Scribd
Upload
40 views4 pages

Exercises Levelling

The document contains details from 3 leveling exercises including field readings, calculations of reduced levels, and error checks. Exercise 1 provides leveling readings over 160m with calculations of reduced levels, arithmetic checks, and corrections applied. Exercise 2 provides sample leveling readings taken on a sloping ground and calculations of reduced levels and slope gradient. Exercise 3 gives a partial level book with missing readings and levels to be filled in.

Uploaded by

ruchira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
40 views4 pages

Exercises Levelling

The document contains details from 3 leveling exercises including field readings, calculations of reduced levels, and error checks. Exercise 1 provides leveling readings over 160m with calculations of reduced levels, arithmetic checks, and corrections applied. Exercise 2 provides sample leveling readings taken on a sloping ground and calculations of reduced levels and slope gradient. Exercise 3 gives a partial level book with missing readings and levels to be filled in.

Uploaded by

ruchira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Exercises - Leveling

In a rough leveling exercise, the following readings were taken over a 160m length.

Calculate the Reduced levels of intermediate peg points.

Apply a suitable arithmetic check to check your calculations.

Calculate the closing error. Is there a need to repeat the Leveling procedure?

Recalculate the reduced levels of peg points.

BS IS FS Rise Fall Reduced Distance Remarks


Level

1.270 Bench Mark


(20.684m)
1.380 0 peg -1
1.285 20 peg -2
1.160 40 peg -3
0.950 60 peg -4
0.750 80 peg -5
0.765 0.810 TP1
1.025 100 peg -6
1.260 120 peg -7
1.485 140 peg -8
1.920 160 peg -9
TP2
1.880 (19.991m)

BS IS FS Rise Fall Reduced Correction Corrected Distance Remarks


Level Reduced
Level
1.270 20.684 Bench
Mark
(20.684m)
1.380 0.110 20.574 0 peg -1
1.285 0.095 20.669 20 peg -2
1.160 0.125 20.794 40 peg -3
0.950 0.210 21.004 60 peg -4
0.750 0.200 21.204 80 peg -5
0.765 0.810 0.060 21.144 TP1
1.025 0.260 20.884 100 peg -6
1
1.260 0.235 20.649 120 peg -7
1.485 0.225 20.424 140 peg -8
1.920 0.435 19.989 160 peg -9
20.029 TP2
1.880 0.040 (19.991m)
2.035 2.690 0.670 1.325 20.684
2.690 1.325
-0.655 -0.655

Arithmetic check

Arithmetic check ; ∑BS - ∑FS = Last RL – First RL = ∑Rise - ∑Fall

∑BS - ∑FS = 2.035 – 2.690 = -0.655

Last RL – First RL = 20.029 – 20.684 = - 0.655

∑Rise - ∑Fall = -0.655

Closing error = Computed R.L – Actual R.L. = 20.029 - 19.991 = 0.038m

Allowable closing error for rough surveying = + C√K

= + 100√0.16

= + 40mm >38mm

Error is within the allowable limit, can redistribute.

Correction is applied to elevation of each change points and to the last point (last foresight). Thus if n
change points exists, (n+1) points will be applied with correction.

Correction per instrument station = Error/ (n+1)

= - 0.038/2 = - 0.017m

BS IS FS Rise Fall Reduced Correction Corrected Distance Remarks


Level Reduced
Level
1.270 20.684 Bench
Mark
(20.684m)
1.380 0.110 20.574 0 20.574 0 peg -1
1.285 0.095 20.669 20.669 20 peg -2
1.160 0.125 20.794 20.794 40 peg -3
0.950 0.210 21.004 21.004 60 peg -4
0.750 0.200 21.204 21.204 80 peg -5
0.765 0.810 0.060 21.144 -0.017 21.127 TP1
2
1.025 0.260 20.884 -0.017 20.867 100 peg -6
1.260 0.235 20.649 -0.017 20.632 120 peg -7
1.485 0.225 20.424 -0.017 20.407 140 peg -8
1.920 0.435 19.989 -0.017 19.972 160 peg -9
1.880 0.040 20.029 -0.038 19.991 TP2
(19.991m)

Leveling exercise 2

The following are some extracts from a field book taken during a leveling exercise along a sloping
ground. Record the readings as in a field book.

Calculate the reduced levels of intermediate points.

Calculate the gradient of the slope between first and last points.

Readings 0.420, 1.115,2.265, 2.900, 3.615, 0.535, 1.470, 2.815, 3.505, 4.445, 0.605, 1.925, 2.885

Answer

First and last readings are a back sight and foresight respectively. All readings taken on a sloping
ground. Any sudden large change reflects a shift of the instrument. Thus sixth and eleventh must be
foresights. Therefore, fifth and tenth readings must be back sights. The balance must be intermediate
sights.

Station BS IS FS Rise Fall RL Chainage Remarks


1 0.42 100 0
2 1.115 0.695 99.305 20
3 2.265 1.15 98.155 40
4 2.9 0.635 97.52 60
5 0.535 3.615 0.715 96.805 80 CP
6 1.47 0.935 95.87 100
7 2.815 1.345 94.525 120
8 3.505 0.69 93.835 140
9 0.605 4.445 0.94 92.895 160 CP
10 1.925 1.32 91.575 180
11 2.885 0.96 90.615 200

∑ 1.56 10.945 0 9.385


10.945 0
Check -9.385 -9.385

Gradient = -9.385/200 = -0.04693

1 in 21.3 (falling)

3
Exercise 3 : The following is an extract of a level book with some missing readings. Fill the missing
readings and calculate the reduced levels of all points.

Station BS IS FS Rise Fall RL Remarks


1.000 3.250 249.260 BM
2.000 1.755 ? 0.750 CP
3.000 1.950
4.000 ? 1.920 CP
5.000 2.340 1.500
6.000 ? 1.000
7.000 1.850 2.185 CP
8.000 1.575
9.000 ?
10.000 ? 1.895 1.650 CP
11.000 1.350 0.750

Station BS IS FS Rise Fall RL Remarks


1.000 3.250 249.260 BM
2.000 1.755 4.000 0.750 248.510 CP
3.000 1.950 0.195 248.315
4.000 3.840 1.920 0.030 248.345 CP
5.000 2.340 1.500 249.845
6.000 1.340 1.000 250.845
7.000 1.850 2.185 -0.845 250.000 CP
8.000 1.575 0.275 250.275
9.000 3.545 1.970 248.305
10.000 2.100 1.895 1.650 249.955 CP
11.000 1.350 0.750 250.705
∑ 12.795 11.350 4.360 2.915 249.260
11.350 2.915 1.445
Check 1.445 1.445

You might also like