La aml POS! _represemtahon mene Rebresemtation of boolean lege expversion il There ave +0 method +o repacpemt the boolean for chien “they are — © sep form GD Pos fern ? Som of- predect > Preclved of sve . SEP ewm Boe then orm all variable present im ANDed berm and all ANDed gsoub bsezowt in ORed fosen te called SeP form ols boolean function - Sum Ex. AB+BcteD eo Product own Ex | ABC TART 44B Ex) ABS 4AR +A : t riable bxesemt im oRed — Pos form + Im this mm all vaztable b ° ee and all Red form present im ANDedl Jowm 18 called pos form & boolean faction : fe v ex. Gr” Cate) * Cod RB gn tern Bx. (A+B) Cara) @+B +z) AC Standard) SOP _o Canonical Sop dn stenclard SoP loren, SoP berm expression comarn a the avetleble Variable im each greek for ex PPABT ARE +ABC Scop. kee DABCTAB CHARC LARS] > starelasel SOF fomStamdawd SOP tp coUled Kemveraion fsom SoP to standard SOP We rd missing term. 22 We ANDec! miiting. team + miusking term i'n raising be Solve +he expression, we get a tendanet sor don . Q >) find zuifeble Sop bean of fellewieg = ABTABTATTB SAP- AB+ABTATLSB > Ra c+z) -AB(Cte) +A (ara e +445 )6 (ct) > Rec + ABC + ABC t ABC + ABC ABE (AB +B) G2) => ABCTABC }ABCHABT + 4Be +ARC +ABCTABC 4 Fac y ABT S Fec + Aer + Ane tae tABC fe Cenvetion trem Pos to sfanalaed Pos _ we tine PULLING tere , . “man + We ORed “milking term « MUbsing dorm in wrubtt + Solve the expression, we Qt stanclasel Pas fosm &) Lind Mardase pos fem ak follecoing i- CA+B8) (Ate) A+B.) SiH ( AtB+cT) (A+BB +c) (A+B tee) D CATO CA+B4T) CAtBEC) (APE +c) CATT H0) cA +B 47) D> @+840 (atB4z) (AtB +0) (A+R 4c) A +842) ye mS aS hg place.ik @ Sn tlandared Pas form , Pas frm expresiion Contain all the avetlable vosurable, in tach reoutf . Fase 0x —5(Ate) (A+c) (A18) > POS fore > CAtBtc) (At@ tc) (AtetO> Sferrdase) Pas tem & Stancdasicl POS 2a called bonenieal POS lesen . * MAX Term Each individual term present In canormcal POS oF Bhandard Pos ig called Marterm. We pot 0 lox non complisnened Variable and bota ker Complrmented Variable , we art a brnaryn0. + Decimal equivalent Of +Hhit binaay no. 43 celled srnstern ip denoted by AM Oy, M2) ex? (ats) (A+tz)(AtR4C) > pe4CT) (ATBBTC) CAFBLT) > CAtBtC) CatB+e) (Ate+o) CA 48 te) Apap > (ABO (A484 ) (A +BAD) (A 4+F4E ) Oo! jl, Il = 000, ' Ss + 0 £14,2)6) = 71 (00159) uggXi £ Min Tern \ . \ & * Each individual -+erm prone nt Im canonical sop a Btancdaved SOP 1% called mnterm- X * We bob @ x oN complime nlecl variable and pat oe \ complimeme_ed variable , We gete binasy 270, ~ Decivma) eqvivels nt of, thi b navy oO. yy called orau'n team rb ly clonofed byt Si cen [»m a 7 Sop DAB(C+T) + CAFA)Be+ A CB+E)T D> ABL+ ABC + 4BC +AB¢ tABRC LARC Ex: ABtTBC+AS D> ABC TABT EA BC HABE HAR > ily 1d, od4, 010, 000 Bip bp wep P £(0,8,6) = Zr (0, 2,3,¢,5) be Ye) Lend min term bellowing 3: Find Marten of fe lowing @ ABy eC FAC © (448) (At 0 (8t+0 (QRa+ap try Are tz) (Ate) Wf) A+A6 TABL ‘iM (A) (847 eat) WD) A +O +Aee () (AE CB AT) (ed) Are FRED +ACD )) ABE LED FAD IO (&Ly Comeesutton {comm SOP 40 Pas » Lend Pos fern of fellowes DABTR CHAR CHAT S AwCcrt t+ (AraC ABE ABBE D ARCH ABE FABCH AECL CHARTTA BC > ABC FABE TAR C 448 C448 Wi, 10, 108, 000 , OO} 1 oO qe oy es , L(r, Bo) = Em (0, 1,4/6/4) ALL powible value of tour # Karnaugh. masb-325 _Keenaugh Map 2 k- Mab ig a mmabbing dechnique + vae hy! for making any phe 2 f digital fo minimize the boolean expression : Ther K-Mah ep very kt No» & cell vm kK—-Map ”n me. Of celt im K~Mab = > . where n= mot of variable For example : For two variable K-Map no. of cell = 2°=Y T= Atap = A Cita) = AHA -~> P >) -els apoE x ees *| 1 A | ae AB 2 =I A ane xe | ae. jase) = A |ros } k for four vasutable mo. ok coll = 2 = 16 cell fh £o & ed “cs al spay[ ¥ Tice vamisble katap | Mabping Role + * Sind Min lerm of boolean exp: * Putt in the cell according. +o amin term value. * Noewow we do ma! pion : | ~ Af et fur cell a fullfilled ewith 1 them we make q - quad ears mapbing : = oe maphing 1B Mok peaatble then 40 cell pricing se taken in hovizemlal and vertical node. ~ a +wo ce ll elements passing nok pogarh le then alone clement iz taken. to Dingene! paizing mot possible - — 3cell paising not posarble - Smo, 2)Minimize the (ellewilng bodean exbaeasion -— “7 2“) FCA, 1B) = Sw(0, 1/3) )F CAB) - = m(0,3) C)f(Ap) = Em CO; %3 UW) eC, 8) = = ATA 6h @) £(a8) = =m (0,1 3) () f (a8) = Z r00r8) : e 3 _® ecao) =A*8 Ssup= eae) 2,3) @at Ae )e Awa tas = A(BtE raat Ae = ABtTARTt AB TAB = Mths Pas = n, 10,01 £(A,8) =4 \\ 3,2)) £(4,0) = Ey 5 3 dbBos [i Mapping of: thee variable K-Map asect & coll. « Loe three variable k-Map we . oe satteg we take [sty soted ie all min teen jong . i i wnabbirg mot possible tion faker. qual onoffing - dh quadl vmafpirg mot fasible tun dived cll ember tole * iene is ack fomdble Hen wietoke Pree ere ey Ero (0, 1,253, 4, 56,3) ZL, 2, 2,454) areca g i tg A 8 Bera? Gn} = ans _ 7 = C4+HE th & Zam (9) 2)34,5) FE 05 2)3)4) wtet fe 0 Be Ate ih i ia a8") Minimine the {etlowing boolean ex pvesgon by k-Map. © F(AB,C) = AyAB +40 ¢ © FA 8,0 = apie the C | © £(4,8,c) = Sm (0,157) D pcaec) = Bro l0/56) 7 P(A)B,C) = A+AB +ABC = ACa+®) (ett )+ABlerT) taec = (4at ABI Cte) ABLE ABT +A BL : = pec tABC+ ABC tABC +ABC +ABL ABC = abc tAgc tabc Mac =A FABTABC = Oo We UE Opal Oo DA (itpteeyAet cot tana! ae 7 ca a £(A8,0) = =m (4, 5,69.) (pO BO Be AC ne 3 Tot ) At | E : aM J) *)t = |X Mabbeng of vaseirble k-Map nae MO TN | aah oe vn + fos fos variable k-Map we used 16 coll \ F fos wmophe ie dake fully 16 coll paisuing thad is « in. term nt in coll. + ah Ie etl onafping mol possible than take. o elec enaffing. | feat not pourble ten ied coll moflpirg vi (+ abu coll mrabing is not fouble ton use take clual pews ‘Han afore wr dake alone: é Bragoval Rave ny not pe ze ble» "3/50, % 9,10, M1) MIS colt Paburg, mof peossibh E (oye WD | EDD cD cd | =a Lt ny Vy] oppsy 4 aa "1M 1 ; a or wha |LX DON'T CARE CONDETION + . ah foe give inbut in any acting to ckt. hegie $err tach inhut cigelal cl: Hla 6 give corfu bub ib not smeeedtary to gus ofr » Semetina Pour ckt.cte moh gue any 0/P [pr certasn Vp. Pe wt, ae free to akume O ork aan oxetfec fox Fat combinahion - » hue combireahou avce called clon! t couce Gr dale by 08 ABH C2) om (1% MIS) t al lo,2,5)ee FCABE,D) = (ane 19,6) + ACI 213, , 15) pd > Ee oo CF aay 1 \ ] Rel ) AST X fx] xfy i + - * J) 3) PCA OCD) = FC, 14S) +4 (8,34, 16) we LD os cD os xa PE & no A] pO ns x J— TX Krahl puoblim Jased $0F form di 8) A togecal expresbton tn tr Meee \ F+Aac tae Minimize 4\ Aer avs — E Ta LAB £(A,B,c) = A8e +4 Ast k-Mop. logqre expscession @) le have leg 0, 1) 2/5 °%!S) = >=ml : eo the k-Maband fed meer Age i @.) Draw Kwa b of ipllousiny orbsanton and elgg Aru) eave kt. @Oys FCS, 4,9,1, 13,15) O Y = om C1,3.5,9, 1,13) > BDtED ©y= 2m Cb 1478) 9,9, 11, Bio dee 4 @y = 2M CUA) 5 ECr@d): A c— © pe Ze Corrs 6,418) 19/1318) ®OyeZnl ns, aa 1112413, 19 > ED+tADYAD BC+ Dyeaces Bla they tA1 cl ast cee ane v a tSMap welodect problem he @ ' / Problem Ralated with Dont case / 8 @O Y= 2m C1, a4) ttlyr9 Oy Zm (1,48 12,1319) +03, 14) @ a Zo (YO, # 13) is) tel (0,6), " AGE +09 2 Wey MENDY gale yoaem (14/58, 4S) tbl2I%, HBC 4E D PAD ABEKe rt Pos * No. ef coll > same as Sor Numbscing of coll > feunt as SoP Naming ef cell or POS ke Map B 4 “ eee - 4n POS Ke mop colh ess Put Odd for paatert oman tercer: 3) Meni ze peat k-Mapb CA, Bcd = nM C0435, EZ GAT Br aj) \ _ ae) ae Se) Cate C atc)8) FCA, 8.0.0) - ~xM Co, ty By by by H, 8 12,13) = CA4B) (ALE) CA 48 410) (Atc419) Ss) (A,B, cD) = 7M. (9) 1)2;3,4-)\- of Cs,9, 11, 10,14, 15) oxD = CAr c+ Dye J4 Vee rab Qulaled preeblon LA / fo kontop wath 08 © oz eflaecd) =a (2.4 6 344,9) 2. 2 = F(A 86d) > 7M (1,354 10, )- A (24) a2 2 £(A,409) = RM 9715 3,1, Aerts9%), ° = 15,5 ze Urry thy IS dees) ) Z = O(n, 8,02) a ants 19) ei } ). (DErZ) (td) Ba ‘) C4tail > Bre = (Ard) (ate) (ore) 81) Realuee tro following sc freriton ‘g kttof ® AG tATC LAE +00 ® ABC tA BD HChBE +235, © AOEAE TCEAD AB CTABL @O AGEL Bred tAsd +AcC 9) Rackuee. Hea follousing using KMaf © CAtH) CAtB 40) (arc) © WC Bre) CAB) LB tctd) 0 a8 catertd) (5tt) Co+crD ) 3) Obtain mmeatrred S0P orbrasston fore zm (2, ees embbemend it un NAND degic : ('asof | +) obtain mentma) Pos exprcascon for xm(0,1, 1414) AU 12, 1d, By is) wrk Meetize uceith NOR gate. | ; [ot ee 1bGos tiint A ) the follouung by k= Mafs © em CSO) Fy 3) 10, My 13, mi) ® Som C041) 21 3,4 6,6 2) 10 © xm Ct Ais, My 12, #) - he, 2,19) © we (3,68, 11a 2) ACD) © BM (0,194,857, & FI 15) A C10, 14) ® som Co, 10,12) th C856, 11 FIT)