Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section

Department of Pakistan Studies [Session 2020- 2021]

The Environment of Pakistan 0448/2

TOPIC: Chapter 4 - Forests

NAME: ____________________________ CLASS: Y 8 - _____ DATE: _____________

Candidates should be able to:

Understand the different types of forest and identify, on a map, their main

locations

Understand the physical factors that control the distribution of the different

types of forest, and the human factors which have reduced their extent

Understand the reasons for:

The development of plantations in the Indus Plain

Afforestation on mountain slopes and plateaux

Understand the value of forests as a resource for development, and the

importance of their sustainability

Explain the effects of deforestation, such as soil erosion, silting and flooding

evaluate possible solutions to the problems caused by deforestation.

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 Glossary

Forest Extensive and continuous areas of land dominated by trees.

Productive forests Mainly natural forests with great commercial value.

Mainly planted by the people and usually linear with less commercial
Protection forests
value.

Deforestation Cutting down of trees

Process of planting trees in a barren land which is devoid of vegetation

Process of planting trees in a forest which has decreasing number of

Steps are cut into steep hillside and the front of each flat terrace is edge
Terracing with mud or stone to hold back the soil and water. This is used in
mountainous areas.

This is a method in which crops are planted parallel or along the

This is the farming in which two or more crops are grown in the same
Strip farming
field. One crop can be gown under the shelter of a taller crops.

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 Section B

Worksheets

C.W

Worksheet#1 Date: _____ - _____ - _____

Instructions to attempt questions:

• There will be one paragraph with 4 facts for 4-mark answer. It should be
completed in 4 minutes. Describe term, themes or aspects of Geography using
precise and accurate details and give examples. Avoid generalized statements.
• 2 marks answers should have at least 2 different points similarly for 1 mark
write one point at least with examples.

1: (a) (i) How much of the total area of a country should be forested? [1]

Ans: 20-30 %

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(ii) What is the difference between terracing and contour ploughing? [2]

Ans: In terracing the steps are cut into steep hillsides and the front of each flat terrace is
edged with mud or stone walls known as bunds while in cotour ploughing the crops are
planted parallel to the contours on the sides of the hill.

(iii) Name an area in Pakistan where terracing and contour ploughing is practiced. [1]

Ans: Northern area ( Swat, Kalaam, )

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(iv).Describe two functions of forests. [2]

Ans: Forests are source of timber for the wood based industries like Furniture and paper
industries. Forests are also important as they provide natural habitat for the animals.

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(b)(i) Why are the coniferous forests usually found in mountainous areas? [2]

Ans: The coniferous forests are found in the mountainous areas because these forests need
cold temperature and high amount of rainfall.

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(ii) Write some uses of the coniferous forests? [4]

Ans: The coniferous forests provide timber for wood based industries. They provide shelter
for wild animals. The coniferous forests increases the scenic beauty of the area and attract
tourists from within the country and outside country. It also protect the land against the soil
erosion and land sliding.

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(c)(i) What are the reasons of deforestation in the northern areas? [3]

Ans: People cutting the forests for the fuel purposes because there is no natural gas. It can
be cut because of the construction of road and mining activities. The northern areas are
having coniferous forests and these are important for wood based industries so, people cut
these forests to feed industries.

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(ii) How can deforestation destroy the landscape of the northern areas? [2]

Ans: It destroys the land by turning it into a desert. It also destroy the scenic beauty of the
area.

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Q1 d .Describe two natural characteristics of mangrove forests. [2]

Ans: The two natural characteristics of the mangrove forests are that it filters maximum salt
while absorbing water from sea because of its special quality of roots. Some mangrove

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species have gnarled and knobbly “Knees” that protrude above the surface of the salty mud
in which the tree grows.

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(d) Read the following statements carefully.

A B
There should be more irrigated The limited land of the Indus plain
plantation in the Indus plain to should be used for agriculture,
provide environmental protection settlements, Industries and
and generate employment. commercial activities.

Which statement do you agree with more? Give reasons for your answer and refer to the
places or examples you have studied in Pakistan to support your answer. [6]

OPEN ENDED

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 C.W

Worksheet#2 Date: _____ - _____ - _____

1: (a)(i)
Study the
given Fig. a
map

showing forest types in Pakistan.

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(i) Name the forest types shown at A, B and C: [3]

A Coniferous

B Sub Tropical

C Tropical

(ii) Using the given Fig., name two areas in Pakistan where mangroves grow. [2]

Ans: Sindh Coastal area and Makran Coastal areas.

b (i).Define afforestation and describe the main objectives of afforestation project [4]

And: Afforestation is the planting of trees and the main objectives of afforestation projects
are;

To protect the land against the soil erosion and desertification

To increase the scenic beauty of the area

To give fresh oxygen and decreases the pollution in the area

T stop the surface runoff and soil conservation

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(ii) Suggest three physical factors which determine the type and density of forests. [3]

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Ans: The three factors which determine the type and density of forests are

Altitude, aridity and precipitation.

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(iii) Write down the ways through which the forest management makes forestry more
Sustainable? [3]

Ans: There are many ways that the forests management make forestry more sustainable.
The forest department should implement strict policies the illegal cutting of the forests.
Selective methods of cutting should be adopted and unnecessary cutting should be stopped.
Parallel afforestation projects should be started where deforestation is done construction
and mining activities.

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(c)(i) Study the given Fig., which shows a coniferous tree.

Explain how this type of tree has adapted to the climatic conditions it grows in. You should
develop your answer. [4]

pg. 10
Ans: page# 75 of the text book.

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(d) Around 5 per cent of the land area of Pakistan is forested. To meet sustainable
development targets the amount of land covered by forest needs to increase to 25 per cent
by 2030. Read the following two views about possible uses of land in Pakistan:

A B
Increased forest cover is an There are more important uses of
important use of land for the future land for the future development of
development of Pakistan. Pakistan than increased forest
cover.

Which statement do you agree with more? Give reasons for your answer and refer to the
places or examples you have studied in Pakistan to support your answer. [6]

OPEN ENDED

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