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DM Unit2

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33 views20 pages

DM Unit2

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3 r — vokt Eleman error Com, permybations? Arrangement of ee is catleal prevmutabion: "3 OR sPlny) = O_ denoles the is ee v -91 eno" emying of “Y objects fren a qiven wv olajects. Combination! Selection off objects is called a ee => MQ, = eCny) = ~ 1 t n-¥ of- “Selecting “Y olyects rom & given set of n olbjects. clenotes the no of ways Sven vylet (Sn many sthuations of Computational voorbwe vse -kwo loasic voles oF Count, Calleal “be Sum vole § the predvet vole. — Suppose two tosks TET ave -to be perbrne| (if the Leask tT Con be performed ™ oli tferent ways F dosk TG can be performed iy WM different ways ancl Wf -these two tosks Can't be perfermec! Simultaneously -then one of the stocks CT £2) Cnn be renee! in Gran) woys. [os Mere generally if Ty) Tey Te,---7 Te owe te be “performed Suck -that no two ef -these tasks Can be les ieiee ot the Same dime |G if the task? Te’ can be performed nn; ways ther one ch aie “ki amclee Can Se prerforrned in Gy ent nyd oot) WHE io drow Exam, xomple * Tn how many ways On we @ space from an ordinary deck of playing Fe 7 aA A peek thee eS canels ot of cn cand | Ws space s> ( B hent se | deer vole a heart ov A spade ean be hk sj aya xy e PM Mae Msp eee Hig, SreSao5 Sc Jie Bay Bee oe AZ YA USFUE SSE ways | 1 Se 2 { Sup Stent S33 te boys and ts pris | there Ne » Sf ways her find the ne: class OOM + student fem the class + one i eh elec] Be we 4 ee tose ist j reloss Containyny .t6 boys> bee the taste cam be perfermeel mM selectiaq a boy Sis x Bouvet. A then Ake ance oT NS te ways’ “ 4 Tom let, “Be ree. she of selecting a yl tose eontartng is quis s : lectiag—o—ehe Mm A es qhen the tosk “TH tan be porter med Apis pony se L Sahel mo ef ways oF of ways oF Completing av Selecting oa student B Soc | class “ere | dase fiber T° See i as} = hts : c = Sy ways => Suepes io Gravy thas te ke oo kS OM Kootes (orn physics 4g Lovks 97 Looks on Sleckvonics the of choosing \ boot mMathemat (e072 fier? y oY EN etree (8 ctr oe Coe crise eet ECmY litre) 2 ee ener etn) x A tay etw) ; Cxenelss vse the Leinomial theorern to meas, ok ee eon): Pe ye° BE ve enow tral a. 8 A) \ be (ue? = ¢ (08) 09% a eeony rr yet ee Se n = WHY we) = = Conve Od t*) » (aes S conv) 2 fre > me Sema v=o. Hence ‘peeved Exempt} Sle thet 2 e ay etn 3” x BU) ee a cs} we wrew that, GE tn 4 Gey” = eno) er— ele) Ee Cina) ctr) a we EEE Get) ee Y=0 GW = E evn Yeo ans SO -LHt exten) aPe Yo thence proved . Jo nepengle? show that clmjo) rely i+ ena | . e(nm)-= 2” now trot, 60 7 16 ’ i + ae Jack Cet zinsyet Como) + Clr eee tetany vreplace with © (een? = etns on on wen De (nye) eer eno| oo wee FEL nf 2 = cCne) eecant)r een Bee : " ~ he 2 = et) ye ‘ 5 Exemnple: Show that elves) — Elo ELND = tee shy we new thot, fxs Pei cca e ¥ Yeo oat jibes 0-0" 2 (ne) el y% t co ren 2 8 ' pot, x=t (-) = elroy etn) 4ttne) oOo ee tay etn), be ene) — ECnet) + EGS POLS EM etnni=0 Sumele} Show thot eceenay CODE EL tS ctr) +e 2+ ét75) gern we now that, Pemije cent COr at 0a, a ya fetrte cost ctns)to" = 2 etn) €eO3) 4 i >} cond) + (nie) He Cola) oe = etn) ene) ee tr)too7 2 CO Skene o eens etn) wet. + ye ecw “tab, Conse) + EO) + Erato 0 eOre) Crit) 46 C2) SCs) H ~ By adding O%¢ ©, we get, => clro) +e we Knew hat, etre) +e Cnr 2) Ota) wpe, ahere fore, t etn,o) + etn,2) FOC Wer 4 net) eA oa eT og enow that, 7 Como) ECR setae” Geo = saihniatae with vespect to I: [] Example > show that & Jo tent EO = Ory dears ci ote Cnnyer & cn =o" 2 etme) ee Gn) eee @ oe | aor Jeene) + eCrsyt enuyt == Gee (nz) Fe Ona) 4-007 = 20'_® = e Cnn) Fel ay t etrei+---- feo egr's ©% @ we exhetude thot, fu) oe Seta) Becnsyt eCtnsjter Se Example? show that cont) + bere) $Re Cnt aoe 2 etaehs etn) be Cln2) eo : ne tan cae sere eS) eh : | Aa 2 edn) HE EON) HoT nec) ®, Hence, peved: (nye + sic aesecn,2) L© wl eee | Eda” | x | Cg ply v oye tue) ” pol, x=! a=c (nie) + etn) +e tae)beoe +c(nn) Lyd we alse have, -\ Weis etn) tee tne) + secmis)bo“ FE a) mulbiplying egX-© with © | + | ' ne = eer) euctnre) + SeCra)t--—t 2ncinn) Row, by adding © «O@, we qet OH = E Cov0) + BCI) HE OH) ATED -- tent) Elrn) dence proved Cov) we have, oo = (+) cH” Vo @enletest evtsot] Ty aes ooo ero a )+f wore to Mon kot, Sicks % lp Xter wW4G™ +] ote oitteprent* " {o Hee Vet --J+[or 2c, x t3Grty | farce por xt maiygeook On) = Ct+3h Hence freve al a eee tac) + [Fee eacate] | 4 OC Tt T Misltnemial Theorem: cop cthe som of 2 onthke things Cx +X) te j J eatted binomial, the som of B unlike things ; [ert tts) 7s Called vimetial? ota in general the som of unlike things (. (ere tet--- FH) TS Called multinomial. ‘Js the binomial theorem aprovicles | the cereal | ot Cert ey? where “Wi is a tue! tnteqerand: Morenla can be extented to (xit%+%) Wo general extend te Capua d teas) Alken I Gb ove positive “integers then the PWicvetficient of ale “3A the exparciel | ot Gebte ti ES IS PCA te nL) where eoch O: TS Non- negative roteger Legs than bo eavel to (5 2) ‘ yt gt gto FEE i an oe Ge, weet ake Ios roy Ay) Dee) es ! : ” ) e where ew 2 genre | PO ey we NG) = Ra Expmple? Find the cp-eSttetent Yoh KY Z™ In the exponsion of (ex-y-2) Giver, (20-4 2", Ve ” cathe EagLSEC of eye : ee = om Mol dinemial these.) we have Kret 3) “) ae oe —©® Selanne," @x-41-2) = wa Hee, Ton DF -O wer have, der < “ (arte 8) —©® 2h) =H. ie iy , a “ n os @A-2) = Fela any ed! (A) =) wheve, Ayer eng en §. WEN mee, Lo get 2 coeffrsent of xyz” choose | mrt, Meet, Meee then Sheus ceetircent of x3. (- » ae she lund iy, they. coef Pierent of, E42 3S | Ge POY) = .G2)>) Wivek = 24 = 3 iV Ps Mp cs? Bip Wh fret, of OC Se et) ee coet fre Pi eo expansion oF @+ob- oe ‘ a Gwen, Corsten sc+sat+s) By multinenial theoren. we have (4 pet PET Pie De Ho 2 (ater-3¢ +20 <8) = (aertat tg heyhey, where, ; Rpsa, Aeesk, W=73G, Xysad, Woes n= 6 1 for % ©, (orasiacleea es) 2 = DP nine =) ia) ‘tony Cs? (2ay" og Red to get the weffreient of a ve choose, A, 22, N23, NS=2% nye we tenow thak, “ = Ay EAL OMEN =a arg eA iethe coefficient oF oY ee (ad CS = boss P(t ar Be MD ey the coetficient of ONO esate) hes wis = (brn > st) + P(teear 2, 2154) / a 16? tne eS, —— 5 2bayarstat oa 3 & ce oF RB Si 16h ASME ay a Pease el Bx 2 ste L6! | 6 of melesive & exclusive } k || Paco | Proge e of a4 & and of Elements 19 nCALS) = AA) ERUS)~—N(ANB) | (er) Jus) = Wate t1- 1A08] | ber In ao class oF SZ skodents, 30. are shocking cat, 23 ave ghedying, pasent, 13 ore stulyeg both; sLanquaqes: Bow any wn this class ne these lo es i one oF e NYVOY % of: these | | 1 Bare any > sets then the no study ny attesst are, studlyied neither Lanquag eS tt acl = Wal +tsI- 1808) ee (ausl = 4s 3 atleast * ene’ Larqvage pense a —> Stedying neither of one s al weer Lanqvege- Renting let, & tee te set of atl students who are leat eet Ge be the set oF all Shalents who ave Stedying ae le t Pe Fem the qiven data we have 30 Student, ove studying crt 26 Students ave Sted ying eascal & 13 Students ae stocking both +the langvages: + Freon the prncicle ef inclusion, We have (A) =30, NCB)= 28, (AASB) = 13 | \augl = \Al-+iel- ACS! = “Bo+ee—'5 | 2 us : GC) IF A is the set of atl students whe ae shelyging ott, Hen A is the pumber of) | Students whe are not Studying +t {Bis Fepresets He Set of shedlents “Whe ave studying pascal Hen | E veprecents the aunlerof) shalents whe ove | wot studying pascal: : | athe no of ‘stelents hs ore sthedyng neilley of these Subjects = AB b LAAB Le tel - (eesl = 62-4S fr = B® ~ horzenal Example? Tn a class 200 students Can & — vertical speote french. © 52 can speak russian while 20cm sects both trench % Russian then hoo mony Sealy ak french or Kussion. : on spre ght [Al = 200, \Gl=s0. \AOB|=20 pavel = lal+tel— 1Ao8l = 2004+ 50-20 Ce la Vt ‘ { joke? = | EY cme any 3 the 10 A Universel set U, | JAvpvel =1Al +t) + del lang) -180¢l— [aAne|+ » LAaABne]| : | Croengtes A survey of S00 Lelevision Viewers of a | : : | her on. 285 watch crickel, (9S woke’ hockey, us members watch football, 4S wateh cricket ¢ Footboll, “0 watch both erictdet, oy hodkey, So woteh heckey/< Foot ball % ia. do not watch any of the 3 lands of games then | | | | | it @) how eal Viewers in = Suvey woteh al Lvee tage | oy! > ‘garves. y he A be the set ef viewers whe wate i cricket, then late number of Viewers who are | SZsd Dope | Crictect | | | iss” Lee it ‘ _ a TS be the sel of Viewers [who are’ peo Fela Foot teat . en lel = number of (Viewers | who are wotehin MV Je 32 ‘e bo-enh ' Football © } | i us a | Cc tel the hsetof viewers whe dv tookebin “9 let, heeted | then) stele; nomber of viewers oad Ge ‘Wodtchs wig ° ea Petal 2 tas = NM, Grom tre qven dota us vi Ihe dhe wodteling | both , pores § foot alt, the. lAasl=us. No viewers are there ewers ove there \ whe ave” watehing loot Cricicet & hecleey, JAncl= 71° So viewers are there who woodkel. oth hocleey & Feclballs |weacl=so J So ore not wootehing any sport: JAvizucl =Soeo-SO =USO > Nomber of Viewers who are vodchirg all Hnree eine of Sports, is: q By pringicle of inclusion, we have \aveuel = 1Al+ (81 +lef-laasl -\ancl lect lAaBacl’ | “Nl Sane cle. tasecel JIA. Tel le | PIACB + tag \eacl = uso-2es—- Is WEE USH D45D = uSD-430 : : = 20 @ Loud - rany Viewers watch exactly ore of ~the “sports? ' SOF Leb, Cy denotes the set ‘of Urewers who wodch only encket-§ Hr denotes the set of Viewers whe, watch only hockey + F denotes the set of Vewers iho wotch only Seot ball. Laps (emHHFl = let tear Hleal+leasorl a = 2sge ug—1d +20 = 1% 1 IR l= le-c-Hl = lel-lecel— least aglencokl sug-4s-Soteo = HO Pua = FRE -taact - [orl 4 trocar) = tag—16 -S0 +20 | Example? FO qrour oF to professors pose mil | wooys Can a Combte of © members can be oovene-cd So -trot otteast one of professor AF wilh » include. protescor S

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