloud-based
technologies than deploy such technologies on premise especially for SMEs who may not
have economies of scale to their advantage. This might be different for large corporations
with larger computer networks and high computing demands who can leverage on
economies of scale even though records have also shown that opting for cloud-based
solutions is cheaper and more beneficial than managing such service on premise.

3. Faster Deployment of Solutions:

Cloud-based technologies provides opportunity to deploy business solutions (applications

and services) faster, reach target customers and other stakeholders quicker. It gives more
viable means of getting to the market as fast as possible and in good time before
competitors do. This is most applicable in DevOps and application platforms-as-a-service
solutions where cloud services are leveraged to development, test, deploy and manage
web applications.

What is grid computing?

Grid computing is a computing infrastructure that combines computer resources spread
over different geographical locations to achieve a common goal. All unused resources on
multiple computers are pooled together and made available for a single task.
Organizations use grid computing to perform large tasks or solve complex problems that
are difficult to do on a single computer.

For example, meteorologists use grid computing for weather modeling. Weather
modeling is a computation-intensive problem that requires complex data management
and analysis. Processing massive amounts of weather data on a single computer is slow
and time consuming. That’s why meteorologists run the analysis over geographically
dispersed grid computing infrastructure and combine the results.
 Why is grid computing important?
Efficiency : With grid computing, you can break down an enormous, complex task
into multiple subtasks. Multiple computers can work on the subtasks concurrently,
making grid computing an efficient computational solution.

Cost : Grid computing works with existing hardware, which means you can reuse
existing computers. You can save costs while accessing your excess computational
resources. You can also cost-effectively access resources from the cloud.

Flexibility: Grid computing is not constrained to a specific building or location. You

can set up a grid computing network that spans several regions. This allows researchers in
different countries to work collaboratively with the same supercomputing power.

What are the use cases of grid computing?

The following are some common applications of grid computing:

Financial: servicesFinancial institutions use grid computing primarily to solve problems

involving risk management. By harnessing the combined computing powers in the grid, they
can shorten the duration of forecasting portfolio changes in volatile markets.

Gaming: The gaming industry uses grid computing to provide additional computational
resources for game developers. The grid computing system splits large tasks, such as
creating in-game designs, and allocates them to multiple machines. This results in a faster
turnaround for the game developers.
Entertainment: Some movies have complex special effects that require a powerful
computer to create. The special effects designers use grid computing to speed up the
production timeline. They have grid-supported software that shares computational resources
to render the special-effect graphics.

Engineering: Engineers use grid computing to perform simulations, create models, and
analyze designs. They run specialized applications concurrently on multiple machines to
process massive amounts of data. For example, engineers use grid computing to reduce the
duration of a Monte Carlo simulation, a software process that uses past data to make future
predictions.

What are the types of grid computing?

Grid computing is generally classified as follows.

Computational grid : A computational grid consists of high-performance computers. It

allows researchers to use the combined computing power of the computers. Researchers use
computational grid computing to perform resource-intensive tasks, such as mathematical
simulations.

Scavenging grid : While similar to computational grids, CPU scavenging grids

have many regular computers. The term scavenging describes the process of
searching for available computing resources in a network of regular computers.
While other network users access the computers for non-grid–related tasks, the grid
software uses these nodes when they are free. The scavenging grid is also known as
CPU scavenging or cycle scavenging.

Data grid: A data grid is a grid computing network that connects to multiple
computers to provide large data storage capacity. You can access the stored data as if
on your local machine without having to worry about the physical location of your
data on the grid.

What is Virtualization?
Virtualization can be defined as a process that enables the creation of a virtual
version of a desktop, operating system, network resources, or server. Virtualization
plays a key and dominant role in cloud computing.

Virtualization in Cloud Computing

Virtualization is the "creation of a virtual (rather than actual) version of something, such
as a server, a desktop, a storage device, an operating system or network resources".

In other words, Virtualization is a technique, which allows to share a single physical

instance of a resource or an application among multiple customers and organizations. It
does by assigning a logical name to a physical storage and providing a pointer to that
physical resource when demanded.
Types of Virtualization:
1. Hardware Virtualization.

2. Operating system Virtualization.

3. Server Virtualization.

4. Storage Virtualization.

1) Hardware Virtualization:

When the virtual machine software or virtual machine manager (VMM) is directly
installed on the hardware system is known as hardware virtualization.The main job of
hypervisor is to control and monitoring the processor, memory and other hardware
resources.After virtualization of hardware system we can install different operating
system on it and run different applications on those OS.

2) Operating System Virtualization:

When the virtual machine software or virtual machine manager (VMM) is installed on the
Host operating system instead of directly on the hardware system is known as operating
system virtualization.

3) Server Virtualization:

When the virtual machine software or virtual machine manager (VMM) is directly
installed on the Server system is known as server virtualization.
4) Storage Virtualization:

Storage virtualization is the process of grouping the physical storage from multiple
network storage devices so that it looks like a single storage device.

Characteristics of Virtualization
Virtualization offers several features or characteristics as listed below: –

● Distribution of resources: Virtualization and Cloud Computing technology

ensure end-users develop a unique computing environment. It is achieved through
the creation of one host machine. Through this host machine, the end-user can
restrict the number of active users. By doing so, it facilitates easy of control. They
can also be used to bring down power consumption.

● Accessibility of server resources: Virtualization delivers several unique

features that ensure no need for physical servers. Such features ensure a boost to
uptime, and there is less fault tolerance and availability of resources.

● Resource Isolation: Virtualization provides isolated virtual machines. Each

virtual machine can have many guest users, and guest users could be either
operating systems, devices, or applications.
The virtual machine provides such guest users with an isolated virtual
environment. This ensures that the sensitive information remains protected, and, at
the same time, guest users remain inter-connected with one another.
 ● Security and authenticity: The virtualization systems ensure continuous uptime
of systems, and it does automatic load balancing and ensures there is less
disruption of services.

● Aggregation: Aggregation in Virtualization is achieved through cluster

management software. This software ensures that the homogenous sets of
computers or networks are connected and act as one unified resource.

What are the benefits of virtualization?

Virtualization provides several benefits to any organization:

Efficient resource use: Virtualization improves hardware resources used in

your data center. For example, instead of running one server on one computer
system, you can create a virtual server pool on the same computer system by using
and returning servers to the pool as required. Having fewer underlying physical
servers frees up space in your data center and saves money on electricity,
generators, and cooling appliances.

Automated IT management: Now that physical computers are virtual,

you can manage them by using software tools. Administrators create deployment
and configuration programs to define virtual machine templates. You can duplicate
your infrastructure repeatedly and consistently and avoid error-prone manual
configurations.
 Faster disaster recovery:When events such as natural disasters or
cyberattacks negatively affect business operations, regaining access to IT
infrastructure and replacing or fixing a physical server can take hours or even
days. By contrast, the process takes minutes with virtualized environments. This
prompt response significantly improves resiliency and facilitates business
continuity so that operations can continue as scheduled.

What is a hypervisor:
A hypervisor, also known as a virtual machine monitor or VMM. The hypervisor is a
piece of software that allows us to build and run virtual machines which are abbreviated
as VMs.

A hypervisor allows a single host computer to support multiple virtual machines (VMs)
by sharing resources including memory and processing.

Multitenancy in Cloud computing

Multitenancy is a type of software architecture where a single software instance can serve
multiple distinct user groups. It means that multiple customers of cloud vendors are using
the same computing resources. As they are sharing the same computing resources but the
data of each Cloud customer is kept separate and secure. It is a very important concept of
Cloud Computing.

Multitenancy is also a shared host where the same resources are divided among different
customers in cloud computing.
For Example :
The example of multitenancy is the same as working of Bank. Multiple people can store
money in the same Bank. But every customer asset is different. One customer cannot
access the other customer's money and account, and different customers are not aware of
each other's account balance and details, etc.

Advantages of Multitenancy :

● The use of Available resources is maximized by sharing resources.

● Customer's Cost of Physical Hardware System is reduced, and it reduces the usage
of physical devices and thus power consumption and cooling cost savings.
 ● Save Vendor's cost as it becomes difficult for a cloud vendor to provide separate
Physical Services to each individual.

Disadvantages of Multitenancy :

● Data is stored in third-party services, which reduces our data security and puts it
into vulnerable conditions.

● Unauthorized access will cause damage to data.

Application Programming Interfaces (API) and

its Types:

An Application programming interface is a software interface that helps in

connecting between the computer or between computer programs. It is an interface
that provides the accessibility of information such that weather forecasting. In
simple words, you can say it is a software interface that offers service to the other
pieces of software.

Examples of web API:

● YouTube API allows developers to integrate YouTube videos and

functionality into websites or applications.
● Twitter offers two APIs. The REST API helps developers to access Twitter
data, and the search API provides methods for developers to interact with
Twitter Search.
Different types of APIs :
These are common types of APIs as follows.
1. Open APIs –
It is also called public APIs which are available to any other users. Open APIs help external users to
access the data and services. It is an open-source application programming interface in which we access
with HTTP protocols.
2. Internal APIs –
It is also known as private APIs, only an internal system exposes this type of
APIs. These are designed for the internal use of the company rather than the
external users.

3. Composite APIs –
It is a type of APIs that combines different data and services. The main
reason to use Composites APIs is to improve the performance and to speed
the execution process and improve the performance of the listeners in the
web interfaces.

4. Partner APIs –
It is a type of APIs in which a developer needs specific rights or licenses in
order to access. Partner APIs are not available to the public.

Applications of APIs in the real world : Here, some real-world

applications are as follows.

● Weather snippets –
In weather snippets, APIs are generally used to access a large set of
datasets to access the information of weather forecast which is very
 helpful information in day-to-day life.

● Login –
In this functionality, APIs are widely used to log in via Google, Linked
In, Git Hub, Twitter and allow users to access the log-in portal by using
the API interface.

● Entertainment –
In this field, APIs are used to access and provide a huge set of databases
to access movies, web series, comedy, etc.E-commerce website –
In this, APIs provide the functionality like if you have purchase
something, and now you want to pay so, API provides interface like you
can pay using different bank debit cards, UPI(Unified Payments
Interface), credit card, wallet, etc.

● Gaming –
In gaming, it provides an interface like you can access the information of the
game, and you can connect to different users and play with
different-different users at the same time.
 Cloud Service Models

There are the following three types of cloud service models -

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

3. Software as a Service (SaaS)

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

IaaS is also known as Hardware as a Service (HaaS). It is a computing
infrastructure managed over the internet. The main advantage of using IaaS is that
it helps users to avoid the cost and complexity of purchasing and managing the
physical servers.
Characteristics of IaaS:

There are the following characteristics of IaaS -

● Resources are available as a service

● Services are highly scalable

● Dynamic and flexible

● GUI and API-based access

● Automated administrative tasks

Example: DigitalOcean, Linode, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google
Compute Engine (GCE), Rackspace, and Cisco Metacloud.

2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

PaaS cloud computing platform is created for the programmer to develop, test, run,
and manage the applications.

Characteristics of PaaS

There are the following characteristics of PaaS -

● Accessible to various users via the same development application.

● Integrates with web services and databases.

● Builds on virtualization technology, so resources can easily be scaled up or

down as per the organization's need.

Example: AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Windows Azure, Heroku, Force.com, Google

App Engine, Apache Stratos, Magento Commerce Cloud, and OpenShift.
3. Software as a Service (SaaS)
SaaS is also known as "on-demand software". It is a software in which the
applications are hosted by a cloud service provider. Users can access these
applications with the help of internet connection and web browser.

Characteristics of SaaS

There are the following characteristics of SaaS -

● Managed from a central location

● Hosted on a remote server

● Accessible over the internet

Example: BigCommerce, Google Apps, Salesforce, Dropbox, ZenDesk, Cisco

WebEx, ZenDesk, Slack, and GoToMeeting.

Architecture of Cloud Computing

which is one of the demanding technology of the current time and which is
giving a new shape to every organization by providing on demand virtualized
services/resources. Starting from small to medium and medium to large,
every organization use cloud computing services for storing information and
accessing it from anywhere and any time only with the help of internet.

Cloud Computing Architecture :

The cloud architecture is divided into 2 parts i.e.

1. Frontend
 2. Backend

1. Frontend :
Frontend of the cloud architecture refers to the client side of cloud computing
system. Means it contains all the user interfaces and applications which are used by
the client to access the cloud computing services/resources. For example, use of a
web browser to access the cloud platform.
2. Backend :
Backend refers to the cloud itself which is used by the service provider. It contains
the resources as well as manages the resources and provides security mechanisms.
Along with this, it includes huge storage, virtual applications, virtual machines,
traffic control mechanisms, deployment models, etc.
1. Application –
Application in backend refers to a software or platform to which client
accesses. Means it provides the service in backend as per the client
requirement.

2. Service –
Service in backend refers to the major three types of cloud based services like SaaS, PaaS
and IaaS. Also manages which type of service the user accesses.

3. Runtime Cloud-
Runtime cloud in backend provides the execution and Runtime
platform/environment to the Virtual machine.

4. Storage –
Storage in backend provides flexible and scalable storage service and
management of stored data.

5. Infrastructure –
Cloud Infrastructure in backend refers to the hardware and software
components of cloud like it includes servers, storage, network devices,
virtualization software etc.
6. Management –
Management in backend refers to management of backend components like
application, service, runtime cloud, storage, infrastructure, and other security
mechanisms etc.

7. Security –
Security in backend refers to implementation of different security mechanisms in
the backend for secure cloud resources, systems, files, and infrastructure to
end-users.

8. Internet –
Internet connection acts as the medium or a bridge between frontend and backend
and establishes the interaction and communication between frontend and backend.

Infrastructure as a Service (IAAS)

Iaas is also known as Hardware as a Service (HaaS). It is one of the layers of the
cloud computing platform. It allows customers to outsource their IT infrastructures
such as servers, networking, processing, storage, virtual machines, and other
resources. Customers access these resources on the Internet using a pay-as-per use
model.

In traditional hosting services, IT infrastructure was rented out for a specific period
of time, with pre-determined hardware configuration. The client paid for the
configuration and time, regardless of the actual use. With the help of the IaaS cloud
computing platform layer, clients can dynamically scale the configuration to meet
changing requirements and are billed only for the services actually used.

IaaS cloud computing platform layer eliminates the need for every organization to
maintain the IT infrastructure.

IaaS provider provides the following services -

1. Compute: Computing as a Service includes virtual central processing units

and virtual main memory for the Vms that is provisioned to the end- users.

2. Storage: IaaS provider provides back-end storage for storing files.

3. Network: Network as a Service (NaaS) provides networking components

such as routers, switches, and bridges for the Vms.

4. Load balancers: It provides load balancing capability at the infrastructure

layer.
Advantages of IaaS cloud computing layer

There are the following advantages of IaaS computing layer -

1. Shared infrastructure

IaaS allows multiple users to share the same physical infrastructure.

2. Web access to the resources

Iaas allows IT users to access resources over the internet.

3. Pay-as-per-use model

IaaS providers provide services based on the pay-as-per-use basis. The users are
required to pay for what they have used.

4.Focus on the core business

IaaS providers focus on the organization's core business rather than on IT

infrastructure.

5. On-demand scalability

On-demand scalability is one of the biggest advantages of IaaS. Using IaaS, users
do not worry about to upgrade software and troubleshoot the issues related to
hardware components.
Disadvantages of IaaS cloud computing layer

1. Security:Security is one of the biggest issues in IaaS. Most of the IaaS

providers are not able to provide 100% security.

2. Maintenance & Upgrade:

Although IaaS service providers maintain the software, but they do not upgrade the
software for some organizations.

3. Interoperability issues:

It is difficult to migrate VM from one IaaS provider to the other, so the customers
might face problem related to vendor lock-in.

Top Iaas Providers who are providing IaaS cloud computing

platform
IaaS Vendor Iaas Solution Details

Amazon Web Elastic, Elastic The cloud computing platform pioneer,

Services Compute Cloud (EC2) Amazon offers auto scaling, cloud

MapReduce, Route 53, monitoring, and load balancing features as

Virtual Private Cloud, part of its portfolio.

etc.

Netmagic Netmagic IaaS Cloud Netmagic runs from data centers in

Solutions Mumbai, Chennai, and Bangalore, and a

virtual data center in the United States.

Plans are underway to extend services to

West Asia.
 Rackspace Cloud servers, cloud The cloud computing platform vendor

files, cloud sites, etc. focuses primarily on enterprise-level

hosting services.

Reliance Reliance Internet Data RIDC supports both traditional hosting and

Communicati Center cloud services, with data centers in

ons Mumbai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, and

Chennai. The cloud services offered by

RIDC include IaaS and SaaS.

Sify Sify IaaS Sify's cloud computing platform is

Technologies powered by HP's converged infrastructure.

The vendor offers all three types of cloud

services: IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.

Tata InstaCompute InstaCompute is Tata Communications'

Communicati IaaS offering. InstaCompute data centers

ons are located in Hyderabad and Singapore,

with operations in both countries.

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Platform as a Service (PaaS) provides a runtime environment. It allows
programmers to easily create, test, run, and deploy web applications. You can
purchase these applications from a cloud service provider on a pay-as-per use basis
and access them using the Internet connection. In PaaS, back end scalability is
managed by the cloud service provider, so end- users do not need to worry about
managing the infrastructure.

PaaS includes infrastructure (servers, storage, and networking) and platform

(middleware, development tools, database management systems, business
intelligence, and more) to support the web application life cycle.

Example: Google App Engine, Force.com, Joyent, Azure.

PaaS providers provide the Programming languages, Application frameworks,

Databases, and Other tools:

1. Programming languages

PaaS providers provide various programming languages for the developers to develop
the applications. Some popular programming languages provided by PaaS providers are
Java, PHP, Ruby, Perl, and Go.

2. Application frameworks
PaaS providers provide application frameworks to easily understand the application
development. Some popular application frameworks provided by PaaS providers are
Node.js, Drupal, Joomla, WordPress, Spring, Play, Rack, and Zend.

3. Databases

PaaS providers provide various databases such as ClearDB, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, and
Redis to communicate with the applications.

4. Other tools

PaaS providers provide various other tools that are required to develop, test, and deploy
the applications.

Advantages of PaaS
There are the following advantages of PaaS -

1) Simplified Development

PaaS allows developers to focus on development and innovation without worrying

about infrastructure management.

2) Lower risk

No need for up-front investment in hardware and software. Developers only need a
PC and an internet connection to start building applications.
3) Prebuilt business functionality

Some PaaS vendors also provide already defined business functionality so that
users can avoid building everything from very scratch and hence can directly start
the projects only.

4) Instant community

PaaS vendors frequently provide online communities where the developer can get
the ideas to share experiences and seek advice from others.

5) Scalability

Applications deployed can scale from one to thousands of users without any
changes to the applications.

Disadvantages of PaaS cloud computing layer

1) Vendor lock-in

One has to write the applications according to the platform provided by the PaaS
vendor, so the migration of an application to another PaaS vendor would be a
problem.

2) Data Privacy
Corporate data, whether it can be critical or not, will be private, so if it is not
located within the walls of the company, there can be a risk in terms of privacy of
data.

3) Integration with the rest of the systems applications

It may happen that some applications are local, and some are in the cloud. So there
will be chances of increased complexity when we want to use data which in the
cloud with the local data.

Popular PaaS Providers:

 Providers Services

Google App App Identity, URL Fetch, Cloud storage client library,
Engine (GAE) Logservice

Salesforce.com Faster implementation, Rapid scalability, CRM Services, Sales

cloud, Mobile connectivity, Chatter.

Windows Compute, security, IoT, Data Storage.

Azure

AppFog Justcloud.com, SkyDrive, GoogleDocs

Openshift RedHat, Microsoft Azure.

Cloud Data, Messaging, and other services.

Foundry from
VMware
 Software as a Service ( SaaS)

SaaS is also known as "On-Demand Software". It is a software distribution model

in which services are hosted by a cloud service provider. These services are
available to end-users over the internet so, the end-users do not need to install any
software on their devices to access these services.

Example: Slack, Samepage, Box, and Zoho Forms.

There are the following services provided by SaaS providers -

Business Services - SaaS Provider provides various business services to

start-up the business. The SaaS business services include ERP (Enterprise
Resource Planning), CRM (Customer Relationship Management), billing, and
sales.

Document Management - SaaS document management is a software

application offered by a third party (SaaS providers) to create, manage, and track
electronic documents.

Social Networks - As we all know, social networking sites are used by the
general public, so social networking service providers use SaaS for their
convenience and handle the general public's information.

Mail Services - To handle the unpredictable number of users and load on e-mail
services, many e-mail providers offering their services using SaaS.
Advantages of SaaS cloud computing layer
1) SaaS is easy to buy
SaaS pricing is based on a monthly fee or annual fee subscription, so it allows
organizations to access business functionality at a low cost, which is less than
licensed applications.

2. One to Many
SaaS services are offered as a one-to-many model means a single instance of the
application is shared by multiple users.

3. Less hardware required for SaaS

The software is hosted remotely, so organizations do not need to invest in
additional hardware.

4. Low maintenance required for SaaS

Software as a service removes the need for installation, set-up, and daily
maintenance for the organizations. The initial set-up cost for SaaS is typically less
than the enterprise software. SaaS vendors are pricing their applications based on
some usage parameters, such as a number of users using the application. So SaaS
does easy to monitor and automatic updates.

Disadvantages of SaaS cloud computing layer

1) Security
Actually, data is stored in the cloud, so security may be an issue for some users.
However, cloud computing is not more secure than in-house deployment.

2) Latency issue
Since data and applications are stored in the cloud at a variable distance from the
end-user, there is a possibility that there may be greater latency when interacting
with the application compared to local deployment. Therefore, the SaaS model is
not suitable for applications whose demand response time is in milliseconds.

3) Total Dependency on Internet

Without an internet connection, most SaaS applications are not usable.

4) Switching between SaaS vendors is difficult

Switching SaaS vendors involves the difficult and slow task of transferring the
very large data files over the internet and then converting and importing them into
another SaaS also.
Popular SaaS Providers
Provider Services

Salseforce.co On-demand CRM solutions

m

Microsoft Online office suite

Office 365

Google Apps Gmail, Google Calendar, Docs, and sites

NetSuite ERP, accounting, order management, CRM, Professionals

Services Automation (PSA), and e-commerce applications.

GoToMeetin Online meeting and video-conferencing software

g

Constant E-mail marketing, online survey, and event marketing

Contact

Oracle CRM CRM applications

Workday, Human capital management, payroll, and financial management.

Inc
Different Types Of Cloud Computing / Deployment Models
Most cloud hubs have tens of thousands of servers and storage devices to enable
fast loading. It is often possible to choose a geographic area to put the data "closer"
to users. Thus, deployment models for cloud computing are categorized based on
their location. To know which model would best fit the requirements of your
organization, let us first learn about the various types.

1.Public Cloud

The name says it all. It is accessible to the public. Public deployment models in the
cloud are perfect for organizations with growing and fluctuating demands. It also
makes a great choice for companies with low-security concerns. Thus, you pay a
cloud service provider for networking services, compute virtualization & storage
available on the public internet.
Benefits of Public Cloud

● Minimal Investment - As a pay-per-use service, there is no large upfront cost

and is ideal for businesses who need quick access to resources

● No Hardware Setup - The cloud service providers fully fund the entire
Infrastructure

Limitations of Public Cloud

● Data Security and Privacy Concerns - Since it is accessible to all, it does not
fully protect against cyber-attacks and could lead to vulnerabilities.

● Reliability Issues - Since the same server network is open to a wide range of
users, it can lead to malfunction and outages
 ● Service/License Limitation - While there are many resources you can
exchange with tenants, there is a usage cap.

2. Private Cloud

Now that you understand what the public cloud could offer you, of course, you are
keen to know what a private cloud can do. Companies that look for cost efficiency
and greater control over data & resources will find the private cloud a more
suitable choice.

It means that it will be integrated with your data center and managed by your IT
team. Alternatively, you can also choose to host it externally.

Benefits of Private Cloud

● Data Privacy - It is ideal for storing corporate data where only authorized
personnel gets access
 ● Security - Segmentation of resources within the same Infrastructure can help
with better access and higher levels of security.

● Supports Legacy Systems - This model supports legacy systems that cannot
access the public cloud.

Limitations of Private Cloud

● Higher Cost - With the benefits you get, the investment will also be larger
than the public cloud. Here, you will pay for software, hardware, and
resources for staff and training.

● Fixed Scalability - The hardware you choose will accordingly help you scale
in a certain direction

● High Maintenance - Since it is managed in-house, the maintenance costs

also increase.

3.Community Cloud

The community cloud operates in a way that is similar to the public cloud. There's
just one difference - it allows access to only a specific set of users who share
common objectives and use cases. This type of deployment model of cloud
computing is managed and hosted internally or by a third-party vendor. However,
you can also choose a combination of all three.
Benefits of Community Cloud

● Smaller Investment - A community cloud is much cheaper than the private

& public cloud and provides great performance

● Setup Benefits - The protocols and configuration of a community cloud must

align with industry standards, allowing customers to work much more
efficiently.

Limitations of Community Cloud

● Shared Resources - Due to restricted bandwidth and storage capacity,

community resources often pose challenges.

● Not as Popular - Since this is a recently introduced model, it is not that

popular or available across industries
4.Hybrid Cloud

As the name suggests, a hybrid cloud is a combination of two or more cloud

architectures. While each model in the hybrid cloud functions differently, it is all
part of the same architecture. Further, as part of this deployment of the cloud
computing model, the internal or external providers can offer resources.

Let's understand the hybrid model better. A company with critical data will prefer
storing on a private cloud, while less sensitive data can be stored on a public cloud.

Benefits of Hybrid Cloud

● Cost-Effectiveness - The overall cost of a hybrid solution decreases since it

majorly uses the public cloud to store data.
 ● Security - Since data is properly segmented, the chances of data theft from
attackers are significantly reduced.

Limitations of Hybrid Cloud

● Complexity - It is complex setting up a hybrid cloud since it needs to

integrate two or more cloud architectures

● Specific Use Case - This model makes more sense for organizations that
have multiple use cases or need to separate critical and sensitive data.