MODULE GENERAL MATHEMATICS

Introduction to the Course

Course Description

This course is intended for senior high school students. It is designed to reintroduced or
reacquaint students with functions. It provides an understanding of rational, exponential and
logarithmic functions. Business Mathematics and logic are included for acquisition of basic
knowledge that is essential in the real-world application. The course presents logical systems
that will enable students develop their critical thinking in solving problems. It also provides
fundamental mathematics skills and application necessary for them to fulfill their needs.

Learning Outcomes

KNOWLEDGE:
1. Define important basic terminologies within the course
2. Differentiates rational function, rational equations and rational
inequality.
3. Finds the domain and range of a rational function
4. Determines the intercepts, zeroes and asymptotes of rational functions
5. Determine the inverse of a one to one function.
6. Distinguishes between exponential function, exponential equation and
exponential inequality.
7. Illustrates simple and compound interest
8. Distinguishes between simple and compound interest.
9. Explain simple and general annuities
10. Define stocks and bonds

SKILLS
1. Evaluate functions.
2. Performs Operation on Functions and Composition of Functions.
3. Analyze and solves real life problems involving functions.
4. Solves rational equations and inequalities
5. Solve problems involving rational functions, equations and inequalities.
6. Finds the domain and range of an inverse function.
7. Solves exponential equations and inequalities.
8. Solve problems involving exponentialfunction, equation and inequality.
9. Evaluate logarithmic equations and inequalities
10. Solve real life problems involving logarithmic functions, equations and
inequalities
11. Solve problems involving simple and compound interest.
12. Symbolizes propositions.

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VALUES

1. Recognize the importance of the mathematics education in drawing up

solutions to existing social problems.
2. Be aware that creativity and initiative are valued within mathematics
education
3. Appreciate the relationship of mathematics with other discipline

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1: Functions
Evaluating Functions
Operations on Functions
Problems Involving Functions

Chapter 2: Rational Functions

Rational Functions, Equations and Inequalities
Solving Rational Equations and Inequalities
Domain and Range of a Rational Equations
Vertical, Horizontal and Oblique Asymptotes

Chapter 3: Inverse Functions

Inverse Functions and Relations

Chapter 4: Exponential Functions

Exponential Functions, Equations and Inequalities
Solving Exponential Equations and Inequalities
Problems Involving Exponential Equations and Inequalities

Chapter 5: Logarithmic Functions

Introduction to Logarithms
Logarithmic Functions, Equations and Inequalities

Chapter 6: Simple and Compound Interest

Illustrating Simple and Compound Interest
Simple Interest
Compound Interest

Chapter 7: Annuities
Simple Annuity
General Annuity

Chapter 8: Introduction to Stocks and Bonds

Stocks and Bonds

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Chapter 9: Logic
Propositions
Constructing Truth Tables

PRACTICE TEST
!!!

Direction: Read each question carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on your
answer sheet.

1. Which of the following relations is not a function?

a. { (m,n) , ( p, q) , (r , s ) , ( t , u ) } b. { (-2 , -3), (4, 7 ), (-3 , 8) , (-5,-3)}
c. { (11, 8 ) , ( 11, -8) , (11 , 12) d. { (-3/5 , 2 ) ,(-1, 3) ,(0,1)}
2.. What is called the output of the function or the set of y-coordinates?
a. relation b. piecewise c. domain d. range
3. Which function shows a graph that is always a horizontal line?
a. Linear c. Cubic
b. Quadratic d. Constant
4. Which function uses whole numbers as exponents?
a. polynomial c. logarithmic
b. exponential d. rational
5. What is the slope of the linear function 2x – 9y = 18?
a.-9 b. 2/9 c. 2 d. 9/2
6. What is the graph of a quadratic function?
a. Line c. Curve
b. Parabola d. Asymptote
7. What is the graph of a constant function?
a. Horizontal Line c. Oblique
b. Vertical Line d. Parabola
8. Which of the following is not a polynomial function?
1
a. y = c. y = 𝑥 3
𝑥
b. y = 4𝑥 4 – 1 d. y = 5x + 3
9. Which of the following functions will give the greatest value g(−3)?
a. g(𝑥) = 4𝑥 3 - 2𝑥 2 – x – 12
b. g(𝑥) = 4𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 – 4x + 12
c. g(𝑥) = 2𝑥 3 – 8𝑥 2 + 4x – 1
d. g(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 2 + 3x

ForFor
thethe
number 10 14
number to 13, refer
to 17, to the
refer following
to the function,
following if f(x)
function, = 3x= +3x4,+g(x)
if f(x) 𝑥 2 𝑥+ 22x+ –2x15,
4, g(x) h(x)h(x)
– 15, = x =+ 5.
x + 5.

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10. What is ( f+ g + h ) (x) ?

a. 𝑥 2 +5x – 16 c. 4𝑥 2 + 5x - 24
b. 𝑥 2 +6x - d. 4𝑥 2 + 6x – 16
11. What is (f-g)(x)?
a. -𝑥 2 +x+19 c.𝑥 2 + 5x -19
b. 𝑥 2 + x – 11 d. −𝑥 2 + 5x -11
12. What is (f∎h)(x)?
a. 3𝑥 2 + 19x + 20 c. 3𝑥 2 – 11x – 20
b. 3𝑥 2 – 11x -1 d. 3𝑥 2 + 17x – 9
𝑔
13. What is (x) ?
ℎ

a. x – 5 b. x + 5 c. x – 3 d. x + 3
14. Christine receives a commission of Php 550.00 for every IPAD that she sells. On top of
the commission, she receives a month salary of Php 11 200.00. Which of the following
functions describes her situations?
a. y = 11200x + 550 c. y = 550x + 11200
b. y = 11200x – 550 d. y = 550x – 11200
15. Referring to item # 18, what is Christine’s income if she sells 45 units in a month?
a. Php 34 450 c. Php 36 590
b. Php 35 950 d. Php 37 050
16. A 600-liter tank full of oil is being drained at the constant rate of 15 liters per minute.
Which of the following linear functions describe the situations?
a. y = 600x + 15 c. y = 600x - 15
b. y = 600 – 15x d. y = 600 + 15x
17. Which of the following is a rational function?
2𝑥 2 −4𝑥+1
a. f(x) = c. f(x) = √5(𝑥 − 3)3
5
7𝑥+1 𝑥 2 −2𝑥+1
b. f(x) = d. f(x) =
2 4𝑥+3
18. Which of the following is a rational inequality
1 3
a.𝑥 2 4 + - 21 < 0 c. =
4(𝑥−2) 2
1 1
b. ≥ d. 2 = (x + 3)(2x + 11)
2𝑥+3 2
𝑥 2 −4𝑥−12
19. What are the points of discontinuity of f(x) = 2 ?
𝑥 −11𝑥−26
a. -6 and 2 c. -13 and -2
b. 6 and -2 d. 13 and -2
20. Which of the following functions have the same set of domain range?
1 1
a. f(x) = c. f(x) = 2
𝑥 2𝑥 − 5
4𝑥+2 𝑥+2
b. b. f(x) = d. f(x) =
𝑥−5 1−𝑥

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 MODULE GENERAL MATHEMATICS

Chapter 1
FUNCTIONS
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS

Objectives:
a. Recall/Review some basic terms and concepts involving functions
b. Calculate the value of a function (y) for given values of x.

Who am I?

I am a relation

❖ My first element is not repeated and the second element does repeat.
My set of ordered pairs (x,y) in which no two distinct ordered pairs has the same
first element

✓ I am a FUNCTION.

BASIC TERMS AND CONCEPTS ON FUNCTIONS

A relation is a set of ordered pairs. The domain is the set of all x- coordinates, and the range
is the set of all y- coordinates.
A function is a relation where each member of the domain is paired with exactly one member
of the range

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 MODULE GENERAL MATHEMATICS

Examples:
(-3,1),(0,2),(5,4) (-1,5),(7,3),(4,5)(5,6),(-3,0),(1,1),(-3, 6)

Domain Range Domain Range Domain Range

-3 1 -1 -3 0
3
0 2 7 1 1
5
5 4 4 5 6

one to one function function, not one-to one not a function

SUMMARY OF KEY IDEA:

Evaluation of Functions is a process of calculating the value of a function

( y) for given value of x. The y is the dependent variable while the x is
the independent variable. The process is done by substituting the numerical
values of x to the given function.

If f (x) = 3x 2 -2x + 4 , find the value of each of the following functions.

1. f(3) = 3 (3)2 -2(3) + 4

= 3 (9) – 6 + 4
= 27 – 6 +4
= 21 + 4
= 25

2. f(-2) = 3( -2) 2 -2( -2) + 4

= 3 (4) + 4 + 4
=12 + 8
= 20

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Evaluate the following functions:

To evaluate a function means to substitute the given specific value for x then simplify the
resulting numerical expression.

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For more examples log on to www.algebra2.com/extra_examples

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XLU3S3hsd4g

OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS

Objectives:
Performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and composition of functions.

New functions are formed from the given functions by adding, subtracting, multiplying,
and dividing function values. These new functions are called sum, difference, product and
quotient of the original functions.

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Solution:
1. Find (f+g)(x)
STEP 1: Add the two given functions

(f+g)(x) = f(x) + g(x)

(f+g)(x) = (5x2 – 10x – 9) + (x3 – x2 + 4x – 7)

STEP 2: Arrange the given functions by grouping similar terms and make sure each term
are arranged in descending order.

(f+g)(x) = (5x2 – 10x – 9) + (x3 – x2 + 4x – 7)

(f+g)(x) = x3 +(5x2– x2) +(4x – 10x) + (-9 – 7)
STEP 3: Combine similar terms and simplify

(f+g)(x) = x3 +(5x2 – x2) + (4x – 10x) + (-9 – 7)

(f+g)(x) = x3 +4x2 – 6x- 16

2. Find (f-g)(x)
STEP 1: Write the given functions applying the given formula.

(f-g)(x) = f(x) + g(x)

(f-g)(x) = (5x2 – 10x – 9) - (x3 – x2 + 4x – 7)

STEP 2: Combine similar terms and make sure that the terms are arranged in
descending order.

(f-g)(x) = (5x2 – 10x – 9) - (x3 – x2 + 4x – 7)

(f+g)(x) = -x3 +(5x2+ x2) + (–10x – 4x) + (-9 + 7)

STEP 3: Simplify

(f+g)(x) = -x3 +(5x2+ x2) + (–10x – 4x) + (-9 + 7)

(f+g)(x) = -x3 +6x2 –14x- 2

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 MODULE GENERAL MATHEMATICS

PROBLEMS INVOLVING FUNCTIONS

Objectives:
Solve real life problems involving functions

Introduction:
Solving real life problems is the critical part of doing Mathematics. Students will realize
the importance of Mathematics if we can visualize its relevance to our daily life, specifically how
it helps us find solutions to life situation. We have learned that functions are representations of
many things around us. One important skill in solving problems is the ability to transform the
given problems, using functions that describe the solution to the problems.

Functions are used to represent real-life problems. We shall now apply our knowledge of
functions in solving problems. The following steps will be helpful in solving problems involving
functions.

1.) Read and understand the problem.

2.) Identify the function to be used (linear, quadratic, cubic, etc.) in representing the
given problem.
3.) Write the function that describes the problem.
4.) Use the function to solve the problem.
5.) Check the answer.

Example # 1
A Filipino major student earned 6 units after enrolling for a semester. Then, he took a leave for
one year. After his leave, he decided to go back and enroll , ever more eager this time to finish
all the 150 units that he needs. In how many semesters does he need to enroll if he takes 9
units of Filipino subjects every semester?

Solutions
STEP 1: Represent the given and unknown quantities in the problem.
let y = total no. of units to be taken in x semesters.
x = number of semesters

STEP 2: Determine the function/equation that relates the quantities/ variables in the problem.
The problem can be described best by a linear function which relates the number of semesters
(x) to the total number of units (y)
the function that describes the relationship between x and y is y = 9x + 6

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STEP 3: Solve the problem. The number of semesters that the student need to enroll in order
for him/her to finish all 150 units.
find x when y = 150
150 = 9x + 6
9x = 144
x = 16the students need 16 semesters to complete the program

Example # 2
The area of a rectangle is 20cm2 . The length of the rectangle is three less than twice its
width. What are the dimensions of the given rectangle?

Solutions
STEP 1: Represent the given and unknown values in the problem. Assigned variables for width
and length of the rectangle.
let y = area of the rectangle
x = width
2x – 3 = length
STEP 2: Use the function to relate the quantities or variables in the problem.
the area of the rectangle is given by A = lw , where l = length and ; w = width
using the representation in Step 1, we have
y = x(2x – 3)
y = 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥
the function that describes the relationship is y = 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥

STEP 3: Solve the problem

the area of the rectangle is y = 20 , substitute this value in y = 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥
20 = 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥
2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 20 = 0 x–4=0
( 2x + 5 ) ( x – 4 ) = 0 x = 4
2x + 5 = 0
𝟓
x=-
𝟐

STEP 4: Find the length and width by substituting the values of x in Step 3. Reject the negative
value of x because the measurement of width cannot be negative

if x = 4, then
width = 4
length = 2x – 3 = 2(4) – 3 = 5
Thus , the width is 4cm and the length is 5cm

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 MODULE GENERAL MATHEMATICS

For more solved problem visit the ff : link

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVoup2F6nrEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYD388w9BlI

CHAPTER TEST

I. Direction: Determine if the following sets of ordered pairs, table of values, and equations
represent a function.

1. {(-4,2),(0,9),(-4,-8),(4,5),(-1,70),(11,-5)}
2.
x 2 4 6 8
4 16 36 64
f(x)

3. f (x ) = 2x + 9
x y
7
-1
9
0
11
1
4.
x 2 6 2 8
4 8 9 10
f(x)
6
5.
𝑥+3

x -1 0 1
y 3 2 3/2
II. If f(x)=2x²+4x+3 and h(x)=3(2x+2),find the following.
1. h(0)
2. f(5)
3. f(2x)
4. h(-4)
5. h(7)
III. Find the sum and difference of the following functions.
1. f(x) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 ; g(x) = 6𝑥 3 − 8𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 7

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2. g(x) = 4𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 6 ; f(x) = 4(x + 2) – 4

3. f(x) = 7𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 6

IV. If f(x)= 2x-3 and g(x)=3x+2, find the following.

1. (g◦f)(x)
2. (f◦f)(x)
3. (f◦g)(x)
4. (g◦g)(x)
5. (f◦g)(-2)

V. Problem Solving:
1.) the sum of a number and twice the square of the number is 3. what is the number ?

2.) if the perimeter of a rectangular garden is 76m and the area is 360 square meter, what
are the dimensions of the garden?

ENRICHMENT:

• Write an example of real life problems involving functions , solve and

present it in the class.
• Describe how you would help a friend who needs to solve operations on
functions.

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References: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, Algebra 2, McGraw- Hills Company ,United States of America, 2005
Department of Education, General Mathematics, Lexicon Press Inc. , 2016

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