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Blast Fact Sheet

Rice blast is a fungal disease caused by Pyricularia grisea that affects rice plants. It can cause over 50% yield losses in infected rice fields in the Philippines. Symptoms include leaf spots, collar rot, panicle infection, and sterile seeds. The fungus spreads through airborne spores and is more likely to develop under conditions of high humidity, frequent rain, and cloudy skies. Management strategies include planting resistant varieties, proper spacing, balanced fertilization, and fungicide application.

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50 views

Blast Fact Sheet

Rice blast is a fungal disease caused by Pyricularia grisea that affects rice plants. It can cause over 50% yield losses in infected rice fields in the Philippines. Symptoms include leaf spots, collar rot, panicle infection, and sterile seeds. The fungus spreads through airborne spores and is more likely to develop under conditions of high humidity, frequent rain, and cloudy skies. Management strategies include planting resistant varieties, proper spacing, balanced fertilization, and fungicide application.

Uploaded by

jeffrey sarol
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BLAST DISEASE OF RICE

Common Name in the Philippines: Mode of Transmission:


Rice Blast – English
Mata-mata – Tagalog
Agupaw – Waray
Taya-taya – Cebuano

Causal Organism: Pyricularia grisea


Synonyms: Pyricularia oryzae, Magnaporthe grisea,
Magnaporthe poae and Trichothecium
griseum

Economic Impact in the Philippines:


 Many thousand hectares of rice fields suffer more than
50% yield losses. A 10% neck rot causes yield loss of 6%
and 5% increase in chalky kernels.
IRRI, (2003)
Symptoms:
Leaf blast (Seedling to tillering stage) Factors of Development:
 Small to spindle-shaped spots with brown  Presence of the blast spores in the air
border and gray center. throughout the year
 Spots join resulting in drying and death of  Upland rice environment
leaves.
 Cloudy skies, frequent rain, and drizzles
Node blast/Collar blast (Tillering stage)
 High nitrogen levels
 Black, rotten node that later breaks.
 High relative humidity and wet leaves
Panicle blast (Booting to heading)
 Growing rice in aerobic soil in wetlands
 Black and later breaks. where drought stress is prevalent
 Unfilled panicle.
Management Options:
Seeds (Maturity)
Cultural
 Sterile lemma and rachilla discolored with
fungal growth.  Planting resistant varieties.
 Early sowing of disease-free seeds after the
onset of the rainy season. Water seeding is
better than drill seeding.
 Proper plant spacing. Transplanting is
advisable than broadcasting.
 Avoid excessive use of fertilizer. Nitrogen
should be applied in small increments at any
time. Nitrate nitrogen is more conducive to
disease development than ammonium nitrogen.
 Water management practices in rainfed
areas lessen the likelihood of stress.
Leaf blast Node blast/Collar blast Panicle blast  Avoid farm activities when plants are wet.
 Destruction of diseased crop residue by
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). 2003. Rice Knowledge Bank burning.
Version 2.2., Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
Chemical
Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice). 2002. Field Manual on Major
Disorders of Rice Plant in the Philippines (Pathological and Nutritional).  Fungicides such as benomyl, pyroquilon and
Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines. tricyclazone are possible chemicals for
Popular varieties susceptible…:Growers watch for blast in rice crop. 2002.
controlling the disease. Two applications is
Delta Farm Press recommended – one at early heading and a
second a few days later when the heads are
SCScardaci, et al. 1997. Rice blast: A new disease in California. Agronomy most of the way out of the boot.
fact sheet series. Dept of Agronomy and Range Science. University of
California, Davis. For further inquiries, please contact the Crop Protection Division,
PhilRice, Maligaya, Science City of Munoz 3119, Nueva Ecija
www.oisat.org and www.CNWInfo.com Tel. No. (044)456-0285, -0258, -0277 local 227

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