Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur

Department of Mathematics
Mathematics-I (MAL-101)
Assignment on sequence, series, improper integrals

Sequences:
1. Discuss the convergence or otherwise of the following sequences.
{ } { 2 }
n n +1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(i) 2
(ii) 2
(iii) 1 + + + · · · + (iv) 1 + + + + · · · +
n +1 2n + 3 2 3 n 1! 2! 3! n!
( ) n1
(2n)! 1 1 1
(v) (vi) + + ··· + .
n!n! n+1 n+2 2n
2. Show that the sequence {rn } (i) diverges to +∞ if r > 1, (ii) converges to 1 if r = 1, (iii)
converges to 0 if −1 < r < 1, (iv) is oscillating finitely if r = −1, (v) is oscillating infinitely
if r < −1.
√ √
3. Prove that the sequence {an } defined by a1 = 2, an+1 = 2an for all n ≥ 1, is convergent
and the limit of the sequence is 2.
( )
1 1 1
4. Using Sandwich theorem, prove that lim √ +√ + ··· + √ = 1.
n→∞ n2 + 1 n2 + 2 n2 + n
√ √
5. Prove that the sequence {an } defined by a1 = 7, an+1 = 7 + an for all n, is convergent
and the limit of the sequence is the positive root of the equation x2 − x − 7 = 0.
6. Prove that the sequence {an } defined by a1 = 0, a2 = 1. and an+2 = 12 (an+1 + an ) for all
n ≥ 1, is a Cauchy sequence.

Infinite Series:
7. Examine the behaviour of the following series. Also find their sum, if exists.
∑
∞
1
∞∑ 3n−1 − 1 ∑ ∞ ∑ 2n − 1
∞
n+1 3
(i) (ii) (iii) (−1) (iv) .
n=1
n(n + 1) n=1
6n−1 n=1
2n n=0
3n

8. Examine the behaviour of the following series (converges or diverges):

∑
∞
2n − 1 ∑ ∞
1 12 .22 22 .32 32 .42 ∑ n!2n∞
(i) (ii) √ √ (iii) + + + · · · (iv)
n=1
n(n + 1)(n + 2) n=1
n+ n+1 1! 2! 3! n=1
nn

∑∞ ∑∞ ( )−n2 ( 2 )−1 ( 3 )−2 ( 4 )−3

n! 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
(v) (vi) 1+ (vii) − + − + − + ···
n=1
nn n=1
n 12 1 23 2 34 3

12 12 .22 12 .32 .52 x 2! 3! ∑ 1

∞
(viii) 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 2 + · · · (ix) 1 + + 2 x2 + 2 x3 + · · · (x) , p>0
2 2 .4 2 .4 .6 2 3 4 n=2
n(ln n)p

∑
∞
(−1)n−1 n 1 1 1 1
(xi) (xii) − 3 (1 + 2) + 3 (1 + 2 + 3) − 3 (1 + 2 + 3 + 4) + · · ·
n=1
2n − 1 23 3 4 5
 Power Series:

9. Find the radius and interval of the convergence of the following power series:
∑∞
(n + 1) x 1.3 2 1.3.5 3 ∑∞
(−1)n n
(i) n
x (ii) + x + x + · · · (iii) n
(x + 3)n
n=1
(n + 2)(n + 3) 2 2.5 2.5.8 n=1
4

∑∞
x2n ∑∞
2n
(iv) n
(v) (4x − 8)n .
n=1
(−3) n=1
n

10. Find the radius and the circle of the convergence of the following power series:
∑∞ ( )n2 ∑∞ ( )n ∑∞ ∑∞
2 3n + 4 (n!)2 n
(i) 1+ n
z (ii) (z − z0 )n (iii) nln n z n (iv) z .
n=0
n n=0
5n + 6 n=0 n=0
(2n)!

Improper Integrals:

11. Examine the convergence of the following integrals:

∫ ∞( ) ∫ 2 ∫ π
1 1 1 dx
(i) − dx (ii) √ dx (iii) loge (sin x) dx
0 1 + x ex x 0 x(2 − x) 0

∫ ∫ π ∫ ∫
π
dx 2 cos x 1
xp−1 1
xm−1 + x−m
(iv) (v) dx (vi) dx (vii) dx
0 cos α − cos x 0 xn 0 1−x 0 1+x

∫ ∞ ∫ π ∫ 1
dx 2 sin x dx
(viii) (ix) √ dx (x) √
1 (e−x + 1)x2 0 x x 0 (1 + x)(2 + x) x(1 − x)
∫ 1
(xi) xp−1 ln x dx.
0