Acids, Bases and Salts
Acids, Bases and Salts
(d) In case, it remains blue then the tube (c) The concentration of H,0+ ions per unit volume
contains decreases
acidic solution.
(d) All of these..
26. Curd and sour substances are not
kept in
containers made up of brass or copper because 32. How is concentration of hydroxyl (0H") ions
affected when excess of base is dissolved in solution
(a) Both curd and sour substances contain some of sodium hydroxide ?
acids
in them
(a) Being a strong base it immediately dissociates in
(b) They react with copper or brass vessels to form solution to give OH ions and cations
poisonous salts (b) Excess dissolving of base increases the
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these. concentration of OH- ions
27. Which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these.
with a metal 33. Which of the following gives the correct increasing
(a) hydrogen order of acidic strength ?
(b) Oxygen
(a) Water < Acetic acid < Hydrochloric acid
(c) nitrogen (d) chlorine. (b) Water < Hydrochloric acid < Acetic acid
28. A metallic compound A reacts with dilute (c) Acetic acid < Water < Hydrochloric acid
hydrochloric acid to produce effervescence. The (d) Hydrochloric acid < Water < Acetic acid
gas evolved extinguishes a burning candle, then (N.C.E.R.T. Exemplar)
A' and the gas evolved are 33 (A). If a few drops of a concentrated acid
(a) calcium carbonate, carbon dioxide accidentally spill over the hand of a student, what
(b) calcium carbonate, oxygen should be done ?
(c) sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide (a) Wash the hand with saline solution
(d) sodium hydroxide, hydrogen. (b) Wash the hand immediately with plenty of water
29. Aqueous solutions of HCI, HNO3 and H,SO4 etc. and apply a paste of sodium hydrogen carbonate
show acidic character while those of the (c) After washing hand with plenty of water, apply
compounds like ethyl alcohol (C,H,OH) and solution of sodium hydroxide on the hand
glucose (CçH120) fail to do so because (d) Neutralise the acid with a strong alkali
(a) all the listed acids have replaceable hydrogen (N.C.E.R.T. Exenmplar)
atoms 34. Formic acid is a
(0) they release H# ions in aqueous solution (a) strong acid (b) mineral acid
(c) both ethyl alcohol (CzHsOH) and glucose (c) weak organic acid (a) none of these.
(CçH120%) replace hydrogen atoms (N.C.E.R.T. Exemnplar)
(d) both (a) and (b). 35. Which of the following phenomena occur when a
small amount of acid is added to water ?
30. Dry HCI gas does not change the colour of the (i)lonisation (ii) Neutralisation
dry litmus paper because
(a) Dry HCI gas fails to release any Ht ions (iii) Dilution (iv) Salt formation
(b) HCl gas is not acidic (a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and (iii)
(c) dry litmuspaper has no moisture present (c) (i) and (iüi) (d) (ii) and (iv)
(d) all of these. (N.C.E.R.T. Exemplar)
36. Which of the following is acidic in nature ? 42. Which of the following statements is true for acids '?
(a) Lime juice (b) Human blood (a) Bitter and change red litmus to blue
(c) Lime water (d) Antacid (b) Sour and change red litmus to blue
(N.C.E.R. T. Exemplar) (c) Sour and change blue litmus to red
37. CB In an attempt to demonstrate electrical (d) Bitter and change blue litmus to red
conductivity through an electrolyte, the apparatus
set up is given. Which among the following (N.C.E.R. T. Exemplar)
statement(s) is(are) correct ? 43. Which of the following are present in a dilute
(i) Bulb will not glow because electrolyte is not aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid?
acidic (a) H,0* + CH (b) H,0* + OH
(ii) Bulb will glow because HCI is a strong acid (c) CI + OH (d) unionised HCI
and furnishes ions for 'conduction.
(N.C.E.R. T. Exemplar)
(iüi) Bulb will not glow because circuit is incomplete
(iv) Bulb willnot glow because it depends upon the 44. their
CE Match the acids given in column (A) with
correct sources given in column (B)
type of electrolytic solution
Column (A) Column (B)
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iy)
(d) (iv) only (A) Lactic acid (i) Tamarind
(c) (i) only
(N. C.E. R. T. Exemplar) (B) Acetic acid (it) Lemon
38. Which of the following is used for dissolution of (C)Citric acid (ii) Vinegar
gold ? (D) Tartaric acid (iv) Curd
(a) Hydrochloric acid (b) Sulphuric acid (a) (A) ’ (iv), (B) -’ (üi), (C) -’ (i), (D) ’ ()
(c) Nitric acid (d) Aqua regia. (b) (B) ’ (iv), (A) ’ (ii), (C) -’ (i), (D) ’ (4)
(N. C.E.R. T. Exemplar) (c) (D) ’ (iv), (B) -’ (i), (C) -’ (i), (D) -’ ()
39. Which of the following is not a mineral acid ? (a) (C) ’ (iv), (D) ’ (i), (B) -’ (i), (A) ’ i)
(a) Hydrochloric acid (b) Citric acid (N. C.E.R. T. Exemplar)
(c) Sulphuric acid (d) Nitric acid.
45. When egg shell is placed in concentrated nitric
(N.C.E.R. T. Exemplar) acid taken in a beaker, then
40. Which of the following is not a base ? (a) evolves carbon dioxide
(a) NaOH (b) KOH (b) egg shell slowly dissolves
(c) NH,OH (d) CzHOH. (c) oxygen is released
(N.C.E.R.T. Exemplar)
(d) both (a) and (b).
41. Which of the following is(are) true when HCIg) 46. In the following list of acids, pick strong acids.
is passed through water ?
() It does not ionise in the solution as it is a
Hydrochloric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, nitric
covalent compound
acid, formic acid, sulphuric acid.
(ii) It ionises in the solution (a) Hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulphuric acid
(b) Citric acid, acetic acid, formic acid
(iü) It gives both hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in the
solution (c) All of these are strong
(iv) It forms hydronium ion in the solution due to (d) None, all are weak.
the combination of hydrogen ion with water 47. When zinc metal is treated with a dilute solution
molecule
of a strong acid, a gas is evolved which is utillised
(a) (i) only (b) (ii) only in the hydrogenation of oils. Namne the gas evolved.
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv)
(N.C.E.R. T. Exemplar) (a) oxygen (b) nitrogen
(c) hydrogen (d) carbon dioxide.
48. In the follo wing schematic diagram for the
preparation of hydrogen gas as shown in the 51. Wild Nettle plants have sharp hair. If per chance
figure, what would happen if zinc dust is used ? they touch the human body they sting which is
very painful because
Dilute
Sulphuric (a) methanoic acid present gets injected in the body
acid
(b) they are commonly known as basic nettles.
(c) these plants inject alkali
(d) none of these.
Zinc
52. CB The pH of a particular soil can be tested
Granules
with a small annount of the sample in a test tube
and adding water to it. The pH of the filtrate can
Soap be most easily determined with the help of
solution
(a) No reaction takes place (a) universal indicator paper
(b) Hydrogen gas would evolve at a greater (b) litmus paper only
speed (c) methyl orange
(c) Zinc dust provides more surface
area as (d) all of these.
compared to zinc granules
(d) Both (b) and (c). 53. Vinegar may be used to treat wasp stings and
pH value and its importance baking soda for bee stings.
49. Universal indicator papers have been developed
(a) Wasp stings must be acidic
(b) Wasp sting must be basic in nature
to predict the pH of different solutions. Select the (c) Bee stings are acidic in nature, this means they
correct fact about them.
must contain in them some acid. If baking soda
(a) the strips of non filter paper are impregnated or is not available in the house
coated with the universal indicator so that colours (d) Solution of ammoniumn hydroxide, can be used
are visible on them for wasp sting.
(b) When dipped in the solution under examination, 54. X* is a soluble acidic oxide and Y' is a soluble
these papers acquire no specific colours base. The pH of solution X' and solution y' are
(c) On comparison with charts showing different (a) Y' will be less than 7
colours, the pH of the solution in which they (b) Y° will have pH more than 7
are dipped can be predicted (c) Both Xand Y' will have pH more than 7
(a) if the colour of this paper is yellow, this means (d) X* will have pH more than 7.
that the pH of the solution ranges between S5. Contents of an acid carrying tanker per chance
8to 10. spilled on the road. At the road side iron drain
50. CB Ramesh wanted to find whether dilute covers began
hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, ammonium (a) melting (b) fizzing
hydroxide and sodium hydroxide are weak or (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these.
strong acids/basic. He took these solutions in four
test tubes labelled as A', B', C' and D 56. CB A student dipped a strip of pH paper in
respectively. He puts universal indicator strip in distilled water. The pH paper acquired green
these solutions and note changes in colour
colour. He then dissolved a pinch of common salt
in this tube itself. The expected change in colour
(a) Solution 'A' becomes red so it is strong basic of the pH paper is
(0) Solution "B' acquires yellow colour so it is weak (a) There will be no change in the colour of the ph
basic paper
(c) Solution C' develops blue colour so it isweakly (b) It will turn pink
acidic
(c) It will turn yellow
(d) Solution 'D becomes dark violet so it is strong
(d) It will turn red.
basic.
57. Which of the following statements is correct about 63. The pH of a salt used to make tasty and erispy
an aqueoussolution of an acid and of a base ? pakoras is 8-4 the salt is
fi) Higher the pH. stronger the acid (a) Sodium chiorde
(u) Higher the pH, weaker the acid (b) Sodium hydrogern cartonae
(iiy Lower the pH. stronger the base (c) Sodium bicarbonate d) Sodium hydroxide.
(iv) Lower the pH, weaker the base 64. The role of tooth paste in preventing cavity is
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (iiy and (ii) (a) cosmetic oniy (b) medicinal only
fc) (i)and (iv) (d) (iij and (i) fc) nil idy apprec iable.
(N.C.E.R.T. Exemplar) 65. Five solutions A, B, C, Dand Esbowed pH as 4, 7.
58. The compound which is used as antacid is 1. 11 and 9 respectively when tested by universal
indicator.
(a) Sodiun hydrogen carbonate
b) magnesium hydroxide () Neutral (i) Strongly acidic
fcj both la) and (b) (üi) Strongly alkaline (iv) Weakly alkaline
(d) none of these. (v) Weakly acidic
59. The pH of the mouth of a person is lower than The pH in increasing order of H * ion concentration
5-5, the change occurring in his mouth is is
(aj acids are formed in his nouth (a) (iiy < liy) < ti) < () < (üy
(b) The enamel coating is siowiy corroded fb) fi) < (ii) < (iii) < iv)
(c) tooth decay starts (c) (iv) < (ii) (ii) < (i)
(d) all of these. ld) none of these.
60. In a gas jar containing hydrogen chloride gas, a 66. A salt whose solution has pH less than 7 and
dry blue litmus paper is dropped. Now a blue another salt with pH more than 7 are
litmus paper is moistened and dropped into the ia) NH,CI, NayCO,
gas jar. It is observed that (b) Na,CO,. NH,CI
(a) remains unchanged in colour (c) both (a)or (b)depending upon the situation
(b) colour changes to red fd) none of these.
(c) blue 67. You have tw0 solutions A and B. The pH of
d) in first case unchanged and red in the second solution A is 6 and that of solution B is 8. The
case. solutions having more hydrogen ion concentration,
61. Three solutions A, B and Chave pH values of 6, acidic nature and basic nature are
2 and 10. The solution which will turn red litmus (aj A, A. B (b) B, B, A
blue is (c) A, B, A (d) B, A, B.
(uj Solution with pH value of 2 is highly acidic in 68. A solution turns red litmus blue. Its pH is likely
nature to be
(b) Solutionwith pH value of 10is basic in nature (aj 2 (b) 4
(c) Solution with pH value 10 will turn red litmus fcj 6 (d) 10.
lo blue
(N.C.E.R.I. Exercise)
ld) Both (b) and (cj. 69. CB Five solutions A, B, C. D and E when tested
62. The actions of litmus with (i) dry ammonia gas with universal indicator show pH as 4, 2, 12, 7
(ii)solution of ammonia gas in water are and 9 respectively. Which solution is :
fa) (i) nochange incolour, turns blue (i) netural (ii) strongly alkaline (i) strongly acidic
(b) (i) turns blue (iij turns purple (iv) weakly aikaline (v) weakly acidic
fc) () turns purple tii) no change in colour (a) D. C, B. E. A bj A. E. B. C, D
(d) none of these.
(c) C. D, B, E. A (di A. E. B. D. C.
70. Fresh milk has a pH of 6.
How do
pH will change as it turns curd? you think the Important Salts
in the
reaction/reactions involved
(a) When milk changes into curd, the 76. The
pH decreases. manufacturing of washing soda is/are
(b) Lactose
(carbohydrate) present in milk gets
converted into lactic acid. (a) NaCl + NH; + CO) + H,0
(c) As more of acid is formed, pH of the NaHCO + NH,CI
decreases medium Heat
(d) None of these. (b) 2NaHCO3 Na,CO3 + H,0 + CO)
71. A sample of soil is mixed with (c) Na,CO, + 10H,0 ’ Na,CO,10H,0
water and
to settle. The clear supernatant allowed Washing soda
solution turns the Soda ash
pH paper yellowish-orange. Which of the (d) All of these.
would change the colour of this pH paperfollowing
to 77. Pick the property which does not pertain to
greenish-blue ? washing soda
(a) Lemon juice (6) Vinegar (a) Washing soda is a white crystalline solid
(c) Common salt (d) An antacid (b) It is soluble in water and its solution in water is
72. Which of the following statements is of acidic nature
correct about
an aqueous solution of an acid and of a base ? (c) Upon strong heating, it loses the molecules of
(i) Higher the pH, stronger the acid water of crystallisation and changes to anhydrous
(ii) Higher the pH, weaker the acid salt which is a white amorphous powder called
(ii) Lower the pH, stronger the base sada ash
(iv) Lower the pH, weaker the base (d) It can remove dirt and grease from dirty clothes.
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iii) 78. In chlor-alkali process
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv) (a) hydrogen gas is eveolved at cathode
73. ThepHofthe gastricjuices released during digestion (b) chlorine at anode
is (c) solution formed contains sodiumn hydroxide
(a) less than 7 (b) more than 7 (d) all of these.
(c) equal to 7 79. Pick the wrong statement Chlorine is :
(a) equal to 0
(a) not used in sterilising drinking water and also
(N.C.E.R. T. Exemnplar) water in swimming pools because of the
74. Which one of the following can be used as an acid
base indicator by a visually impaired student ? germicidal nature of chlorine which kills harmful
bacteria
(a) Litmus (b) Turmeric (b) used in the manufacture of poly vinyl chloride,
(c) Vanilla essence (d) Petunia leaves
chlorofluorocarbons, chloroform
(N.C.E.R. T. Exemplar) (c) used in the commercial preparation of bleaching
75. CB Equal volumes of hydrochloric acid and powder and hydrochloric acid
sodiumn hydroxide solutions of same concentration (d) used in the manufacture of pesticides and
are mixed and the pH of the resulting solution is disinfectants.
checked with a pH paper. What would be the
colour obtained ? 80. Pick the wrong statement Hydrogen is :
Strongly acidic Weakly acidic Neutral Weakly alkaline Strongy alkaline
(a) used in the hydrogenation of edible oils such as
1 2 3 6 7 10 11 12 13 14
groundnut oil, cotton seed oil etc. to form
pH 0
vegetable ghee also called margarine
Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Violet (6) used in the manufacture of compounds like
(a) Red (b) Yellow ammonia, water gas (CO + Hz) and methyl
(d) Blue alcohol (CH,0H)
(c) Green (c) not used as a rocket fuel in liquefied form
(N.C.E.R.T. Exemplar) (d) used in the manufacture of hydrochloric acid.
81. In the reaction
88. A white powder is added in breads and cakes to
heat make them soft and fluffy, the powder is
2NaHCO; --’ NazCO, + H0 + CO (a) baking powder (b) caustic soda
a) The bubbles of the gas that are escaping leave
(c) plaster of Paris (d) common salt.
behind pores which increase the size of the bread
and make it fluffy 89. The three products of 'Chlor-alkali process' are
(b) Na,C0; tastes bitter (a) hydrogen, chlorine and sodium hydroxide
(c) sodium carbonate has injurious side effects for
(b) oxygen, chlorine, sodium hydroxide
health (c) hydrogen, oxygen, sodium hydroxide
(d) None of these.
(d) all of these.
90. The examples of white coloured hydrated salts
82. Plaster of Paris are
NaCI +
Conc. H2SO4
Burner
1. What happens to the colour of dry blue litmus SCP b Sushma dissolved 10 g of potass1um sulphate
paper ? in water taken in a beaker and stirred it to get a
2, What happens to the colour of moist blue litmus clear solution. She took 20 g of aluminium
paper ? sulphate and dissolved in water taken in another
3. What happens in the absence of moisture or water beaker. She also added a few drops of
content concentrated sulphuric acid and stirred it to get a
clear solution, She transfer both the solutions in
a china dish and heated them till the volume of
Name the released gas. the solution became nearly half. She dipped a
glass rod in the solution while it is being heating
and took out the rod to blow air onto it from
mouth. Acrust of white solid was deposited on
the rod. She removed the dish from the burner
and cooled it slowly by placing it over water taken
in a beaker.
Onion
Tomato
Table Sa
Kack
How is the fire extinguished ?