Detailed Solution CE

12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION

1. “I have not yet decided what I will do this evening; 4. A duck named Donald Duck says “All ducks always
I _____ visit a friend.” lie.”
(a) mite (b) would Based only on the information above, which one
(c) might (d) didn’t of the following statements can be logically inferred
with certainty?
Sol: (c) (a) Donald Duck always lies.

2. Eject : Insert : : Advance : ______ (b) Donald Duck always tells the truth

R
(By word meaning) (c) Donald Duck’s statement is true.

(a) Advent (b) Progress (d) Donald Duck’s statement is false.

E
(c) Retreat (d) Loan Sol: (d)

Sol: (c) 5. A line of symmetry is defined as a line that divides

a figure into two parts in a way such that each part

T
3. In the given figure, PQRSTV is a regular hexagon is a mirror image of the other part about that line.
with each side of length 5 cm. A circle is drawn
The figure below consists of 20 unit squares
with its centre at V such that it passes through P.
What is the area (in cm2) of the shaded region?
(The diagram is representative)
S arranged as shown. In addition to the given black
squares, upto 5 more may be coloured black. Which
one among the following options depicts the
minimum number of boxes that must be coloured
A
black to achieve two lines of symmetry? (The figure
P V
is representative)
M

Q a b
T

c d
R S
25 20
(a) (b)
3 3 e f g h
S

(c) 6 (d) 7
i
Sol: (a)
IE

Sum of interior angles of any polygon j k

= (n – 2) × 180°
(a) d (b) c, d, i
= (6 – 2) × 180° = 720°
(c) c, i (d) c, d, i, f, g
 720   (n  2)  180 
Each interior angle  =    Sol: (b)
 6  n 
 = 120°
6. Based only on the truth of the statement ‘Some
 2 humans are intelligent’, which one of the following
Now, required sector area = R
360 options can be logically inferred with certainty?
120 2 (a) No human is intelligent.
=  (5)
360
(b) All humans are intelligent.
25 
=
3

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
(c) Some non-humans are intelligent. Sol: (a)
(d) Some intelligent beings are humans.

Sol: (d)
1. “Some humans are intelligent” can be
represented by Venn diagram.

Humans Intelligent

R
–17 –13 –9 –5 –1 1 5 9 13 17
Some intelligent beings
Median Mode

E
are humans is correct Mode

2. “Same human’s are intelligent” can be also –1+1

Median = =0
represented by Venn-Diagram. 2

T
Humans Mode = –13, 13 (Date with high probability)
Intelligent Its Bi-Modal data :
S So, Median  Mode

8. The James Webb telescope, recently launched in

space, is given humankind unprecedented access
A
All intelligent
to the depths of time by imaging very old stars
Being are human is correct so some intelligent
formed almost 13 billion years ago. Astrophysicists
beings are human is also correct.
and cosmologists believe that this odyssey in space
M

Hence, option (d) can be logically correct. Option may even shed light on the existence of dark
(c) same non humans are intelligent is a possibility
matter. Dark matter is supposed to interact only
only which true in (1) diagram but false in (2).
via the gravitational interaction and not through
7. Which one of the options can be inferred about the electromagnetic-, the weak - or the strong-
the mean, median, and mode for the given interaction. This may justify the epithet “dark” in
S

probability distribution (i.e. probability mass dark matter.

function), P(x), of a variable x?
Based on the above paragraph, which one of the
P(x) following statements is FALSE?
IE

(a) No other telescope has captured images of

starts older than those captured by the James
Webb telescope.

(b) People other than astrophysicists and

cosmologists may also believ e in the
-17 -13 -9 -5 -1 1 5 9 13 17 existence of dark matter.
x
(c) The James Webb telescope could be of use
(a) mean = median  mode
in the research on dark matter.
(b) mean = median = mode
(d) If dark matter was known to interact via the
(c) mean  median = mode
strong-interaction, then the epithet “dark”
(d) mean  mode = median would be justified.

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
Sol: (d) (a) 8 (b) 4
9. Let a = 30!, b = 50!, and c = 100;. Consider the (c) 12 (d) 10
following numbers:
Sol: (a)
loga c, logc a, logb a, loga b 4 cm
W hich one of the following inequalities is
CORRECT?
(a) logc a < logb a < loga b < loga c

R
(b) logc a < logb b < logb a < logb c
(c) logc a < logb a < loga c < loga b
(d) logb a < logc a < loga b < loga c

E
Sol: (a)
logC log100! 2 cm
loga C =  22

T
loga log30! Top shaded area = 4  2  = 8  2
So logaC is greatest one. 2
  22
loga log30! Bottom shaded area =  2 = 2
4
logc a = =
logc log100!
S  Total shaded area = 8  2  2  8
So, logca is smallest one.
loga log30! 11. For the integral
A
logb a = =
logb log50! 1 1
I= dx
–1 x 2
logb log50!
loga b = =
loga log30! which of the following statements is TRUE?
M

logb a  1 and loga b  1 (a) I = 0

So loga b  logb a (b) I = 2

Hence, option (a) (c) I = – 2
logc a  logb a  loga b  loga c is correct. (d) The integral does not converge
S

Sol: (d)
10. A square of side length 4 cm is given. The boundary
of the shaded region is defiend by one semi-circle 1 1
on the top and two circular arcs at the bottom,
I = 1 x 2 dx
IE

each of radius 2 cm, as shown. 1 1

= 20 dx  f( x)  f(x)
The area of the shaded region is _____cm2. x2
4 cm 1 dx
= 2 lim t 2
t 0 x
1
 1 
= 2 lim  
t  0  x t

 1
= 2 lim  1  
t0  t
1 
= 2 lim   1
 t
t0  
 1 
= 2 lim   1
2 cm  0h
h0  

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION

= 2    1 PAB 250  103

 AB =   25 N/mm2
A AB 100  100
=  (Divergent)
12. A hanger is made of two bars of different sizes. PBC 50  103
BC =   20 N/mm2
Each bar has a square cross-section. The hanger ABC 50  50
is loaded by three-point loads in the mid vertical
max =  AB  25 N/mm2
plane as shown in the figure. Ignore the self-weight
of the hanger. What is the maximum tensile stress
13. Creep of concrete under compression is defined
in N/mm 2 anywhere in the hanger without

R
as the ______
considering stress concentration effects?
(a) increase in the magnitude of strain under
constant stress

E
100 mm (b) increase in the magnitude of stress under
constant strain
(c) decrease in the magnitude of strain under

T
constant stress
100 kN 100 kN
(d) decrease in the magnitude of stress under
50 mm
S constant strain

Sol: (a)
Under sustained compressive loading, deformation
A
50 kN
in concrete increases with time even through the
(a) 15.0 (b) 25.0
applied stress level is not changed. The time
(c) 35.0 (d) 45.0 dependent component of strain is called creep.
M

Sol: (b) Hence, correct answer is (a).

A 14. A singly reinforced concrete beam of balanced

section is made of M20 grade concrete and Fe415
Side = 100 mm
grade steel bars. The magnitudes of the maximum
S

compressive strain in concrete and the tensile strain

B in the bars at ultimate state under flexure, as per
IS 456: 2000 are ______, respectively. (round off
100 kN 100 kN
IE

Side = 50 mm to four decimal places)

C (a) 0.0035 and 0.0038

50 kN
(b) 0.0020 and 0.0018

FBD (c) 0.0035 and 0.0041

50 kN 250 kN (d) 0.0020 and 0.0031
B A
Sol: (a)
Area = 50 × 50 Area = 100 × 100 Given data,
C
B Grade of concrete M-20
50 kN Grade of steel Fe-415
250 kN

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION

Balanced section, singly reinforced beam. We know,

As per Clause No. 38.1, IS 456 : 2000, es = Gs

Maximum strain in concrete at the outermost e × 0.5 = 0.15 × 2.60

compression fibre = 0.0035 0.15 × 2.60
e =
0.5
and strain in the tension reinforcement for balanced
e = 0.78
section at ultimate state under flexure
fy 17. A group of 9 friction piles are arranged in a square

R
= 0.002  grid maintaining equal spacing in all directions.
1.15 Es
Each pile is of diameter 300 mm and length 7 m.
415
= 0.002   0.0038 Assume that the soil is cohesionless with effective
1.15  2  105

E
friction angle  = 32°. What is the center-to-center
Hence, correct answer is (a). spacing of the piles (in m) for the pile group
efficiency of 60%?
15. In cement concrete mix design, with the increase

T
in water-cement ratio, which one of the following (a) 0.582 (b) 0.486
statements is TRUE? (c) 0.391 (d) 0.677
(a) Compressive strength decreases but workability
increase
S Sol: (a)

(b) Compressive strength increases but workability

decreases
A
(c) Both compressive strength and workability
decrease
M

(d) Both compressive strength and workability

increase B
n = 9
Sol: (a) Dia. of pile = 300 mm
As the water-cement ratio increases, the porosity Length of pile (L)= 7 m
in the hardened concrete increases and hence the Using the Converse Labarre formula.
S

strength decreases.
 [m  n – 1 + n  m – 1]
ng = 1–
Also, as water-cement ratio increases, ducts higher 90 mn
water availability, the workability increases. m = 3, n = 3
IE

Hence, correct answer is (a).  3× 2 + 3× 2

0.6 = 1– ×
90 3×3
16. The specific gravity of a soil is 2.60. The soil is at  12
× = 0.4
50% degree of saturation with a water content of 90 9
15%. The void ratio of the soil is _______ . 0.9 × 9 × 90
 =
(a) 0.35 (b) 0.78 12
 0.4 × 9 × 90 
(c) 0.87 (d) 1.28 tan  = tan  
 12 
Sol: (c) d
= tan 
Gs = 2.60 s

S = 50% 0.3m
= 0.5095  S = 0.588m
S
w = 15%

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
18. A possible slope failure is shown in the figure. 20. Which one of the following statements is TRUE for
Three soil samples are taken from different Greenhouse Gas (CHG) in the atmosphere?
locations (I, II and III) of the potential failure plane. (a) GHG absorbs the incoming short wavelength
Which is the most appropriate shear strength test solar radiation to the earth surface, and allows
for each of the sample to identify the failure the long wavelength radiation coming from the
mechanism? Identify the correct combination from earth surface to pass through.
the following options:
(b) GHG allows the incoming long wavelength solar
P: Triaxial compression test radiation to pass through to the earth surface,
and absorbs the short wavelength radiation

R
Q: Triaxial extension test
coming from the earth surface.
R: Direct shear or shear box test
(c) GHG allows the incoming long wavelength solar
S: Vane shear test radiation to pass through to the earth surface,

E
and allows the short wavelength of radiation
Slope face
III coming from the earh surface to pass through
(d) GHG allows the incoming short wavelength

T
solar radiation to pass through to the earth
surface, and absorbs the long wavelength
I radiation coming from the earth.
II Potential failure plane
Sol: (d)
(a) I-Q, II-R, III-P (b) I-R, II-P, III-Q
S
Green House Gas allow short wave radiation to
(c) I-S, II-Q, III-R (d) I-P, II-R, III-Q
pass through to the earth surface and absorbs the
A
Sol: (a) long wavelength radiation coming from the earth
surface.
III
21. G1 and G2 are the slopes of the approach and
V > H
M

Triaxial
departure grades of a vertical curve, respectively.
Compression
Given |G1| < |G2| and |G1|  |G2|  0
Test
I
H > V Statement 1: +G1 followed by +G2 results in a sag
II
Triaxial
Direct shear test vertical curve.
Extension
Statement 2: –G1 followed by –G2 results in a sag
S

vertical curve.
19. When a supercritical stream enters a mild-sloped
(M) channel section, the type of flow profile would Statement 3: +G1 followed by –G2 results in a crest
become _______ vertical curve.
IE

(a) M1 (b) M2 Which option amongst the following is true?

(c) M3 (d) M1 and M2 (a) Statement 1 and Statement 3 are correct;

Statement 2 is wrong
Sol: (c)
(b) Statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct;
When super critical stream enters a mild (m) Statement 3 is wrong
channel section, the type of flow.
(c) Statement 1 is correct; Statement 2 and
S1
NDL-2 Statement 3 are wrong

NDL-1 (d) Statement 2 is correct; Statement 1 and

CDL Statement 3 are wrong
Steep M3
Sol: (a)
Pofile would be M3 or S1.

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION

Given, |G1| < |G2| and |G1|  |G2|  0  ( 1  2 )  360 

The error ( ) =  2 
Statement 1:  
(56  303)  360
 here, error =   30
2
+ G2
 Correction = 30
+ G1
23. A student is scanning his 10 inch × 10 inch
|G1| < |G2|

R
certificate at 600 dots per inch (dpi) to convert it
This results in a vertical sag curve. to raster. What is the percentage reduction in
Statement 2: number of pixels if the same certificate is scanned
at 300 dpi?

E
– G1
(a) 62 (b) 88
– G2 (c) 75 (d) 50

T
Sol: (c)
|G1| < |G2| DPI = Dots Per Inch, it should be noted that DPI
This results in a vertical crest curve. is not dots per square inch.
Statement 3:
S % reduction in number of pixels
+ G1 10  600  10  600  100  300  10  300
– G2 =  100
A
10  600  10  600
2 2
|G1| < |G2| 600  300
=  100
600 2
This results in a vertical crest curve.
M

= 75%
22. The direct and reversed zenith angles observed by
24. If M is an arbitrary real n × n matrix, then which
a theodolite are 56 00 00 and 303 00 00 ,
of the following matrices will have non-negative
respectively. What is the vertical collimation eigenvalues?
correction?
(a) M2 (b) MMT
S

(a)  1 00 00 (b)  1 00 00 (c) MT M (d) (MT )2

(c)  0 30 00 (d)  0 30 00 Sol: (a, b, c, d)

IE

MX = X ...(i)
Sol: (d)
Reference [  is eigen value of (M)]
True direction Reference
True
zenith  direction
1  zenith MMx = MX
ht ht
of sig of sig
Line Line
M X =   X 
2

2
M2 X =  X ...(ii)
2

[  2 (non negative) is eigen value of M2]

Direct position Inverted position MX = X

In above example of both direct zenith angle and
MT X =  X ....(iii)
reversed zerwith angle are smaller than true value.

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
[M, MT have same eigen values] 1   nx 
=  (px 4  qx 5 ) cos   dx
MMT X = MX      
MMT X =   X  1  4 nx
p(x )cos dx
 
=
MMT X =  2 X ....(iv) 
 5 cosnx 
[  2 (none negative) is eigen value of MMT ]  qx 
is odd function 
 
MX = X So, bn depends on p.
MT X = X

R
1   nx 
MT MX = MX an =  f(x) sin   dx
     
MT MX =   X  1  nx
4 5
(px  qx ) sin dx
 
an =

E
MT MX =  X 2 ...(v) 

[  2 (non negative) is eigen value of MT M] 1   nx 

an = 0   qx 5 sin   dx
     
MX = X

T
MMX = MX  4 sinnx 
 px 
is odd function 
 
M2X =   X 
So, an depends on q.
 MT 
2
X =  X
2
S
26. consider the following three structures:
[  M, MT have same eigen value]
Internal hinge
2 2
M  X =  X ....(vi)
A
T
A B C D E
[  2 is eigen value of (MT )2 which non negative]
Hence, option A, B, C, D are correct.
L L L L
M

Structure I: Beam with hinge support at A, roller at

25. The following function is defined over the interval C, guided roller at E, and internal hinges at B and
[–L, L]: D.
f(x) = px4 + qx5 A D

If it is expressed as a Fourier series,

S

L

  x   x  
f(x) = a0   an sin    bn cos    ,
n 1   L   L  B C
IE

which options amongst the following are true? L

(a) an, n = 1, 2, …,  depend on p Structure II: Pin-jointed truss, with hinge support at
A, and rollers at B and D.
(b) an, n = 1, 2, …,  depend on q
D E F
(c) bn, n = 1, 2, …,  depend on p
(d) bn, n = 1, 2, …,  depend on q
L
Sol: (b, c)
A C
f(x) = px4 + qx5 B

1  L L
 nx 
f(x) cos   dx
 
bn = Structure III: Pin-jointed truss, with hinge support
  
at A and roller at C.

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION

Which of the following statements is/are TRUE? D E F

(a) Structure I is unstable

(b) Structure II is unstable

(c) Structure III is unstable A C

B
(d) All three structures are stable
x P
Sol: (a, b, c)

R
D F
Unstability in beam can be checked

(i) If support reactions are not enough.

E
(ii) If reactions are concurrent.

(iii) If reactions are parallel. A C

B
(iv) If there is mechanism. P/2 x P/2

T
Shear = P/2
where as for truss also along with the above given D E F
points the triangular panels are generally stable.

But, a virtual inspection must be conducted to

understand the stability.
S
C
A
A B C D E A
(I)
B
It is unstable as it shows mechanisms. 27. Identify the waterborne diseases caused by viral
M

Also to understand if we apply a vertical force at pathogens:

slider side, the deflected shape will be as follows. (a) Acute anterior poliomyelitis
B F
(b) Cholera
C D E
A (Unstable) (c) Infectious hepatitis
B
(d) Typhoid fever
S

E
D
Sol: (a, c)
(II) The frame is internally stable but all the
reactions are concurrent and meeting at hinge A, Water Borne Disease caused by
IE

and the frame can rotate about A. Hence, it is (i) Bacterial— (a) Typhoid
unstable.
D
(b) Cholera
A
(ii) Virus— (a) Jaundice (Hapatitis virus)
(b) Poliomyetitis
(iii) Protozoa— Amoebic dysentry

B C 28. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE for

the Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) in the context of
(III) The frame is unstable because it cannot resist Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management?
shear in DE and AB since DE and AB are slender (a) Higher Heating Value (HHV) of the unprocessed
members. MSW is higher than the HHV of RDF processed
from the same MSW.

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
(b) RDF can be made in the powdered form dy
30. In the differential equation + axy = 0 , a is
dx
(c) Inorganic fraction of MSW is mostly converted
positive constant. If y = 1.0 at x = 0.0, and y = 0.8
to RDF.
at x = 1.0, the value of a is _____ (rounded off to
(d) RDF cannot be used in conjunction with oil. three decimal places).
Sol: (b, c) Sol: (- 0.446)
(a) is false. The Higher Heating Value (HHV) of dy
Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) processed from   xy = 0
dx

R
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is typically higher
dy
than the HHV of unprocessed MSW. This is =  xy
dx
because RDF processing removes non-combustible
materials f rom MSW and concentrates the dy

E
=  x dx
combustible fraction. y

(b) is true. RDF can be produced in various forms dy

 dx =   x dx  C

T
including pellets, fluff, and powdered form. The
form of RDF depends on the specific process and
x 2
intended end use. ln y =  C …(i)
2
(c) is partially true. RDF processing typically
S Put y = 1 at x = 0
removes a significant portion of the inorganic
ln1 = 0 + C
fraction of MSW, but not all of it. The remaining
C = 0
A
inorganic fraction is typically mixed with the RDF
product.
x 2
lny = 
(d) is false. RDF can be used as a fuel in a variety 2
of combustion systems, including those that burn
M

Put y = 0.8 at x = 1
oil. In fact, RDF is often used as a supplemental
fuel in cement kilns and other industrial processes 
ln(0.8) = 
that also use oil as a fuel. 2
 = –2ln (0.8)
29. The probabilities of occurrences of two independent
events A and B are 0.5 and 0.8, respectively. What  = –0.4462
S

is the probability of occurrence of at least A or B = –0.4462

(rounded off to one decimal place)?________
31. Consider the fillet-welded lap joint shown in the
Sol: (0.9)
IE

figure (Not to scale). The length of the weld shown

P(A) = 0.5 in the effective length. The welded surface meet
at right angle. The weld size is 8 mm, and the
P(B) = 0.8
permissible stress in the weld is 120 MPa. What is
Probability of occurence of atleast A or B = the safe load P (in kN, rounded off to one decimal
P(A  B) place) that can be transmitted by this welded joint ?

75 mm
P(A  B) = P(A)  P(B)  P(A  B)

= 0.5 + 0.8 – P(A) × P(B) P

50 mm
P

= 0.5 + 0.8 – 0.5 × 0.8

= 1.3 – 0.4
= 0.9

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
Sol: (134.4 kN) Sol: (0.046)
Given data, Area (A) = 100 ha
Weld size = 8 mm Total duration of irrigation = 120 days
Permissible stress = 120 MPa Total depth of water required = 35 cm
75 mm Intense irrigation (A)

Time (BA) = 30 days

50 mm

R
P P
Depth of water (  A ) = 12 cm

8.64 BA
Duty (DA) = A

E
Effective throat thickness, te = 0.7 × Weld size
8.64  30
DA =
= 0.7 × 8 = 5.6 mm 0.12

T
Total effective length of weld,  e = 2 × 75 + 50 DA = 2160 ha/cumec

= 200 mm Discharge required,

Safe load ‘P’ in kN rounded upto one decimal A


palce
S QA = D
A

100
= 5.6 × 200 × 120 × 10–3 QA =  0.0463 m3 /s
2160
A
= 134.4 kN
Remaining irrigation (B)
32. A drained direct shear test was carried out on a
Duration (BB) = 90 days
sandy soil. Under a normal stress of 50 kPa, the
M

test specimen field at shear stress of 35 kPa. The Depth of water ( B ) = 23 cm

angle of internal friction of the sample is _____
degree (round off to the nearest integer). 8.64  90
Duty (DB) =
0.23
Sol: (35)
DB = 3380.87 ha/cumec
Given, n = 50 kPa
S

A
 f = 35 kPa Discharge required (QB) =
DB
For sandy soil, C = 0
 QB = 0.0296 m3/s
Shear stress =  f = C + n tan f
IE

Hence, minimum capacity required = 0.0463 m3/s.

35 = 50 tan f
34. The ordinates of a one-hour unit hydrograph for a
f = 35°
catchment are given below :
33. A canal supplies water to an area growing wheat
over 100 hectares. The duration between the first t  hour  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
and last watering is 120 days, and the total depth Q  m s  0 9 21 18 12 5 2 0
3

of water required by the crop is 35 cm. The most

intense watering is required over a period of 30 Using the principle of superposition, a D-hour unit
days and requires a total depth of water equal to hydrograph for the catchment was derived from
12 cm. Assuming precipitation to be negligible and the one-hour unit hydrograph. The ordinate of the
neglecting all losses, the minimum discharge (in D-hour unit hydrograph were obtained as 3 m3/s at
m3/s, rounded off to three decimal places) in the t = 1 hour and 10 m3/s at t = 2 hour. the value of
canal to satisfy the crop requirement is ______. D (in integer) is _____.

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
Sol: (3-3) (b) the numerical value of the area obtained using
t [1 hr UH] [1 hr UH] Again 1 hr 3 hr hydrograph Ordinate of
the trapezoidal rule will be more than the
(hour) Q (m3/s) legged U.H. legged col.(1) + col.(2) 3 hr U.H. actual.
by 1 hr 1 hr + col.(3)

0 0 — — 0 0 (c) the numerical value of the area obtained using

1 9 0 — 0 3
the trapezoidal rule will be exactly equal to
2 21 9 0 30 10
3 18 21 9 48 16 the actual.
4 12 18 21 51 17
(d) with the given details, the numerical value of
5 5 12 18 35 11.67
6 2 5 12 19 6.33 area cannot be obtained using trapezoidal rule

R
7 0 2 5 7 2.33
8 0 2 2 0.67
Sol: (a)
9 0 0 0
Approximated function has under estimation so
Clearly seen numerical value of the area obtained using

E
The duration D = 3 hours trapezoidal rule will be less than the actual.

f(x)
35. For a horizontal curve, the radius of a circular

T
curve is obtained as 300 m with the design speed
as 15 m/s. If the allowable jerk is 0.75 m/s3, what
is the minimum length (in m, in integer) of the
transition curve ? _____.
S (0,0)
Sol: (15 m) xl xu x

37. Consider a doubly reinforced RCC beam with the

A
Radius of circular curve (R) = 300 m
option of using either Fe250 plain bars or Fe500
Vd = 15 m/s
deformed bars in the compression zone. The
Allowable jerk (C) = 0.75 m/sec3
modulus of elasticity of steel is 2×105 N/mm2. As
M

v3 per IS456-2000, in which type(s) of the bars, the

Lmin =
CR stress in the compression steel (f sc) can reach the
design strength (0.87f y) at the limit state of
(15)3
Lmin =  15 m collapse ?
0.75  (300)
(a) Fe250 plain bars only
S

 Minimum length of transition curve = 15 m.

36. A function f(x), that is smooth and convex-shaped (b) Fe500 deformed bars only
between interval (x1, xu) is shown in the figure. (c) Both Fe250 plain bars and Fe500 deformed
IE

This function is observed at odd number of regularly bars

spaced points. If the area under the function is
computed numerically, then _______. (d) Neither Fe250 plain bars nor Fe500 deformed
bars.
f(x) Actual
Approximation function Sol: (a)

In a doubly reinforced beam, at the limit state of

collapse. The strain in the extreme corression fibre
will be 0.0035. As the compression reinforcement
(0,0)
will be below this, the strain in if will be always
xl xu x
less than 0.0035.
(a) the numerical value of the area obtained using
the trapezoidal rule will be less than the For Fe250, the yield strain
actual.

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION

0.87  250 A
= 5
 0.0010875 ZP = (y1  y 2 )
2  10 2
For Fe500, the yield strain  b  11 
=  3b   b  b  2  b
 2  20 
0.87 fy
= 0.002  11 3
Es
= b
4
0.87  500
= 0.002  3 3
2  105 b  (3b) 2b(b)

R

I 12 12
= 0.004175 > 0.0035 
Ze = y 3b
max
So, it is possible that Fe250 can reach upto its 2
yield strain and hence can reach the design strength

E
29 3
Ze = b
0.87fy. 18
Hence, correct answer is (a). 11 3
b

T
ZP
38. Consider the horizontal axis passing through the Shape factor (S) =  4  1.7
Z e 29 b 3
centroid of the steel beam cross-section shown in 18
the figure. What is the shape factor (rounded off to 39. Consider the pin-jointed truss shown in the figure
one decimal place) for the cross-section ?
S (not to scale). All members have the same axial
rigidity, AE. Members QR, RS, and ST have the
b same length L. Angles OBT, RCT, SDT are all 90°.
A
Angles BQT, CRT, DST are all 30°. The joint T
carries a vertical load P. The vertical deflection of
b
PL
joint T is k . What is the value of k ?
M

AE
b
Q
L
b b b
(a) 1.5 (b) 1.7 30° R
S

(c) 1.3 (d) 2.0 L

Sol: (b)
S
IE

L
b
60°
y1 T
b B C D
y2
P
b
(a) 1.5 (b) 4.5

b b b
(c) 3.0 (d) 9.0

 bb Sol: (b)

 3b      (b  b)(b)
 2  4 11
y1 = = b
 b 20
 3b    b  b
 2

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION

LQT  3 L (a) Peak point of the compaction curve gives

L LBT the maximum dry unit weight and optimum
Q  cos 60 
3L moisture content.
3L
 LBT  (b) With increase in the compaction effort, the
R L 2
maximum dry unit weight increases.
L (c) With increase in the compaction effort, the
S
optimum moisture content decreases.
(d) Compaction curve cross the zero-air-voids

R
T curve.
B C D
P Sol: (d)

E
Considering joint T, Line of optimum

FQT Line of optimum

FQT sin 60°

FQT cos 60°

T  dmax 2
S  dmax1
FBT
P
A
 Fy  0, FQT sin 60  P
2P
 FQT = 100% saturation line or zero void line.
3
Compaction curve never crosses the zero-air-voids
M

 Fx  0, FBT = FQT cos 60

curve.
P 41. Consider that a force P is acting on the surface of
= 
3 a half-space (Boussingesq’s problem). The
 P2L   P2L  expression for the vertical stress (  z ) at any point
 Strain energy (U) =  2AE    2AE 
 QT  BT (r,z) with the half-space is given as,
S

2 2
 2P   P   3L  3P z3
  (3L)      z = 2 2 5/2
 3  3  2  r + z2 
= 
2AE 2AE
IE

2P2  L P2  L where, r is the radial distance, and z is the depth

=  with downward direction taken as positive. At any
AE 4AE
given r, there is a variation of  z along z, and at
8P2L  P2L 9P 2L
= a specific z, the value of  z will be maximum.
4AE 4AE
What is the locus of the maximum  z ?
 Vertical deflection of joint T
2 3 2 3 3 2
U 18PL PL (a) z = r (b) z = r
=  = 4.5 2 2
P 4AE AE
2 5 2 3 5 2
 K = 4.5 (c) z = r (d) z = r
2 2
40. With reference to the compaction test conducted Sol: (a)
on soils, which of the following is INCORRECT ?

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION

The expression for the vertical stress (  2 ) at any  t = 18 kN m3

point (r, z) with the half-space is given as
 sat = 20 kN/m3
3
3P z 3
z = 2 2 5/2
qnu = 1706 kPa,  w = 10kN m
r + z2  Plate load test data :
For  z to be maximum dia. (d) = 30 cm with no water able effect.
qu plate = ?
3
z 3P   z 
For footing :

R
= 0   5/2 
z 2 z   r 2 + z 2  
 
qnu = 1706 kPa
5/2 3/2
 2 3 5 2 
r + z  – z ×  r + z  × 2z 
2 2
3P  2  =0 qnu = 0 + q Nq – 1 + 0.4BN

E
=
2 r 2 + z2 5 qnu = 18 ×1×  58 – 1× + 0.4 × 2.5 ×  20 – 10 × ×N
=  r 2 + z 2   3z 2  – 5z 4  = 0 1706 – 18 × 57 
N =  N = 68

T
= 3r 2 + 3z 2 = 5z 2  0.4 × 2.5 ×10 

qyplage = 0.3 × d×  t ×N

3r 2
z2 =
2 quplate = 0.3 × 0.3 ×18 × 68
42. A square footing of size 2.5 m × 2.5 m is placed
S = 110.16 kPa
1.0 m below the ground surface on a cohesion 43. A very wide rectangular channel carries a discharge
homogeneous soil stratum. Considering that the
A
(Q) of 70 m3/s per meter width. Its bed slope
groundwater table is located at the base of the changes from 0.0001 to 0.0009 at a point P, as
footing, the unit weights of soil above and below shown in the figure (not to scale). The Manning’s
the groundwater table are 18 kN/m3 and 20 kN/m3, roughness coefficient of the channel is 0.01. What
M

respectively, and the bearing capacity factor Nq is water surface profile(s) exist(s) near the point P ?
58, the net ultimate baring capacity of the soil is 3
Q = 70 m /s per meter width
estimated as 1706 kPa (unit weight of water
10 kN/m3). P
S0 = 0.0001
Earlier, a plate load test was carried out with a
S

circular place of 30 cm diameter in the same S0 = 0.0009

foundation pit during a dry season, when the water
(a) M2 and S2
table was located beyond the plate influence zone.
IE

Using Terzaghi’s bearing capacity formulation, what (b) M2 only

is the ultimate bearing capacity (in kPa_ of the (c) S2 only
plate ?
(d) S2 and hydraulic jump
(a) 110.16 (b) 61.20
Sol: (a)
(c) 204.00 (d) 163.20
q = 70 m 3 s m
Sol: (a)
M2
S0 = 0.0001 P
S2
1.0m
y
2 =
6.
61 yC = 7.934
2.5m × 2.5 m 9
m
S0 = 0.0009

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
 = 0.01
Fx = AV1(V1  u)
1/3 1/3
 q3   70 2 
Critical depth, yC =   =  % efficiency of the plates
 g   9.81 
Fx u  100
= 7.934 m =
1
QV12
For normal depth of flow for wide rectangular 2
channel. P  Q(V1  u)u  100
= 1
For bed slope (0.001) QV12
2

R
 1 2/3  2(V1  u) u  100
Q =  R S × A =
V12
 
2(20  15)  15
A y =  100

E
R = = =y 202
P B + 2y
= 37.5%
1 2/3
Q =  y S × By 45. In the following table, identify the correct set of

T
n
associations between the entries in Column-1 and
1 5/3 Column-2.
q = y S
n

 qn 
3/5
 70 × 0.01 
3/5
S Column-1 Column-2
y1 =     P : Reverse Osmosis I : Ponding
 S  0.0001 
Q : Trickling Filter II : Freundlich Isothrem
= 12.796 m > yc (Mild slope)
A
R : Coagulation III : Concentration Polarization
y2 = 6.619 m < yc (Steep slope) S : Adsorption IV : Charge Neutralization
The profile would be M2 and S2.
(a) P-II, Q-I, S-III (b) Q-III, R-II, S-IV
M

44. A jet of water having a velocity of 20 m/s strikes (c) P-IV, R-I, S-II (d) P-III, Q-I, R-IV
a series of plats fixed radially on a wheel revolving Sol: (d)
in the same direction a the jet at 15 m/s. What is
46. A plot of speed-density relationship (linear) of two
the percentage efficiency of the plates ? (round off
roads (Road A and Road B) is shown in the figure.
to one decimal place).
S

(a) 37.5 (b) 66.7

uA
(c) 50.0 (d) 88.9 Road A
IE

uB
Sol: (a)
Speed, u

Given water jet velocity (V1) = 20 m/s

Road B
Wheel velocity (u) = 15 m/s
Density, k kA kB

If the capacity of Road A is CA and the capacity of

CA
Road B is CB, what is ?
CB

Plate kA uA
Jet (a) k (b) u
B B
V1
x u k AuA k A uB
(c) k u (d) k u
B B B A

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
Sol: (c) A and A T both have same eigen values and eigen
vectors.
uA
Ax = x …(i)
uB
1 1
A Ax = A (x)  A x
 1

 x = A 1x

R
kA kB
1
For, Road ‘A’: A 1x =  x

v f = uA, kj = k A

E
1
u k So, eigen value and eigen vector of A 1 is  x
cA = A A
4
and x.

T
cA = Capacity of road,
48. For the function f(x) = ex|sinx|; x   , which of the
For Road ‘B’:
following statements is/are TRUE?
v f = Free flow speed = uB
kj = Jam density = kB
S (a) The function is continuous at all x
(b) The function is differentiable at all x
u k
Capacity of Road ‘B’ (cB) = B B
A
(c) The function is periodic
4
cA uA k A u k (d) The function is bounded
 =  A A
cB  uB kB  uBkB Sol: (a)
4
M


 4  f(x) = ex|sinx|
47. For the matrix f(x)

1 2 3 
 A  = 3 2 1  x
3 1 2 
 
S

Which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

From above graph its clear that for every x  
(a) The eigenvalues of [A] T are same as the
lim f(x  h)  lim f(x  h)  f(x)
IE

eigenvalues of [A] h0 h0

(b) The eigenvalues of [A]–1 are the reciprocals of So, function is always continuous but in the graph
the eigenvalues of [A] there are corner points so f unction is not
(c) The eigenvectors of [A] T are same as the differentiable.
eigenvectors of [A] 49. Consider the beam shown in the figure (not to
(d) The eigenvectors of [A]–1 are same as the scale), on a hinge support at end A and a roller
eigenvectors of [A] support at end B. The beam has a constant flexural
rigidity, and is subjected to the external moments
Sol: (a, b, c, d) of magnitude M at one-third spans, as shown in
Ax = x …(i) the figure. Which of the following statements is/
are TRUE?
A T x = x …(ii)

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
M M (b) Ventilation coefficient depends on Dmax
A B
(c) A smaller Dmax will have a smaller air pollution
potential if other meteorological conditions
L L L remain same
(a) Support reactions are zero (d) Vertical dispersion of pollutants occurs up to
(b) Shear force is zero everywhere Dmax
(c) Bending moment is zero everywhere Sol: (b, d)

R
(d) Deflection is zero everywhere The depth of mixing layer in which vertical
Sol: (a, b) movement of pollutants are possible is called
maximum mixing depth (MMD).
M M

E
C D An air parcel at temperature rises and cools. The
A B
level where its temperature becomes equal to
L L L surrounding air gives the maximum mixing depth

T
RA RB value.

Using equilibrium equations Also, ventilation coefficient = MMD × Average wind

speed
 MA 0
S High value of ventilation coefficient leads to low
air pollution potential.
 –M + M – RB × (3L) = 0
51. Which of the following options match the test
A
 RB  0 reporting conventions with the given material tests
in the table?
 FV  0  R A  RB  0
 RA  0 Test reporting convention Material test
M

 P  Reported as ratio I Solubility of bitumen

SFD  Q  Reported as percentage II Softening point of bitumen
 R  Reported in temperature III Los Angeles abrasion test
A B
3L  S  Reported in length IV  Flash point of bitum en
 V  Ductility of bitumen
 No shear force throught the span.
S

 VI Specific gravity of bitumen

 VII Thin film oven test
BMD
C (a) P-VI, Q-I, R-II, S-VII
L L L
IE

(b) P-VI, Q-III, R-IV, S-V

A B
C D
(c) P-VI, Q-I, R-II, S-V
–ve
(d) P-VI, Q-III, R-IV, S-VII
M M
Sol: (b)
As there is BM in span CD, which leads to curvature
in CD. i.e. deflection is not zero everywhere. (I) Solubility of bitumen: It is defined as weight
of bitumen soluble in 100 ml of carbon
50. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE in disulphide.
relation to the maximum mixing depth (or Height)
(II) Softening point of bitumen: It is the
‘Dmax’ in the atmosphere? temperature at which bitumen attains a
(a) Dmax is always equal to the height of the layer particular degree of softneess.
of unstable air (III) Los angles abrasion test: It is reported as
percentage of material finer than 1.7 mm with

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
2
respect to total weight. 6 N/mm
(IV) Flash point of bitumen: It is the lowest
2
temperature at which bitumen catch five 3 N/mm
2
momentarily. 4 N/mm
2 5 N/mm
45°
(V) Ductility of bitumen: Ductility is measured by
stretching a standard briquette of bitumen. The
distance in cm that the briquette can be
stretched before breaking is the ductility. 2

R
2
5 N/mm 4 N/mm
(VI) Specific gravity of bitumen: It is the ratio of 2
3 N/mm
unit weight of bitumen to unit weight of water.
2
(VII) Thin film oven test: It measure mass charge 6 N/mm

E
a sample as a percent of initial mass. Sol: (7)
52. The differential equation, y

du 2 6 N/mm2

T
+ 2tu  1,
dt
is solved by employing a backward differnce 3 N/mm2 x
2 2
scheme within the finite difference framework. The m m
/m /m
S
value of u at the (n–1)th time-step, for some n, is
1.75. The corresponding time (t) is 3.14s. Each
45° 4N
45°
5N

x
time step is 0.01 s long. Then, the value of (un –
A
un–1) is ______(round off to three decimal places).
45°
Sol: (0.1822)
Plane x
du
= 1 – 2tu2 …(i)
M

dt y = 6 N/mm2
du xy = 3 N/mm2
= f(t, u)
dt x xy
 f(t, u) = 1 – 2tu2 x
45°
xy
Eulers backward difference scheme
S

xy
un – un–1 = hf(tn, un) = h(1 – 2 tnun2) y = 6 N/mm2

= 0.01(1 – 2 × 3.14 × 1.752) On plane x    x  5 N/mm2

IE

= –0.1822 x y  4 N / mm2

53. The infinitesimal element shown in the figure (not Using transformation equations:
to scale) represents the state of stress at a point
 x  y   x  y 
in a body. What is the magnitude of the maximum x  =      cos 2  xy sin2
principal stress (in N/mm2, in integer) at the point?  2   2 
________
 x  6   x  6 
5 =    cos(2  45)  3 sin(90)
 2   2 

  x = –2 N/mm2

2
x  y  x  y  2
major /minor =     xy
2  2 

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
40 cm
2
2  6  2  6  2 Y
major /minor =
2
 
2  3 10 cm
 

major /minor = 2 ± 5
X X
50 cm
 major = 7 N/mm2, minor = –3 MPa

Hence, magnitude of maximum principal stress is

7 N/mm2. Y

R
20 cm
54. An idealised bridge truss is shown in the figure.
Sol: (468810)
The force in Member U2L3 is ________ kN (round
y
off to one decimal place).

E
40 cm
20 kN 20 kN 20 kN 20 kN 20 kN
U0 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6
I A1 10 cm

T
3m

L1 L2 L3 L4 L5
C.G.
x x
6@3m=18m
S II 50 cm
Sol: (14.1) A2 y
20 20 x 20 20 20
Reference
A
U0 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 20 cm axis
y
3m 50 As section is symmetric about given y-y axis, hence
50
centroid will lie on this axis.
M

L1 L2 L3 L4 L5
x To calculate location of C.G. from response axis
6 @ 3 m = 18 m (bottom horizontal line); y
20 20
A1y1  A 2 y2
x y =
U0 U1 U2 A1  A 2
S

(40  10)  55  (20  50)  (25)

y =
50 FU2L3 40  10  20  50
IE

y = 33.5714 cm (from bottom)

L1 L2
x
MOI of section about xx (centroidal horizontal axis)
 Fy  0, 50  20  20  FU2L3 sin 45  0 I = II, xx + III, xx

10 b1d13
 FU2L3 =  14.14 kN II, xx =  (b1d1 )  d2
sin 45 12
 Rounding off to one decimal.
40 = b 1
55. The cross-section of a girder is shown in the figure
(not to scale). The section is symmetric about a 10 = d1
(C.G.) 1
vertical axis (Y-Y). the moment of inertia of the
section about the horizontal axis (X-X) passing d = (55 – y)
through the centroid is _______ cm4 (round off to
nearest integer). x x

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
Now, for given stress condition C +  t z cos2  tan 
FOS =
 t z cos  sin 
40  103
II, xx =  (40  10)(55  33.57)2 For critical height FOS = 1
12
C +  t zcos2  tan 
II,xx = 187031.29 cm4 FOS = 1
 t z cos  sin 
b2 = 20 cm
= 19 ×HC × cos35 sin35

= 15 +19 ×HC × cos 2 35 tan25

R
x x HC = 5.03 m
d
57. A smooth vertical retaining wall supporting layered

E
(CG)2 d2 = 50 cm
soils is shown in figure. According to Rankine’s
25 cm earth pressure theory, the lateral active earth
pressure acting at the base of the wall is ______

T
kPa (round off to one decimal place)
d = y  25 S Surcharge load, q = 20 kPa

d = 8.5714 cm Smooth vertical Layer 1:

retaining wall Bulk unit weight = 18 kN/m 3
3m Angle of internal friction = 32°
b2 d23
III, xx =  (b2  d2 )  d2 Cohesion = 0 kPa
12
A
20  503
III, xx =  (20  50)  (8.57)2 Layer 2:
12 Bulk unit weight = 19 kN/m
3

4m Angle of internal friction = 25°

III, xx = 281778.23 cm4
M

Cohesion = 20 kPa
Hence, MOI of whole section

Ixx = II,xx + III,xx

Base of the wall
Ixx = 468809.52 cm4
Sol: (32.0-37.0)
S

56. A soil having the average properties, bulk unit weight

1– sin25
= 19 kN/m3; angle of internal friction = 25° and Ka2 =
1+ sin25
cohesion = 15 kPa, is being formed on a rock slope Active earth pressure at the base of the wall.
existing at an inclination of 35° with the horizontal.
IE

 Pa Base = Ka 2  q + 1z1 +  2 z2  – 2C Ka 2
The critical height (in m) of the soil formation up to
which it would be stable without any failure is = 0.405 + 8  20 +18 × 3 + 19 × 4  – 2 × 20 × 0.4058
________ (round off to one decimal place). = 35.39 kN/m2
[Assume the soil is being formed parallel to the 58. A vertical trench is excavated in a clayey soil
rock bedding plane and there is no ground water deposit having a surcharge load of 30 kPa. A fluid
effect.] of unit weight 12 kN/m3 is poured in the trench to
prevent collapse as the excavation proceeds.
Sol: (5.03 m)
Assume that the fluid is not seeping through the
Given, t = 19 kN/m3 soil deposit. If the undrained cohesion of the clay
 = 25° deposit is 20 kPa and saturated unit weight is 18
C 15 kPa kN/m3, what is the maximum depth of unsupported
 = 35°
excavation (in m, rounded off to two decimal
For C –  soil places)? _________

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION

places)? _________ Ka = 1

+ 30 2C K a
Sol: (3.33 m)
30 kPa sub = 18 – 12 = 6

x
Failure plane
x
45°
V sub

R
30 × 1
Q
We know,   45  here Q = 0 P =  v K a  2C K a
2
 Failure plane is at 45° P =  30   sub z   1  2C  1

E
It is said that there is no seepage hence no flow When P = 0,
of fluid. But considering the fluid is there in the
30 + 6z – 2 × 20 = 0
pores.

T
 6z = 10
Also, considering given  sat is the value for given
10
fluid. z =
6
 sub =  sat   fluid
S 10

 Unsupported excavation = 2   3.33 m
6
= 18 – 12
59. A 12-hour storm occurs over a catchment and
A
= 6 kN/m3 results in a direct runoff depth of 100mm. The
Now, equating the forces on the considered failure time-distribution of the rainfall intensity is shown in
plane. As it is clay Q = 0, Ka = 1. the figure (not to scale). The  – index of the storm
M

1 is (in mm, rounded off to two decimal places)

  x  x  1  sub  sin 45  30  x sin 45
2 ______.
Rainfall Intensity (mm/hour)

= Cx 2
3x = 10
S

 x = 3.33 m 20

30 kPa
IE

x
Failure plane
x 0
0 4 6 12
45°
V sub Time (hour)

Solving with lateral earth pressure approach. Sol: (10/3)

D = 12 hrs.
Direct runoff (R) = 100 mm = 10 cm

P–R
 – index =
Duration

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
Rainfall intensity

 25 
 140 –  – 100
 9  = 3.602
 – index =  2
12 –  1+ 
 3
3rd trial :

4 6 12
P = total rainfall 2

R
20 mm/hr
P = Area under above diagram

1
P = × 12 + 2  × 20
2 –10/3 mm/hr.

E
12 hr.
= 14 ×10 = 140mm = 14cm 4 6
t2
t1 t2
14 – 10 4
 – index = =

T
12 12 20 3.6 × 4
3.6 = 0 + × t 3  t 1 = = 0.72 hr
1 10 4 20
= cm hr. = mm hr.
3 3 20 3.6 × 6
3.6 = 0 + × t 2  t 2 = = 1.3
S +
Area of unshaded region
20
2
20 mm/hr 1 1
= × 3.6 × t1 + × 3.6 × t 2
A
2 2
1 1
–10/3 mm/hr. = × 3.6 × 0.72 + × 3.6 ×1.0
2 2
M

= 3.24 mm
4 6
t2 140 – 3.24  – 100
t1  – index = = 3.604 mm
12 –  0.72 + 1.08 
2nd Trial :
  – index for -12 hr. in mm
Area of shadedregion– R
 – index = t1 = 3.6 ×12 = 43.2mm
S

10 20 2 60. A hydraulic jump occurs ina 1.0 m wide horizontal,

= 0+ × t1  t1 = hr.
frictionless, rectangular channel, with a pre-jump
3 4 3
10 20 1
depth of 0.2 m and a post-jump depth of 1.0 m.
IE

= 0+ × t 2  t 2 = hr. The value of g may be taken as 10 m/s2. The

3 6 2
values of the specific force at the pre-jump and
2 
t1 = 12 –  t1 + t 2  = 12 –  + 1 hr. post-jump sections are same and are equal to (in
3 
m3, rounded off to two decimal places) ______.
Area of shaded region = Total – Unshaded region
Sol: (0.60-0.64)
Area of unshaded region
1 10 1 10  Given,
= × × t1 + × × t 2
2 3 3 3 2 B = 1.0 m
1 10 2 1 10 y1 = 0.2 m
= × × + × ×1
2 3 3 2 3
y2 = 1.0 m
25
= g = 10 m/s
9
The value of specific force

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION

P M 12 5 –0.5t 2
= = constant = 5 ×  t 0 + e 0
w –0.5
P1  M1 P2  M2 = 60 +10 1– e –0.5×12 
= 
w w
= 69.975 mm = 70 mm
Q2
= Ay1  …(i) 62. The composition and energy content of a
Ag
representative solid waste sample are given in the
For horizontal, frictionless rectangular channel
table. If the moisture content of the waste is 26%,
2q2 the energy content of the solid waste on dry-weight

R
 = y1y2(y1 + y2) basis is __________ MJ/kg (round off to one
g
decimal place).
1 0.2  (1.2)  10
Q = (B = 1 m)

E
2 Energy content
Percent by
Component as – discarded basis
= 1.095 m3/s/m mass
 MJ / kg
Q = 1.095 m3/s

T
Food waste 20 4.5
0.2 1.0952
Now, specific force = 0.2  1 
2 1 0.2  10
= (0.62) m3
S Paper 45 16.0
61. In Horton’s equation fitted to the infiltration data
for a soil, the initial infiltration capacity is 10 mm/
Cardboard 5 14.0
A
h; final infiltration capacity is 5 mm/h; and the
exponential decay constant is 0.5 /h. Assuming
that the infiltration takes place at capacity rates,
the total infiltration depth (in mm) from a uniform Plastics 10 32.0
M

storm of duration 12 h is ________. (round off to

one decimal place)
Others 20 8.0
Sol: (70 mm)
f 0 = 10 meter
Sol: (18.4)
f C = 5meter
S

K = 0.5 hr–1 Assuming 1 Kg of solid waste

f = fc +  f0 – f c  e –Kt Component Percent by Mas Energy Energy of

mas (Kg) content waste (MJ)
IE

f = 5 + 5e –0.5×t
At capacity rates i.e. t   Food waste 20 0.2 4.5 0.2  4.5  0.9
f = 5 + 5e –0.5×

= 5 meters Paper 45 0.45 16.0 0.45  16  7.2

Infiltration in 12 hr. = 5 × 12 = 60 mm
Carboard 5 0.05 14.0 0.05  14  0.7
If above is not the case :
then Plastics 10 0.10 32.0 0.1  32  32

Infiltration =  f dt Others 20 0.20 8.0 0.2  8  1.6

12
–0.5t
=  5 + 5e
0
dt

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION
Energy produce from 1 Kg work = 13.6 mJ G15C  G5C
=  100
Moisture content = 26% G15C
= 13.38%
Solid content = 100 – 26 = 74%
64. The wastewater inflow to an activated sludge plant
Therefore 1Kg of waste consist of = 0.74 Kg dry
is 0.5 m3/s, and the plant is to be operated with a
mass
food to microorganism ratio of 0.2 mg/mg-d. The
 Energy content based on dry weight concentration of influent biodegradable organic
matter of the wastewater to the plant (after primary

R
13.6
= = 18.378 mJ/Kg settling) is 150 mg/L, and the mixed liquor volatile
0.74
suspended solids concentration to be maintained
 18.40 MJ/Kg
in the plant is 2000 mg/L. Assuming that complete

E
63. A flocculator tank has a volume of 2800 m3. The removal of biodegradable organic matter in the
temperature of water in the tank is 15°C, and the tank, the volume of aeration tank (in m3, in integer)
average velocity gradient maintained in the tank is required for the plant is __________.
100/s. The temperature of water is reduced to 5°C,

T
Sol: (16200)
but all other operating conditions including the
power input are maintained as the same. The GIven,
decrease in the average velocity gradient (in%) Qi = 6.5 m3/s
due to the reduction in water temperature is
S = 0.5 × 24 × 60 × 60
_______ (round off to nearest integer).
= 43200 m3/d
[Consider dynamic viscosity of water at 15°C and
A
5°C as 1.139×10–3 N-s/m2 and 1.518×10–3 N-s/m2, F
= 0.2 (mg/mg-d)
respectively] M
Sol: (13) S0 = 150 mg/l
M

Given, X = 2000 mg/l

Volume of flocculation tank (V) = 2800 m3 F Q 0 S0
 =
At T = 15°C M VX
G15°C = 100/s, 43200  150
0.2 =
S

V  2000
15C = 1.139 × 10–3 N-s/m2
V = 16200 m3
At T = 5°C
Volume of aeration tank = 16200 m3.
IE

G5°C = ?
65. Trigonometric levelling was carried out from two
5C = 1.518 × 10–3 N-s/m2 stations P and Q to find the reduced level (R.L.) of
 Temporal mean velocity gradient, the top of hillock, as shown in the table. The
distance between stations P and Q is 55m. Assume
P stations P and Q, and the hillock are in the same
G =
V vertical plane. The R. L. of the top of the hillock
P and V are constant. (in m) is ____________ (round off to three decimal
So, G2  = constant places).

1002 × 1.139 × 10–3 = G52C  1.518  10 3

G5°C = 86.62 sec–1
The decrease in velocity gradient

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 Detailed Solution CE
12-02-2023 | FORENOON SESSION

Vertical angle of Staff reading R.L. of

Station
the top of hillock on benchmark benchmark

P 1845 2.340m 100.000m

Q 1245 1.660m 2.34

Sol: (137.682) 1.66 P

55 x
Q
100

R
Datum

While taking reading from P,

RL of hillock = HIP  x tan 1845

E
= 100  2.34  x tan1845

While taking reading from Q.

T RL of hillock = HIQ  (x  55) tan 1245

S = 100  1.66  (x  55) tan 1245

Equating both,
A
100  2.34  x tan1845  100  1.66  (x  55)tan1245

2.34 + 0.339x = 1.66 + 12.445 + 0.226x

 x = 104.115
M

 RL of hillock

= 100 + 2.34 + 104.115 tan 1845

= 137.682
S
IE

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