KERAJAAN NEGERI TERENGGANU

JABATAN KERJA RAYA NEGERI

TERENGGANU
KERJA-KERJA BERKAITAN BAGI PEMBINAAN JALAN
ALTERNATIF ISTANA SYARQIYYAH
(SLOPE PROTECTION LAYOUT)

LABORATORY REPORT:
POINT LOAD STRENGTH TEST

8 DISEMBER 2022

JABATAN KERJA RAYA NEGERI TERENGGANU

Tingkat 12, Wisma Negeri Terengganu, Peti Surat 58,
Jalan Pejabat, 20200, Kuala Terengganu,
Terengganu, 20200 Kuala Terengganu
TEST : POINT LOAD AXIAL (ASTM D5731)

1.0 OBJECTIVES:
The point load strength test is used as an index test for strength classification of
rock materials. The test results should not be used for design or analytical
purposes. This test method is performed to determine the point load strength
index of rock specimens and, if required, the point load strength anisotropy
indexes. Point load measurement represents one of the most widely used in
classification tests for rocks, both in the field and in the laboratory.
2.0 EQUIPMENTS

• A point load tester

• Load measuring system
• Irregular pieces rock samples
• Stonecutter
• Ruler
• Clear safety goggles and hearings
• A balance readable to 0.01g

3.0 SAMPLE PREPARATION & PROCEDURE

• For diametrical tests the specimens should have a ratio of length to diameter which is
greater than 1.0. For axial tests the core specimens should have a ratio length/diameter
between 0.3 and 1.0
• A test sample to be tested respect the shape prescription here indicated
0.3 ≤ D/W ≤ 1.0 0.5 D ≤ L

Where;

D = Distance of the contact conical points (mm)

W = Average width (W average) of the sample perpendicular to the loading

direction (mm)

L = Distance between the contact conical points and the nearest free end
(mm)

• The specimen is inserted in the testing machine and the platens are closed to make contact
along a line which is perpendicular to the core end faces and insert the extension rod the
jacket lever and zero set the digital readout unit
• The load is steadily increased in such a way, that failure occurs within 10 to 60 seconds,
and the failure load P is recorded. The test should be rejected as invalid if the fracture
surface passes through only one loading point
• Record the maximum force displayed by the digital manometer (the peak load value is
frozen on the display)
4.0 CALCULATION

The results should have the point load strength index, Is (MPa). The Is is calculated as
follows: Is = P (1000)

DE2

Where;

P = Peak resistance expressed in kilo Newton (kN)

DE = Equivalent diameter of the core expressed in millimeter (mm)

For diametrical tests, with blocks or irregular lumps:

DE2 = 4 A / π

Where,

A = Waverage x D = represents the minimum cross sectional area of a plane through

the platen contact points.

Diameter correction factor should be performed if the samples diameter is not close to 50
mm. Therefore

Is(50) = Is x F F = (D / 50)0.45

5.0 ILLUSTRATION
APPENDIX A : LABORATORY RESULT
APPENDIX B : CALIBRATION CERTIFICATE OF EQUIPMENT
APPENDIX C : FIGURE OF TESTING
Appendix A:

• LABORATORY TEST
RESULT
 SOILPRO TECHNICAL SERVICES SDN BHD 199601007969 (380315-T)
16 Jalan TIB-1/17, Taman Industri Bolton, 68100 Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia
Tel: 603-6188 6975, 03-6188 9964 Fax: 603-6185 5903
e-Mail: [email protected] Website: http://soilpro.com.my
Page 1 of 1
TEST REPORT
POINT LOAD STRENGTH TEST Lab Ref: L22361/PL
AS 4133.4.1-2007 / ASTM D5731-16
Project: KERJA2 BERKAITAN BAGI PEMBINAAN JALAN ALTERNATIF ISTANA SYARQIYYAH
KUALA TERENGGANU
Customer: BTS Engineering Sdn Bhd
No.42A, Lrg Setia 1A, Tmn Setia, Jalan Johan Setia, 41200 Klang, Selangor
Tested by: NURUL
Borehole No - - - - -
Sample No C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
Depth, m - - - - -

Received Date 21.11.2022 21.11.2022 21.11.2022 21.11.2022 21.11.2022

Test Date 24.11.2022 24.11.2022 24.11.2022 24.11.2022 24.11.2022

Rock Type SHALE SHALE SHALE SHALE SHALE

Test Type A A A A A

Test Orientation Z Z Z Z Z

Moisture Condition C C C C C

Diameter/Width, W (mm) 96.64 97.89 98.04 97.34 98.03

Trimmed Length, D (mm) 51.82 49.29 50.41 52.52 52.88
Platen separation, D (mm) 47 48 52 50 48
Weight of Core/Lump (g) 935.00 977.20 989.80 992.10 1005.70
3
Irregular Lump Volume, (cm ) - - - - -
Irregular Lump Size, (WxD) (mm) - - - - -
3
As Received Density, (Mg/m ) 2.459 2.634 2.600 2.537 2.519
Point Load Reading, R kN 1.50 6.00 5.10 1.30 1.00
Calibration Constant, C 1.0053 1.0380 1.0403 1.0049 1.0041
Load = R x C kN 1.51 6.23 5.31 1.31 1.00

D e2 (mm2) 5783.4 5982.4 6491.1 6196.6 5991.2

2
Point Load Strength, I s (N/mm ) 0.26 1.04 0.82 0.21 0.17
Strength Designation Low High Medium Low Low
0.45 0.9725 0.9818 1.0178 1.0000 0.9818
Size Corr Factor, F=(D e/50)
2
I s(50) = F x Is (N/mm ) 0.25 1.02 0.83 0.21 0.16
2
*Est. UCS = I s(50) x 22 (N/mm ) 5.6 22.5 18.3 4.6 3.6
Failure mode (Refer sketch) A-b A-a A-a A-a A-b
Notes: Approved Signatory
1. AS 4133.4.1-2007: The test is often performed on single specimens, Clause 3.2, (a) Note.
2. ASTM D5731-16, Clause 2 refers to ASTM E122, Clause 10 and Clause 8.2.1, Table 1 - At least 2 specimens.
3. ASTM D5731-16: At least 10 specimens cores/blocks & 20 specimens irregular, Clause 7.2.1 & 7.2.2 380315-T

4. Diametral (horizontal core) Test : De 2 = D 2

5. Axial (vertical core) and Irregular Lump Test: De 2 = 4 A   where A = WD WONG KIM YUEN
6. Bulk Density determined by linear measurement (BS1377:Part 2:1990) Technical Manager
7. Apparatus: ELE International Ltd - Gauge, 0 ~ 5.5 kN (0.1 kN div) & Gauge, 0 ~ 55 kN (1.0 kN div) Issue Date
8. Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) is normally between 20 and 25 times 24.11.2022
the Point Load Index, Is(50). ( ISRM: Point Load Test, Note 1). * Estimated UCS = Is(50) x 22 (ISRM: Point Load Test, Figure 9).
2
9. ASTM D5731-16, Clause 1.4 - This test method applies to medium strength rock (compressive strength over 15 N/mm (2200 psi)).
10. Typical failure mode sketch:
Diametral Axial Block / Lump
D-a D-b D-c A-a A-b I-a I-b I-c

Test type: Test orientation relative to discontinuities: Moisture condition:

D - diametral X - perpendicular U - unknown S - soaked C - core
A - axial Y - parallel P - partial air dried
I - Irregular lump Z - oblique N - natural moisture content

Point Load Strength, I s (N/mm2) <0.03      >10.0
Strength Designation Extremely Low Very Low Low Medium High Very High Extremely High

END OF TEST REPORT REPORT FORM: RF-PL-01 (ver.09/2022)

Appendix B:

CALIBRATION CERTIFICATE
OF EQUIPMENT
Appendix C:

FIGURE OF
TESTING MATERIAL
KERJA-KERJA BERKAITAN BAGI PEMBINAAN JALAN ALTERNATIF ISTANA
SYARQIYYAH (SLOPE PROTECTION LAYOUT)

CONDITION OF C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 BEFORE TESTING

CONDITION OF C1, C2,C3, C4, C5 AFTER TESTING