Present Tense

The present tense is a verb tense used to describe a current activity

or state of being. However, somewhat unusually, the present tense
can also be used to describe past and future activities.

Examples of the Types of Present Tense

The present tense is categorized further depending on whether the action
is in progress or completed (called the aspect of a verb). The four present
tenses are:

The 4 Present Examples Uses

Tenses

1. We learn English
simple present with Manick sir. The simple present tense is used:
tense Or
Manick sir teaches me
Rule : English
(1) To describe facts and habits.
Subject+Verb 1+ 2. I am hungry
Object (Adjective). (2) To describe scheduled events
3. He goes to church in the future.
every sunday. (habit)
(used to) (3) To tell stories to make your
4. The Sun rises in the listener or reader feel more
East. (eternal truth)/
engaged with the story.
water boils at 100
degree c He _____ (run) everyday.

i_____ (cook) delicious food.

 he/she/ ram or You ___( love) to eat mutton.
any name/they= Your mother____ (love) you.
3rd person
The sun ____(set) in the west.
you= 2nd person
I/we= 1st person

1. We are watching the

present_progres class on Zoom. The present progressive tense is
sive tense 2. Her English is used for an ongoing action in the
improving. present.
Rule : Subject 3. You are always
+is/am/are complaining about my Cast a glance at= look at
Verb1+ing+Objec cooking (gerund).
t 4. We are going to Goa
next month. (near
You = are/were future
he/she= is/was 5. I am going to school
i= am/was 6. I am asking for lunch
7. They are playing
they= are/were football.
we= are/were 8. She is walking on the
road.
9. Sita is going to
school.

1.She has just gone out

present perfect now. The present perfect tense is used
tense You have seen the film. to describe actions that began in
2. Have you seen the the past and are completed.
Rule : Subject + film?
has/have+ verb 4. The taxi has arrived.
3+ Object (just)
5. Have you read
Hamlet?
6. Have you done all
your homework?
7. He has taken lunch
 8. He has completed his
work.
9. Many people have
died owing to covid 19
pandemic.
10. My wife has reached
home just now.
11. My daughter has
cooked tea / a cup of
tea / a cuppa.
12. My mom has given
me some joe.
13. I have just reached
my kipsie.

1. It has been raining

present perfect for two days.(duration) The present perfect progressive
progressive 2. I have been knocking tense is used for:
at the door since 7 am.
RULE =Subject (time defined)
+has/have+ 3. He has been selling
(1) a continuous activity that
been+ Verb+ing water balls since noon.
4. I have been working began in the past and continues
for ten years / since into the present, or
2011
5. We have been
(2) a continuous activity that
building the house. began in past but has now
6. We have been finished (usually very recently).
learning English since 6
am in the morning.
7. I have been
learning English
since 9 pm.

Past Tense
The past tense is a verb tense used for a past activity or a past state of
being. For example:

● I jumped in the lake.

● (This is a past activity.)I was happy.

(This is a past state of being.)

Examples of the Types of Past Tenses

The past tense is categorized further depending on whether the action was
in progress or has been completed. The four past tenses are:

The 4 Examples Uses

Past
Tenses

1. I learnt
simple (learn/learnt/learnt) english. The simple past tense is used to
past 2. I was hungry(adj) / we describe a completed activity that
tense were hungry. started in the past and ended in the
3. She slapped him on the past.
Rule : face.
Subject+ (slap(V1)(slapped(v2)/slapp
Verb 2 + ed)(V3)
Object 4. She sang a song.
(sing/sang/sung)
.
5. I came to see you.
(come/came/come)
 1. I was watching the class
past on Zoom. The past progressive tense is used to
progressi (watch/watched/watched) describe an ongoing activity in the
ve tense 2. I was playing football past. Often, it is used to set the scene
3. I was running on the for another action.
Rule : road. (run/ran/run)
Subject + 4. My daughter was saying
was/were she would not go to the
+verb+ing school.
+object

1.I had eaten breakfast

past The past perfect tense is used to
before she had.
perfect emphasize that an action was
2.I had wanted to help
tense completed before another took place.
you.
4. I had taken her to
hospital before the
Rule : doctor arrived.
Subject +
had+verb
3+ object
 1. The rain had been
past pouring all night. The past perfect progressive tense is
perfect 2. I had been knocking at used to show that an ongoing action
progressi the door since 7 am / for in the past has ended.
ve 2 hours.
3. He had been selling
Rule :
water balls for 3 hours /
Subject +
since noon.
had+been
4. I had been working for
+verb+ing
10 days.
+object 5. When I went home, my
sister had been doing her
work for 2 hours (had
done/was doing)

Future Tense
The future tense is a verb tense used for a future activity or a future state of
being. For example:

● I will jump in the lake.

● (This is a future activity.)I will be happy.

(This is a future state of being.)

Examples of the Types of Future Tense

The future tense is categorized further depending on whether the action will
be in progress or will be completed (called the aspect of a verb). The four
future tenses are:

The 4 Examples Uses

Future
Tenses
 ● We will/ shall move to
simple another city.
The simple future tense is used
future for an action that will occur in
● He will come to New
tense the future.
York tomorrow.
Rule : ● They will make a
Subject + phone which has
shall/ artificial intelligence.
will+ Verb
1+...... Note: The structure of the
present progressive tense
also can be used when an
action is
promised/arranged/planned
to take place in the near
future.

Example:

● We are moving to
Texas next week.
● The bus is leaving
at 6.00 PM.

future ● I will be The future progressive tense is

progressi going. used for an ongoing action that
ve tense ● I shall be sleeping at will occur in the future.
around 6.00 AM
Rule :
tomorrow.
Subject +
shall/ will ● She will be
+ be + watching.
verb+ ing
+....
 ● I shall have completed
future the assignment by
The future perfect tense is used
perfect Monday. to describe an action that will
tense have been completed at some
● Alex will have
point in the future.
Rule : submitted the tender
Subject + by tomorrow.
shall/ will ● He will have
+ have + completed his lunch
verb at 7 am.
3+....

● I will have been

future writing articles on
perfect different topics.
progressi
● I will have been
ve
teaching English for
Rule : 30 years.
Subject +
shall/ will ● They will have been
+ have+ playing football in
been + that field.
verb+ ing