LESSON PLAN
COURSE : Public Safety Basic Recruit Course
MODULE : V- Law Enforcement Operations
SUB-MODULE : I - Intelligence
SUBJECT : Intro to Intelligence
METHODOLOGY : Lecture
DURATION : 2 hrs
LEARNING OBJECTIVES :
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
LEARNING AIDS:
Multi-Media Projector
Projector Screen
Laptop
Laser Pointer
REFERENCES/TOOLS :
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Intelligence – product resulting from the collection, evaluation, analysis, integration,
and the interpretation of all available information.
Intelligence - is a processed information.
Police Intelligence – used in the preparation and execution of police plans, policies,
and programs
Product resulting from the collection, evaluation, analysis, integration, and the
interpretation of all available information which concerns one or more aspects of
criminal activity significant to police planning and operations
INTELLIGENCE
Indispensable in the aspect of police work in preventing/controlling:
– criminality
– insurgency
– terrorism
– international crime
Lifeblood in the course of the investigation without intel data investigation could
hardly succeed.
On Criminality
Intel focuses its resources/skills on anticipated crimes to neutralize them before
they occur.
Intel officers/analysts:
– assess/report to investigation they observe as future crimes
– make short and long range strategy suggestions
On Insurgency
RA 8551 - placed PNP as support to the AFP in COIN Operations thru Intel
gathering.
Congress recognizes the capability and competence of PNP Intel in COIN.
On Transnational Crimes
PNP gather data/information on international crime syndicates thru:
– regular exchange of information with counterparts;
– establishment of police attaches; and
– reciprocity in training needs.
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THE INTELLIGENCE CYCLE
Direction Phase
Identifies the problem that intel process will examine.
In initial stage, the following are asked:
Who is the consumer of intel product?
What is the task that the client wants to address?
What intel methods will be used?
What resources are required?
Where will the resources come from?
How long will it take to achieve the task?
Intelligence Collection
Directed
Focused gathering of info thru overt/covert means
A good collector:
Able to talk to people
Able to develop and foster contacts/sources
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Able to debrief
Able to see value in the information
Collector Needs to look for:
Information to support the task
Information on crimes or criminals
Information on the infrastructure that criminals may use
Information on trends that may affect criminal activity
Information on criminal markets
Source of Information
Human sources
Criminals and their relatives/ associates
Informants
Witnesses
Offenders and prisoners
Other police, investigators or intelligence officers
Private investigators
Business and community people
Academics and consultants
Field Sources - permanent and specialized collectors; police or intelligence
officers who work in the field.
Surveillance teams
Undercover operatives
Informant handlers
Aerial or coastal surveillance
Police and intelligence officers using police powers
Liaison officers
Scientific Sources - specialized internal areas of the organization; posses expert
knowledge or specialized equipment to extract information
Physical evidence/forensic teams
Financial investigators or forensic accountants
Economists
Drug analysts
IT specialists
Psychological assessors
Computer crime specialists
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Methods of Collection
Overt collection
Interviews and surveys
Database manipulation (computer)
Requests for information
Electronic surveillance CCTV
Evidence in court matters
Covert collection
Informants
Surveillance teams
Confidential requests for information
Telephone intercepts/listening devices
Collection Plan
a dynamic tool used to coordinate and integrate the efforts of all collection units
and agencies
assist the Collection Manager in organizing his thought processes
continually revised as required
Recording Information
Next to collection of information
In recording it is important to:
Give an accurate account of:
How it was obtained
From whom it was obtained
Time and when it was obtained
Methods used in collecting the info
Record the info accurately
Don't add interpretations
May put quotation marks and recite what was said
Record observations made while collecting the info (e.g. informant may be
jittery or nervous)
Document any problems or difficulties encountered in collecting the info
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Collating Information
Collation
Involves sorting/categorizing the information to ensure all like information are put
together
structures information for efficient and easy interpretation
Allows to identify patterns within the information and relationships between:
People
Entities
Events
Patterns
Charting Information
Helps to understand the info better and communicate in more effective manner
Identify and infer relationships between info
Identify assumptions and info gaps for future collection efforts to concentrate on
Simplify info into condensed form
Study relationships between entities, events and commodities
Kinds of Charts
Link diagram
Identifies/defines scope and nature of relationships between entities
A tool to support link analysis
Events flow chart
Shows the sequence of events
Sorts information
Shows evolution of events chronologically
Illustrates past & anticipated path of activity
Highlights information gaps
Commodity flow chart
Shows flow of commodities between geographical locations (general)
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Shows the flow of commodities between key elements within a criminal
activity (specific)
Processing/Analyzing Information
Heart of intelligence process
Looking at info to gain greater understanding of its meaning
Involves comparing, contrasting, summarizing
Kinds of Analysis
Descriptive
Examines the info
Seeks to describe what happening or what happened previously
Explanatory
Builds on descriptive analysis.
Seeks to explain the reasons.
Predictive
Uses both descriptive and explanatory.
Forecast or predict what may occur as a result of what is happening and the
cause behind.
Steps in Analysis
Reduce info and study the connectivity between individual parts of components
Charting
Helps to understand the info better and communicate in more effective
manner
Identify and infer relationships between info
Identify assumptions and info gaps for future collection efforts to
concentrate on
Simplify info into condensed form
Communicate a large volume of info
Criminal Activity Profiling (CAP)
Allows info to be plotted according to specific activities
Ensures systematic approach to crime analysis and investigation
Assists in focusing crime investigation activities
Gives clarity to vast amounts of info
Produces comprehensive profile 5Ws and 1H about any chosen criminal
activity
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Ongoing and dynamic process (conclusions may change as new info
comes in)
Criminal Activity Profiling (CAP)
CAP has six steps
Identify criminal activity
identify indicators
Post the Info
Prepare compilation statements
Premise development
inference development
Steps in Criminal Activity Profiling
1. Identify criminal activity
2. Identify indicators – actions/factors/activities (5Ws & 1 H)
Ex. Indicators of Import of illegal drugs
a) Supplier
b) Type of drug
c) Method of transport
d) Someone to sell the drug
3. Post the information:
a) Make chart
b) Collate info for each indicator
4. Prepare Compilation Statements – summary of facts
5. Premise Development
Evaluation – determines pertinence, reliability & accuracy of information
Pertinence (relevance, importance)
Reliability (credibility of source of info and agency where collected)
Accuracy (preciseness, correctness)
Evaluation Rating
Source/Agency
A. Completely Reliable
B. Usually Reliable
C. Fairly Reliable
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D. Not Usually Reliable
E. Unreliable
F. Reliability Cannot be Judged
Information/Item
1. Confirmed by Other Sources
2. Probably True
3. Possibly True
4. Doubtfully True
5. Improbable
6. Truth Cannot be Judged
Intelligence Dissemination:
Final phase in the process
Important part of the process –judged upon by decision makers
It solicits feedback from decision makers
Redefines Intelligence task
Restrictions on Dissemination
Reports are disseminated to people with same level of security clearance or
higher
“Need to Know” principle
“Third Party Rule”
MOU Rule
Methods of Dissemination
Written Intel reports
Oral briefings
Electronic means
Three “C”s on disseminated Info:
Clear
Concise
Clock (in time for target audience to act)
Types of Intel Reports
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1. Spot Reports
• One time reports.
• Transmit intel or info of immediate value.
• Answers WHO, WHAT, WHEN, WHERE possibly How.
2. Intel Report
• Disseminated without specific schedule.
• Provides summary of enemy situation (capability, weather, terrain).
• Reflects intel staff officers’ interpretations and conclusion on:
– Enemy capabilities
– Probable courses of action
3. Periodic Area Commanders Report (PACREP)
• Use by PNP field unit commanders.
• Contains collated/updated info/data related to intelligence:
a) Organized Threats (LCM, SPSG)
b) Sectoral Developments
c) Political Developments
d) International Terrorists
e) Other Factors (warring clans, NGOs, Pos)
f) Crime Situation
g) Analysis and Forecast
h) Recommendations
4. Weekly/Monthly Intelligence Summary.
5. Intelligence Estimate
• Logical/orderly examination of intel factors affecting accomplishment of
mission.
• Provides commander with analysis of AOR, strength/capabilities that can
influence mission of CO.
• Provides CO with:
a) a basis for planning operation
b) for disseminating intel to his staff & HQs
c) written at Division and Higher HQs
d) briefed down to Battalion
REMEMBER:
• Intelligence Cycle feeds back upon itself.
• Ensures that assessments continue to be refined.
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• Intelligence stays up-to-date.
• Responds to the need of the Commander.
• Security must always be observed.
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