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MAYAPYAP STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE IN MATHEMATICS 10

National High School Quarter II, Week 5

Lesson 5: Secants, Tangents, Segments and Sectors of a Circle

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

M10GE-IIe-1: The learner illustrates secants, tangents, segments, and sectors of

a circle.
M10GE-IIe-f-1: The learner proves theorems on secants, tangents, and segments.

In this set of activities, you should:

1. determine the secant, tangent, and segments associated to a circle; and
2. apply theorems on angles formed by secant and tangent segments.

WHAT YOU NEED TO REMEMBER?

Hello Math-linian! We are already done with proving theorems related to arcs,
inscribed angles and chords. For this session, we will be illustrating and applying theorems
related to secants, tangents and segments. So, what are we waiting for?
Let’s begin!

1. Sector of a - Sector of a circle is the region

circle bounded by an arc of the circle and
the two radii to the endpoints of the
arc.

- To find the area of a sector of a sector

of a circle, get the product of the ratio
measure of the arc
and the area of
360 °
the circle.
2. Segment of a - Region of the circle bounded by an
circle arc and the segment joining
endpoints.
- The shaded region in the figure is a
segment of ʘ T. It is in the region
bounded by 𝑃̂𝑄 and 𝑃𝑄.
- To find the shaded segment in the
figure, subtract the area of the
triangle PTQ from the area of sector
PTQ.
3. Tangent Line Tangent is a line that intersects the
circle at exactly one point called the
point of tangency.

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 4. Secant Line Secant is a line that intersects a circle at
exactly two points and contains a
chord of a circle.

Theorems on Tangent Line

1. If a line is tangent to a circle, then it is perpendicular to the radius drawn to the point of tangency.

If LM is tangent to J at K, then it is
perpendicular to radius JK.

2. If a line is perpendicular to a radius of a circle at its endpoint that is on the circle,

then the line is tangent to the circle.

If QR is perpendicular to radius NP at P,
then it is tangent to N.

3. If two segments from the same exterior point are tangent to a circle, then the two segments are congruent.
If and are tangent to S, then .

Theorems on Angles formed by Tangents and Secants of a Circle

Theorem 1
If two secants intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the measure of the angle formed is one-half the positive
difference of the measures of the intercepted arcs.

In the figure, AB and DE are two secants intersecting outside the circle at point C. AE and BD are the two
intercepted arcs of ∠ACE.

mACE = (mAE - mBD)

For example, if mAE = 66o and
mBD =24o, then
mACE = (66-24)
= (42)
mACE = 21o

Theorem 2
If a secant and a tangent intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the measure of the angle formed is one-half the
positive difference of the measures of the intercepted arcs.
In the figure, AC is a secant and BD is a tangent intersecting outside the circle at point B. AD and CD are the two
intercepted arcs of ∠ABD.

1
m∠ABD = (mAD - mCD)
2
For example, if mAD = 163o and
mCD =21o, then
1
m∠ABD = (163-21)
2

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 1
= (142)
2
m∠ABD = 71o

Theorem 3
If two tangents intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the measure of the angle formed is one-half the positive
difference of the measures of the intercepted arcs.

In the figure, AC and BC are two tangents intersecting outside the circle at point C. ADB and AB are the two
intercepted arcs of ∠ACB.

1
m∠ACB = (mADB - mAB)
2
For example, if mADB = 268o and
mAB =92o, then
1
m∠ACB = (268-92)
2
1
= (176)
2
m∠ACB = 88o
Theorem 4
If two secants intersect in the interior of a circle, then the measure of an angle formed is one-half the sum of the
measures of the arcs intercepted by the angle and its vertical angle.
In the figure, AC and BD are two secants intersecting inside the circle. AD and BC are the two intercepted arcs of
∠1 while CD and AB are the two intercepted arcs of ∠2.
1
m∠1 = (mAD+mBC)
2
m2 = (mCD+mAB)
For example, For example,
if mAD =94o and
if mCD =130o and
mBC =122o, then
mAB =14o, then
1 m2 = (130+14)
m∠1 = (94+122)
2
= (144)
1
= (216) m2 = 72o
2
m∠1 = 108o

Theorem 5
If a secant and a tangent intersect at the point of tangency, then the measure of each angle formed is one-half the
measure of its intercepted arc.
In the figure, AC is a secant and AB is a tangent intersecting at A, the point of tangency. AC is the intercepted arc
of ∠BAC while ADC is the intercepted arc of ∠CAE.

mBAC = (mAC) mCAE = (mADC)

For example, For example,
if mAC =166o then if mADC =194o then 3
mBAC = (166) mCAE = (194)
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mBAC = 83o mCAE = 97o
 YOUR TASKS!

Reminder: DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING ON THIS STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE.

Write your answers on your answer sheet.

Enrichment Activity 1: Identify the terms described in each item. Select your answer on the terms inside the box below.

Minor arc Major arc Radius

Central angle Semi-circle Chord

1. Angle in the circle formed by two rays whose vertex is the center of the circle
2. Arc of a circle measuring less than the semi-circle
3. Arc of a circle with measure equal to one-half the circumference of the circle
4. Arc of a circle more than the semi-circle
5. A segment from the center of the circle to any point of the circle.

Enrichment Activity 2: Fill in with the correct word/words to make the statement correct.

1. Sector of a circle is the bounded by an arc of the

and the two _ _ to the endpoints of the arc.
2. To find the area of a sector of a circle, get the product of the ratio
and _.
3. _region bounded by an arc and segment _ endpoints.
4. To find the segment of a circle subtract from
.
5. is a line that intersects the circle at exactly one point called the .
6. is a line that intersects a circle at _ points and contains a chord
of a circle.

Written Work #3: Use the given figures to determine the measure of each angle and arc by applying the theorems about
secants and tangents of a circle. Match the given in column A with its measure in column B. (1 point each)
Figure 1. In ◉F, mAB = 84° , mBC = 38° ,mCD = 64° ,mDE = 60°

Column A Column B
1. mEA A. 87°
2. m∠1 B.38°
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 3. m∠2 C. 114°
4. mAEB D. 276°
5. m∠4 E. 49°
6. m∠3 F. 131°

Find the measure of the arc or angle indicated.

7. G. 130°

8. H. 208°

9. I. 153°

10. J. 60°

WRAP-UP ACTIVITY

Answer the given question: (5 BONUS points)

Anthony ordered a 12-inch pizza divided equally into 8 slices. He wants to
determine the area of a slice of pizza. Can you help him?

Hint: The diameter of the pizza is 12 inches. The diameter of a circle is twice its
radius. Thus, its radius is 6 inches.

REFERENCES

● Learners Module in Mathematics 10 pp. 193-196

● Soriano Jr., Ubaldo A. 2020. SLM in Mathematics 10: Quarter 2 Module 5 Secants, Tangents,
Segments and Sectors of a Circle. Cabanatuan City: SDO, Cabanatuan City.

This Student Learning Guide will be discussed during Online Consultation on the following schedule.
8th Week of 2nd Quarter
Wednesday & Thursday
1:00pm – 3:00pm

Visit your Official Facebook Class Group.

Search MNHS (Subject Area) (Surname of your subject teacher, School Year)
Example: MNHS Mathematics 10 Sausa/Matamis/Elloraza, SY 2021-2022

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