MANAGEMENT 11TH EDITION GRIFFIN TEST BANK

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Chapter 6--The Multicultural Environment

Student: ___________________________________________________________________________

1. A unique set of issues involving social culture can arises within the boundaries of an organization only when
there is multiculturalism.
True False

2. Political differences in a group can lead to multiculturalism but not diversity.

True False

3. Effective managers control cultural forces to minimize the effect on organizations.

True False

4. Organizations must hire and promote people today solely on the basis of their qualifications.
True False

5. As employees and managers move from assignment to assignment across national boundaries, organizations
and their subsidiaries within each country thus become less diverse and multicultural.
True False
6. By hiring the most qualified individual for the job, diversity in the workplace can be increased.
True False

7. The percentage of the population over 65 is growing at the fastest rate in China because the one child per
couple law is decreasing the birthrate.
True False

8. Ginger has been with XYZ Products for over 30 years and has no intention of retiring. This is good for XYZ
because the experience Ginger has is valuable to the company, and her costs to the company in terms of benefits
continue to decrease the longer she stays with the firm.
True False

9. The glass ceiling applies to all minorities.

True False

10. The minority group that is expected to have the highest growth rate in terms of workplace representation in
the next few years is Latinos.
True False

11. It is not just people born with disabilities who need assistive technology. More and more, technology is
assisting people who acquire disabilities later in life.
True False

12. Immigration into the United States is at its lowest rate since 1910.
True False

13. The cost argument suggests that organizations with diverse workforces are generally more innovative than
other organizations.
True False

14. An organization that follows the Equal Employment Opportunity law will not have problems or conflicts
with diversity.
True False
15. Sexual harassment is unethical, but legal.
True False

16. Treating everyone the same is the only fair way to manage.
True False

17. Empathy makes managers too concerned with people and not enough with tasks.
True False

18. Organization policies are a starting point for how people are treated by the organization, but they don't give
the whole picture.
True False

19. Maria gets upset when Raj takes off every Hindu holiday, especially when he has to miss important
meetings. If she had her way, he would be allowed to take only national holidays. Maria is showing a
willingness to communicate with Raj about diversity.
True False

20. As long as managers provide adequate communication to their employees, diversity should flourish.
True False

21. Problems that arise from diversity should not be handled with policies, but rather on an individual basis.
True False

22. Diversity training can help employees who have received an overseas assignment get ready to live in a
different culture.
True False

23. Multicultural organizations have achieved high levels of diversity upon which they can capitalize, and they
have few problems arising from this diversity.
True False
24. Every group in a pluralistic organization tries to understand one another.
True False

25. When an organization's composition reflects that of the external labor market, full structural integration has
occurred.
True False

26. People enter and exit the lunch groups, social networks, and grapevine at Chelsea Community Hospital. It
has pluralism.
True False

27. ____ is the set of values that helps its members understand what the organization considers important.
A. Environmental uncertainty
B. Organization structure
C. Organization design
D. Organization culture
E. Environmental responsiveness

28. ____ is defined as the broad issues associated with differences in values, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and
attitudes held by people in different cultures.
A. Diversity
B. Multiculturalism
C. Organization culture
D. Global culture
E. The cultural environment

29. Diversity
A. is an absolute phenomenon.
B. can be defined in terms of a single dimension.
C. can be conceptualized as a continuum.
D. is a hypothetical concept.
E. is not important in most organizations.
30. Diversity is more generally used to refer to
A. demographic differences among people within a culture.
B. cultural differences in the various regions of the United States.
C. psychographic differences among people, such as enjoying different hobbies.
D. all geographic, psychographic, and demographic differences.
E. differences in work ethics among people within an organization.

31. Companies with federal government contracts must have a workforce that represents the demographics of
their specific regions. This is an example of how ____ has(have) affected diversity.
A. demographics
B. monoculturalism
C. globalization
D. legislation
E. organization culture

32. When a group's members differ from each other by ethnicity they have
A. a cultural environment.
B. multiculturalism.
C. organization culture.
D. global culture.
E. diversity.

33. Which of the following statements about the nature of an organization is TRUE?
A. An organization's culture is unrelated to its diversity because diversity is typically legally mandated.
B. Significant multiculturalism exists no matter what type of organization culture exists.
C. Total diversity is more likely to exist than no diversity.
D. Diversity within an organization should be conceptualized as a continuum.
E. An organization's diversity is unrelated to its social culture.

34. Which of the following statements about organization culture is TRUE?

A. Culture determines the feel of an organization.
B. Organization culture is the foundation of the internal environment of an organization.
C. Organization culture defies objective measurement or observation.
D. Companies that have a strong culture tend to be more effective than companies that have a weak culture.
E. All of these choices
35. Which of the following does NOT typically shape an organization culture?
A. Past successes
B. The organization design
C. The history of the organization
D. Shared experiences
E. Symbols, stories, and slogans

36. Which of the following describes a determinant of organization culture?

A. The story of how the founder of the company mixed cosmetics at her kitchen table
B. Its slogan, "We are what every woman desires."
C. The memory of when the company was merged with another cosmetics manufacturer
D. Its success in developing and marketing a line of hypoallergenic cosmetics
E. All of these choices

37. Which of the following is NOT a method managers can use to change organization culture?
A. Reward people who behave in a manner consistent with the existing culture
B. Adopt new slogans
C. Hire outsiders into management positions
D. Stage new ceremonies
E. Break with tradition and host an annual awards banquet

38. Which of the following is NOT a reason for rising diversity?

A. Changing demographics
B. Globalization
C. Legislative and judicial decisions in the United States
D. International travel
E. Competition to get a quality workforce

39. San Francisco County, California, is the most diverse county in the nation because people of different
nationalities have long been attracted to the area. The proportions of major ethnic groups are closer to being
equal than anywhere else. Which of the following factors most contributed to the diversity of this county?
A. Changing demographics
B. Globalization
C. Legislation
D. Downsizing
E. Desire to improve quality of workforce
40. Princeton Alliance Church attendance appears to be 30% white, 30% Asian, 25% black and 15% Latino.
The congregation is
A. diverse.
B. heterogeneous.
C. homogeneous.
D. diverse on the basis of political ideology.
E. using a poor recruitment system.

41. Over the past ten years, more than 50 percent of the promotions to partner at the law firm of Smithers and
Johnson have been given to women. This trend could be explained by
A. the firm's realization that women would improve the quality of the legal service provided by the firm.
B. affirmative action legislation.
C. an increase in the number of female lawyers graduating from law school.
D. the increased number of women in the labor force.
E. All of these choices

42. There are many reasons the median age of workers in the United States is increasing. Which of the
following is NOT one of them?
A. Aging baby boomers
B. Declining birthrates
C. Improved health care
D. Younger workers attending college
E. Higher legal limits for mandatory retirement

43. The growth of multinational corporations has left little room for distinction. Any perceived competitive
advantage is quickly copied. However, an area for competitive advantage remains in the level of ____
organizations attract, motivate, and retain.
A. human resources
B. talent
C. ethnicity
D. demographics
E. pluralism

44. Which of the following is NOT a dimension of diversity?

A. Obesity
B. Dietary preferences
C. Single parent
D. Astrological sign
E. Dual-career couples
45. Which of the following statements most accurately describes the average age of the American workforce?
A. It is much younger than it was 20 years ago.
B. It is much younger than Japan's workforce.
C. There are equal numbers of workers in each age category.
D. It is increasing.
E. It is not influenced by baby boomers.

46. The overall age of the workforce is growing older because

A. the number of workers retiring early is increasing.
B. the proportion of high school students going to college before entering the workforce is increasing.
C. unemployed workers are waiting until the economy improves to reenter the workforce.
D. employers have become more cautious about hiring older workers.
E. the number of new entrants into the workforce is decreasing, and the baby boomers are moving into the over-
45 age range.

47. Which of the following is NOT listed as a reason for the increase in the age of the American workforce?
A. The baby-boom generation
B. Fewer children being born to the baby-boom generation
C. Better medical care
D. Globalization
E. Insufficient savings

48. Which of the following statements does NOT describe one of the results of the declining pool of younger
workers?
A. A greater number of older workers mean that a company's workforce will be less stable.
B. Productivity should increase since older workers make greater contributions to productivity.
C. Insurance and medical costs to organizations are likely to increase.
D. Obtaining new workers will be increasingly difficult.
E. There will be fewer potential entrants into the labor force.

49. Which of the following statements is NOT a reason why managers should pay attention to the aging
workforce?
A. Older workers tend to be more stable, leaving their organizations less frequently.
B. Older workers have more experience that could be of value to the organization.
C. Older workers may make greater contributions to their organization's productivity.
D. Older workers may need additional insurance and medical benefits.
E. Older workers are less able to learn new skills and adapt more slowly to new technology.
50. A gender-related problem that many organizations face today is called
A. the macho syndrome.
B. Mars and Venus.
C. the glass ceiling.
D. "the good old boy" network.
E. None of these choices

51. Debra Lee was COO at Black Entertainment Television before she became CEO. However, only 1% of
black female executives reach top management. What are many of them experiencing?
A. Limited promotion mentality
B. Lack of organizational fit
C. Lack of skills needed for advancement
D. Glass ceiling
E. Closed door policy

52. One cause of the glass ceiling is that

A. women have fewer managerial skills than men.
B. women do not seek to be promoted.
C. women do not possess the qualifications for higher positions.
D. men are less likely to recognize and appreciate the contributions and qualifications of women as potential top
executives.
E. there are more qualified women than men in the workforce.

53. Which of the following ethnic groups is expected to experience a drop in the percentage of workers in the
workforce by the year 2025?
A. Hispanics
B. Asian Americans
C. African Americans
D. Whites
E. Native Americans

54. The biggest predicted change with respect to ethnicity will be for
A. whites and Hispanics.
B. whites and Asian Americans.
C. whites and African Americans.
D. Hispanics and Asian Americans.
E. African Americans and Hispanics.
55. Members of the ____ group are generally overrepresented in the executive ranks of most organizations
today.
A. African American
B. Latino
C. Asian
D. White male
E. Female

56. Which of the following is NOT an argument that has been proposed for how multiculturalism contributes to
competitiveness?
A. Cost argument
B. Management argument
C. Marketing argument
D. Problem-solving argument
E. Systems flexibility argument

57. When an organization effectively manages diversity, absenteeism decreases, turnover is reduced, and
productivity increases. These results are suggested by the ____ argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. problem-solving

58. Which of the following statements about the cost argument for diversity is TRUE?
A. Organizations that manage diversity and multiculturalism effectively are better able to attract qualified
employees from women and minorities.
B. A manager can reduce employee absenteeism and turnover by learning how to manage diversity and
multiculturalism.
C. Diversity and multiculturalism are accompanied by an increased pool of information.
D. Organizations with diversity and multiculturalism are generally more creative and innovative than other
organizations.
E. Organizations with diversity and multiculturalism are better able to understand different market segments
than are less diverse organizations.

59. PepsiCo consistently ranks as a great place for minorities to work. PepsiCo is thus better able to attract
qualified employees. This illustrates the ____ argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. problem-solving
60. Which of the following statements about the resource acquisition argument for diversity is TRUE?
A. Organizations that manage diversity and multiculturalism effectively are better able to attract qualified
employees from women and minorities.
B. A manager can reduce employee absenteeism and turnover by learning how to manage diversity and
multiculturalism.
C. Diversity and multiculturalism are accompanied by an increased pool of information.
D. Organizations with diversity and multiculturalism are generally more creative and innovative than other
organizations.
E. Organizations with diversity and multiculturalism are better able to understand different market segments
than are less diverse organizations.

61. The makers of Zestra, an ointment for women, used an all male marketing team. Sales were disappointing
and the company filed for Chapter 11. Two women arranged financing and bought the company, changed the
name, packaging, and message. Semprae is now selling well. This illustrates the ____ argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. creativity

62. Working Mother magazine recognized General Mills as one of the top ten companies for working families.
General Mills was described as a leader in responding to employee needs for child care, flexible scheduling, and
women's advancement. You can infer that General Mills agrees with the ____ argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. All of these choices

63. Which of the following statements about the marketing argument for diversity is TRUE?
A. Organizations that manage diversity and multiculturalism effectively are better able to attract qualified
employees from women and minorities.
B. A manager can reduce employee absenteeism and turnover by learning how to manage diversity and
multiculturalism.
C. Diversity and multiculturalism are accompanied by an increased pool of information.
D. Organizations with diversity and multiculturalism are generally more creative and innovative than other
organizations.
E. Organizations with diversity and multiculturalism are better able to understand different market segments
than are less diverse organizations.
64. The ____ argument for diversity suggests that diverse and multicultural workforces are generally more
innovative than other organizations.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. creativity

65. Which of the following arguments for diversity are related?

A. Cost and resource acquisition
B. Problem solving and marketing
C. Marketing and cost
D. Systems flexibility and cost
E. Problem solving and creativity

66. A change in the demographics around Detroit prompted a real estate company to hire agents that more
closely reflected the buying market. In doing so the entire office became more flexible and able to adapt to its
changing environment. This is an example of the ____ argument for diversity.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. financing
E. creativity

67. Eric, an American, is an executive coach at Boeing. One of the executives he coaches is from India. Their
diverse backgrounds add variety and create more solutions for management challenges. This illustrates the ____
argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. problem solving

68. Historically African Americans have voted more for Democrats than for Republicans. Michael Steele,
Chairman of the Republican National Committee, is African American. As the leader of the party he is in a
position to address concerns of all segments of the population. This illustrates the ____ argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. creativity
69. Which of the following statements regarding diversity in organizations is FALSE?
A. Diverse groups may generate significantly more productivity than homogeneous groups.
B. Organizations that manage diversity well may attract a better-qualified set of job applicants.
C. Heterogeneous groups tend to be more cohesive than homogeneous groups.
D. Organizations with diverse workforces are better able to understand different market segments.
E. Diverse organizations have a larger pool of information for problem-solving purposes.

70. Suranga Chandratillake started Blinkx, an Internet video search company. He created Blinkx to be flexible
and ready to respond to environmental change. The diverse culture at Blinkx supports this need. Suranga
subscribes to the ____ argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. creativity

71. The ____ argument supports the idea that if managers work effectively with a diverse group the
organization as a whole will respond more effectively to its changing environment.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. creativity

72. Lynne is an extrovert. Kyle is an introvert. Lynne has been trying to "bring Kyle out of his shell." Kyle is
happy the way he is and wishes Lynne would demonstrate more ____ for others.
A. conflict
B. empathy
C. entropy
D. pluralism
E. monoculturalism

73. The election of President Obama, the first African American president, shows that personal ____ is(are)
decreasing among people today.
A. bias and prejudices
B. tolerance
C. empathy
D. entropy
E. synergy
74. Paula is an American working in a German company. She gets frustrated with the German tendency to
really analyze decisions. The company has been very successful for over 100 years, so Paula is practicing
A. conflict resolution.
B. tolerance.
C. empathy.
D. entropy.
E. synergy.

75. The staff at Nassau Swim Club is supportive of each other. When the work schedule comes out they swap
with each other and volunteer to take shifts that help others observe their religious practices. They demonstrate
____.
A. understanding
B. a willingness to communicate
C. tolerance
D. empathy
E. management skills

76. Which of the following statements does NOT describe a reason why interpersonal communication can be
difficult in a diverse workforce?
A. Employees with different backgrounds may encode and decode messages similarly.
B. Words may have different meanings in different cultures.
C. Words may have different meanings to younger workers than to older workers.
D. Workers may speak a different language than their supervisor.
E. Symbols of respect may differ from generation to generation.

77. Which of the following practices indicates an organization that does NOT value diversity?
A. The benefits packages are tailored to individual needs.
B. Work hours are flexible.
C. Committee assignments are diverse.
D. Multicultural training is provided.
E. Policies and procedures follow the letter of the EEO law.

78. The starting point for managing diversity in an organization is

A. diversity training.
B. organizational policies.
C. federally sponsored affirmative action programs.
D. selective recruitment.
E. the development of supportive organization culture.
79. Which of the following is NOT a strategy for managing diversity?
A. Organizational policies
B. Diversity training
C. Selective recruitment
D. Supportive organization culture
E. Organizational practices

80. Which of the following is an organizational approach used to manage diversity?

A. Providing managers and employees with diversity training
B. Developing a supportive organization culture
C. Having mentoring programs for women and minorities
D. Creating a diversity task force
E. All of these choices

81. The major policy through which an organization can reflect its stance on diversity is its
A. recruitment procedures.
B. promotional patterns.
C. organizational chart.
D. mission statement.
E. rules and regulations.

82. Prospective employees searching for openings at Merrill Lynch can click to see Merrill Lynch's Equal
Employment Opportunity statement. This is an example of which of the organizational approaches to managing
diversity?
A. Organizational policies
B. Diversity training
C. Selective recruitment
D. Development of a supportive organization culture
E. Organizational practices

83. Schools in New Jersey are closed on Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Christmas, and Easter among other
holidays. This is an example of which of the organizational approaches to managing diversity?
A. Organizational policies
B. Diversity training
C. Selective recruitment
D. Development of a supportive organization culture
E. Organizational practices
84. Princeton High School requires all written information sent to parents to be in English and Spanish. This is
____ that organizations can use to demonstrate understanding of the different needs of stakeholders.
A. an organizational policy
B. diversity training
C. selective recruitment
D. a supportive organization culture
E. an organizational practice

85. Organizational practices used to manage diversity include

A. flexible working hours.
B. job sharing.
C. accommodating benefit packages.
D. multicultural work teams.
E. All of these choices

86. At a meeting last week, Steve had to pretend he was a woman during a group discussion. This was probably
part of which of the following?
A. OJT
B. Diversity training
C. Cross-cultural training
D. Organization culture modification
E. Designing new organizational practices

87. Jill, a helicopter pilot in the Army, went on a training flight with Marine pilots who had never flown with a
woman before. The Marines were visibly uncomfortable. Jill explained to them that even in the Army most of
her flights were with men, and those men did not treat her differently. Jill demonstrated ____ in order to put the
men at ease.
A. a willingness to communicate
B. diversity training
C. cross-cultural training
D. organization culture modification
E. designing new organizational practices

88. Holiday Casinos provides foreign-language training for employees who will come into contact with casino
patrons who speak a language other than English. This is an example of
A. organizational policies.
B. organizational practices.
C. selective recruitment.
D. diversity training.
E. developing a supportive organization culture.
89. The ultimate test of an organization's commitment to managing diversity and multiculturalism is its
A. organization chart.
B. employee recruitment and selection process.
C. organization culture.
D. employee absenteeism and turnover.
E. organization design.

90. An organization that has achieved high levels of diversity with few problems and that can capitalize on the
advantages of being diverse is called a(n) ____ organization.
A. global
B. heterogeneous
C. multicultural
D. paternalistic
E. ethnocentric

91. ____ is NOT a characteristic of a truly multicultural organization.

A. Pluralism
B. Isolation of informal networks
C. Full structural integration
D. Absence of prejudice
E. A low level of intergroup conflict

92. Pluralism means that

A. the organization shares a common culture.
B. the organization's employees speak more than one language.
C. the organization culture encourages diversity.
D. every ethnicity is represented in the workforce.
E. every group represented in the organization works to better understand every other group.

93. When every individual has the opportunity to influence the organization's culture and norms, ____ has
occurred.
A. full structural integration
B. equality
C. an absence of discrimination and prejudice
D. cultural identification
E. pluralism
94. A pluralistic organization is one that has heterogeneous membership and takes steps to achieve full ____ of
people who are different from the dominant group.
A. assimilation
B. integration
C. networking
D. identification
E. commiseration

95. When the external labor market's composition is reflected by that of an organization, ____ has occurred.
A. full structural integration
B. pluralism
C. reverse discrimination
D. cultural identification
E. equality

96. When a team is chosen for an important assignment the composition of the group will be noted by
employees. It can indicate if the organization has
A. full structural integration.
B. pluralism.
C. reverse discrimination.
D. cultural identification.
E. equality.

97. Some public schools require uniforms for students. One of the benefits is it evens the playing field socially
for kids from different economic backgrounds. This is an example of
A. integration of the informal network.
B. full structural integration.
C. absence of discrimination.
D. pluralism.
E. low levels of intergroup conflict.

98. There are no problems at XYZ Corporation arising from age, gender or ethnicity. It is characterized by
A. full structural integration.
B. pluralism.
C. an absence of discrimination and prejudice.
D. cultural identification.
E. low levels of intergroup conflict.
99. When people use stereotypes they demonstrate
A. incomplete structural integration.
B. pluralism.
C. low levels of conflict.
D. a gap in identification based on cultural identity group.
E. incomplete integration of the informal network.

100. An organization could have a high level of intergroup conflict if

A. its employees understand each other's diverse cultures.
B. the management uses a closed-door policy.
C. employee empathy is encouraged.
D. employees have tolerance for other employees.
E. any conflict that arises is over meaningful and work-related issues.

101. An example of a gap in organizational identification based on cultural identity would be

A. women represented in all positions in the organization.
B. minorities represented in all positions in the organization.
C. women overcoming glass ceilings.
D. Asians being stereotyped as great in math.
E. advancement policies that are based on ability.

102. The broad issues associated with differences in values, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and attitudes held by
people in different cultures is called ____________________.
________________________________________

103. The ____________________ of an organization is the set of values that help its members understand what
the organization stands for.
________________________________________

104. Organization culture, ____________________, and diversity are all closely interrelated.
________________________________________

105. Factors that contribute to increasing diversity and multiculturalism include legislation, changing
demographics in the workforce, increased awareness that diversity improves the quality of the workforce, and
____________________.
________________________________________
106. A major advantage to diversity is that it will lead to a(n) ____________________ in the overall quality of
a company's workforce.
________________________________________

107. Age, ethnicity and ____________________ are primary dimensions of diversity and multiculturalism.
________________________________________

108. One reason why the U.S.'s workforce is aging is a result of insufficient ____________________ by the
workforce.
________________________________________

109. The ____________________ is a real barrier to women that is difficult to break, but it is also so subtle as
to be hard to see.
________________________________________

110. Religion is a dimension of ____________________.

________________________________________

111. Resource acquisition, marketing, and problem-solving are ways diversity can create a(n)
____________________ for organizations.
________________________________________

112. The ____________________ argument suggests that organizations that learn to manage diversity and
multiculturalism generally have higher levels of productivity and lower levels of turnover and absenteeism.
________________________________________

113. The phrase "know your customer" best describes the ____________________ argument for diversity.
________________________________________

114. Roberta thinks Kunchul was promoted only because Kunchul is a minority. This is an example of how
diversity has the potential for ____________________.
________________________________________
115. If diversity and multiculturalism in an organization are not managed effectively, it can lead to
____________________.
________________________________________

116. Understanding the perspective of others is ____________________.

________________________________________

117. Treating people as individuals is similar to the ____________________ perspective of management

because there is no universal answer to a dilemma.
________________________________________

118. The major policy through which an organization can reflect its stance on diversity and multiculturalism is
its ____________________.
________________________________________

119. An organization that provides ____________________ will have courses designed to facilitate members
working together in a diverse and multicultural environment.
________________________________________

120. An organization that has achieved high levels of diversity, is able to fully capitalize on the advantages of
diversity and has few diversity-related problems is a(n) ____________________.
________________________________________

121. ____________________ means that every group represented in an organization works to better understand
every other group.
________________________________________

122. When people are valued, accepted, and rewarded purely on the basis of their skills and what they
contribute to the organization there is an absence of ____________________.
________________________________________
123. Match the following. You may use a response once, more than once, or not at all.

1. Judged solely on quality of work Religious beliefs ____

2. Barrier preventing advancement to the top Glass ceiling ____
3. When there is variety along an important dimension Diversity ____
4. Differences in values, beliefs, behaviors, customs,
and attitudes Multiculturalism ____
5. Each group in an organization works to understand
the other groups Meritocracy ____
6. A dimension of diversity Pluralism ____

124. Match the following. You may use a response once, more than once, or not at all.

1. Physically
challenged Primary dimension of diversity ____
2. Multicultural More experienced but may need higher levels of
organization insurance coverage ____
3. Multicultural
group Cultural differences ____
4. Organization An often misunderstood group that may be more
culture diverse than any other ____
5. Ethnicity Membership with more than two diverse segments ____
Ultimate test of organizational commitment to
6. Race diversity ____
Where diverse employees can contribute and
achieve their fullest potential for the benefit of
7. Pluralism themselves and the organization ____
Heterogeneous membership and efforts to achieve
8. Older workers full participation and integration of diverse employees ____
125. Special Exercises

In the book/movie The Help, by Kathryn Stockett, Skeeter is a white writer telling the stories of black "help"
who raise children, cook and clean for white women in 1960's Mississippi. Complete the following statements
using these terms:

Not all terms may need to be used, and some terms may be used more than once.

1. Skeeter also wrote a cleaning column for the local

newspaper. She had no experience with cleaning so
she asked the help to share their expertise. This
illustrates the _____. diversity training ____
2. A(n) _____ is necessary for conflict resolution. age discrimination ____
3. A white doctor bought land so that his help could
take a shortcut to work without getting harassed. resource acquisition
The doctor showed _____. argument ____
4. Minny made a pie for Hilly with the "terrible
awful" in it, which was a unique revenge and problem-solving
demonstrates the _____. argument ____
5. One of the white ladies had fired so many help
that she had to pay a higher wage to get anyone to
work for her. This illustrates the _____. policy ____
6. One of the help was fired when her work slowed
after many years working for the family, which is
_____. creativity argument ____
7. The love Skeeter felt for Constantine, who raised
her, was the start of her _____ that led to writing the
stories. empathy ____
8. A white woman, Hilly, wrote a town ordnance
that required separate bathrooms be built for the
help. The acceptance of this _____ illustrates the willingness to
need for diversity training in the town. communicate ____

126. With regard to diversity, is the United States best described as a melting pot or a stew? Why?
127. What is the difference between multiculturalism and diversity?

128. Does the glass ceiling still exist? Give evidence to support your answer.

129. What are the current trends in diversity?

130. Describe how the different dimensions of diversity might be important in the fashion industry.
131. Describe three ways diversity can lead to competitive advantage.

132. Conflict is highly contextual. Why would email and text be an ineffective way of communication during
conflict?

133. What are the affects of diversity in an organization?

134. Does promoting diversity in an organization lead to higher risk and higher reward? Why?
135. Describe an instance where you felt discrimination. What strategy did/could you use to resolve the
conflict?

136. Describe the three strategies organizations can use to manage diversity and multiculturalism.

137. Is it fair to hold an organization accountable for commitment to diversity and multiculturalism when there
are strategies individuals can use to deal with conflict? Why?

138. If an organization has a culture of discrimination, what steps can a manager take to start changing the
culture?
139. How does workforce diversity affect organizational practices with regard to workers? Provide an example.

140. What organization do you consider to be nearly pluralistic? Describe why you selected it.

141. Do you think there will ever be a truly multicultural organization? Why? If yes, how long until you think it
will happen?

142. Briefly describe what a multicultural organization will look like.

Chapter 6--The Multicultural Environment Key

1. A unique set of issues involving social culture can arises within the boundaries of an organization only when
there is multiculturalism.
FALSE

2. Political differences in a group can lead to multiculturalism but not diversity.

FALSE

3. Effective managers control cultural forces to minimize the effect on organizations.

FALSE

4. Organizations must hire and promote people today solely on the basis of their qualifications.
TRUE

5. As employees and managers move from assignment to assignment across national boundaries, organizations
and their subsidiaries within each country thus become less diverse and multicultural.
FALSE

6. By hiring the most qualified individual for the job, diversity in the workplace can be increased.
TRUE

7. The percentage of the population over 65 is growing at the fastest rate in China because the one child per
couple law is decreasing the birthrate.
TRUE

8. Ginger has been with XYZ Products for over 30 years and has no intention of retiring. This is good for XYZ
because the experience Ginger has is valuable to the company, and her costs to the company in terms of benefits
continue to decrease the longer she stays with the firm.
FALSE
9. The glass ceiling applies to all minorities.
FALSE

10. The minority group that is expected to have the highest growth rate in terms of workplace representation in
the next few years is Latinos.
TRUE

11. It is not just people born with disabilities who need assistive technology. More and more, technology is
assisting people who acquire disabilities later in life.
TRUE

12. Immigration into the United States is at its lowest rate since 1910.
FALSE

13. The cost argument suggests that organizations with diverse workforces are generally more innovative than
other organizations.
FALSE

14. An organization that follows the Equal Employment Opportunity law will not have problems or conflicts
with diversity.
FALSE

15. Sexual harassment is unethical, but legal.

FALSE

16. Treating everyone the same is the only fair way to manage.
FALSE

17. Empathy makes managers too concerned with people and not enough with tasks.
FALSE
18. Organization policies are a starting point for how people are treated by the organization, but they don't give
the whole picture.
TRUE

19. Maria gets upset when Raj takes off every Hindu holiday, especially when he has to miss important
meetings. If she had her way, he would be allowed to take only national holidays. Maria is showing a
willingness to communicate with Raj about diversity.
FALSE

20. As long as managers provide adequate communication to their employees, diversity should flourish.
FALSE

21. Problems that arise from diversity should not be handled with policies, but rather on an individual basis.
FALSE

22. Diversity training can help employees who have received an overseas assignment get ready to live in a
different culture.
TRUE

23. Multicultural organizations have achieved high levels of diversity upon which they can capitalize, and they
have few problems arising from this diversity.
TRUE

24. Every group in a pluralistic organization tries to understand one another.

TRUE

25. When an organization's composition reflects that of the external labor market, full structural integration has
occurred.
TRUE

26. People enter and exit the lunch groups, social networks, and grapevine at Chelsea Community Hospital. It
has pluralism.
FALSE
27. ____ is the set of values that helps its members understand what the organization considers important.
A. Environmental uncertainty
B. Organization structure
C. Organization design
D. Organization culture
E. Environmental responsiveness

28. ____ is defined as the broad issues associated with differences in values, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and
attitudes held by people in different cultures.
A. Diversity
B. Multiculturalism
C. Organization culture
D. Global culture
E. The cultural environment

29. Diversity
A. is an absolute phenomenon.
B. can be defined in terms of a single dimension.
C. can be conceptualized as a continuum.
D. is a hypothetical concept.
E. is not important in most organizations.

30. Diversity is more generally used to refer to

A. demographic differences among people within a culture.
B. cultural differences in the various regions of the United States.
C. psychographic differences among people, such as enjoying different hobbies.
D. all geographic, psychographic, and demographic differences.
E. differences in work ethics among people within an organization.

31. Companies with federal government contracts must have a workforce that represents the demographics of
their specific regions. This is an example of how ____ has(have) affected diversity.
A. demographics
B. monoculturalism
C. globalization
D. legislation
E. organization culture
32. When a group's members differ from each other by ethnicity they have
A. a cultural environment.
B. multiculturalism.
C. organization culture.
D. global culture.
E. diversity.

33. Which of the following statements about the nature of an organization is TRUE?
A. An organization's culture is unrelated to its diversity because diversity is typically legally mandated.
B. Significant multiculturalism exists no matter what type of organization culture exists.
C. Total diversity is more likely to exist than no diversity.
D. Diversity within an organization should be conceptualized as a continuum.
E. An organization's diversity is unrelated to its social culture.

34. Which of the following statements about organization culture is TRUE?

A. Culture determines the feel of an organization.
B. Organization culture is the foundation of the internal environment of an organization.
C. Organization culture defies objective measurement or observation.
D. Companies that have a strong culture tend to be more effective than companies that have a weak culture.
E. All of these choices

35. Which of the following does NOT typically shape an organization culture?
A. Past successes
B. The organization design
C. The history of the organization
D. Shared experiences
E. Symbols, stories, and slogans

36. Which of the following describes a determinant of organization culture?

A. The story of how the founder of the company mixed cosmetics at her kitchen table
B. Its slogan, "We are what every woman desires."
C. The memory of when the company was merged with another cosmetics manufacturer
D. Its success in developing and marketing a line of hypoallergenic cosmetics
E. All of these choices
37. Which of the following is NOT a method managers can use to change organization culture?
A. Reward people who behave in a manner consistent with the existing culture
B. Adopt new slogans
C. Hire outsiders into management positions
D. Stage new ceremonies
E. Break with tradition and host an annual awards banquet

38. Which of the following is NOT a reason for rising diversity?

A. Changing demographics
B. Globalization
C. Legislative and judicial decisions in the United States
D. International travel
E. Competition to get a quality workforce

39. San Francisco County, California, is the most diverse county in the nation because people of different
nationalities have long been attracted to the area. The proportions of major ethnic groups are closer to being
equal than anywhere else. Which of the following factors most contributed to the diversity of this county?
A. Changing demographics
B. Globalization
C. Legislation
D. Downsizing
E. Desire to improve quality of workforce

40. Princeton Alliance Church attendance appears to be 30% white, 30% Asian, 25% black and 15% Latino.
The congregation is
A. diverse.
B. heterogeneous.
C. homogeneous.
D. diverse on the basis of political ideology.
E. using a poor recruitment system.

41. Over the past ten years, more than 50 percent of the promotions to partner at the law firm of Smithers and
Johnson have been given to women. This trend could be explained by
A. the firm's realization that women would improve the quality of the legal service provided by the firm.
B. affirmative action legislation.
C. an increase in the number of female lawyers graduating from law school.
D. the increased number of women in the labor force.
E. All of these choices
42. There are many reasons the median age of workers in the United States is increasing. Which of the
following is NOT one of them?
A. Aging baby boomers
B. Declining birthrates
C. Improved health care
D. Younger workers attending college
E. Higher legal limits for mandatory retirement

43. The growth of multinational corporations has left little room for distinction. Any perceived competitive
advantage is quickly copied. However, an area for competitive advantage remains in the level of ____
organizations attract, motivate, and retain.
A. human resources
B. talent
C. ethnicity
D. demographics
E. pluralism

44. Which of the following is NOT a dimension of diversity?

A. Obesity
B. Dietary preferences
C. Single parent
D. Astrological sign
E. Dual-career couples

45. Which of the following statements most accurately describes the average age of the American workforce?
A. It is much younger than it was 20 years ago.
B. It is much younger than Japan's workforce.
C. There are equal numbers of workers in each age category.
D. It is increasing.
E. It is not influenced by baby boomers.

46. The overall age of the workforce is growing older because

A. the number of workers retiring early is increasing.
B. the proportion of high school students going to college before entering the workforce is increasing.
C. unemployed workers are waiting until the economy improves to reenter the workforce.
D. employers have become more cautious about hiring older workers.
E. the number of new entrants into the workforce is decreasing, and the baby boomers are moving into the over-
45 age range.
47. Which of the following is NOT listed as a reason for the increase in the age of the American workforce?
A. The baby-boom generation
B. Fewer children being born to the baby-boom generation
C. Better medical care
D. Globalization
E. Insufficient savings

48. Which of the following statements does NOT describe one of the results of the declining pool of younger
workers?
A. A greater number of older workers mean that a company's workforce will be less stable.
B. Productivity should increase since older workers make greater contributions to productivity.
C. Insurance and medical costs to organizations are likely to increase.
D. Obtaining new workers will be increasingly difficult.
E. There will be fewer potential entrants into the labor force.

49. Which of the following statements is NOT a reason why managers should pay attention to the aging
workforce?
A. Older workers tend to be more stable, leaving their organizations less frequently.
B. Older workers have more experience that could be of value to the organization.
C. Older workers may make greater contributions to their organization's productivity.
D. Older workers may need additional insurance and medical benefits.
E. Older workers are less able to learn new skills and adapt more slowly to new technology.

50. A gender-related problem that many organizations face today is called

A. the macho syndrome.
B. Mars and Venus.
C. the glass ceiling.
D. "the good old boy" network.
E. None of these choices

51. Debra Lee was COO at Black Entertainment Television before she became CEO. However, only 1% of
black female executives reach top management. What are many of them experiencing?
A. Limited promotion mentality
B. Lack of organizational fit
C. Lack of skills needed for advancement
D. Glass ceiling
E. Closed door policy
52. One cause of the glass ceiling is that
A. women have fewer managerial skills than men.
B. women do not seek to be promoted.
C. women do not possess the qualifications for higher positions.
D. men are less likely to recognize and appreciate the contributions and qualifications of women as potential top
executives.
E. there are more qualified women than men in the workforce.

53. Which of the following ethnic groups is expected to experience a drop in the percentage of workers in the
workforce by the year 2025?
A. Hispanics
B. Asian Americans
C. African Americans
D. Whites
E. Native Americans

54. The biggest predicted change with respect to ethnicity will be for
A. whites and Hispanics.
B. whites and Asian Americans.
C. whites and African Americans.
D. Hispanics and Asian Americans.
E. African Americans and Hispanics.

55. Members of the ____ group are generally overrepresented in the executive ranks of most organizations
today.
A. African American
B. Latino
C. Asian
D. White male
E. Female

56. Which of the following is NOT an argument that has been proposed for how multiculturalism contributes to
competitiveness?
A. Cost argument
B. Management argument
C. Marketing argument
D. Problem-solving argument
E. Systems flexibility argument
57. When an organization effectively manages diversity, absenteeism decreases, turnover is reduced, and
productivity increases. These results are suggested by the ____ argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. problem-solving

58. Which of the following statements about the cost argument for diversity is TRUE?
A. Organizations that manage diversity and multiculturalism effectively are better able to attract qualified
employees from women and minorities.
B. A manager can reduce employee absenteeism and turnover by learning how to manage diversity and
multiculturalism.
C. Diversity and multiculturalism are accompanied by an increased pool of information.
D. Organizations with diversity and multiculturalism are generally more creative and innovative than other
organizations.
E. Organizations with diversity and multiculturalism are better able to understand different market segments
than are less diverse organizations.

59. PepsiCo consistently ranks as a great place for minorities to work. PepsiCo is thus better able to attract
qualified employees. This illustrates the ____ argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. problem-solving

60. Which of the following statements about the resource acquisition argument for diversity is TRUE?
A. Organizations that manage diversity and multiculturalism effectively are better able to attract qualified
employees from women and minorities.
B. A manager can reduce employee absenteeism and turnover by learning how to manage diversity and
multiculturalism.
C. Diversity and multiculturalism are accompanied by an increased pool of information.
D. Organizations with diversity and multiculturalism are generally more creative and innovative than other
organizations.
E. Organizations with diversity and multiculturalism are better able to understand different market segments
than are less diverse organizations.
61. The makers of Zestra, an ointment for women, used an all male marketing team. Sales were disappointing
and the company filed for Chapter 11. Two women arranged financing and bought the company, changed the
name, packaging, and message. Semprae is now selling well. This illustrates the ____ argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. creativity

62. Working Mother magazine recognized General Mills as one of the top ten companies for working families.
General Mills was described as a leader in responding to employee needs for child care, flexible scheduling, and
women's advancement. You can infer that General Mills agrees with the ____ argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. All of these choices

63. Which of the following statements about the marketing argument for diversity is TRUE?
A. Organizations that manage diversity and multiculturalism effectively are better able to attract qualified
employees from women and minorities.
B. A manager can reduce employee absenteeism and turnover by learning how to manage diversity and
multiculturalism.
C. Diversity and multiculturalism are accompanied by an increased pool of information.
D. Organizations with diversity and multiculturalism are generally more creative and innovative than other
organizations.
E. Organizations with diversity and multiculturalism are better able to understand different market segments
than are less diverse organizations.

64. The ____ argument for diversity suggests that diverse and multicultural workforces are generally more
innovative than other organizations.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. creativity
65. Which of the following arguments for diversity are related?
A. Cost and resource acquisition
B. Problem solving and marketing
C. Marketing and cost
D. Systems flexibility and cost
E. Problem solving and creativity

66. A change in the demographics around Detroit prompted a real estate company to hire agents that more
closely reflected the buying market. In doing so the entire office became more flexible and able to adapt to its
changing environment. This is an example of the ____ argument for diversity.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. financing
E. creativity

67. Eric, an American, is an executive coach at Boeing. One of the executives he coaches is from India. Their
diverse backgrounds add variety and create more solutions for management challenges. This illustrates the ____
argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. problem solving

68. Historically African Americans have voted more for Democrats than for Republicans. Michael Steele,
Chairman of the Republican National Committee, is African American. As the leader of the party he is in a
position to address concerns of all segments of the population. This illustrates the ____ argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. creativity

69. Which of the following statements regarding diversity in organizations is FALSE?

A. Diverse groups may generate significantly more productivity than homogeneous groups.
B. Organizations that manage diversity well may attract a better-qualified set of job applicants.
C. Heterogeneous groups tend to be more cohesive than homogeneous groups.
D. Organizations with diverse workforces are better able to understand different market segments.
E. Diverse organizations have a larger pool of information for problem-solving purposes.
70. Suranga Chandratillake started Blinkx, an Internet video search company. He created Blinkx to be flexible
and ready to respond to environmental change. The diverse culture at Blinkx supports this need. Suranga
subscribes to the ____ argument.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. creativity

71. The ____ argument supports the idea that if managers work effectively with a diverse group the
organization as a whole will respond more effectively to its changing environment.
A. resource acquisition
B. systems flexibility
C. cost
D. marketing
E. creativity

72. Lynne is an extrovert. Kyle is an introvert. Lynne has been trying to "bring Kyle out of his shell." Kyle is
happy the way he is and wishes Lynne would demonstrate more ____ for others.
A. conflict
B. empathy
C. entropy
D. pluralism
E. monoculturalism

73. The election of President Obama, the first African American president, shows that personal ____ is(are)
decreasing among people today.
A. bias and prejudices
B. tolerance
C. empathy
D. entropy
E. synergy

74. Paula is an American working in a German company. She gets frustrated with the German tendency to
really analyze decisions. The company has been very successful for over 100 years, so Paula is practicing
A. conflict resolution.
B. tolerance.
C. empathy.
D. entropy.
E. synergy.
75. The staff at Nassau Swim Club is supportive of each other. When the work schedule comes out they swap
with each other and volunteer to take shifts that help others observe their religious practices. They demonstrate
____.
A. understanding
B. a willingness to communicate
C. tolerance
D. empathy
E. management skills

76. Which of the following statements does NOT describe a reason why interpersonal communication can be
difficult in a diverse workforce?
A. Employees with different backgrounds may encode and decode messages similarly.
B. Words may have different meanings in different cultures.
C. Words may have different meanings to younger workers than to older workers.
D. Workers may speak a different language than their supervisor.
E. Symbols of respect may differ from generation to generation.

77. Which of the following practices indicates an organization that does NOT value diversity?
A. The benefits packages are tailored to individual needs.
B. Work hours are flexible.
C. Committee assignments are diverse.
D. Multicultural training is provided.
E. Policies and procedures follow the letter of the EEO law.

78. The starting point for managing diversity in an organization is

A. diversity training.
B. organizational policies.
C. federally sponsored affirmative action programs.
D. selective recruitment.
E. the development of supportive organization culture.

79. Which of the following is NOT a strategy for managing diversity?

A. Organizational policies
B. Diversity training
C. Selective recruitment
D. Supportive organization culture
E. Organizational practices
80. Which of the following is an organizational approach used to manage diversity?
A. Providing managers and employees with diversity training
B. Developing a supportive organization culture
C. Having mentoring programs for women and minorities
D. Creating a diversity task force
E. All of these choices

81. The major policy through which an organization can reflect its stance on diversity is its
A. recruitment procedures.
B. promotional patterns.
C. organizational chart.
D. mission statement.
E. rules and regulations.

82. Prospective employees searching for openings at Merrill Lynch can click to see Merrill Lynch's Equal
Employment Opportunity statement. This is an example of which of the organizational approaches to managing
diversity?
A. Organizational policies
B. Diversity training
C. Selective recruitment
D. Development of a supportive organization culture
E. Organizational practices

83. Schools in New Jersey are closed on Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Christmas, and Easter among other
holidays. This is an example of which of the organizational approaches to managing diversity?
A. Organizational policies
B. Diversity training
C. Selective recruitment
D. Development of a supportive organization culture
E. Organizational practices

84. Princeton High School requires all written information sent to parents to be in English and Spanish. This is
____ that organizations can use to demonstrate understanding of the different needs of stakeholders.
A. an organizational policy
B. diversity training
C. selective recruitment
D. a supportive organization culture
E. an organizational practice
85. Organizational practices used to manage diversity include
A. flexible working hours.
B. job sharing.
C. accommodating benefit packages.
D. multicultural work teams.
E. All of these choices

86. At a meeting last week, Steve had to pretend he was a woman during a group discussion. This was probably
part of which of the following?
A. OJT
B. Diversity training
C. Cross-cultural training
D. Organization culture modification
E. Designing new organizational practices

87. Jill, a helicopter pilot in the Army, went on a training flight with Marine pilots who had never flown with a
woman before. The Marines were visibly uncomfortable. Jill explained to them that even in the Army most of
her flights were with men, and those men did not treat her differently. Jill demonstrated ____ in order to put the
men at ease.
A. a willingness to communicate
B. diversity training
C. cross-cultural training
D. organization culture modification
E. designing new organizational practices

88. Holiday Casinos provides foreign-language training for employees who will come into contact with casino
patrons who speak a language other than English. This is an example of
A. organizational policies.
B. organizational practices.
C. selective recruitment.
D. diversity training.
E. developing a supportive organization culture.

89. The ultimate test of an organization's commitment to managing diversity and multiculturalism is its
A. organization chart.
B. employee recruitment and selection process.
C. organization culture.
D. employee absenteeism and turnover.
E. organization design.
90. An organization that has achieved high levels of diversity with few problems and that can capitalize on the
advantages of being diverse is called a(n) ____ organization.
A. global
B. heterogeneous
C. multicultural
D. paternalistic
E. ethnocentric

91. ____ is NOT a characteristic of a truly multicultural organization.

A. Pluralism
B. Isolation of informal networks
C. Full structural integration
D. Absence of prejudice
E. A low level of intergroup conflict

92. Pluralism means that

A. the organization shares a common culture.
B. the organization's employees speak more than one language.
C. the organization culture encourages diversity.
D. every ethnicity is represented in the workforce.
E. every group represented in the organization works to better understand every other group.

93. When every individual has the opportunity to influence the organization's culture and norms, ____ has
occurred.
A. full structural integration
B. equality
C. an absence of discrimination and prejudice
D. cultural identification
E. pluralism

94. A pluralistic organization is one that has heterogeneous membership and takes steps to achieve full ____ of
people who are different from the dominant group.
A. assimilation
B. integration
C. networking
D. identification
E. commiseration
95. When the external labor market's composition is reflected by that of an organization, ____ has occurred.
A. full structural integration
B. pluralism
C. reverse discrimination
D. cultural identification
E. equality

96. When a team is chosen for an important assignment the composition of the group will be noted by
employees. It can indicate if the organization has
A. full structural integration.
B. pluralism.
C. reverse discrimination.
D. cultural identification.
E. equality.

97. Some public schools require uniforms for students. One of the benefits is it evens the playing field socially
for kids from different economic backgrounds. This is an example of
A. integration of the informal network.
B. full structural integration.
C. absence of discrimination.
D. pluralism.
E. low levels of intergroup conflict.

98. There are no problems at XYZ Corporation arising from age, gender or ethnicity. It is characterized by
A. full structural integration.
B. pluralism.
C. an absence of discrimination and prejudice.
D. cultural identification.
E. low levels of intergroup conflict.

99. When people use stereotypes they demonstrate

A. incomplete structural integration.
B. pluralism.
C. low levels of conflict.
D. a gap in identification based on cultural identity group.
E. incomplete integration of the informal network.
100. An organization could have a high level of intergroup conflict if
A. its employees understand each other's diverse cultures.
B. the management uses a closed-door policy.
C. employee empathy is encouraged.
D. employees have tolerance for other employees.
E. any conflict that arises is over meaningful and work-related issues.

101. An example of a gap in organizational identification based on cultural identity would be

A. women represented in all positions in the organization.
B. minorities represented in all positions in the organization.
C. women overcoming glass ceilings.
D. Asians being stereotyped as great in math.
E. advancement policies that are based on ability.

102. The broad issues associated with differences in values, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and attitudes held by
people in different cultures is called ____________________.
multiculturalism

103. The ____________________ of an organization is the set of values that help its members understand what
the organization stands for.
culture

104. Organization culture, ____________________, and diversity are all closely interrelated.
multiculturalism

105. Factors that contribute to increasing diversity and multiculturalism include legislation, changing
demographics in the workforce, increased awareness that diversity improves the quality of the workforce, and
____________________.
globalization

106. A major advantage to diversity is that it will lead to a(n) ____________________ in the overall quality of
a company's workforce.
increase
107. Age, ethnicity and ____________________ are primary dimensions of diversity and multiculturalism.
gender

108. One reason why the U.S.'s workforce is aging is a result of insufficient ____________________ by the
workforce.
saving

109. The ____________________ is a real barrier to women that is difficult to break, but it is also so subtle as
to be hard to see.
glass ceiling

110. Religion is a dimension of ____________________.

diversity

111. Resource acquisition, marketing, and problem-solving are ways diversity can create a(n)
____________________ for organizations.
competitive advantage

112. The ____________________ argument suggests that organizations that learn to manage diversity and
multiculturalism generally have higher levels of productivity and lower levels of turnover and absenteeism.
cost

113. The phrase "know your customer" best describes the ____________________ argument for diversity.
marketing

114. Roberta thinks Kunchul was promoted only because Kunchul is a minority. This is an example of how
diversity has the potential for ____________________.
conflict

115. If diversity and multiculturalism in an organization are not managed effectively, it can lead to
____________________.
conflict
116. Understanding the perspective of others is ____________________.
empathy

117. Treating people as individuals is similar to the ____________________ perspective of management

because there is no universal answer to a dilemma.
contingency

118. The major policy through which an organization can reflect its stance on diversity and multiculturalism is
its ____________________.
mission statement

119. An organization that provides ____________________ will have courses designed to facilitate members
working together in a diverse and multicultural environment.
diversity training

120. An organization that has achieved high levels of diversity, is able to fully capitalize on the advantages of
diversity and has few diversity-related problems is a(n) ____________________.
multicultural organization

121. ____________________ means that every group represented in an organization works to better understand
every other group.
Pluralism

122. When people are valued, accepted, and rewarded purely on the basis of their skills and what they
contribute to the organization there is an absence of ____________________.
prejudice and bias
123. Match the following. You may use a response once, more than once, or not at all.

1. Judged solely on quality of work Religious beliefs 6

2. Barrier preventing advancement to the top Glass ceiling 2
3. When there is variety along an important dimension Diversity 3
4. Differences in values, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and
attitudes Multiculturalism 4
5. Each group in an organization works to understand the
other groups Meritocracy 1
6. A dimension of diversity Pluralism 5

124. Match the following. You may use a response once, more than once, or not at all.

1. Physically
challenged Primary dimension of diversity 6
2. Multicultural More experienced but may need higher levels of
organization insurance coverage 8
3. Multicultural
group Cultural differences 5
4. Organization An often misunderstood group that may be more
culture diverse than any other 1
5. Ethnicity Membership with more than two diverse segments 3
Ultimate test of organizational commitment to
6. Race diversity 4
Where diverse employees can contribute and achieve
their fullest potential for the benefit of themselves and the
7. Pluralism organization 2
Heterogeneous membership and efforts to achieve full
8. Older workers participation and integration of diverse employees 7
125. Special Exercises

In the book/movie The Help, by Kathryn Stockett, Skeeter is a white writer telling the stories of black "help"
who raise children, cook and clean for white women in 1960's Mississippi. Complete the following statements
using these terms:

Not all terms may need to be used, and some terms may be used more than once.

1. Skeeter also wrote a cleaning column for the local

newspaper. She had no experience with cleaning so she
asked the help to share their expertise. This illustrates
the _____. diversity training 7
2. A(n) _____ is necessary for conflict resolution. age discrimination 6
3. A white doctor bought land so that his help could
take a shortcut to work without getting harassed. The resource acquisition
doctor showed _____. argument 5
4. Minny made a pie for Hilly with the "terrible awful"
in it, which was a unique revenge and demonstrates the problem-solving
_____. argument 1
5. One of the white ladies had fired so many help that
she had to pay a higher wage to get anyone to work for
her. This illustrates the _____. policy 8
6. One of the help was fired when her work slowed
after many years working for the family, which is
_____. creativity argument 4
7. The love Skeeter felt for Constantine, who raised her,
was the start of her _____ that led to writing the
stories. empathy 3
8. A white woman, Hilly, wrote a town ordnance that
required separate bathrooms be built for the help. The
acceptance of this _____ illustrates the need for willingness to
diversity training in the town. communicate 2

126. With regard to diversity, is the United States best described as a melting pot or a stew? Why?

Answer not provided.

127. What is the difference between multiculturalism and diversity?

Answer not provided.

128. Does the glass ceiling still exist? Give evidence to support your answer.

Answer not provided.

129. What are the current trends in diversity?

Answer not provided.

130. Describe how the different dimensions of diversity might be important in the fashion industry.

Answer not provided.

131. Describe three ways diversity can lead to competitive advantage.

Answer not provided.

132. Conflict is highly contextual. Why would email and text be an ineffective way of communication during
conflict?

Answer not provided.

133. What are the affects of diversity in an organization?

Answer not provided.

134. Does promoting diversity in an organization lead to higher risk and higher reward? Why?

Answer not provided.

135. Describe an instance where you felt discrimination. What strategy did/could you use to resolve the
conflict?

Answer not provided.

136. Describe the three strategies organizations can use to manage diversity and multiculturalism.

Answer not provided.

137. Is it fair to hold an organization accountable for commitment to diversity and multiculturalism when there
are strategies individuals can use to deal with conflict? Why?

Answer not provided.

138. If an organization has a culture of discrimination, what steps can a manager take to start changing the
culture?

Answer not provided.

139. How does workforce diversity affect organizational practices with regard to workers? Provide an example.

Answer not provided.

140. What organization do you consider to be nearly pluralistic? Describe why you selected it.

Answer not provided.

141. Do you think there will ever be a truly multicultural organization? Why? If yes, how long until you think it
will happen?

Answer not provided.

142. Briefly describe what a multicultural organization will look like.

Answer not provided.