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Democracy
Outline:
1. Introduction.
2. Essentials of democracy.
3. Prosperous career of democracy.
4. Main causes of the failure of true democracy in our country (Pakistan).
5. Future of democracy, particularly in our country (Pakistan).
6. Conclusion
The Essay:
Democracy is a type of government. Despite of its certain defects, democracy has been
and is considered the best form of government in most of the countries of the world Democracy
means:" Government of the people, by the people, and for the people." in a democratic country,
its citizens are allowed to take part in the affairs of the country as a matter of right.
In general there are the following basic essentials, which are considered necessary for
the working of democracy:
Firstly, a constitution must exist to regulate the legislative and executive functions of
the government. An absolute independence of the judiciary is essential for democracy.
Secondly, elections to the law-making bodies must be held at the well-defined intervals
on the basis of a broad-based electoral system. Thirdly, there should be freedom of thought,
speech and movement in the country.
Lastly, there should be a fair degree of literacy among the people of the country as in its
absence; democracy cannot run smoothly and efficiently.
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Democracy is not mature in our country. There are many problems which disrupt the
smooth flow of democracy in our country. Some of the problems are discussed below:
In our country (Pakistan), the Parliamentary democracy has been passing through its
evolutionary stages since its creation and establishment as an independent country in 1947.
For a democracy to flourish, a stable and reliable electorate is inevitable. A nation, facing
hunger, disease, poverty and ignorance, cannot form an electorate.
In our country per capita income is very low. Our standard of living is miserable. There
is sheer inequality in the distribution of wealth in our country. Our national income cannot
improve the living conditions of our people unless an effective check is placed on the ever-
increasing population. Most of our people are illiterate.
For the efficient running of democracy, the sense of public spirit, selfless service and
nation-wide vision are required. Most of our politicians do not possess these ingredients of
democracy. Most of them are power-seekers. Thus, there is a dire need of dedicated and
selfless politicians. Our politicians who are creating bad blood among the people of various
provinces of the country are the worst enemies of our national integrity and democracy.
A healthy Opposition and a free Press are indeed the guardians of Democracy. An honest
Opposition is the dire need of Democracy. Our press is, on the whole, irresponsible. Our Press
must be honest. It must analyze the prevailing situations objectively.
Corruption has become very common in our country. A corrupt society can never be
democratic. The corrupt people have been and are causing an irreparable damage to democracy
in our country. As the rate of literacy is increasing day-by-day in our country, the political
consciousness is steadily growing in us. It is, therefore, hoped that our country will, in future,
become a true democratic country. If democracy is reconstructed on the social and economic
principles of Islam, no other system of government on the earth can cope with it.
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Education System in Pakistan (Our Education System)
Outline
1. Our education system is outdated.
2. Our education is not based on Islamic principles.
3. In our country, we need more skilled workers.
4. Our national language is not confirmed yet.
5. Examination system needs radical changes.
The Essay:
The present system of our education is rotten to the core since the creation of
Pakistan. There has always been a dream of the masses that the prevailing system of
education should be improved and modified. Today we are facing many educational
problems.
First, our education is not based on Islamic principles. It is too materialistic in its
outlook. The result is chaos in society. The students of today are disrespectful to their
parents and elders. The present indiscipline in the schools and colleges can only be cured
if the students are made familiar with the Islamic principles. We should pursue western
science, but we should not forget that we are Muslims.
Secondly, Pakistan is a developing country. We need more and more skilled
persons. We need doctors, engineers, agriculturists and technicians in all spheres of life.
Our problem is to have more industrial and technical colleges. Education in humanities
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should be kept on but it should be restricted only to a few ones. This will solve the
problem of unemployment to a great extent. Moreover we will b able to get rid of the
foreign experts.
"Educating the mind without educating the heart is no education at all." (Aristotle)
Thirdly, the need for suitable books is being felt in Pakistan badly. Most of the
books are foreign published. The learned men and scholars in our country must devote
themselves to the writing of new books according to the level of students.
Fourthly, the most burning question is that of the national language. There are
many languages in our country as Urdu, Punjabi, Pushto, Balochi, Sindhi etc. These
languages should be developed to high standards so that these may become suitable
medium of expression
Lastly, our system of examination needs a drastic change. Our examinations don't
test the real intelligence and knowledge of the students. Good marks and divisions in
the examinations depend on cramming. Our education system should discourage
cramming work. It should take all possible steps to engender originality of thoughts and
an aptitude for research work. Our education department should reshape our whole
education system from nursery to the university level.
Energy Crisis or Load Shedding (Power Crisis)
Outline:
1. Electric energy is of utmost importance for the survival of modern life
2. The load shedding has affected our country badly.
3. We do not have sufficient supply of power due to some reasons.
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4. We also suffer from shortage of electricity due to some minor reasons.
5. Conclusion: We can fight against energy crisis by adopting certain measures.
The Essay:
Electric energy is of utmost importance for the survival of modern life. The prosperity
of a country is directly linked with the supply of energy. The working of railways, hospitals
and business centers, entirely depend on electricity. Without electricity our farms and industry
will stop production. Our houses, trade centers, roads, schools and colleges will turn into grave
yards. It is unfortunate that the production of such a vital thing is insufficient in Pakistan. The
population of our country is growing at a very rapid rate. The production of electricity is far
less to meet the increasing needs of our future. The result is that we have to resort to load
shedding in the country.
The load shedding has affected our country badly. It has disturbed our social, economic
and cultural life badly. The hospitals and medical educational centers suffer a lot.
We do not have sufficient supply of power due to following reasons.
Firstly, we generate electricity from water, oil, coal and gas. Water is the cheapest
source of producing electricity. We have failed to build Kala Baugh Dam. Had it been built,
the power supply would have been in plentiful and at same time, it would have been cheap.
Secondly, the electricity generated by coal, gas and oil is very costly. The electricity
produced by these elements is called thermal power. The setting up of thermal power is highly
expensive for a developing country, like ours.
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Thirdly, we can produce electricity by nuclear energy. Nuclear power stations are not
easy to set up. The nuclear reactors are very costly. We suffer from shortage of electricity due
to the following reasons also:
1. The demand for electricity increases due to the electrification of villages. The new housing
colonies also need it for domestic use. This has increased the demand of electricity.
2. The use of electricity increases in summer. The use of air conditioners is increasing every
year.
3. The measures to save energy have failed badly. The business centers, hotels, roads and
streets are lit up during night hours. The entire nation suffers from indiscipline. All lights are
always 'on' in the houses.
We can fight against energy crisis by adopting following measures:
1. The generation of electricity can be increased by setting up more power stations.
2. Nuclear energy should be used as a major source of energy.
3. The government should undertake research to find ways and means to generate more power
by cheap sources. Solar energy can be used as a main source of energy.
4. A campaign on electronic media should be started to save energy by all means.
Inflation (Rising of Prices)
Outline:
1. The prices of necessities of life are rising constantly.
2. Inflation has adverse effects on different sections of society.
3. Rising prices also affect national life in the economic field.
4. There are many factors which cause rise in prices.
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5. The developmental activities in developing countries usually cause inflation.
6. The conclusion. Our first duty should be to check the birth rate.
The Essay:
The prices of necessities of life are rising constantly. They are posing a serious
problem for everybody in the country. The problem of rising prices has become a
universal problem. This problem assumes an acute form in the developing countries,
like Pakistan. The majority of people in our country belong to the low income group.
Therefore, they are hard hit by the high prices of essential goods which register a rise
every week and every month. The result is that the standard of living of the poor people
is dwindling day by day.
Inflation has adverse effects on different sections of society. Most of the people
have not sufficient means to buy the necessities of life. They are compelled to use unfair
means to have them. In this way, the society is troubled by pick-pockets, thieves, robbers
etc) those government servants who cannot make both ends meet become corrupt. They
abuse their powers and accept bribe. In this way, they promote injustice and cruelty in
national life.
Rising prices also affect national life in the economic field. The businessmen think
of adulteration, black marketing and other methods to maximize their profits.
There are many factors which cause rise in prices. Firstly, the most important of
these is the increase in population) the population of our country is increasing at a rapid
rate. But the economic resources do not increase at the same rate. It results into inflation.
Secondly, if the demand is higher than the supply, the goods will be naturally sold
at higher prices. The wrong policies of government often lead to hoarding, smuggling
and black marketing of the essential goods. Thirdly, if a businessman has a monopoly
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in the production and sale of a certain commodity he can raise its price as and when he
desires.
In developing countries like Pakistan, the developmental activities usually cause
inflation. The funds and the loans that are acquired from foreign countries are invested
on different projects. They increase the circulation of money in the country and cause
inflation.
Our first duty should be to check the birth rate. We should make a vigorous
propaganda in favour of family planning. Secondly, the government should not impose
so many taxes, duties or surcharges on those commodities which are used by the
common man and which are considered necessary for human life.
Information Technology
Outline:
1. Information Technology is a miraculous achievement of modern times.
2. IT is very famous in Pakistan now.
3. Pakistan has done wonders in IT.
4. IT has great profit.
5. Pakistan must popularize its scope in the whole country.
The Essay:
"The computer was born to solve the problems that did not exist before." (Bill Gates)
Information Technology is one of the miraculous achievements of modern man. In a very short
span of time, man has reached the peak of progress in Information Technology. Now IT is involved
in almost all the fields of man's life. The main components of IT are Information System, Internet
Technology, Computer, Hardware and Software of Computer Industry.
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IT is a buzzword these days in Pakistan. It has received warm response from all walks of life
in the country. It is the top priority of the government. To promote software exports, the government
has announced a number of incentives. It has formulated a proper IT policy and action policy.
Pakistan's achievements in the field of Information Technology are numerous. It has many
advantages. Firstly, it is a great source of vast information, fast communication and unending
entertainment. It helps better in decision making and opinion building. It has truly changed the world
into a global village. Secondly, it can help us in exploring the world. Thirdly, IT is a key to progress
and prosperity of the world. Now, the more a nation acquires mastery in the field of Information
Technology, the more chances it has to rule the world.
"Computers are incredibly fast, accurate and stupid; humans are incredibly slow, inaccurate
and brilliant; together they are powerful beyond imagination." (Einstein)
Information Technology has great profit. It trains personnels to prove a priceless asset both at
home and abroad. It can decrease unemployment in the country. The export of hard and softwares can
earn a lot of foreign exchange. Pakistan can also promote its tourism industry by introducing its
culture, people and natural beauty through it.
Pakistan must be well aware to reap the advantages that IT offers. Firstly, it must expand and
modernize further IT infrastructure in the country. Secondly, it must popularize internet by increasing
access to it at low rates. Besides, all gadgets concerning IT should be made available at low price. We
hope that the future of Information Technology is bright in Pakistan.
Pakistan’s Problems as a Developing Country
How to Make Pakistan Strong and Stable
Outline
1. The developing countries have many problems in common.
2. Our country has a very outdated, outmoded and outlandish feudal system.
3. Literacy is the greatest evil of our society.
4. Overpopulation is also the greatest evil of our society.
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5. Unemployment goes hand in hand with the abnormal increase in population
6. Inflation and the rising tide of crime are the greatest evils.
7. The conclusion
The Essay:
The developing countries have many problems in common though for some like South
Korea, Malaysia and Chile these problems are becoming fewer each year.
Firstly, our country has a very outdated, outmoded and outlandish feudal system, which has
brought about 70 percent of our population and three-fourths of our land to a standstill
situation. Ever since the departure of the English from the India, Pakistan has been under the
constant dead weight of the feudal lords or big landowners.
Secondly, the new industrial and business big guns in the cities need to be trained and
controlled so that their position and wealth do not become a problem for society. They should
be made to pay full taxes and to contribute for the welfare of their employees and servants.
Thirdly, our country, with so many other developing countries, is entangled in the narcotic
(drug) business. Some northern areas in our country produce heroin that is smuggled out
enriching our traders greatly.
Fourthly, illiteracy is the greatest evil of our society because of which the people cannot
understand their problems and social realities well. It has kept them backward to this day. In
fact about 80 percent people here are illiterate or semi-literate. These people can never hope
to advance in agriculture, business, industry, politics or any other field without the necessary
education.
Fifthly, connected with illiteracy is overpopulation or population explosion. The poor
uneducated people have the largest number of children and the biggest families.
Sixthly, unemployment goes hand in hand with the abnormal increase in population. The
economy should expand, industrialization should be much faster and technical and industrial
education should be imparted on a large scale.
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Seventhly, the problem of rising prices or inflation or the fall in the value of the rupee is
constantly painful for the common person.
Eighthly, the problem of rapid shift of village populations to the cities (urbanization) and
pressure on cities can be addressed by developing our countryside.
Ninthly, the rising tide of crime, especially in the cities, in the form of dacoities, murders,
sexual abuse and corruption in different forms can only be checked if the solution to the eight
big problems outlined above can be suitably found.
Tenthly, the problem of national integration or national unity by neutralizing the divisive
tendencies in the provinces needs to be resolved.
Our country, like the other developing countries, needs a true modern democratic setup. With
an educated population, industrialization in full swing, agriculture in full development, social
peace and encouraging law and order situation, our country can be a truly advanced one. We
need to find a lasting solution to our problems that, if not solved in time, are likely to finish us
off.
Pleasures of Childhood
1. Childhood is the earliest period of a person's life.
2. As a child grows up, he feels more and more attached with his childhood.
3. Life of a child is the name of happiness and merriment.
4 All the grownups claim that childhood is the best part of life.
5. A man always feels excited to remember the golden period of his childhood.
6. In childhood, small things give enough pleasure and relaxation.
7. The childhood memories have often been praised by poets and writers.
The Essay:
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Childhood is the earliest period of a person's life. This is the period when memory is not very sharp
and lasting. Up to the age of two to three, a child easily forgets happy or unhappy moments. The emotional
moments do not have strong impact on a child's mind. From that age onwards, his emotional senses start
developing.
As a child grows up, he feels more and more attached with his childhood because the ever growing
responsibilities, overpowering demands of life and rapid awakening of the world around force him to be
nostalgic about childhood. The oppressing demands of life force him to take refuge in the dim, happy and
carefree memories of childhood, when life was smooth sailing without worries, anxieties or work.
Life of a child is the name of happiness and merriment. Life of a child is nothing more than eat, drink
and be merry. The unforgettable charm of childhood keeps coming back to make him happy and move forward
in life.
All the grownups claim that childhood is the best putt of life. No doubt it is the golden period of life
because cares, worries and troubles are not part of this period. The kindness of parents, love of brothers and
sisters, merry games and fun with friends at school, hide and seek in the backyard, old dear home, chocolates
and cakes, parties and family gatherings, everything tries to come back and make them smile.
A man always feels excited to remember the golden period of life. A child is care free, high spirited and easily
delighted with life. A child very often wanders like a free soul in the open fields enjoying the natural beauty
in the fields and the pastures.
In childhood small things give enough pleasure and relaxation. Such things as to climb the trees, ride
a pony and swim in shallow ponds give great excitement and merriment to a child in his childhood. The
childhood memories have often been praised by poets and writers. The poetry of Wordsworth is full of verses
which had been written in memory and praise of childhood
To conclude, we can say that childhood is a period of endless joy, fun and merriment. Childhood is
such a golden period of life which a man cannot forget throughout his life.
Why I Love my Country (Patriotism)
Outline:
1. I love my country (Pakistan), because l am a true patriot.
2. We love it because it is our native land
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3. The beasts too love their homes.
4. A true patriot always thinks of, and acts for, the welfare of his country and countrymen
5. Patriotism has some demands.
6. The conclusion
The Essay:
I love my country (Pakistan), because l am a true patriot. Patriotism means a selfless love of a person
for his country and countrymen. It is a natural passion. We love it because it is our native land. We love it
because we live in it, breathe its air, drink its sweet water, eat its food, and enjoy its beautiful natural sights.
The beasts too love their homes. If a man has no love for his country, he is worse than a beast. The names of
great men shine in history because they, being true patriots, loved their country and countrymen. On the other
hand, the names of the traitors are remembered with curses.
A true patriot, like me, always thinks of, and acts for, the welfare of his country and countrymen. He takes a
leading part in the defence of his country. He does not demand the price of his services for his country. He is
always prepared to sacrifice his life and property in the defence of his country. He lives for his country and
dies for his country.
Patriotism is a great force. It brings the people of a country closer. It makes them have common aims. It makes
them feel that they have to live and die together. It is because of true patriotism that the soldiers are ready to
die for their country.
We should be true patriots. We should make our country strong and prosperous; we must not allow others to
deprive us of our freedom and independence. In any case, we should not begin hating other nations or countries
in our spirit of patriotism/We should not think that our country is superior to others and has a right to dominate
them. A number of wars have been the result of such an attitude.
Patriotism has some demands. Its first demand is to place the collective interest of the country above self-
interest. It also demands the creation of high individual character, hatred for wrong and love for truth and
piety. Patriotism is not merely to be professed (claimed) but it is to be shown through action.
To conclude, a person loves his country out of the passion of patriotism. Patriotism teaches us not only to love
our own country and countrymen, but also to think of, and act for, the betterment of all the human beings in
the world. Like a true patriot, I love my country (Pakistan) from the core of my heart. I am, therefore, always
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prepared to sacrifice my life and property in the defence of my country. We all should be patriotic in our
feelings and thoughts, aims and actions everywhere all the time. I am proud of my being a true patriot.
Women's Place in Society
Outline
1. In the past women did not enjoy many rights.
2. Now women are conscious of their rights as citizens.
3. Women have proved their worth in every field of life.
4. She is biological different from man.
5. Our religion Islam is not against the education of women.
6. The conclusion. We should give equal human rights to women in our society.
The Essay:
In the past, women were looked upon as slaves. Her main profession was to obey and
entertain her husband. Thus a woman's activities were confined to the kitchen and the nursery.
Toward the end of the 19th century, there came the revolt of women.
The position of women in our society, on the whole, is not very satisfactory. Most of
our women living in the villages are uneducated and uncultured. Women in the villages cannot
often marry as they like. The women in the cities are in a somewhat better position.
Literature of 19th century made them conscious of their duties and privileges. Education
more than anything else was responsible for the emancipation of women. She made a great
demand for the right to vote. She succeeded in it. At present a number of women are members
of the parliament in our country. Today women are working as typists in offices, telephone
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operators, teachers, doctors and what not. In our country, we have women athletes, writers,
leaders and administrators. They are taking an active part in the social life of the country.
However, there is a group of thinkers who believe that women should not take part in
the social and cultural activities of the country. They believe that man is for the sword and
woman for the needle, man is to command and woman is to obey. Their judgment is based
on prejudice and it is one sided. The real danger is that women are making a wrong use of their
emancipation. Most of the girls students in educational institutions misuse their freedom.
Many women misuse mobile phones.
Women are different from men in their bodily form and constitution. It is her sacred
duty to produce children and look after them. She has to play the role of a teacher for her
children. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W) has said,
"Paradise lies under the feet of a mother".
This shows that in Islam a woman enjoys great status. Her rights are equal with men,
but her duties are different. Napoleon once said,
“Give me good mothers and I shall give you a good nation."
This means that morally good mothers build a nation of brave and strong [Link]
does not prohibit women to do jobs. Women can do any job within the framework of Islam.
They can adopt any profession of their choice. Women should do a job when they are actually
in need of it. They should first of all look after their children and make them good citizens.
We should give enough chances to our women to work in different fields of life. We should
give the right place to our women in society.
Science and the Modern World or Marvels of Science or
Blessings of Science or Wonders of science
Outline:
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1. We live in the age of science.
2. Science has brought a revolution in the matters of transportation and communication.
3. Telephone, wireless, radio and television and computer are wonderful inventions of
science.
4. Electricity is perhaps the most wonderful invention of science.
5. It has also done wonders in the world of medicine.
6. It has made our social life easy and comfortable.
7. Science has made us open minded and rational.
The Essay:
We live in the age of science. It has added many comforts to our life. The impossibilities
of the past have been made possible. New miracles are happening every day. Man has
conquered the forces of nature. It has helped man to explore the hidden treasures of the Earth.
Man has now learnt to land on the Moon. He is in search of new worlds.
Science has brought a revolution in the fields of transportation and communication. It
has shortened the distance. In the past, travelling was a difficult and dangerous matter. It took
weeks and months to reach from one place to another. Now those days have gone. There are
rocket planes that travel at the speed of seven or eight hundred miles per hour. They travel
faster than sound.
Telephone, wireless, radio, television and computer are wonderful inventions of science.
They connect us with the world within the twinkling of an eye. The radio, internet and T.V are
remarkable means of information and education for us. Internet has brought the countries close
together.
Electricity is perhaps the most wonderful invention of science. It is used as a source of
light heat and power. With the help of power, we can now change the course of the rivers,
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level the mountains and cultivate the barren lands. Without it, the whole progress of industry
would come to standstill. It cools our food and irons our clothes.
It has also done wonders in the world of medicine. Treatment by X-ray and radiations
is one of the greatest wonders of science. Difficult surgical operations have become a routine
matter. Laser technology is based on the control of beams of light for special purposes. Lasers
are used in industry for cutting and boring metals and other materials. In medicine, laser
technology is used in surgical operations. The use of laser beams in sound transmission is
becoming common.
It has made our social life easy and comfortable. It has given us many ways of
recreation. The cinema, radio and television have made us cheerful and comfortable.
In fact, science teaches us to work without prejudice. Scientists in all the countries use
the same scientific formulas, laws and results. They should, therefore, work together for the
advancement of human beings. They should not, in any case, prepare weapons of mass
destruction.
Science has made us open minded and rational. Now we analyze everything before we
believe it. We do not have faith in ghosts and spirits. Now-a-days science has made us practical
minded Science is a supreme knowledge and it should be used for the supreme good of all
human beings.
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