Students’ Book with ActiveBook plus Vocabulary Trainer AY (aay Rachael Roberts, alae s at i“ ESC AAs coy Coe Se Rad ea1.1 A lot in common? —_ 41.2 How many friends? lad 1.8 Brotherly love? Vocabulary p17 Communication p 18 Writing bank p 153 2.1 Silver sereen 2.2 Built to last 2.8 Stories in the news Vocabulary p 31 Communication p32 Writing bank p 154 8.1 Your place or mine? 8.2 City life 3.8 Beo-homes Vocabulary p 45, Communication p 46 Writing bank p 155 4.1 Catch me if you can 4.2 Getting rich quick: 4.8 Spend moret Vocabulary p59 Communication p 60 Writing bank p 156 5.1 Are you creative? 5.2 Time well spent? 5.3 Memorable meals Vocabulary p73 Communication p74 Writing bank p157 Encourage further conversation by ‘Auxiliary verbs (do, be, have) ‘expressing interest in what Is said ‘Start a conversation witha stranger Present Simple and Present Continuous Retell simple narrative in your own words Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple Phrasal verbs Describe a friend ‘Wire a semi-formal emai introduce yours How t.. ite informal/semifermal emails Give opinions and agree/disagree Defining relative clauses Describe an object The passive Describe an important event from your Ufe Past Simple and Past Continuous In the news Describe a fim Write a description ofan event How to... sequence a narrative ‘Make a complaint Future plans Compare cities ‘Comparatives and superatves Take notes while listening Future possibilty Prefixes and suffixes Describe hopes, dreams and ambitions ‘Write an email of complaint How t...complain Use intonation to check and confirm ‘Question tags information Carry out a survey and present results Modal vers of obligation and prohibition ‘Ask for and give claificaion Zero and First Conditionals with if Wwhen/unless[as soon as Confusing words ‘Give reasons for opinions Write a report on factual information How to..use formal inkers Describe your response to a picture Present Perfect Continuous and Present Perfect Simple Describe a pastime Verb patterns with «Ing and infinitive Describe a restaurant ‘Countable and uncountable nouns Explaining what you mean Make a short presentation Write a detailed description ofan object How to... describe an objectContents Intonation in echo questions, ‘Unusual hobbies Not in my culture. Personality Sounds and spelling: ‘eat bestfriend How to...starta conversation witha stranger How many friends should you have? Arguing Falling outwith someone Brotherly love? Reference p19, Review and practice p 20 Word stress on word endings: The news, News stories ‘Reference p 33, Review and practice p34 How to... complain politely Yourhome-Myhome Ahome exchange Problems with the home exchange GityHlove Kyoto, Japan Why not move to. Compound nouns ‘Word stress in compound nouns ‘What does the future hold? Future predictions Reference p 47, Review and practice p 48 How to. ask for clarification How you are persuaded to buy more Behavioural advertising Reference p 61, Review and practice p 62 How to... describe your response to a picture Describing paintings ‘Weak forms 3 Ways to become more creative Describing pastimes ‘Sounds and speling:‘a" Hannah Cheung - film-maker Reviews, Food How to. describe a restaurant ‘The world’s best restaurant ‘restaurant in Bruges Reference p 75, Review and practice p76| Contents a 6 6.1 Across Africa Describe a memorable photo ast Perfect Simple BEC 6.2 Down under Get around a new place Uses of ike ed 6.3 Travellers’ tales Talk about unexpected evens tiles Vooubulary p87 Expressions with get Communication p 8 Suggest and respond to ideas Writing banke p 158 Wite a detaed description ofa pace How to...wite adescipton ofa place 77.1 Learning from experience Describe a learing experience Subject and object questions | 17.2 Great teachers Describe a teacher rom your past Used and would 17. Is never too late Carry out an interview Modal of abit, ast and present Vocabulary p :ot Learning: iioms and phrasal verbs Communication » 102 Discuss options and make a decison Writing banke p59 Summarieashort article How to. wie a summary 8.1 Changing the rules Discuss problems and suggest changes Second Conditional Change 8.2 Change the world Express and respond to opinions: Adverbs perer) 8.8 Making the right decisions Describe the effect of important decisions Third Conditional Vocabulary p 5 Word butding Communication 916 Express and respond to eetings Writing bank p 160 Wie aout change Howto. witea personal email | 9.1 Freedom at work Ask tor datcation "Moke, let; allow 9.2 Skills and experience Take notes while listening, i Reported speech 9.3 New on the job Describe jo sis Past obligation/permisson Vooabulary p29 Uk and US Engh Communication p30 Answer interview questions Writing bank p 161 ‘Write a formal email/letter of application How to... write a formal email/letter of application 10 10.1 Childhood memories Respond toa poem 1 wishlf ony preety 10.2 Memorable people Briefly describe a famous person Review of past tenses Pea 103 Saying goodbye Understand cultural ferences Phrasal verbs Voosbulary p43 The senses Communiontion 144 Talking about memories Writing bank p12 Wie simple essay How tox ite sinple essay eee Cr Lee uenceContents Descriptive language How to... describe a memorable photo ‘Extract from Travels Across Africa Travel photos Places in a city around a new place ‘Travelling around Australia Intonation in questions Danni Minogue in Melbourne Traveling ‘Sentence stress Lady Mary Wortley Montagu Strange things happen when you travel. Reference p 9, Review and practice p90 Education Connected speeck How tow carry out an interview Tnever to late Old age Reference p 103, Review and practice 9104 The law How to.. discuss problems and suggest changes ‘The Forbidden Apple Chis | Edinburgh and Madrid Global issues ‘Sounds and speling:'o" omic marathon man raises £200,000 How to...express attitude and respond to opinions Changes in the world Life decisions ‘Sentence stess in the Third Conditional Your ie, your decisions Important decisions Reference p17, Review and practice p18 es ee ee) R Job requirements hterent bs Reference p 131, Review and practice p132 ewes Childhood memory Erma Bombeck Biographies Pronouncng numbers Some famous people How tooesay numbers ohm ‘Word stress in phrasal verbs We're letting you 20 How to...say goodbye (in person) Some goodbyes Saying goodbye on the phone Reference p 145, Review and practice p146 Coonekeckcd ean eaeDo you know. EBB a Complete the mind maps with words from the box. 2 Do you know these tenses? Match the sentences (1-7) with the tenses (a-g).. 1 Ive ved here since Iwas a cil 2. She's studying French atthe Sorbonne. beach coffee colleague daughter Bbartaresere ase eran doorbell hall husband island potato (oof sightseeing stepmother tourist 44 already eaten lunch so | wasn't hungry. ee eae 5 He was playing his guitar when the string broke, 6. tinteaving the company in uly. 7 Irie about fiteen emails a day. . a Present Simple Crave) od an and drin a Pome) losin Present Continuous for ongoing actions) € Present Continuous (fr future actions) 4. Present Perfect, 2 Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect Bb Complete the sentences withthe tenses (2-8) from exercise 1a. 1 Weuse the ___ to describe something that started and finished in the past. 2 Weuse the ___ to describe a future plan. 3 Weuse the ___ to describe something that started in the past and continues in the present. 'b Underline any /2/ sounds in the words in exercise 3a. © Add some more words to each mind map. CMB a complete the table withthe comect verbs, 44 Weuse the to deserbe something thats 2 oe state, habit or general tt 5 Weuse the to describe a temporary verb houn adjective situation tats happening round now. educate | educated 6 We use the ___ to describe something that @ improvement _|improved happened before another event nthe past ——e fae Weuse the to describe somethin — 7” femporay that was in progress ata time Inthe oven fea a ah 100K [expense o 700 beauty © GAB can you recognise the underlined parts of the attract attraction o. sentences? Label them wit the headings in the w appteation [wai box. ‘Mark the main stress in the words in the table in exercise 4a. How many syllables are there in each word? fiom (x2) phrasal verb (x2) suffix (2) prefix (x2) GBB Put the words in the correct order to make useful phrases for the classroom. 1. The story was unbelievable! Can you give me a hand with this? could/a/ She grew up in Ecuador. 1 3 4 Wve given up eating chocolate! 5 This meat is overcooked. 6 Happiness is the most important thing, 7. This is the poem that | learned by heart. 8 Iwas always useless at Maths. le speak/you/please/up ? dictionary,/I/could/your/borrow ? you/paper,/give/some/could/please/me ? these/down/words/write in/do/English/say/you/how/"X" ? mean/does/‘X"/what ? and/the/between/what’s/‘X'/"Y'/difference ? you/again/say/can/that ? are/page/on/we/what ?Work in pairs and look at the photos. What relationship do you think the people in each photo might have? Put the words in the box under these headings: @ work/school, (b) family, (€) friends, (4) other. Can you add f any more words under each heading? acquaintance best friend boss classmate ex-girlfriend father-in-law friend ofa friend stranger old friend team-mate close friend colleague husband stepmother Match the phrases in bold from A with the correct definition from B. A 4 Pm sorry you're leaving. Let's Keep In touch. 2 We have the same sense of humour and like the same jokes. 3 We're both sporty. Infact, we have a lot in common, 4 |hope we don't lose touch when you move away. 5 He's really nice when you get to know him. 6 I really enjoy her company. 7 They fell out over money and didn't speak to each other for years, 8 We're really on the same wavelength, 8 not stay in contact like to be with him/her know him/her better find the same things funny like enjoy the same things stop being friends understand each other well stay in contact Look at the words from the box in exercise 2 and think of four people you know. Work in pairs and describe your relationship with the people you chose.Grammar ERT Speaking and listening (EBD Work in pairs. Match the hobbies (1-5) with the photos 8) 4 snowkiting 3. juggling 5 sudoku 2 tai chi 4 astronomy EBB a complete the phrases in bold withthe prepositions from the box. about (x3) at for on(xa) in (x2) to What subjects do you lke reading ? What do you use the Internet z What activities and hobbies are you good 2 What do you spend too much time What do you worry 2 What types of exercise are you keen 2 What do you usually talk with frends? What cultures are you interested ? What clubs do you belong, 7 20 How many languages are you fluent 2 Bb Workin pairs. Choose five questions from exercise 2a and write down what you think your partner's, answers will be © Ask your partner your questions. Were your ideas correct? EBB a © = istento five dialogues about the hobbies in the photos. Which questions from exercise 2a do the speakers answer? ‘What were their answers? Write one key word for each speaker. © Listen again and make notes about the different hobbies. Then work in pairs and compare your notes. Work in pairs. Do you do any of the activities in the photos? Do you have any other unusual hobbies?Grammar | auxiliary verbs (do, be, have) EBB a Look at the Active grammar box. Complete the example sentences with an auxiliary verb, Make sure you use the correct tense. b © s Usten and check your answers. Active grammar ‘A Wh- questions 1A How you learn to do that? B: Well, I started off. Yes/No questions a she have a telescope then? 3 you been there? Echo questions (to check understanding or show interest) 4 &: I'm quite good at juggling. B: you? Negatives 5 &: Can you juggle with plates? 8: No, | think | could do that! 6! ‘even been skiing! Short answers 7 &: Do you do itreqularly? B: No, | . ‘&: Have you been there? B: Yes, | As Isn't it terfying? B: Yes, it . That's the whole point! see Reference page 19 GBB Find and correct two mistakes in each dialogue. 1A: What subjects do you likes reading about? Oh, 'm quite interested in sport, ‘Are you? What sports you like? B: Tennis and football, mainly. What do you worry about? B: I not worry much. I guess sometimes | worry about money. Does you? Ido too, 3. A: Use you the Internet a lot? B: No, not really. | not have time, Do you? ‘A: Yes, all the time, 4 A: Have you seen that film yet? B: No, I didn't. What about you? Yes. | saw it last week. «Was it any good? ‘A: Yes, it were. Beh Pronunciation | intonation in echo questions 8. Write echo questions for these sentences. | grew up in Peru. Did you? 1 lhe Ina seven hedroom house. 2. My boyfriend has travelled round South America. 3. Next year 'm going to university. 4 Last year | won a medal for swimming. 5. l'mlearning to drive at the moment. 6 We both hate spaghetti. 7. They've just moved to Egypt. 8 b He eats six eggs a day. (©. Listen and check your answers, © Listen again, and notice if the person asking the echo questions sounds interested or not. What happens to the intonation when he sounds interested? 1. Work in pairs. Practise the dialogues in exercise 7a, Try to show that you are interested and encourage ‘your partner to say more. A I grew up in Peru. B: Did you? Yes, my father was the ambassador toPeru. ‘see Pronunciation bank page 164 Speaking EBB a You are going to try to find ‘something in common with someone in the class you don't know very well. First, complete the following sentence in different ways. Tike to find someone who + writes poetry. * is areally ood cook. ‘b Ask your classmates questions to try and find someone for each of your sentences. Show your interest through echo questions. ‘A: Do you write poetry? B: No, I don’t, but I do write novels. ‘A: Do you? Have you had anything published?Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 1 Look at the photos. What aspects of culture do they represent? 2 What are some typical features of your culture? 3. Howis your culture different from other cultures you know about? How is itsimilar? Work in pairs. You are each going to read about a cultural misunderstanding. Student A: read the text on this page and answer the questions below. 4 What did Kyle's fatherin-law keep doing? 2 How did she usually react? 3. What happened when she got angry? 4 What did her husband explain? Student B: read the text and answer the questions on page 147. ‘Tell your partner about the story you read and listen to your partner's story. Ask questions about anything you don't understand. Have you ever had a cultural inderstanding? Tell your partner what happened. os Not in my culture. Finally, one day 'é had enough. When my father-in-law mentioned my weight at the dinner table once again, in front of everybody, telling ‘me | looked ‘even fatter than normal’, lost my temper, ‘Well, you look older and more wrinkly than normal, silence. | turned bright red as | realised I'd just said something truly offensive, Eventually someone coughed politely and changed the subject. But, after dinner ‘my husband took me aside. Why in the world would you insult my dad lke that?!’ he asked. | told him, ve had enough of the weight ‘comments, tll him to stop insulting me." And then my husban ‘me that in Chile, ‘gordita’ isa term of endearment and is only used lovingly, He also explained that it's not at all impolite to bring up other people's weight lossiweight gain and that if people do, that just means they care about you enough to notice. ld So | explained to my husband that telling someone they look fabifatter is one of the rudest things you can possibly do in my culture. Well, my husband had alittle chat with my father-in-law and my size was never mentioned again.1.2|How many friends? (Scan Present Simple and Present Continuous ENED start a conversation with a stranger Listening Pronunciation | sounds and spelling: ea EBB 2 Work in pairs and discuss the BB 2. 0 i+ Listen tothe four ways in which ea’ can be questions. pronounced. Then put the adjectives from the box in the 4 Who do you consider to be your best correct column. fiend? | 2 Where and when did you meet them? fearful jealous kind-hearted mean pleasant upbeat | 3. What do you tke about them? ‘4. How are they different from you? Te] Tier ‘hel Tal Db Os Listen to Pete answering the | ‘same questions about his best friend, and note down his answers. b Oy Listen and check your answers. © Put more words that you know with ‘ea’ into the correct Vocabulary | personality column. see Pronunciation bank poge 26: EBB a Work in pairs. Complete the page x63 definitions (s-10) with the adjectives from the box. Speaking dependable encouraging generous) EA @ Workin pairs and discuss the questions. jealous kind-hearted mean 1 When was the last time you made a new friend? pleasant selfish sulky upbeat 2 How did you meet? ‘b Complete the How to... box with the headings below. *atabusstop *ataparty * on public transport Alan 4 is friendly and well-behaved. 2 cares about you and wants to help Person you. How to... start a conversation with a 3 always does what you need them to. stranger is unhappy if you have something they'd like themselves, A_____ | Cold today, isn’t it? & \iapeiy gives yolwiiatevec yourteed, Excuse me, could you tell me the time? 6 has a positive, optimistic attitude. Excuse me, is anyone sitting here? 7 tries to give you the confidence to Is it olways this crowded? succeed. 50 how do you know Jason? (the host) 8 is angry and unhappy for long periods. Have you tried this chicken? It's delicious! 9) thinks of themselves frst. 40 doesn’t Ike giving anything away. D Choose three adjectives in exercise © Respond to each conversation starter in the table in 2a which you think are most important exercise 4b. iia good friend, Explain why. 1. Work in pairs. Choose a conversation starter and write a ‘© Work in pairs. Tell your partner short conversation. about a friend who one of the A: Have you tried this chicken? It's delicious! adjectives in exercise 2 describes, 8: No, it looks good though. You should try some of the Explanwhy. fish. I think Mary made it herself. When I ost my job last year, my friend Lucia was really encouraging. She kept telling me | would get a better job soon, and | have!5} AED mie CURE LLL Jeople often say that while money may bring wealth, friends bring riches. New research, however, shows that fiends may bring both kinds of riches. An American study. asked eighteen-year-olds to list their three best friends. Years later, it was discovered that those named most often tended tw be eaming the most. In fact, every extra friend added two percent to their salary. The researchers believed that this is because people with better social skills do better in the workplace. So, the more friends the better? One theory states that we all have about 150 friends. This may sound like a lot, but only about five of those are really close friends, the kind you can ring at 4:00 a.m. ‘About another ten are part of an inner group, and these can include family members. Then there are about thirty five not so close friends, and the other 100 are really just acquaintances. Susie, a market researcher, agrees: ‘I have loads of friends, but I'm studying as well as working at the ‘moment, so [only see a few friends once a week or 0." Reading GB a Work in pairs. Do you think that the following statements are true (1) of false (F)? 1 People who have more friends usually earn more money. Most people have about 150 friends, 3 The average number of online friends on Facebook is 700. 44, Most people only have one or two close friends, b Read the article above and check your answers. Have social networking websites changed this? Facebook™, one of the most popular social networking sites, has more than 300 million active users worldwide, all making new friends online. The average number of Facebook friends is 130, >but many people have hundreds or even thousands of online friends. Paulo, a graphic designer, thinks he is fairly typical of his generation: I have more than 700 Facebook friends, many of them from other countries. It is as easy nowadays to have a friend on the other side of the world as one round the comer However, research indicates that while some people may have more than 150 friends, the ‘number of close friends remains exactly the same about five. Ic appears that whatever technology may make possible, human beings can only manage a small ‘number of ‘true fiends GB Read the article again and answer the questions. 4. According to the American study, how much was each friend ‘worth’? 2. Why did the researchers believe that more popular children earned more as adults? 3. How many of the 150 friends mentioned are really acquaintances? How many people use Facebook worldwide? What is the writer's opinion about the effect of, technology on how many close friends we have?Read the comments below from a website. Then work in pairs and discuss which opinions you agree or disagree with. mnaineversecepranonime trend” who tain already know T woul vt be tends with someone youve never met? Syl, UR : Tray rchoreak = and t wanted to 1m reading i ck hat most companies wor Ie YOU 90.09 commen ao jose at wort even In your own te. 1 onthe Facebook wi Yo e the main way I communicate with my lends, Jon, UK Trane people who have hundred of friends onine must Just be Tablysetopsessed and ooking for attention. fu, Pore EBB Work in pairs. How many friends do you think is the ‘right” number to have? Why? Grammar | Present Simple and Present Continuous GBB a Look at the Active grammar box. Match the example sentences (1-5) with the rules (A-E). 1b Complete the table in the Active grammar box with the verbs in the box. Active grammar 1 People with better social skills do better in the workplace. 2 | have more than 700 Facebook friends. 3 I'm studying as well as working. 4 | see them once a week, 5 I'm reading this at work. We use the Present Simple for. ‘A habits/routines, e.g. sentence __. 8 things that are always true/permanent, e.g. sentence describing a state, e.g. sentence __. We use the Present Continuous for... D things that are happening now at this precise moment, eg. sentence. £ temporary situations that are happening around now, e.g, sentence ‘Action verbs State verbs Both 904 believe, .. ive, We do not usually use state verbs in continuous tenses. see Reference page 19 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the Present Simple or Present Continuous. 1 ____(you/read) that book? Can iseeit? 2 Sasha____ (not/work) on Tuesdays, so she's at home now. 3 I'msotired.|__ (need) a holiday! 4 That looks hard, (you want) any help? 5 'mafraid we. (not/have) any tea because | always dink coffee. 6 Where (youstive) at the moment? 7 (you/understand) this computer manual? 8 You look very happy! Who. (you/think) about? 9! (not/want) to leave too late because | (hate) diving in the dark. 10 What horrible weather! |__ (stay) inside until the rain stops. ‘Make questions from the prompts. using the Present Simple or Present Continuous. 4 What/you/do? (ob/occupation) 2 What/you/do/at work (or schoo) /at the moment? 3 How often/you/go out with friends? 4 What/you/like/do? 5 What films/you/like/watch? 6 What/you/usually/do/at the weekends? 7. You/read/a good book/at the moment? 8 You/play (or watch) /any sports/ these days? 9 Why/you/study/English/this year? 20 You/do/any other courses/at the moment? Work in pairs. Ask your partner the questions in exercise 11. Tell the class anything interesting you leamed. Be)BSE Sond aK raha eyed Crianrd Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple GUEEKIE A «tela simple narrative in your own words Listening and speaking MB 2 6 + tisten to three people talking about someone who they fell out with. Match the speakers (1-3) with the photos (A-C). 1b Listen again and complete the notes in the table. [Speakers |Speaker2 [Speaker 3 ‘Who do they talk | Romina ~ about? best friend How long have they ‘one year known/did they know each other? |Why/When did they fall out? Howis their relationship now? © Work in pairs and check your answers. Vocabulary | arguing EB Listen to the three people in exercise 1a again and complete the table wth phrases which havea similar meaning. have an argument havea over something EBB Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 2 Doyou ever have arguments with your friends? 2 Have you ever fallen out with a close fiend? What happened? 3 What do friends/family usually argue about? Reading GBB a You are going to read a true story about two brothers. Work in pairs and look at the photos on page 15. How could the items in the box be significant? anargument a business anickname shoemaker a wild cat the 1932 Olympic games. 1b Now read the article on page 15 and check your ideas. GBB Read the article again. Write true (1) or false (F). 1 The Dasslers' father was a sportsman, Qa 2. The brothers first made sports shoes at home. Q 3 Theyargued about the shoes. C] They decided to start their own companies. a Puma sells more shoes than Adidas. [1] People in the town have now forgotten the argument. a (GBB Read the Lifelong learning box. Then practise the skill by finding words in the story which mean the following: 1 provided a product (paragraph 1) 2. created (an institution/company, etc) (paragraph 4) 3. moved permanently to a different place (paragraph 5) 4 one or mare of the most successful companies (paragraph 6) Guessing from context 4 When you are reading, itis often better to try to guess the meaning of a new word rather than stopping to use a dictionary. It will help you to read more fluently. | SUOTOSTT Surureo| Work in pairs. Take it in turns to retell the story using the words/phrases from exercise 2 and the verbs from exercise 6.baie eR R i. est OS COR CUT UL Et Cae Rca Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup-winning football heroes, Muhammad Ali, hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all ‘over the world, But the story of these two companies begins in one house in the Pec eo Dee eR eee mL ad but complained that they could never find comfortable shoes to play in. Rudolph always said, "You cannot play sports wearing shoes that you'd walk around town See une ne athletics shoes with spikes, produced on the Dasslers’ kitchen table. On 1st July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Lid and they worked together for many years. The company became successful and it provided the shoes for Germany's athletes at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games. ‘But in 1948 the brothers argued. No one knows exactly what happened, but family De ee et ee a oe ey result was that Adolph left the company. His nickname was Adi, and using this and Den a Ce eee ee eee one ne At first he wanted to call it Ruda, but eventually he called it Puma, after the wild Coen oa a eee i os Oe a et re aed Pet a ae ee Ce OR eu cde oe eC! De eee Ue ee ue ae Re ee uC a rae Ue Cee Se I eee happened, over sixty years ago te town has been spit nto two, Even now, NW c * ‘some Adidas employees and Puma employees don't talk to each other.1.3 Grammar | Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple EBB 8 Work in pairs. Look at the extracts (4-8) from the story on page 5. Does each one use the Present Perfect Simple or the Past Simple? 1 Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes. ‘Adidas has always been more successful than Puma. On ast July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Ld Run DMC has even written a song called My Adidas. They worked together for many years. ‘The family argument happened .. over sixty years ago. The companies have now been in competion for over sinty years 8 Ever since it happened .. the town has been spit nto two. 1b Read the Active grammar box and choose the correct underlined words to complete the rules. Use the sentences from exercise Ba and the examples to help you. Active grammar 1 We use the Past Simple/Present Perfect Simple to talk about actions or states which happened in a finished period of time in the past. There is no connection to now. 2 We use ago/for with the Past Simple to say when something happened and ago/for to talk about the period when something happened. 3, Weuse the Past Simple/ Present Perfect Simple to talk about actions or states which happened in a period of time that is connected to now. 4, We often use for and since with the Present Perfect. We use for + a point/period of time and since + a point/period of time. 5, We use just with the Present Perfect Simple/ Past Simple to show that an action is very recent. ve just bought some new shoes. 6 We use not yet/already with the Present Perfect Simple to emphasise that a situation has not started. We use not yet/already to emphasise that a situation has started or an action has finished. thaven’t done the shopping yet. ve already finished cooking. see Reference page 19 EBB Read the texts below about other famous brothers and sisters and choose the correct words in italis Venus and Serena Williams are both famous tennis stars. They (1) have played/played each other professionally more than twenty times. In 2001, the actors Jake and Maggie Gyllenhaal (2) stared have starred together in the film Donnie Darko, where they (3) played/have played brother and sister Penelope Cruzis a world famous actor, but her siblings, Eduardo and Monica are also quite famous. Eduardo (4) had/has had several international hits and Monica is a well-known Spanish actor. She would like to star internationally but she (5) did't lecen/hasnt learnt English yet. Complete the sentences withthe time expressions from the box. ago already for just since yet 1 Kylie and Dannii Minogue have been professional performers __ they were children. 2 Kylie's first performance on television took place over thirty years ___. 3. Kylie has ___ achieved a lot in her career, but she stil seems to have plenty more to offer. 4 Kylie hasn't __had as much success in America, 5 Dannii has been a judge on a TV talent show a few years now, 6 Dannii has___ started a family. She had her first baby last year. Speaking Work in pairs. Do you think its a good idea to gi your friends and family? Why/Why not?1 Vocabulary | phrasal verbs FMB a Read the text below and answer the questions. 41 What languages did the author speak? Why? 2 What language did her father tell her off for using? Why? 3. Why did the author want to become a painter? Why was she not successful? 1b Brought up is a phrasal verb. Which other phrasal verbs can you find in the text? was brought up in a small town near Paris, My parents are English, so [ grew up speaking English and French. I mee aoe ‘us during the school ‘A young English student lived wi boty, and she looked after me when my parents were away on business. remember my father always told us off iff he heard us speaking in English, because she was studying, French, Usually we changed to French for a few minutes, and then carried on in English when he couldn't hear us, because it was easier for both of us. She was an artist, and swe got on very wel. I looked up to her, an later tried 10 become a painter myself. Unfortunately, I took after my her, who wasn't artistic, and so I was never successful. Use the text in exercise 1 to help you match the phrasal verbs from A with the definitions from B. Complete the sentences witha phrasal verb from exercise 2in the correct form. Use each verb once. You really your father. You look just like him! don't very well with my mother; we argue a lot. 1 In Brazil twas a happy childhood. We ‘arguing, even though Dad had told us to stop. My brother always for borrowing his records because | always scratched them! After their mother died, the children were by their aunt. I stil my older brother, and ask him for advice, My sister me when | was iu, GBB Work in groups and answer the questions. ‘Where did you grow up? When you bring up a child, what do you think is the most important thing. to teach him/her? ‘Asa child, did anyone tell you off? Why? Did this make you stop or did you carry on anyway? Which member of your family do you get on with best? ‘Who in your family do you take after? Who looks after you when you are Il? ‘Asa child, who did you look up to? (GHB Read the Lifelong learning box and follow the instructions. Personalising vocabulary A B 2 grow up 'a. admire and respect someone 2 bring up 'b continue (doing something) 3 tell (someone) off ‘¢ develop from being a child to being 44 take after (someone) anadult 5 look after (someone or |d take care of (someone or something) something) talk angrily to someone because they {6 get on (with) (someone) | have done something wrong 7 look up to (Someone) |f have a friendly relationship with 8 carry on (doing someone something) 'g look of behave like another member of your family 'h_care for children until they are adults Tone ofthe best ways to remember vocabulary is to make itmean something to you Using the ideas from exercise 4, write one sentence for each phrasal verb that is true for you. I grew up in a small country town. | SUOTOIT Supure9]1 Communication BESTT describe atriend GMB a Which of the following are the best ways. to meet a new partner? Why? + through friends + ataparty «atthe gym + on holiday + while studying + onanintemet dating site b Oss Listen to a short talk about Internet dating and answer the questions. 4 How many people used an Internet dating site in the UK last year? 2 What specialist dating websites does the speaker mention? 3. How is the website Canlintroduceyou.com different from the others? EAB kead the profiles of Nadia and Sam, which were written by their friends. Answer the questions below for each profile. 1 How did they meet? 2 What does each friend say about their friend's personality? 3, What does each friend say about their friend's interests? Work in pairs and look at the qualities below. Which five qualities do you think are most attractive in a partner? ‘gets on with everyone + has a great sense of humour ‘+ has an opinion on everything. * is. really good listener * is genuine, loyal and honest * is great fun to be around * is one of the funniest people | know «+ is really thoughtful and caring «is the life and soul of the party + would do anything for his/her friends * you will never have a dull moment in his/her company EB write a similar profile about a friend of yours. Include the following paragraphs: 1 How you met 2 Personality 3 Interests 4 Conclusion J Name: Nadia Rees J Age: 25 Occupation: Teacher Location: Bath I — —— J Wve known Nadia for years, In fact we went to school together and we're stil best friends Nadiais genuine, loyal and honest. She would do anything for her friends, and. is really thoughtful and caring She is also one of the funniest see People | know, and always Party! the life and sou ofthe She isa fabulous cook She enjoys socialising and has lots . fiends — hasnt met that pedal person yet and her dinner parties are famous! she just So what are you wiaitng for? Get in touch with her! Richara J Name: Sam Walker Occupation: Engineer Age: 26 Location: Liverpool | Sam and | have been fiends since we shared a house together at university. We have kept in touch ever since as we were aways on the same wavelength. He has a great sense of humour and you wil never have a dull moment in his ‘company. He has an opinion ‘on everything, buts aso a very good lstener. He's kind, gets on with everyone and is great fun to be around. He's quite @ sporty person, and often spencs his weekends ‘mountain cimbing or surfing, | think you'd need to be pretty active too — just to keep up with him. Sam is well worth getting to know, so why not send him anemal? Jenna1) Reference Auxiliary verbs: do, be, have Questions Invert the subject and the auxiliary verb. If there is no auxiliary verb, use do/does or did. Yes/No questions Are you Polish? Wh- questions Where are you going? How did you learn to do that? Echo questions ‘He lives in the count Negatives We use not or add n't to the auxiliary. If there is no auxiliary verb use doesn’t, don’t, didn't. 1m not ofraid. Short answers Repeat the auxiliary verb used in the question. ‘Have you finished yet?” “Yes, | have.” ‘Does he?” Present Simple and Present Continuous We use the Present Simple for habits/routines, things that are always true/permanent and describing a state. Seung-Ah starts work at eight o'clock. Spain is a hot country. Dimitri is really happy about his new job. ‘We use the Present Continuous for things that are happening now, at this moment and temporary situations that are happening around now (but not at this exact moment). Jade's having a shower. I'm learning Spanish for my job. Main verbs can describe actions or states. Some verbs have an action meaning as well asa state meaning, so can be used in continuous tenses. We're having a wonderful holiday. (have = action/ experience — can be used in the continuous) We have a lovely room by the sea. (have = possess ~ can't used in the continuous) Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple ‘We use the Past Simple to talk about completed actions or states which happened in a finished period of time in the past. There is no connection to now. | went to Disneyland last year. ‘We use ago with the Past Simple to say when something happened and forto talk about the period of time. They met ten years ago and worked together fortwo years. ‘We use the Present Perfect Simple to talk about. completed actions which happened in an unfinished period of time that is connected to now. I’ve eaten out twice this week. (this week is not yet. finished) 1've been to Disneyland. (some time in my life up to now) We often use for and since with the Present Perfect. We use for +a period of time and since + a point in time. ve known her for two months/since April. We use just with the Present Perfect Simple to show that an action is very recent. ve just bought some new trainers. We use not yet with the Present Perfect Simple to emphasise that a situation has not started, and already to emphasise that a situation has started or an action has finished. haven't done the shopping yet. "ve already finished cooking. Phrasal verbs Form: verb + one or two prepositions (or adverb) He grew up in France. | got on well with her. (One phrasal verb can have more than one meaning. Take off: The plane took off at 6:00. | took off my coat. The meaning often has no connection with the verb. We ran out of money. (= there is none left) Phrasal verbs are often informal/spoken English. Often there is a more formal word which means the same. She looks up to him. (= she respects him) Key vocabulary Relationships and arguing acquaintance be on the same wavelength boss classmate close/old/best friend colleague enjoy his/her company excgirtriend fallout ebout/oversthg) fatherinlaw friend ofa friend get angry _geton well get to know him/her have alot in common hhave an argument/row have the same sense of humour hhusband keepintouch lose touch lose your temper see red stepmother stranger team-mate Verbs/Adjectives + prepositions belong to fluent in good at keen on read about spend money on talk about interested in use (something) for worry about Personality dependable encouraging generous kind-hearted jealous mean pleasant selfish sulky upbeat Phrasal verbs bring up carryon get on with grow up. look after lookupto take after tell off see ng bank page 551' Review and practice EBB choose the correct words in italics. 1 Mary is/has taking a shower. 2 Does/Has the postman delivered the post yet? 3 They are/do writing in ther journals now. 4. Had] Have your fends spoken to you today? 5. I don't/haven't understand this question. 6 Do/Are we going to the theatre tonight? 7 She has/is never been to Hawaii before. 8 Doesn'/Don'this mother live here? 9 Haven't/Didn't we seen this film already? EAB complete the dialogues with auxiliary verbs. 4A: Hi,___ you know many people here? B: Yes, few. Some of us___doing an English course together. you live near here? : No, we__. We lve in Italy. you staying in a nice hotel? Actually, we___like itvery much. you know this area well? : No,we__. We_never been here before. you lke the city? Yes, we __ enjoying our stay here. 6 you worked here long? B: Noy! Only one year. 7 As Liz! What ____ you doing here in Rio?! 8: |___ travelling around South America! & A: ___we met before? B: Yes, we __. We metin Jakarta. EBB complete the telephone conversation withthe Present Simple or Present Continuous form of the verbs in brackets. Sara: Hi, I's me, fm just ringing fora chat. How are you? Lucy: Oh, fine, you know. How are things? ‘Sara: Well, | (1) (not/feel very well, actually. Lucy: Oh no, what's the matter? ‘Sara: | (2) {not/know) exactly. Probably just a cold. What about you? Well, 1) 1: Why's that? eV (4) (help out) at another branch because there area lot of people away. Actually, (5) (enjoy) the change this week. (6) (ike) meeting new people. Sara: (7) (do) the same job? Lucy: More or less, but | (8) (deal) with clients more here.1(6) (think) Tight try and do more of that when | go back to my own office. Sara: Well it sounds great. Lucy: Yes, mmm, I'm a bit tired though. | usually (10), (Get up) at about 7:30, but this week | (12) up) at about six! You know | (2) up that early. (work) ina different office this week, Get hate) getting Complete the ema with the Past Simple of Present Perfect Simple form of the verbs in brackets. Hi Mateus, It's amazing to get in touch with you again on Facebook. You asked for my news. Well, since T a) (leave) university three years ago, 1 @ (do) a Master’s degree in Portuguese literature, I’m now teaching at London University ~ 1@) (be) here for nearly a year now. It's hard work, but the students are great! Last year T (4) _____ (get) married ~ to Shella, remember her? She (5) (work) in Portugal for a year, but (6) (come) back to the UK last year 50 we could be together. What else? We (7) — be) very busy (buy) a house and we (8) « z re-decorating it. It's nearly finished now. Why don’t you come and stay? Hope to hear from you again soon, Chris EBB complete the sentences with a word or phrase which means the same as the words or phrases in brackets. Let me introduce you to my colleague Gustav. (someone you work with) 4 Hewasa complete__. (someone you don't know) 2 We get on well because we have a lot (hare similar interests) 3. Batbarais___ Spanish. (speaks very well) 4 When she told me what she'd done, | really _. (lost my temper) 5 Are you sure? That's very _of you! (happily give you whatever you need) 6 I told my boss | was having problems at work, but he wasn't very__. (Gositive towards me) 7 Sophie really __her big brother. {admires and tres to be ike) 8 Mike ___ smoking even when he fell. continue) 9 I'mnot very_watching TV. (ike/ interested in) 10 When we left school, |_with him. (stopped being in contact)Work in pairs and discuss the ques do you use most? Which of the different forms of media shown in the photos ns. 2 Has this changed in recent years? Why? Read the article. Are your habits similar to those described? Work in pairs and compare your habits with your partner's. Recent research has shown that young people now spend more time on the Internet than watching TV. This is partly explained by the fact that the average person surveyed does five other things at the same time as watching TV, including going online to look at websites or to IMGanstant message) their friends. ion remains popular, however, cularly reality shows and soaps. Young people are less likely to watch What vocabulary can you find in the different media? Complete the table. [Computers internet Television Fil documentaries or chat shows and tend to fet ther news online. If they do read 2 | newspaper, their favourite sections are the sports pages, gossip and human interest | stories, rather than current affairs or the | business section, | | Film is also still very popular, particularly comedies and horror films. In recent years, the docu-drama, such as Morgan Spurlock’s Supersize Me, about MeDonale’s, has also. | become fashionable. 2 article in exercise 2 connected with ‘Add any other words you know to each category in exercise 3a. Then work in pairs and compare your ideas.defining relative clauses sive opinions and agree/disagree Work in pairs. Look at the photos from the film ‘Man on Wire. What do you think the film is about? Read the film review and answer the questions. What type of film is it? What is the film about? Did the critic like the film? Why/Why not? Do you think you would enjoy it? Why/Why not? Read the review again and write true (1) or false (P). 4 The World Trade Center had just been completed when Petit decided to do his high wire walk. o 2. He finally made his walk between the twin towers six years later. a 3 Hewas already an experienced high wire walker when he made the crossing at the twin towers.) 4 Petit and his team managed to get permission to walk between the towers. o 5 They used a bow and arrow to get the wire across from one tower to the other a 6 Petits team filmed him as he crossed the wire. [| 7, As soon as he saw the policemen waiting he came off the wire and let them arrest him. o MAN ON WIRE A film to make you feel! alive .. 19 1968 a young Frenchman, Philippe Petit, saw a picture in ‘newspaper which would change his life. He was sitting in ‘a dentist's waiting room when he saw an artist's impression of the soon-to-be-built World Trade Center and decided that one day he would walk on a high wie between the twin towers, Man on Wire is the gripping story of a man who made his dream happen. The fim starts on Tuesday August 7th, 1974, the day when Petit ally achieved his goal. We see him heading for the twin towers and then, through interviews and flashbacks, we see everything that led up to that day. The fim fst shows us how Petit made his earlier high wire walks at Notre Dame and Sydney Harbour Bridge, using fi and photos taken from the time. Then the film almost becomes a crime thiler as we see how Petit and his team forged documents, got past security guards ‘and somehow managed to set up the wire between the towers without anyone seeing them or hearing anything. There were hundreds of unforeseen dificuties; not least how to get the wire from the tower where they stood across to the other tower. They finally solved this by shooting it across with bow and arrow! Finally Petit makes his great walk between the towers. There is no fm of the original walk, so the Whole thing is shown using photos that were taken at the time, a poignant reminder of how the towers used to look. He stayed 1,350 feet above the ground, apparently quite relaxed, for 45 minutes. The policemen whose job it was to arrest Petit, ‘could only stand and watch while he smiled and laughed at them. What Petit did was, of course, actually a crime, but that doesn't seem as important as the fact that it was a fascinating and inspiring adventure. A film to mako you fea alive.Grammar | defining relative clauses EBB a Complete the extracts from the review with the words in the box. that when where which who whose 1 In 1968 young Frenchman, Philippe Petit, saw a icture in a newspaper_ would change his lite. 2 Man on Wire is the gripping story of a man_ made his dream happen. 3. The film starts on Tuesday August 7th 1974, the day __ Petit finally achieved his goal 4 There were hundreds of unforeseen difficulties; not least how to get the wire from the tower, they stood, across to the other tower. '5 The whole thing is shown using photos ___ were taken at the time. 6 The policemen __ job it was to arrest Pet could only stand and watch while he smiled and laughed. 1b Complete the Active grammar box with the relative pronouns in the box in exercise 3a. Active grammar ‘Man on Wire is the gripping story of a man who made his dream happen. ‘who made his dream happen’ is an example ofa defining relative clause; it defines exactly who or what we are talking about. information about a person, aplace or athing. We use that or____ for people. We use ___or__for things or animats. We use for places. We use ___for possessions. We use___for time. In spoken English we often use that instead of who or which. The actress that stars in that film has beautiful eyes .. We can leave out the pronouns who, which or that if they are the object of the relative clause. The director was able to use film (which) Petit took in the 70s. see Reference page 33 {2.1 EBB Aca who, which or where to each sentence. 4. That's the studio the last Bond film was made. 2 Goldeneye is the name of the house lan Fleming wrote the original stories. Dr No is the first Bond book was made into a film. George Lazenby is the man only played Bond once. Daniel Craig is another actor took the role. Derby County is the football team Bond actor Timothy Dalton supports. GHB Rewrite the sentences using a relative pronoun. ‘Make any necessary changes. Daniel Radcliffe stars in the Harry Potter films. Daniel Radcliffe is the actor who stars in the Harry Potter films. 4 The first Harry Potter film was made in 2001. 2001 is the year 2 Joanne Rowling's books were turned into the Harry Potter films. Joanne Rowling is the author. 3 Most ofthe outdoor scenes were filmed in Scotland. Scotland is the country . 4 Wamer Brothers produced the films. Warner Brothers is the company 5. Richard Harris and Michael Gambon have taken the role of Dumbledore. Richard Harris and Michael Gambon are the actors .. 6 The first three films made $1.3 billion. $1.3 billion is the amount of money .. Speaking GBB Work in pairs. Tel your partner about a film you have seen. Describe .. «the type of film, + the main characters. ‘+ what happens in the film. ‘= some scenes you remember.TOSIANE BALASKO >, LEHERISSON in Ka mm IIS Pa a Tt Speaking and listening Workin paits. Look at the posters and discuss the questions, 1 Do you ever watch foreign language films? Why/_ Why not? 2 What kindof foreign language films do you tike/ distke? EBB a Workin pairs. when you watch a foreign language film, do you prefer dubbing or subtitling? Why? b Os Listen to three people discussing the ‘same question and compare their ideas to yours. © Listen again and answer the questions. Write ‘Sue, Ekaterina or Ben. 4 Who doesn't like the original actors’ voices being replaced? 2. Who thinks subtitles are too short to carry all the meaning of the original? 3. Who thinks that subtitles can be quite inaccurately translated? 4 Who thinks i's difficult to concentrate on watching and reading subtitles? 5 Who thinks it may be confusing to have one voice translating the lines of every character? {6 Who thinks that it depends on what you'e used to? GBB complete the How to. box by puting the headings in the box in the correct places (A-E) Asking for an opinion Disagreeing Givingan opinion Saying it may change (according to what happens) Agreeing How to... give opinions and agree/disagree A | think: What do you think? What's your opinion? agree actualy. ! That makes sense. {That's true, but.. Fm not sure about that. Well, maybe it just depends (on/ whojvhen) } a © «= Listen to five statements. Decide if you agree or disagree with them. B Listen again and write a response using a phrase from the How to... box in exercise 9. © Work in pairs and discuss your opinions. {EBB ead the Lifelong learning box and follow the instructions. Using the media! V4. Agreat way to improve your English is to interact with the language outside the classroom. Make a list of + the magazines that you read in English. * the books that you have read and enjoyed in English. * the websites that you read in English. + the TV programmes that you watch in English, | SUOTOSTT Supureo| 2 Work in pairs and exchange lists. Ask your partner about their list. ‘A: What's Australianetwork.com? B: t's a website where you can download short videos in English. ‘A: What's this book about? B: it's about a man who...2.2|Built to last (Sind the passive GETTY deserve an object ] Listening EBB a Look at the gadgets (A-D). They all have in common. What do you think it might be? 1b Oss Listen to a radio programme about the gadgets (A-D). Match a gadget to each speaker ow. + Julian 2 Anna 3. Chris 4 Joe © What do all the gadgets have in common? EAB Listen again and make a lst of the good and bad points of each gadget (A-D). Work in pairs and compare your lists. EBB Work in pairs. Decide which gadget you would most like/least like to have. Explain why. Speaking EB complete the How to... box withthe prepositions of for, by and to. How to... describe an object Comparing it: I's a kind___ music player. to something * it's similar. an mp3. else + It looks like an mp3 player. Describing its used ___ playing music. its function: irs used___ joggers. 5 tesa thing playing music. Describing: its made__ plastic. itsfeatures 1s rectangular/square/circular ‘ete. GBB a Think of a gadget you or someone you know ‘owns. Think about how to describe it using the language in the How to... box in exercise 4. ‘b Work in pairs and tell your partner about the gadget.Vocabulary | television GBB a Work in pairs. The words in the box collocate with television, Does each word go before or after television? channel commercials digital presenter producer satellite screen set live on (the) programme viewers 1b Put the word in brackets in the correct place. Then complete the sentences with your own ideas. + The best __television__ (channel is 2 Myfavourite (presenter) is. television 3. ~-isthe worst thing ___ television (or). 4 television __ (igital is better because 5 isthe most exciting television __ (programme) I've ever seen. fe the adjectives in the box below into positive and negative. annoying boring entertaining 1 gripping incredible ‘ing moving nauseating nonsense unrealistic unwatchable Pronunciation | /n/ and /y/ a How many letter ‘n’s are there? Listen to the word being pronounced. How is the last ‘n’ pronounced? ‘b Underline the ‘n’s in all the words in exercise 6c. Which ones are pronounced /n/ and which /n/? © © ss Listen and check your answers. Repeat the words. Work in pairs. Think of programmes you have seen which you could describe using the adjectives in exercise 6c. I thought it was... | found it... 103 Look at the word entertaining. Cn Completely reliable ... and built to last It was made over seven decades ago - and unlike modem. gadgets it is completely reliable: it was built to last. ‘A television that was around for King George V's 1937 Coronation and survived the Second World Waris now thought to be Britan’s oldest working set. The black-and-white Marconiphone 702 dates back to 1936 and is stil in its orginal condition. thas a 12-inch screen and was manufactured around November 1936, the same month as the BBC television service from Alexandra Palace was first broadcast. “The set is dely to have soreened landmark occasions including George W's Coronation Procession, the 1948 London Olympic Games and the Queen's Coronation in 1953, When nev, it cast 60 Guineas — the equivalent of around £11,000 today. ‘The set has been converted from analogue to digital, ringing it rly into the ‘wenty-fst century. Jefrey Borinsky, a consultant engineer from North London, entered a competition to find the county's oldest TV, He has ovmed the set for ten yeas, He said: stil enjoy watching my Marconiphone occasional, especially cartoons from the 1930s, which the orignal ovmer might also have seen onthe set. Now its dig, can be used for many years to come,” ‘The competition was setup in May by lain Logie Baird, television curator atthe National Media Museum in Bradford and grandson ofthe inventor of TV, don Logie Baird. He said 'A small fraction of pre-War televisions stil exist ~ many stopped working or were simply thrann out when a newer set arrived, and we know about 3,000 were lst in the London borings.’ “The set wil join a display of televisions from across the ages atthe National Media Museum. Reading EBB work in pairs. Look at the photos of televisions and discuss the questions. 4 When do you think they were made? 2 Howare they similar or different from televisions today? GBB Read the article. What do the numbers in the box refer to? 1948 001936 13,000 azRead the article again and write true (T), false (F) or not given (NG). 4 The television isin excellent working order. o 2 Itwas removed from London during the Second World War. 3 Itis possible to use the television to watch digital TV. 4 Jeffrey Borinsky has owned the television since it was made. 5. Jeffrey particulary likes watching old programmes fon the set. lain Logie Baird is an inventor. 7 The majority of pre-War TVs were destroyed during the War. 8 The television will now go to a museum. oo 00000 Grammar | the passive Look at the Active grammar box. Complete the example sentences using the article on page 26 to help you. ‘Then match the rules (A-C) with the sentences (1~2 Active grammar Present Simple It____ thought to be Britain’ s oldest working set. Past Simple It___ made over seven decades ago. The set___ converted from analogue to digital. Itcan___used for ‘many years to come. Present Perfect Simple ‘Modal verbs A We use the a something does. B_We use the passive to describe what happens to describe what someone/ to someone or something. We often use the passive to describe processes: Then the glass is heated .. and in mote formal or written contexts: Its thought to be .. and to avoid saying who is responsible: The washing-up hasn't been done yet! _tFwe want to say who or what does the action ina passive sentence we often use by. The competition was set up in May by lain Logie Baird. 2. [ain Logie Baird set up the competition in May. 3 The competition was set up in May. see Reference page 33 Complete the second sentence so it means the same as the first. 1 2939 people could only receive one channel ~ the BBC. In a939 only one channel BAC. 2 Inthe 1930s a television was owned for ten to fifteen years. Inthe 1930s people. a television for ten to fifteen years. 3. Nowadays people replace their television every two to three years. Nowadays a television {two to three years. 4 All pre-War televisions were made in Britain, The British all pre-War televisions. 5. The Chinese make ninety percent of televisions now. Ninety percent of televisions the Chinese now. 6 11936 people could watch the BBC for just two hours a day. In 2936 the BBC hours a day. the every for just two €B) a Add one missing word to each sentence. 4. Afather and son who made millions of pounds from fake DVDs have jailed for six years. 2 Hundreds of thousands of DVDs were produced workers hired by the gang. 3. The DVDs sold cheaply in pubs and markets. 4 Itis estimated the police that the criminals ‘made around £43,000 a day from the operation. 5 The gang members lived a life of luxury Until they caught. 6 However, police believe that most of the money the gang made been taken out of the country. 7 Is estimated that criminal gangs inthe UK make about £300 millon a year from Fake DVDs. 8 Police dogs have now trained to find hidden Dvbs. sos Listen and check your answers to exercise 13a,2.3/Stories in the news [rianrd Past Simple and Past Continuous GUUS IETY describe an important event from your ite Speaking and listening a Work in pairs and discuss the questions. Do you believe everything you read in the news? Why/Why not? 2 Read the opinions below. Do you agree with them? ‘Newspapers sometimes try to make news stories sound worse than they are. 1b © =6 Listen to Eben and Rachel discussing question 1 in exercise 1a. Look at the opinions in exercise 1a and note down who agrees with them — Eben, Rachel or both, GAB a complete the newspaper headlines (1-6) with the words in the box. delivers escapes survives takes 1 Traffic police officer in Bangkok __ baby 2 Lost driver__a wrong turn for 5,000 miles 3. Circus monkey __and destroys a restaurant 4 Top chef____ giant lobster from cooking pot 5 Sallor__ four months at sea Cat ____ £350,000 house and £100,000 from owner 1b Match the headlines (1-6) in exercise 2a with the pictures (A-F). Then work in pairs and describe what you think happened in each situation. Reading GBB a Read the news stories (A-F) quickly. Match the headlines (1-6) from exercise 2a with the stories. ‘b Write the letter(s) of the news story/ stories next to the topics (1-7) below. 5 food or drink 6 babies or pets 7 survival 4 restaurants: 6, D 2 travel 3. animals 4 people getting lost © Work in pairs and compare your answers. ‘Avnervous driver who went on a day-trip to Calas ended up in Gibraltar after a eae ae Mrs Bright, a recent divorcee, was planning to go to. France to buy some wine for a party to celebrate her divorce, However; as she was driving around Calais looking forthe supermarket, she took a wrong tum and lost her way. Without a map, and unable to speak French, she was too embarrassed to ask for directions and eventualy she found herself in Gibraltar‘jant lobster, saved ftom the cooking po by @ top chet, has been returned to the sea. Chef Anton Gretzky said the was planning to serve the lobster at his expensive restaurant, but decided he couldn't boil sucha fine creature. An employee from the Aquarium Restaurant in Victoria, Australia, took the lobster, named Bil, ‘the coast to free him. Gretzky said: He has been on this. arth much longer then have. ae ‘A monkey, who escaped from a local circus caused €1(,000 of damage to a pizzeria after the ‘over of the restaurant tried to feed it bread and Salad. The monkey, named Lala, was sitting inthe restaurant bathroom when the owner found hes ‘escapee dropped a vase, then star rowing paper owe sound. and aby ued con the water taps and flooded the restaurant in Lehre, Germany. ‘He was eating a se member gull when we found him,’ said a Of the South African navy team that rescued 9 fost na stom, he was rescued four moni ater. He washing on saoguts, a tara tan watts a miracle hob et ave, sade rescue ship's captain, , Bangkok traffic police helped to deliver another ‘baby yesterday. Sergeant Sakchai Kodayan is one of 130 members of the city traffic police whose special skills include giving first aid to motorists and helping mothers as they give birth. ‘I was drinking a coffee and having a cigarette in a café by the road when a taxi driver shouted for help’ said Sakchai. “His passenger ‘was having a baby. It was a boy. The woman said she would call it Sakchai as a way to say thank you.’ Sakchai has so far assisted with the birth of twenty-cight babies in his career. GBB Read the news stories again. Answer the questions. 1 a Where did Mrs Bright want to go? b Why didn't she ask for directions? 2 a Why didn’t the chef cook the lobster? b What did the chef do with the lobster? ‘Who will lok after Poker the cat now? What damage did Lala the monkey do? What did Parn Hung Kuk eat for four months? ‘a What special skills does Sergeant Sakchai Kodayan have? b Why did the taxi driver ask for help? GBB a Look at the table. Complete the collocations (1-7) from the news stories with the words in the box. Then match them to the correct definitions (a-s). cause get return move take (x2) Collocation Definition 3 ___awrongturn a. stop working fora short time (story A) 2 ___lost tory) ___|b go to live in the same house 3 inwith someone |¢ go/give back to (story ‘4 damage Gtory 0) [a help someone when they have an injury 5 to the sea tory B) |e not know where you are 6 first aid (tory F)_|f_ drive in the wrong direction 7 a break (storyF) |g break something by physically attacking it exercise 5a to retell the stories. © Workin pairs and discuss the questions. 1 Which stories did you find most interesting/ unbelievable/funny? 2. What interesting stories have you heard/seen/read about recently? Pronunciation | word stress on word endings GBB a Look back at the news stories and complete the table with words ending with the following letters ‘b Os Listen to the words from exercise 6a. What do you notice about the stress pattern? There is one exception ~ what is it? © Can you add any other words to the columns in, exercise 6a? see Pronunciation bank page 163Grammar | Past Simple and Past Continuous @ Read the Active grammar box and answer question 2. Db Read rules A and B and find more examples of the Past Continuous in the news stories on pages 28-29. Then answer que: Active grammar ‘Mrs Bright was planning to go to France... ‘She was driving around Calais. 4 Do the underlined verbs describe something complete or something temporary and in progress? ‘A We use the Past Continuous and Past ‘Simple together to say that something happened in the middle of a longer action. Iwas taking a break in a café by the road when a taxi driver shouted for help. B_ The Past Continuous is often used to set the scene at the beginning of an article or story. This happened about eight years ago when | was studying for my degree. | was feeling a bit tired and... 2 Which verbs are not normally used in the continuous form? see Reference page 33 EBB complete the sentences with the Past Simple or Past Continuous form of the verbs in brackets. They were watching (watch) a film inthe cinema so they dida’t realise (not/realise) it was snowing (now) outside. 1 1___(work) in a school in Prague when | (imeet) my boyfriend. 2 When!___ (be) achild,|__(ike) swimming 3 Mysister__ (arrive) just as|_(cook) some lunch, 4 |__ (know) I wanted to marry him te first time ___(meed him, 5. He (not/break) his arm while he (play) rugby. He (fal) down the sta 6 1____heck) on the children and both of them (sleep). 7 The phone rang while |___ (listen) to my mp3 playerand !___(not/head) tt. 8 | think |___ee) you yesterday in the station. (wear) a blue shirt? ERB complete the story by putting the verbs/verb phrases from the box in the correct place. Vtknow fell hoping visited was was expecting was having was-staying | remember when my little sister was born. | was ten years old, and | was staying in London with my parents. | knew my mother a baby, but | how soon. it would arrive | was really fora girl. It happened when |at a friend’s house. It was her birthday and 0 she a party. My grandmother came to collect me, but when she told me the news I was so excited that Ian down the stairs, and I and broke my arm. | my mother and sister in hospital, and | had to spend the night there with my arm in plaster too. Speaking and writing ELG) Look at the stages for organising a story below. Then identify the four stages in the story in exercise 9, Setting the scene: who? when? what? where? The main sequence of events: what happened? The big event: usually something unexpected. Result: what happened in the end. EBB 2. choose one of the events below. Make notes ‘on what you were doing, where you were living, and what you were hoping for at the time. + someone was born + you received some good news + you received your exam results + something important happened in your country + an important/interesting event in your life 1b Plan the sequence of your story using the four stages in exercise 10 © Work in groups. Take it in turns to talk about your events.Find the odd one out in these phrases. goon (@) strike v (b) holiday v (@ work x You can go to work, but not go on work. 2 make (@)ajob @adiscovery (Qa profit 2 comeinto (@) fashion (6) money (© movement 2 win @ateam — (b) arace © armateh 4 commit (@)acrime ) business (©) suicide 5 develop (@) news (b) an idea (© a product 6 have @ababy —_(b) death (© plastic surgery 7 perform {@)amatch —_(b) asong Oaplay 8 cause —(@)trouble —b) anaccident (©) time 9 break —@aprice (ba record (0 up with someone Which collocations from exercise 1a can you use to describe the photos (A-D)? Which collocations use ‘a’ and which use no article? Make two lists. Onwhich newspaper pages might you find the collocations from ‘exercise 1? Choose from the words and phrases in the box. .g0 on strike, go on holiday = from news and current affairs arts section business section currentaffairs news and gossip science section sports pages Complete the sentences with expressions from exercise 1. Use the correct tense. 1. Yesterday The Rolling Stones _that did the most to make therm famous: Can't Get No Satisfaction. 2 When his father died, Paul Getty bi 3, Marie Curie ___ that changed the world: she found radium. 4 When a food or drinks company takes years to testi ns of dollars, for the international market, it 5. Many ageing celebrities __ in order to look young, but it doesn’t guarantee everlasting beauty! 6 Inthe UK there is a 45 percent possibility that criminals will__after their release from prison. 7 Ice on the roads ___ yesterday, but luckily no one was hurt. Write the name of a famous person who has had plastic surgery. won a race recently. performs songs on TV. committed a crime. causes trouble regularly has broken a record. Work in pairs and compare your answers. Work in pairs. Do you enjoy reading or hearing gossip about famous people? Why/ Why not? Work in groups. Take it in turns to tell your group apiece of gossip about a famous person (you can make it up if you like!). End by giving your opinion on their behaviour. 1 can’t believe anyone could do that! That's a terrible way to behave, don’t you think? 1 feel quite sorry for her. Take it in turns to give your opinion about each piece of gossip. Look at the How to... box on page 24 to help you.describe a film Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 4 Which of the following makes you want to go and see a film? * advertising * who directed it * what your friends say about it * reviews + who is starring init 2 Look at the film posters (A-C). Which film would you prefer to see? Why? Listen to a description of a film. Which film (A-Q ist about? Listen again and complete the notes. Type offilm [it's a___ film. Summary of | t's about___ who buys the house plot where____ as a child. Her son starts to seein the house and then he suddenly, Characters | The main characters are There is also a rather spooky __. Listen to more information about the film in exercise 2 and make notes. Work in pairs and compare. Work in pairs. Choose a well-known film you have both seen and prepare to describe it. Make notes using the headings in exercise 2b. Work with another pair and tell them about your film. Can they guess which film you are describing?2|Reference Defining relative clauses ‘A‘clause’is part of a sentence. A defining relative clause makes it clear who or what we are talking about ina sentence. It gives essential information. The man who lives next door had an accident. Relative clauses begin with relative pronouns: who for people; which for things and animals, and whose for possessions. After place, area, room, etc. we use where. After time, day, year, etc. we use when. We don’t use what as a relative pronoun. The vase that | brake was very expensive, (NOT: The ‘vase-what+ broke-was very expensive) In less formal and spoken English we often use that instead of who or which. The police caught the man that robbed the bank. We can leave out the pronouns who, which or that if they are the object of the relative clause. The film which I saw was called Heroes. The film | saw was called Heroes. The boy who she met was nice. The boy she met was nice. The passive ‘We make the passive with the verb to be + past participle. James Is paid a lot of money. Are you being followed? We were given a new car to drive. ‘She has been told this before. In active sentences, the person (or thing) who does the action comes first. The man kissed the baby. In passive sentences, the person (or thing) affected by the action comes first and is the main focus. The baby was kissed by the man. The person (or thing) who did the ac known of not the main focus. The programme has been shown since 1959. (The focus is on the programme, not who has shown it.) ‘We use by to include the person (or thing) who did the action in a passive sentence. The book was written by Faulks. ‘The passive often sounds ‘impersonal’. Its used in formal English and often in the news. The President was asked to resign. (It isn’t important who asked him to resign) often not, Past Simple and Past Continuous The Past Continuous form: was/were + -ing We use the Past Continuous to talk about what was happening at a particular moment in the past. What were you doing at 10 o'clock last night? We use the Past Simple for complete, finished actions inthe past. When the Past Simple and Past Continuous are used together, the Past Continuous refers to the longer, background action or situation. The Past Simple refers to the shorter action or main event that happened to interrupt it Iwas walking through the park when the storm began. We use the Past Continuous for temporary actions and situations. 1 was living in Barcelona last summer. We use the Past Simple for longer or permanent situations. 1 ived in Berlin for ten years when I was a chil We do not usually use the continuous form with ‘state’ verbs such as like, want, know and understand. Key vocabulary Internet IM (instant messaging) online website Film comedy docu-drama horror film thviller romantic film Television channel commercial digital documentary reality/chat show live presenter producer programme satellite screen soap (television) set viewers Describing films and TV annoying boring entertaining exciting gripping incredible inspiring moving nauseating nonsense unrealistic unwatchable Newspapers arts/business section current afairs gossip hhuman interest story sports pages News collocations. g0.0n strike/on holiday make a discovery/a profit come into fashion/into money win arace/a competition commit a crime/suicide develop an idea/a product have a duty/plastic surgery cause trouble/an accident perform a song/a play break a record/a pro ‘see Writing bank page 1542 Review and practice EB complete the news stories with the active or passive form of the verbs from the box. Change the tense as necessary. You may use some verbs more than once. announce start call discover find kill sell ‘Anew service which will find anyone's mobile phone number has been announced. One thousand people (3) _by a freak storm in South Africa. The storm (2) inthe early hours of the morning. Zac Efron (3) _as the star of anew film, the most expensive ever made. Acure for cancer (_)__. Scientists (5) _ the breakthrough at a conference yesterday. The film director Richard Attenborough (6) ___ much of his art collection after claiming that there was no more room on his walls. Yesterday a three-year-old boy successfully (7) an ambulance after he (8)_that his mother had fallen down the stairs. Aring which once belonged to the opera singer Maria Callas (6) __in an attic. The new owner (10) __itonline, with a reserve price of nearly £100,000. EAB complete the television guide with the relative 7.30 8.00 830 930 10.00 pronouns from the box. in which sentences can. you use that? when where which who whose Brothers in Arms: Marion isa lawyer (1) ___ brother ‘works with ex-criminals, Now he wants Marlon to help him, Has Marlon reached a time in his career (2) he can take a risk? Home Questions:the quiz show (3) _ asks Contestants questions about the place (4) __ they were bom, ‘The Year (5) _ Made History: Roy Johns speaks to the people (6) __ have been in the news this year Guests include Mily Cheiz,a doctor (7) __ anti-cancer treatment is being tested in Australia, and Moses Kerui an athlete (8) __ shocked the world when he broke four athletics records in one year News Restaurant: follows the progress of two restaurants (9) ____ famous chefs have visited.They both opened last year ~ one in Clydehead, a town (10) _ there is 60 percent unemployment, and one in Tindell a city (11) the rich are happy to pay €350 for dinner Frighe Kids: comedy horror fim about a woman (12) __ has tins EBB choose the correct words in italics. 1 10 1 was/was being at school when | started/ was starting learning French. We watched) were watching TV when we heard] were hearing about the accident. ‘A: What did you do were you doing this time yesterday? 8: | read/was reading a novel. When | last saw/was seeing my sister, she looked was looking for a fiat in Madri | crashed/was crashing into the car because | wasn't looking where | went/was going. A: Did they win/ Were they winning when you left the match? 8: No. They lost/were losing 2 ~1, but there were still twenty minutes left. While | studied/was studying yesterday | found] was finding this great website. ‘A: Did you see/ Were you seeing our new boss at the conference? B: Yes. He wore/was wearing a white suit. Didn't you notice/ Weren't you noticing him? ‘A; What did you do were you doing under the table? 8: just looked/was just looking for something | dropped. ‘Tm quite good at acting because | studied was studying drama at university. GMB complete the sentences with suitable words or phrases from the unit. a Did you read about the play? It was in the section of the paper. {saw an interesting __about Ancient Egypt on TV yesterday. ‘'m sure that actor's had_. He looks twenty years younger! Which ____of the paper do you read? | ike the sports pages. The company made a___of €50,000 this year. Speeding drivers cause a lot of ‘Asafa Powell broke the __ for the 100 metres. He ran itin 9.77 seconds. There’s an___ about immigration in the newspaper today. Platform shoes are back! The shoes from the 70s have ___fashion once agai ‘American actor Anne Hathaway is going to__ fon the London stage in @ new play by John Miller. ‘My husband threw his shoe at the television and broke the __ into a thousand pieces. The ____ announced the winner of the game show.EBB a what does home mean to you? Write notes about your favourite rooms, smells, views, special objects and your feelings about home. (Ve) oTAYSOsT 1b Work in groups and compare your answers. AB a. Decide in which section of the table (A, B, Cor D) the words and phrases in the box belong. anapartment acellar acommercialdistrict fireplace a garden agarage agate aparkanda playground astudio flat the suburbs House ‘Area/neighbourhood ATlive in Cilivein.. a (semi) detached/terraced house _|a residential area ablock of flats a cottage the centre/outskirts of town B it’s got. Diit's got... alift anattic abalcony lots of green spaces agood view high ceilings adrive | shops and restaurants jwooden floors stairs cinemas and theatres ‘b Make alist of any other words you know for each section of the table. EBB a Work in pairs. Take it in tums to describe the houses inthe photos using the expressions fom exercise 22. b Describe the place where you live. Hive in a block of flats. Its quite modern. It has a[rte complain Look at the photos. Try to match the outside of the properties (A-8) tothe insides (2-2). How are they similar to, or diferent from where you live? Read the texts below and match the property descriptions with the photos. Were your answers to exercise 1 correct? Yourhome + Myhome Lota Bright and comfortable apartment inthe centre of Sevil, ina quit stvet withno heavy trafic around infact, the only noise You Con hear during the day isthe bells of the cathedral nearby. ‘The apartment is decorated in a very traditional Sevilian style, with plenty of plats and sunlight. Te property ison the third! floor {there is lit) and covers an area of 60 square meters. There are two bedrooms, one with a single bed and one with a double bed. ‘The apartment has recently been completely refurbished and opens onto the balcony witha beautiful view ofthe cathedral The area “The apartment sin the historical centre of Seville. tis a very, beautiful area, with narrow busting strets and litle gardens behind iron gates. There are plenty of local bars and restaurants serving ‘tapas’ (typical Spanish dishes) oa afternoon tea! The area pe museums, shy Festaurans you could wish for!” noPetheates andEBB a Read the property descriptions again and write property 1 or property 2 next to each question. Which property . 4. ismear the centre of the city? 2. has outside space? 3 has more than one bathroom? 4. is near public transport? 5. isnear places where children can play? 6 hasabalcony? 7 has been redecorated? 1b Work in pairs. Which of the two properties would you prefer to live in for a month? Why? Listening The Armitage family The Dos Santes family GBB a © & Listen to two couples talk about their plans for a home exchange. Write D (Dos Santos) or A (Armitage) next to the activities they mention. 1 visit museums 4 go shopping 2. see cathedrals 5 visit friends 3 enjoy the local cuisine 6 go tothe beach D Look at the extracts from the listening. Then listen again and choose the correct words in italics. Miriam: we (1) ‘lspend‘re spending more than one month in London. We've never been there before. Mi ‘And I'm (2) going to do/doing lots and lots of shopping. Great. There are some wonderful shops in London. | (3) "ti givel'm giving you the address of a great shoe shop. Interviewer: Jeremy: Spain has such a rich culture .. We (@) M1.go/"re going to see the cathedrals. Jeremy: We're 5) going to try/trying all the local dishes. Jeremy: We (6) won't/aren’t going to go to McDonald's, Forget Grammar | future plans ERB Maten the sentences (1-6) in exercise 4b with the rules (A-C) in the Active grammar box. Active grammar We can use the Present Continuous, be going to or will to talk about future plans. ‘A We use be going to to talk about something you've decided to do. e.g, sentences 8 We use will fora decision made at the time of speaking, or an offer. e.g, sentences C We use the Present Continuous to talk about arrangements (plans that you have already organised, i.e. you have arranged the dates). i e.g. sentence see Reference page 47 GBB complete the texts with words and phrases from the box. is going to (2) Ye going to (x2) moving _'m starting (2) Sarah and Jeremy 10 a new job in June and its in Oxford, so we (2) need to move house. Weld like to buy somewhere in the countryside, so we o to look at some ofthe small villages outside the city. Jeremy says he (4) take a day off next week to go and look. ‘Miriam and Carlos My mother (6) in with us next year, because she's old and doesn’t want to stay on her own. She (6) to sell her house. Carlos Isn't too happy about this plan, but he says he (@)____ put up with it to please me. it () _______be great because I'l have some help looking after the baby. eaeSpeaking ‘@ Imagine you are going to live abroad for a ‘month, Decide on ten things you will need to do before you go. get a passport, buy some suntan lotion 1b Work in pairs. Try to guess what is on your partners list by asking questions. ‘As Are you going to get a passport? B: No, I've already got one. ‘© When you have guessed all you can, look at ‘your partners list and offer to help them. 1'U get you some suntan lotion, 'm going into town later. EBB a Write three or four questions to ask other students about their plans for. + theireducation/careet,» theirnext holiday * their (family’s) future. * this evening. ‘© their home. © this weekend. 1b In groups, ask and answer the questions about your future plans. ‘A: Katia, what are you planning for the weekend? B: I'm going to visit my aunt. She's having a party to celebrate her. - Look at the pictures of the Armitage and Dos Santos families during their home exchange. What do you think the problems were? ED a. © >: Listen to interviews with Miriam and Jeremy and check your ideas for exercise 9. B Listen again and make notes, List four problems Miriam and Jeremy each had. © © s22 Listen to Miriam phoning the company to complain, Answer the questions. Howe long did it take to get to the centre? What was wrong with the bathroom? Why was the house in such a mess? What did Miriam have to buy and why? What was the problem with the heating and hot water? 6 What compensation did the representative offer Misia? EBB 100k at the How to... box. Listen again and write ‘M next to the phrases Miriam says and R next to those the company representative says. How to... complain politely + Idon't tke to complain, but 1'm sorry, but .. 1'm sorry but it just isn’t good enough. Stating a complaint Disagreeing. Welt politely actually. ‘Asking for: Fd like you to... ‘what you want : j think you should ‘Apologising/ * im sorry to hear that. sympathising © we must apologise about/for that. £ 1:do apologise forthe $ inconvenience. Speaking EBD a Look at your notes from exercise ob. What four problems did Jeremy's family have? What compensation do you think he should ask for? 1b Work in pairs. Student A: You are Jeremy, Ring the company to Complain and say what you would like them to do about the problems. Student B: You are the company representative, Talk to Jeremy, try to explain and apologise.Reading EB 8 0s Listen to some sounds. Are you in the city fr the country? Tick (V) the sounds in the box you hear. bees buzzing _birdsong carhors engines people talking sirens waves crashing 1b Think about where you live. What sounds can you hear .. ‘in the morning? ‘inthe evening? ‘inthe afternoon? at night? © Do you enjoy these sounds? Work in pairs and ‘compare your answers. GMB 2 Oo isten and read the poem. Match the photos (A-D) with the verses (1-4). 1b What can the poet hear and see in each verse? Does he enjoy the sounds and sights ofthe city? EBB a What examples can you find in the poem of words which rhyme? sputters ~ gutters 1b Some words, such as bang, crash, pop, click sound Uke the sound they describe. What examples of words like this can you find in the poem? swish ‘© What examples can you find of words close together which begin with the same sound? swish ~ swash pulse - people GBB Work in pairs. Do you enjoy City life, or do you prefer a smaller town or the country? Why? comparatives and superlatives (GUE compare cites 1 Inthe city {live in city love mornings wake to ‘wishes, swashes, sputters of sweepers swooshing litter from gutters 2 Inthe city = (live in city | love - afternoons pulse with people hurying, scurrying races of faces pacing to must-getthere places. 3 Inthe city oes Hive in = ccity | love - nights shimmer with lights | ‘competing with stars above unknown heights. “4 4 Inthe city [ive in - city | love — as dreams start to creep my city | of senses lulls me to sleep. ( Glossary swish (noun) ~ the sound of something moving quickly and quietly through the ar swash (noun) ~ the sound of water hing a surface sputter (noun) ~ a noise ikea small explosion sswoosh (verb) ~ making the sound of air or water moving quickly scurrying (verb) ~ moving quick with shor steps pacing (verb) ~ walking wit regular steps shimmer (verb) ~ to shine with a soft ight lull (Verb) - to make someone fel calm and ready to sleepives desc Vocabulary | adje places ing EBB 2 Look at the adjectives in the box. Find pairs of words that mean the opposite. bustling clean dull enormous friendly lively modern picturesque polluted quiet tiny touristy traditional ugly unspoilt unwelcoming, unspoilt touristy 1b Think of town or city for each adjective, Tokyo is enormous. Listening GHB a © o> Listen to Heather talking about Kyoto in Japan. Which of the adjectives in exercise 5a does she use? Bb Listen again. Which of these things did she like or not like about Kyoto? old buildings» shops = temples * people restaurants * nightlife + climate @ Write a list of what you think makes a city good or bad to live in. Good: beautiful views Bad: dirty 1b Work in pairs and compare your lists. Which cities do you think are good to live in? Reading EBB Read the article on page 41. Does it mention any of the cities you thought of in exercise 7? GIBB Read the article again and find which city or cities .. 4 has/have avery old university. 2- is/are good for skiing. 3. has/have avery good subway system. 4 has/have thirty-seven beaches. 5 is/are quite polluted. 6 has/have a series of gardens round the old city 7. has/have beaches within easy reach. Work in pars. Would you ever move to these cities? Why/Why not?Fed up with where you're living, or just fancy a change? We take a look at some of the best cities in the world to live in. So, why not move to .. Sign has oe ofthe most atractesetngs of any ty in the wort, cle by snom- topped mountains. Unfortunately, the mountains hol in the pollution, o isn't one ofthe wots cleanest iis. Despite tha, fe expectancy i higher than the global average and the ‘ual of ie is very good. ‘The city is fast becoming a major economic centre, with one of the most efficient subway systems nthe world. It also has a ively ats scene and leafy urban parks. Outside the city, an hour wil take you to the mountains, for skin, hiking or snowoarding, o to the coast for surfing or scuba diving. IF you're an outdoors a ‘you won' find anywhere better to ve than Sinay. Hot summers and mild winters mean that yu can be outside most of the time, swimming or surfing at the city’s thirty-seven beaches, waking in the bush . the lst is endess. Sydney was aso recently voted the friendliest cy in the wold, tis the world’s teenth most expensive city, ‘though, so you'd batter be prepared to work hard as wel as playhard ery Vancouver has been named the world's mos iveable city on several occasions over the last decade, though the weather isnot as good asin some cite, is atleast very mid. The ct is clean and, pernaps most important, is very beautiful. The cy lies withthe Strait of Georgia on one side and the Coast Mountains onthe other, providing some ofthe finest sking in the word. Vancouver has a reputation for being more relaxed than other cities and, certain, the Vanoouveits fave the longest ifespans of any cy in Canada, with an average Ife expectancy of 81.1 years. Eee aed ‘with more than forty public parks, Krakow is one of Europe's leafiest cities. Perhaps the ‘most famous park, the Panty, isa collection of about hit gardens wnich go all the way around the Old Town. Krakow also has one of the best preserved medieval city centres in Europe, with churches around every comer and the second oldest university in Central Europe Iso offers hundreds of restaurants and bars, hidden away in narrow streets and collars. tis also sunnier than you might imagine with average temperatures of 24 degrees in summer, Grammar | comparatives and superlatives Match the rules (A-N) in the Active grammar box with the underlined examples in the article. Active grammar ‘Comparatives _ : Superlatives One-syllable Ax-erthan | F + the-est adjectives Two (or more) syllable : B more+ Gthe most + adjectives S_adjective+ than : adjective Tworsyllable Cremove-yand : Hthe-iest adjectives ending in -y | add-ierthan Imegular adjectives:

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