Amy Wang Due: 11/18/2010 8th Grade Social Studies Objectives The Revolutionary Period (Textbook: pp.

143-146, 149-165, and 174-175) You will be able to define and extensively use the following terms: o French and Indian War- war that was fought between the British and the French and its Indian allies; from 1754-1763; fought in New World, specifically Ohio River Valley, Canada, and other parts of USA; British gained Canada and all French lands east of Mississippi; Spain gave Florida to Britain; Spain gained Louisiana Territory; GA boundaries changed to St. Marys River and Mississippi River o Proclamation of 1763- document that King George III made prohibiting colonists to cross the Appalachian Mountains in the land that was won in the French and Indian War in order to keep Native American relationships stable o Tories- also referred to as Loyalists, British Royalists, or Kings friends; those who were loyal to the King of England, King George III o Whigs- also referred to as Patriots, Liberty Boys, Colonials, Sons and Daughters of Liberty; those citizens ready to cut ties with Britain o Sugar Act- a tax placed on sugar and molasses from the West Indies o Stamp Act- a tax placed on newspapers, legal documents, and licenses; in attempt to pay for the French and Indian War o Liberty Boys- a group of Georgian who opposed the Stamp Act; part of the larger Sons of Liberty o Townshend Acts- passed in 1767; placed import taxes on tea, paper, glass, and coloring for paints o Boston Massacre- took place in March 1770; British soldiers fired their guns after being taunted by the crowd, killing five people, including a freed slave named Crispus Attucks o Tea Act of 1773- allowed the East India Company to ship tea directly to the colonies for less than colonists merchants could afford to sell; colonists saw it as a tax in disguise, boycotted the tea, and dumped it into the Boston bay in the Boston Tea Party o monopoly- when a specific individual or enterprise has control over a particular part of the economy o Boston Tea Party- in December 1773, Sons of Liberty dressed as Mohawk Indians and dumped 342 chests of British tea into the Boston bay o Intolerable Acts- made to punish the colonists of Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party; four laws in total; closed port of Boston till the colony of Massachusetts paid for the tea; could not have town meeting without the agreement of the governor, who was commander of the British troops; operation of court changed so capital crimes could be tried in Britain; all citizens of colonies had to house and feed British soldiers at their own expense o 1st Continental Congress- formed September 5th, 1774; consisted of delegates of each colony except for Georgia; one group wanted to pull away from Great Britain and seek independence, the other

Amy Wang Due: 11/18/2010 wanted to make changes but remain under British rule; encouraged each colony to boycott, but to stay secretive, as it would be treason under the Crown of England o 2nd Continental Congress- formed in Philadelphia three weeks after the battle at Lexington and Concord; sent King George III a petition to not take further unfriendly decisions against the colonies, which was refused; created a Continental Army o Olive Branch Petition- sent from the 2nd Continental Congress is July 1775 to ask King George III to prevent further conflict; was sent to prevent a full-blown war; rejected by King George III o Declaration of Independence- document issued by Second Continental Congress by which the delegates stated their intention to be free of the British; each colony was represented by delegates; signed on July 4, 1776; proclaimed the colonies independence; written mainly by Thomas Jefferson o Georgia Constitution of 1777- first state constitution; written when Whigs took over the government; got rid of the parish system and developed eight counties: Burke, Camden, Chatham, Effingham, Glynn, Richmond, Wilkes (British subjects in favor of the Revolution) and Liberty County (in honor of American independence) o unicameral- having a single legislature branch o Articles of Confederation- the original document creating the United States of Americas government; gave the states more power than the national government; summer of 1787, fifty-five delegates met to revise the Articles o Treaty of Paris of 1783- treaty that officially ended the Revolutionary War; signed by Great Britain, France, and the United States in Sept. 1783 o Constitutional Convention of 1787- meeting to change the Articles of Confederation because they made the nation too weak, but the states too strong; fifty-five delegates, representing every state but Rhode Island, met in Philadelphia at Independence Hall; instead of revising the Articles, they created the Constitution o bicameral- having two branches of legislature; ex: Senate and House of Representatives o ratified- to be approved or made valid You will be able to FULLY answer the following questions: 1. Describe the succession of events that led to violence in the colonies. Violence in the colonies was begun with the similar start of the Revolutionary War, which began with the war reparations and the Proclamation of 1763. After the acts that the British Parliament passed, the colonists began to get angry and protest. During the Boston Massacre, the colonists would taunt the British soldiers, and throw snowballs with rocks at them. Finally, after the Boston Tea Party in protest to the Tea Act, the Parliament put the Intolerable Acts into place. This started the real violence in the colonies. When they closed the port of Boston, other cities came to Bostons rescue by transporting goods into Boston by land. This began the violence in the colonies which ultimately led into the Revolutionary War.

Amy Wang Due: 11/18/2010 2. What events led to the start of the Revolution? When and where did it begin? The events leading up to the start of the Revolutionary War started with the end of the French and Indian War, where Parliament taxed the colonists to get them to pay the war reparations. It originally started with the Proclamation of 1763, where King George III forbade colonists to settle across the Appalachian Mountains in order to keep Native American relationships stable. However, this made the colonists angry. They felt if they had to pay taxes to pay for the war, they should also be able to use the land gained in the war. This right was restricted with the Proclamation. After the Proclamation, many acts passed by Parliament for the colonies were enforced such as the Sugar Act, the Stamp Act, the Tea Act, the Intolerable Acts, and the Townshend Acts. These acts made the colonists more furious, and caused them to protest, create riots, and boycott. Finally, the Boston Massacre happened. Paul Revere made a copper etching of supposedly what had happened, which helped sway some to the side of the Patriots. When the 1st Continental Congress met in Philadelphia, they set a date for the following year in case conditions didnt improve. They wrote out the Olive Branch Petition in order to make peace with King George III and not be forced into a war with Great Britain. It is said that the petition was never even glanced at. When the British army marched from Boston to Concord in search of ammunition, the first skirmish happened at Lexington. This shot is known as the shot heard round the world. This skirmish is what officially marked the beginning of the Revolutionary War. 3. Why was the Georgia colony at first reluctant to join the other colonies in gaining freedom from Great Britain? Georgia was originally reluctant to join the other colonies in the Revolutionary War because under the rule of the final Royal Governor, James Wright, the economy in Georgia was finally prospering. Being the colony furthest south, it was also the farthest colony from the actual fighting in Boston, so there were more Tories in the city. However, in the backcountry of Georgia, there was not a British leader or Royal Governor appointed to lead them. These people had more of a chance to be a Patriot. 4. What was the role of the second Provincial Congress of Georgia? During the Second Provincial Congress meeting of Georgia, it was decided that representatives would be sent to the Second Continental Congress meeting of the colonies in 1776 to represent Georgia. These representatives are Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall, and George Walton. This began Georgias start of the support of the Revolutionary War. 5. Describe the role Georgia played in the Revolution. During the acts that were passed by the British Parliament and King George III, the colony of Georgia created a Stamp Act Congress particularly targeting the effects of the Stamp Act. The Stamp Act Congress burnt an effigy of the Stamp Collector. This helped Britain repealed the Stamp Act. Georgia also supported the Second Continental Congress with the Olive Branch Petition and the writing of the Declaration of the Independence. With the representatives of Georgia signing the document, the men risked being hung because of treason.

Amy Wang Due: 11/18/2010 Explain the role that each of the following played in the Revolutionary War: Crispus Attucks freed slave killed during Boston Massacre one of the five killed Samuel Adams distant cousin to John Adams, future second cousin of United States leader in the Revolutionary War one of the Founding Fathers of the United States 4th Governor of Massachusetts propaganda dealer delegate for Massachusetts to the Continental Congress King George III King of England during the Revolutionary War passed the Acts against the colonies Thomas Paine wrote a pamphlet, Common Sense, which swayed many people to the Patriot side Button Gwinnett signer of Declaration of Independence most expensive signature in the world representative of Georgia at the Second Continental Congress meeting has county in Georgia named after him George Walton signer of Declaration of Independence representative of Georgia at the Second Continental Congress meeting has county in Georgia named after him Lyman Hall signer of Declaration of Independence representative of Georgia at the Second Continental Congress meeting has county in Georgia named after him Thomas Jefferson principal writer of Declaration of Independence 3rd President of the United States John Adam Treutlen first state governor chosen by constitutional convention Salzburger Elijah Clarke led the rebel militia group in the Battle of Kettle Creek Colonel Elijah Clarke has county in Georgia named after him Casimir Pulaski Polish Count sacrificed his life in the siege of Savannah died while placing the flag up on Savannah

Amy Wang Due: 11/18/2010 Nancy Hart has county in Georgia named after her said to have killed 2-3 British soldiers in the backcountry of Georgia only county in Georgia named after a female George Washington general of the Revolutionary War future 1st President of the United States Austin Dabney half black half white who fought in the Continental Army credited with saving the life of Colonel Pulaski after his horse had been shot down William Few one of Georgias representative to the Constitutional Convention to edit the Articles of Confederation Abraham Baldwin one of Georgias representative to the Constitutional Convention to edit the Articles of Confederation