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Carbon Dioxide and Ethylene Production in Diospyro

1) The study examined carbon dioxide (CO2) and ethylene (C2H4) production in persimmon (Diospyros discolor) fruit at two maturity stages (mature green and 5% red-colored) to determine its climacteric nature. 2) CO2 and C2H4 production increased with the onset of ripening and then decreased, indicating climacteric behavior. C2H4 production preceded the peak in respiration. 3) Patterns of CO2 and C2H4 production differed between maturity stages, with production occurring later in the less mature fruit.

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Hamza Hafidi
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
26 views1 page

Carbon Dioxide and Ethylene Production in Diospyro

1) The study examined carbon dioxide (CO2) and ethylene (C2H4) production in persimmon (Diospyros discolor) fruit at two maturity stages (mature green and 5% red-colored) to determine its climacteric nature. 2) CO2 and C2H4 production increased with the onset of ripening and then decreased, indicating climacteric behavior. C2H4 production preceded the peak in respiration. 3) Patterns of CO2 and C2H4 production differed between maturity stages, with production occurring later in the less mature fruit.

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Hamza Hafidi
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© © All Rights Reserved
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C2H4 production accompanied the onset

of respiratory rise but C2H4 production


Carbon Dioxide and Ethylene occurred much later in the mature green
(5 days) than in the more mature fruit (1
Production in D iospyros discolor day) (Fig. 1A and B). The C2H4 peak also
occurred later in the less mature (7 days)
than in the more mature (4 days) fruit
Willd.1 and occurred 1 day (more mature fruit)
or 2 days (less mature fruit) prior to the
Ernest K. Akamine and Theodore Goo2 respiratory peak.
Department of Botany, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 Literature Cited
Additional index words, climacteric, persimmon
1. Akamine, E.K. and T. Go. 1980. Respiration and
Abstract. The climacteric nature of persimon fruit Diospyros discolor) was indicated by C 0 2 and ethylene evolution and internal eomposition in
developing and senescing fruit of Guiana chestnut
ethylene production patterns at 2 stages of maturity (mature green and 5% red-colored). (Pachira aquatica Aubl.). J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.
105: 560-562.
2. Biale, J.B., R.E. Young, and A. J. Olmstead.
Diospyros kaki L. is a climacteric type (Fig. 1A), the preclimacteric minimum in 1954. Fruit respiration and ethylene production.
fruit (2, 3, 4), but the respiratory pattern respiration was reached in 4 days, but in Plant Physiol. 29:168-174.
during ripening of a related species Dios­ the 5% colored fruit (Fig. IB) it was non­ 3. Davis, W.B. and C.G. Church. 1931. The effect of
ethylene on the chemical composition and the res­
pyros discolor Willd. (also known as existent, presumably because the onset of piration of the ripening Japanese persimmon. J.
Mabolo) (5) has not been reported. climacteric rise occurred prior to harvest. Agr. Res. 42:165-182.
Measurements of C 0 2 and C2H4 produc­ The climacteric peak stage was attained 4. Eaks, I.L. 1967. Ripening and astringency remo­
tion of fruit of D. discolor are reported in 9 days in the mature-green fruit but val in persimmon fruits. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort.
Sci. 91:868-875.
here. was reached in only 5 days in the slightly- 5. Neal, M.C. 1965. In gardens of Hawaii. Bernice
Fruit for this investigation were ob­ colored fruit. P. Bishop Museum Special Pub. 50. Honolulu, p.
tained from 6 trees in a forest reserve at In both stages of maturity, the onset of 674.
Mt. Tantalus, island of Oahu, Hawaii.
Each Experiment was repeated 4 times
using different lots of fruit in a single
fruiting season. Fruit at 2 stages of matur­
ity (mature green and 5% red-colored)
were installed in experiments within 2 hr
after harvest. Four fruits for each stage of
maturity were placed individually in an
air-tight glass jar (815 ml) in the labora­
tory 24-26°C). After 1 hr, duplicate 1 ml
samples of atmosphere surrounding the
fruit were withdrawn with a plastic
syringe successively for C 0 2 and C2H4 X
analyses by gas chromatography (1).
Samples were taken daily until the fruit
became overripe. Between samplings the
fruit were subjected to a continuously
flowing stream of humidified air (air
bubbled through water) in the respiration
jars at the rate of 50 ml per hr. The jars
were thoroughly flushed with air before
sealing. Analysis of C 0 2 and C2H4 re­
flected corrections for these gases in the
laboratory atmosphere at the time the
jars were sealed.
The results of typical experiments (Fig.
1) clearly indicated the climacteric nature
of this non-starchy (as indicated by IKI
test) fruit, i.e., CO: and C2H4 production
increased with the onset of ripening and
subsequently decreased. Increased red
surface coloring and fruit softening ac­
companied these changes. Some expect­
ed differences in the patterns of C 0 2 and x
C2H4 production existed between 2 stages
of maturity. In the mature green fruit

'Received for publication January 22, 1981. Journal


Series No. 2576 of the Hawaii Institute of Tropical
Agriculture and Human Resources.
The cost of publishing this paper was defrayed in
part by the payment of page charges. Under postal
regulations, this paper must therefore be marked ad­
vertisement solely to indicate this fact.
:Emeritus Plant Physiologist and Research Asso­ Fig. 1. CCUand C2H4 production by mature green (A) and 5% red-colored (B) fruit of Diospyros
ciate. respectively. discolor Willd. Vertical bars are SD.

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