UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS

ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI :: CHENNAI 600 025 REGULATIONS 2008 CURRICULUM FROM III & IV SEMESTERS FOR

CURRICULUM FOR B.E GEOINFORMATICS ENGINEERING

SEMESTER - III Sl. No. THEORY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 MA 92 11 GI 92 01 GI 92 02 GI 92 03 GI 92 04 AG 92 12 GI 92 05 GI 92 06 GI 92 07 Mathematics - III Surveying I Cartography Photogrammetry I Database Systems Applied Geology Survey Practical I Photogrammetry Laboratory I Database Systems Laboratory TOTAL 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 18 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 4 2 4 12 4 3 4 4 3 3 2 1 2 26 CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C

PRACTICAL

SEMESTER - IV Sl. No. THEORY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 MA 92 61 GI 92 51 GI 92 52 GI 92 53 GI 92 54 GE 90 21 GI 92 55 GI 92 56 Probability and Statistics Surveying II Digital Image Processing Object Oriented Programming Electronic Surveying Environmental Science and Engineering Survey Practical II Digital Image Processing Laboratory I TOTAL 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 1 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 2 0 4 4 12 4 3 3 4 4 3 2 2 25 CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C

PRACTICAL

MA 92 11

MATHEMATICS-III

L T P 3 1 0

C 4

AIM: To facilitate the understanding of the principles and to cultivate the art of formulating physical problems in the language of mathematics. OBJECTIVES: To introduce Fourier series analysis which is central to many applications in engineering apart from its use in solving boundary value problems To acquaint the student with Fourier transform techniques used in wide variety of situations in which the functions used are not periodic To introduce the effective mathematical tools for the solutions of partial differential equations that model physical processes To develop Z- transform techniques which will perform the same task for discrete time systems as Laplace Transform, a valuable aid in analysis of continuous time systems 9+3

UNIT I FOURIER SERIES

Dirichlets conditions General Fourier series Odd and even functions Half-range Sine and Cosine series Complex form of Fourier series Parsevals identity Harmonic Analysis. UNIT II FOURIER TRANSFORM 9+3

Fourier integral theorem Fourier transform pair-Sine and Cosine transforms Properties Transform of elementary functions Convolution theorem Parsevals identity. UNIT III PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9+3

Formation Solutions of first order equations Standard types and Equations reducible to standard types Singular solutions Lagranges Linear equation Integral surface passing through a given curve Solution of linear equations of higher order with constant coefficients. UNIT IV APPLICATIONS OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9+3

Method of separation of Variables Solutions of one dimensional wave equation and one-dimensional heat equation Steady state solution of two-dimensional heat equation Fourier series solutions in Cartesian coordinates.

UNIT V Z TRANSFORM AND DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS

9+3

Z-transform Elementary properties Inverse Z-transform Convolution theorem Initial and Final value theorems Formation of difference equation Solution of difference equation using Z-transform. L: 45 + T : 15 TOTAL : 60 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. Grewal, B.S. Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publications, 2007. REFERENCES: 1. Glyn James, Advanced Modern Engineering Mathematics, Pearson Education, 2007. 2. Ramana, B.V. Higher Engineering Mathematics Tata McGraw Hill, 2007. 3. Bali, N.P. and Manish Goyal, A Text Book of Engineering 7th Edition, 2007 Lakshmi Publications (P) Limited, New Delhi.

GI 92 01

SURVEYING I

L T P C 3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this course is to introduce the rudiments of Land Survey methods and principles to Geoinformatics Engineers. This is the correct term and it falls under the general title of Land Surveying. UNIT I FUNDAMNETALS OF SURVEYING 4

Definition Plane Surveying Geodetic surveying Branches of Surveying Basic principles Fieldwork and office work Scales Mistakes and errors and accuracy. UNIT II CHAIN SURVEYING 9

Equipment ranging and chaining reciprocal ranging well conditioned triangles Errors in linear measurement and their corrections Fieldwork Office work Obstacles. UNIT III COMPASS SURVEYING AND PLANE TABLE SURVEYING 12

Compass Types Bearing systems Local attraction Magnetic declination Dip Traversing Plotting Adjustment of error Plane table Instruments and accessories Merits and demerits Methods Radiation intersection resection traversing. UNIT IV LEVELLING 14

Level line Horizontal line Datum Levels and staves Bench marks temporary and permanent adjustments Fly levelling Check levelling Procedure in levelling Booking Reduction Curvature and refraction Reciprocal levelling Longitudinal and Cross section Plotting Contouring Methods Characteristics and uses of contours Plotting. UNIT V AREAS AND VOLUMES 6

The Planimeter Areas enclosed by straight lines Irregular figures Volumes Earthwork calculations Capacity of reservoirs Mass haul diagrams. TOTAL : 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. James M. Anderson and Edward M. Mikhail, Surveying, Theory and Practice, Seventh Edition, Mc Graw Hill 2001. Bannister and S. Raymond, Surveying, Seventh Edition, Longman 2004. S.K. Roy, Fundamentals of Surveying, Second Edition, Prentice Hall of India 2004.

REFERENCES: 1. A.M. Chandra, Plane Surveying, New Age International Publishers 2002. 2. Alak De, Plane Surveying, S. Chand & Company Ltd., 2000.

GI 92 02

CARTOGRAPHY

L T P C 3 0 2 4

OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this course is to introduce Cartography and its elements as the Art and Science of Map Making. The course also describes its connections with the Communication Science and Digital Computer as structured and need based information of Spatial Data. UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF CARTOGRAPHY 9

Cartography today Nature of Cartography History of Cartography Cartographic Visualization Web Cartography Graticules Cartometry Map Characteristics Modern Trends. UNIT II EARTH 9

Earth-Map Relations Basic Geodesy Map Projections Scale Reference and Coordinate system Transformation Basic Transformation Affine Transformation. UNIT III SOURCES OF DATA 9

Sources of data Ground Survey and Positioning Remote Sensing data collection Census and sampling data Models for digital cartographic information Map digitising. UNIT IV PERCEPTION AND DESIGN 9

Cartographic design Colour theory and models Colour and pattern creation and specification colour and pattern Typography and lettering the map Map compilation Demography and Statistical mapping. UNIT V CARTOGRAPHY ABSTRACTION 9

Selection and Generalisation Principles Symbolisation Topographic and thematic maps Map production and Reproduction Map series. TOTAL : 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. R.W. Anson and F.J. Ormeling, Basic Cartography for students and Technicians. Vol.I, II and III, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, 3rd Edition, 2004. 2. Arthur, H. Robinson et al, Elements of Cartography, Seventh Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2004. 3. John Campbell, Introductory Cartography, Wm.C. Brown Publishers, Third Edition, 2004. REFERENCES: 1. Menno Jan Kraak & Ferjan Ormeling, Cartography Visualization of Geospatial Data, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2004

GI 92 03

PHOTOGRAMMETRY I

L T P C 3 1 0 4

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this course is to introduce basics and concepts of optics, Aerial photography acquisition and mapping from aerial photographs. UNIT I BASIC OPTICS AND PRINCIPLES OF PHOTOGRAPHY 15 History of Photogrammetry Definition, Applications Types of Photographs, Classification Photographic overlaps Use of mirror, prism, wedges, lens formula, Scheimpflug condition, and lens aberration lens resolving power light distribution over image plane Filters used fiber optics. Principles of photographic process relationship of aperture and shutter speed contact printing - projection printing. UNIT II CAMERAS AND CO-ORDINATE MEASUREMENT 8 Types of Aerial cameras Construction Camera accessories Camera calibration Terrestrial Metric cameras. Coordinate measurement using comparators Two dimension coordinate transformation refinement of photo coordinates. UNIT III STEREOSCOPIC AND PLANIMETRIC MAPPING WITH VERTICAL, TILTED AND OBLIQUE PHOTOGRAPHS 20 Stereoscopic depth perception Different types of stereoscopes vertical exaggeration base lining and orientation principle of floating mark methods of parallax measurement vertical photographs geometry, scale, parallax equations, planimetric mapping Tilted photograph Geometry, Coordinate system, Scale, Planimetric mapping Rectification Geometry, Graphical and Analytical methods Mosaics. UNIT IV PROJECT PLANNING AND GROUND CONTROL SURVEY 8

Flight Planning Crab & Drift Computation of flight plan Specification for Aerial photography Basic horizontal and vertical control Pre pointing and Post pointing Planning for Ground Control Cost estimates. UNIT V PHOTO INTERPRETATION 9 Basic characteristics of Photographic images Interpretation keys Visual interpretation Basic elements in Photographic interpretation Example Equipments for interpretation. L:45 + T:15 TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Paul. R Wolf., Bon A.DeWitt, Elements of Photogrammetry with Application in GIS McGraw Hill International Book Co., 3rd Edition, 2000

REFERENCES: 1. E.M.Mikhail, J.S.Bethel, J.C.McGlone, Introduction to Modern Photogrammetry, Wiley Publisher, 2001. 2. Gollfried Konecny, Geoinformation: Remote Sensing, Photogrammetry and Geographical Information Systems, CRC Press, 1st Edition, 2002 3. Manual of Photogrammetry, American Society of Photogrammetry, 5th Edition 2004.

GI 92 04

DATABASE SYSTEMS

L T 3 0

P 0

C 3

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this course is to introduce the students to basic concepts of database, file systems and organization, Database Management System (DBMS) and .Net for database. UNIT I INTRODUCTION 7

Data Information - File system vs DBMS Data models Hardware and software requirements Database Management Systems Database languages, Database Architecture, users and administrators Classification of Database Management Systems UNIT II RELATIONAL DATA MODEL 9

Relational model Data Structure Constraints Keys Codds Rule Relational Algebra Fundamental operations - Additional operations Extended operations Null values UNIT III SQL 9

SQL Data Definition - Basic structure of SQL queries Set operations Aggregate Functions Null values Nested sub queries Complex queries Views Embedded SQL Dynamic SQL Triggers UNIT IV DATABASE DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT 10

Design process Entity Relationship Model Constraints EER Diagrams Atomic domain and First Normal Form - Functional Dependency Decomposition using Functional dependencies Normalization using Multi-Valued Dependencies and Join Dependencies Basic concepts of file organizations, indexing and hashing - Database recovery techniques Database Security Handling Spatial Database UNIT V ACCESSING DATA USING ADO.NET AND VB.NET 10

ADO.Net Object Model using OLE DB managed provider Other data providers Accessing XML data Building Windows application using VB.Net Programming web applications with web form TOTAL : 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth and S.Sudharshan, Database System Concepts, Fifth edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2005 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant B.Navathe, Fundamentals of Database Systems Fourth edition, Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt. Ltd. 1st Indian Reprint, 2004

REFERENCES: 1. Raghu Ramakrishnan and Johannes Gehrke, Database Management Systems, 3nd Edition, , McGraw Hill Publishers, 2003 2. Paul J. Deitel and Harvey M. Deital Visual Basic 2005 for Programmers, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2007.

AG 9212

APPLIED GEOLOGY

L T P 3 0 0

C 3

OBJECTIVE: To familiarize the student about the various geological and methods for Geomorphological processes and the exploration of various natural resources UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9

Geology for natural resources inventory Branches of geology - Scope. Interior of the Earth, Weathering, Plate Tectonics, Structural geology and introduction to geological structures folds, faults, joints, lineaments UNIT II GEOMORPHOLOGY 9

Landforms and geomorphic process Classification and description of Structural, Denudation, Fluvial, Aeolian, Glacial and Coastal landforms. Drainage pattern and morphometry. UNIT III MINERALS AND ROCKS 9

Physical properties of important rock and ore forming minerals- Classification and description of rocks - Forms and mode of occurrence - outline and distribution of economic minerals UNIT IV GEO-EXPLORATION 9

Geophysical methods Seismic, Electrical, Gravity, and Magnetic - Remote sensing techniques for Geological mapping Groundwater Mineral - Hydrocarbon and Geothermal energy exploration. UNIT V NATURAL HAZARDS 9

Classification Causes for natural hazards Mitigation - Earthquakes Landslides Volcanism Tsunami - Cyclones and Floods TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Ravi P. Gupta, Remote Sensing Geology, Springer-Verlag New York, 2002.

REFERENCES: 1. Arnaud Gerkens, J.C. Foundation of exploration geophysics. Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier; New York, NY, U.S.A., 2002 2. S.N. Pandey, Principles and Applications of Photo geology: New Age International (P) Ltd., New Delhi. 1988. 3. Bloom, A.L. Geomorphology: A systematic analysis of late Cenozoic landforms Waveland press, INC. Long Grove, Illinois. 1998.

GI 92 05

SURVEY PRACTICAL I

L T P C 0 0 4 2

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this course is to introduce the principles of surveying, instruments and various methods. UNIT I CHAIN SURVEYING a) b) c) d) Study of chain and its accessories Ranging, chaining and Pacing Chain traversing without cross staff Chain traversing with cross staff

UNIT II COMPASS SURVEYING e) Study of Prismatic and Surveyors Compasses f) Triangulation problem g) Compass traversing UNIT III PLANE TABLE SURVEYING h) i) j) k) l) m) n) o) p) Study of plane table and its accessories Radiation Intersection: Triangulation problem Resection Three point problem Mechanical method Trial and error method Graphical solution Resection Two Point problem Plane table traversing

UNIT IV STUDY OF MINOR INSTRUMENTS

TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

GI 92 06 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3.

PHOTOGRAMMETRY LABORATORY I

L T P C 0 0 2 1

To determine the stereoscopic acquity for stereo measurement, To provide exposure in handling basic equipment like stereoscope, parallax bar To provide details about project planning activities and selection of Ground Control Points.

EXERCISE DESCRIPTION 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Testing Stereovision with test card Finding stereoscopic acquity Determination of photo scale Mirror Stereoscope Base lining and Orientation of Aerial Photographs Use of parallax bar to find the height of point Determination of slope using parallax point Aerial photograph i) direct tracing of features for Urban planning and Highway planning ii) Radial line triangulation 8. Study of Aerial camera / Terrestrial camera 9. Preparation of flight plan 10. Selection of ground control point (horizontal & vertical) 11. Introduction to Analytical Stereo plotting instrument TOTAL : 30 PERIODS

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GI 92 07

DATABASE SYSTEMS LABORATORY

L 0

T 0

P 4

C 2

OBJECTIVE: To get practical experience on the server client setup on the database management 1. Server / client operations The server / client Starting / Shutdown of server - Configuring client over network 2. Data Definition of Tables and Views Exercises on Creation, Deletion and Modification of definition 3. Data Manipulation of Tables and views Exercises on queries and to insert, delete and modify rows 4. Data Control of Tables and Views Exercises on control of tables and views 5. Database triggers Use of queries on complex integrity constraints 6. Forms designing Designing of forms for input/output 7. Menu designing Designing of user menus for database interactions 8. Report preparations Generating formatted reports 9. Front end tool applications Designing of database application with any front end tool TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

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MA 92 61 AIM:

PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS

L T P C 3 1 0 4

This course aims at providing the required skill to apply the statistical tools in engineering problems. OBJECTIVES: 1. The students will have a fundamental knowledge of the concepts of probability. 2. Have knowledge of standard distributions which can describe real life phenomenon. 3. Have the notion of sampling distributions and statistical techniques used in management problems. UNIT I RANDOM VARIABLES 9+3

Discrete and Continuous random variables Moments Moment generating functions Binomial, Poisson, Geometric, Uniform, Exponential, Gamma, Weibull and Normal distributions - Functions of a random variable. UNIT II TWO-DIMENSIONAL RANDOM VARIABLES 9+3

Joint distributions Marginal and Conditional distributions Covariance Correlation and Linear regression Transformation of random variables Central limit theorem (for independent and identically distributed random variables). UNIT III TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS 9+3

Sampling distributions - Tests for single mean, proportion, Difference of means (large and small samples) Tests for single variance and equality of variances 2-test for goodness of fit Independence of attributes Non-parametric tests: Test for Randomness and Rank-sum test (Wilcoxon test). UNIT IV DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS 9+3

Completely randomized design Randomized block design Latin square design 22 - factorial design. UNIT V STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL 9+3

Control charts for measurements ( X and R charts) Control charts for attributes (p, c and np charts) Tolerance limits - Acceptance sampling. L: 45 + T: 15 TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

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TEXT BOOKS: 1. Milton, J. S. and Arnold, J.C., Introduction to Probability and Statistics, Tata McGraw Hill, 4th edition, 2007. 2. Johnson, R.A. and Gupta, C.B., Miller and Freunds Probability and Statistics for Engineers, Pearson Education, Asia, 7th edition, 2007. REFERENCES: 1. Devore, J.L., Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences, Thomson Brooks/Cole, International Student Edition, 7th edition, 2008. 2. Walpole, R.E., Myers, R.H., Myers, S.L. and Ye, K., Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists, Pearson Education, Asia , 8th edition, 2007. 3. Ross, S.M., Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists, 3rd edition, Elsevier, 2004. 4. Spiegel, M.R., Schiller, J. and Srinivasan, R.A., Schaums Outline of Theory and Problems of Probability and Statistics, Tata McGraw Hill edition, 2004.

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GI 92 51

SURVEYING II

L T 3 0

P 0

C 3

OBJECTIVE: This subject deals with angular measurements, distance measurements and Control Survey methodology. The student is introduced briefly to Hydrographic Survey operations also. UNIT I THEODOLITE SURVEYING 10 Theodolite Types Description and uses Temporary and Permanent adjustments of vernier transit - Horizontal angles vertical angles Heights and distances Traversing Closing error and distribution Gales tables - Omitted measurements Laser attachment. UNIT II TACHEOMETRIC SURVEYING 8 Tacheometric systems Tangential, Stadia and Subtense methods Stadia systems Horizontal and inclined sights, vertical and normal staffing, fixed and movable hairs stadia constants Anallactic lens Subtense bar. UNIT III CONTROL SURVEYING 15 Horizontal and Vertical control Methods Triangulation Signals Base line Instruments and accessories Corrections Satellite station Reduction to centre Trigonometric levelling Single and reciprocal observations Precise levelling Types of instruments Adjustments Field procedure. UNIT IV HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING 7 Tides MSL Sounding and methods Location of Soundings and methods Three-point problem Strength of fix Sextants and station pointer River Surveys Measurement of current and discharge. UNIT V TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEYING 5 Scale and Precision Methods of Representation Planning Instruments Location of details Electronic positioning system Uses of Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Modern Trends. TOTAL : 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS:

1. Kanetkar T.P. Surveying and Levelling, Vols I and II, United Book Corporation, Pune, 1994 2. Punmia V.C. Surveying, Vols I, II and III Laxmi Publications, 1989. REFERENCES:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. James M. Anderson and Edward M. Mikhail, Surveying, Theory and Practice, Seventh Edition, Mc Graw Hill 2001. Bannister and S. Raymond, Surveying, Seventh Edition, Longman 2004. S.K. Roy, Fundamentals of Surveying, Second Edition, Prentice Hall of India 2004. A.M. Chandra, Plane Surveying, New Age International Publishers 2002. Alak De, Plane Surveying, S. Chand & Company Ltd., 2000.

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GI 92 52 OBJECTIVE:

DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

L T 3 0

P 0

C 3

To make the undergraduate students gain knowledge and learn analytic background of digital image processing system to enable them in building one. UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS 6

Computers imaging systems, image representation- colour space, image samplingquantization quality measurement-data products storage and retrieval- Photowite systems- dip systems and software. UNIT II PREPROCESSING 6

Encoding and decoding- sources of image degradation atmospheric, radiometric and geometric errors systematic and non-systematic correction image geometry operations UNIT III IMAGE ENHANCEMENT 15

Image characters histogram, scatter plots, statistics and spatial statistics for processing image models, spatial transforms enhancements: radiometric and geometric operators- Fourier transforms, scale space transforms, image fusion, texture analysis UNIT IV IMAGE CLASSIFICATION 9

Spectral discrimination pattern matching Bayes theorem- signature and feature extraction- training and classification supervised an d unsupervised methods error matrix and accuracy estimates UNIT V IMAGE ANALYSIS 9

Concept of uncertainty- fuzzy partitioning neural nets - sub-pixel classification concept pattern recognition - feature descriptors representations schemes multi-scale edge detection expert systems TOTAL: 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. John A. Richards and Xiuping Jia , Remote sensing digital Image Analysis an introduction Fourth edition, Springer Verlag, 2005. 2. Robert A. Schowengerdt, Remote Sensing: Models and Methods for Image Processing - Third Edition, Academic Press, 2006. 3. Rafeal C. Gonzalez and Richards E. Woods, ,Digital Image Processing 2nd Edition, Addison-Wesley Inc, 2004 REFERENCES:

1. Anil K. Jain , Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing Prentice Hall,

1989.

2. John Jenson, Introductory Digital Image Processing: a remote sensing

perspective second edition, Prentice Hall, 1995.

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GI 92 53

OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

L T P 3 0 2

C 4

OBJECTIVE: This course will facilitate the student to develop Object Oriented Programming and GIS Customisation programming using Visual Basic. UNIT I CONCEPTS OF OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING 12

Abstract Data types Inheritance Polymorphism Object Identity Object Modeling Object Oriented Programming Languages Object Oriented Databases Object Oriented user Interfaces Object Oriented GIS Object Oriented Analysis Object Oriented Design Examples UNIT II C++ PROGRAMMING 14

Introduction to C++ - Keywords, Identifiers Data types Variables Operators Manipulators Operator Overloading Operator Precedence Control Statements Functions Call by Reference Arguments Function Overloading Exercises UNIT III CLASSES AND OBJECTS 17

Classes and Objects Member Functions Private and Public Member function Nesting of Member Functions Array of Objects Pointer to Members Constructors Destructors Type Conversions Exercises UNIT IV INHERITANCE AND POLYMORPHISM 16

Inheritance Base class Derived Class Visibility modes Single Inheritance Multilevel Inheritance Multiple Inheritance Nesting Polymorphism File Opening and Closing File Modes File Pointers Random Access Error Handling Exercises. UNIT V GIS CUSTOMISATION PROGRAMMING USING VISUAL BASIC 16

Accessing databases with the Data Controls ADO Object Model ODBC and data access Objects ODBC using DAO and Remote Data Objects Data Environment and Data Report ActiveX Controls GIS Customisation Case studies. L: 45 + P: 30 TOTAL : 75 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Balagurusamy.E., Object Oriented Programming with C++, Tata Mc.Graw Hill Publications, 2001 Stanley B.Lippman, A C++ Primer, 2nd Edition, Addison Wesley Publications, Second Edition 2000.

REFERENCES: 1. 2. 3. Bjarne Stroustrup, The C++ Programming Language, Addison Wesley Publications, Third Edition, 2000. Tony Stevenson, Visual Basic 6: The Complete Reference, Osborne/ McGrawHill, 2000. David S. Platt, Introducing Microsoft .NET Microsoft Press, Saarc Edition, 2001.

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GI 92 54 OBJECTIVE:

ELECTRONIC SURVEYING

L T P 3 0 2

C 4

To understand the working of EDM equipment and solve the surveying problems with an EDM equipment. UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS 5

Methods of Measuring Distance, Basic Principles of EDM, Historical Development Classifications, applications and comparison with conventional surveying. UNIT II BASIC ELECTRONICS 10

Oscillators (Crystal controlled and Gunn diode) - Kerrcell / Pockels modulatorFrequency mixing - modulation and Demodulation - Measurement of phase differences - reflectors (Corner, Antenna) - Transducers and power sources. UNIT III ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 20

Classification and applications of Electromagnetic waves, Propagation properties, wave propagation at lower and higher frequencies. Refractive index, factors affecting RI, Computation of group refractive index for light and near infrared waves at standard conditions and ambient conditions. Computation of RI for microwaves. Reference refractive index. Real time application of first velocity correction. Measurement of atmospheric parameters. Mean refractive index, Second velocity correction, Total atmospheric correction, Use of temperature and pressure transducers. UNIT IV ELECTROMAGNETIC DISTANCE MEASURING SYSTEM 10

Electro-optical system: Measuring principle ,Working principle, Sources of Error, Infrared and Laser EDM instruments. Microwave system: Measuring principle, Working principle, Sources of Error, Microwave EDM instruments. Comparison between Electro-optical and Microwave system. Total station and its applications. Care and maintenance of EDM instruments. Modern positioning systems. UNIT V FIELD WORK 30

Study of different EDM instruments and Total station - Setting out works - Base line Measurement - EDM traversing: observations and computation of area - Trilateration. L: 45 + P: 30 TOTAL : 75 PERIODS TEXTBOOKS: 1. 2. Rueger, J.M. Electronic Distance Measurement, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990. Laurila, S.H. Electronic Surveying in Practice, John Wiley and Sons Inc, 1993.

REFERENCES: 1. Burnside, C.D. Electromagnetic distance measurement Crosby Lock wood staples, U.K. 1991.. 2. Soastamoinen, J.J. Surveyors guide to Electro-magnetic Distance Measurement, Adam Hilger Ltd., 1997.

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GE 90 21

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3

AIM To create awareness in every engineering graduate about the importance of environment, the effect of technology on the environment and ecological balance and make them sensitive to the environment problems in every professional endeavour that they participates. OBJECTIVE At the end of this course the student is expected to understand what constitutes the environment, what are precious resources in the environment, how to conserve these resources, what is the role of a human being in maintaining a clean environment and useful environment for the future generations and how to maintain ecological balance and preserve bio-diversity. The role of government and non-government organization in environment managements. UNIT I ENVIRONMENT, ECOSYSTEMS AND BIODIVERSITY 14

Definition, scope and importance of environment need for public awareness concept of an ecosystem structure and function of an ecosystem producers, consumers and decomposers energy flow in the ecosystem ecological succession food chains, food webs and ecological pyramids Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of the (a) forest ecosystem (b) grassland ecosystem (c) desert ecosystem (d) aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries) Introduction to biodiversity definition: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity biogeographical classification of India value of biodiversity: consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and option values Biodiversity at global, national and local levels India as a mega-diversity nation hot-spots of biodiversity threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts endangered and endemic species of India conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and ex-situ conservation of biodiversity. Field study of common plants, insects, birds Field study of simple ecosystems pond, river, hill slopes, etc. UNIT II ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 8

Definition causes, effects and control measures of: (a) Air pollution (b) Water pollution (c) Soil pollution (d) Marine pollution (e) Noise pollution (f) Thermal pollution (g) Nuclear hazards soil waste management: causes, effects and control measures of municipal solid wastes role of an individual in prevention of pollution pollution case studies disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides. Field study of local polluted site Urban / Rural / Industrial / Agricultural.

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UNIT III NATURAL RESOURCES

10

Forest resources: Use and over-exploitation, deforestation, case studies- timber extraction, mining, dams and their effects on forests and tribal people Water resources: Use and over-utilization of surface and ground water, floods, drought, conflicts over water, dams-benefits and problems Mineral resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, case studies Food resources: World food problems, changes caused by agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity, case studies Energy resources: Growing energy needs, renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources. case studies Land resources: Land as a resource, land degradation, man induced landslides, soil erosion and desertification role of an individual in conservation of natural resources Equitable use of resources for sustainable lifestyles. Field study of local area to document environmental assets river / forest / grassland / hill / mountain. UNIT IV SOCIAL ISSUES AND THE ENVIRONMENT 7

From unsustainable to sustainable development urban problems related to energy water conservation, rain water harvesting, watershed management resettlement and rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns, case studies role of nongovernmental organization- environmental ethics: Issues and possible solutions climate change, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, nuclear accidents and holocaust, case studies. wasteland reclamation consumerism and waste products environment production act Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) act Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) act Wildlife protection act Forest conservation act enforcement machinery involved in environmental legislationcentral and state pollution control boards- Public awareness. UNIT V HUMAN POPULATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT 6

Population growth, variation among nations population explosion family welfare programme environment and human health human rights value education HIV / AIDS women and child welfare role of information technology in environment and human health Case studies. TOTAL: 45 PERIDOS TEXT BOOKS 1. Gilbert M.Masters, Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science, 2nd edition, Pearson Education, 2004. 2. Benny Joseph, Environmental Science and Engineering, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2006. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. R.K. Trivedi, Handbook of Environmental Laws, Rules, Guidelines, Compliances and Standards, Vol. I and II, Enviro Media. 2. Cunningham, W.P. Cooper, T.H. Gorhani, Environmental Encyclopedia, Jaico Publ., House, Mumbai, 2001. 3. Dharmendra S. Sengar, Environmental law, Prentice hall of India PVT LTD, New Delhi, 2007. 4. Rajagopalan, R, Environmental Studies-From Crisis to Cure, Oxford University Press, 2005.

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GI 92 55

SURVEY PRACTICAL II

L T P C 0 0 4 2

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this course is to train the students to acquire skill in making precise measurements and obtaining accurate results. UNIT I LEVELLING a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) Study of levels and levelling staves Taking spot levels Fly levelling using Dumpy level Fly levelling using Tilting level Check levelling Permanent adjustment of levels Contouring LS and CS Computation of volume of earth work from contours

UNIT II THEODOLITE SURVEYING j) k) l) m) Study of theodolite and its accessories Measurement of horizontal angles Measurement of vertical angles Traversing

UNIT III HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES n) Triangulation problem o) Single plane method TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

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GI 92 56

DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING LABORATORY I

LT P C 0 0 4 2

OBJECTIVE: To familiarize the undergraduate level students in the regular Image Processing software with respect to basic processing required to generate thematic maps from Satellite date. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Study of image file formats and organisation Loading, import and display image Display, zoom, panning of Image Pixel locators and DN enumeration Enhancement of image Filters & edge enhancement Designing of spatial filters Thresholding and Density slicing Band ratioing and NDVI Principle Component Analysis Look Up Table/PCT Manipulation Bitmap generation & Conversion Vector layer Manipulation Symbol Manipulation Reprojection to different co-ordinate systems TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

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