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10.6 Sine Rule

The sine rule can be used to find missing sides and angles of any triangle. It states that the ratio of any side to the sine of its opposite angle is equal to the ratios of the other two sides and their opposite angles. The sine rule is used when one side and two angles or two sides and a non-included angle are known. It allows for calculating unknown sides or angles by setting up and solving equations based on the rule. Examples are provided for finding missing sides when given certain angle and side information in a triangle.

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Mateu Changano
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
62 views6 pages

10.6 Sine Rule

The sine rule can be used to find missing sides and angles of any triangle. It states that the ratio of any side to the sine of its opposite angle is equal to the ratios of the other two sides and their opposite angles. The sine rule is used when one side and two angles or two sides and a non-included angle are known. It allows for calculating unknown sides or angles by setting up and solving equations based on the rule. Examples are provided for finding missing sides when given certain angle and side information in a triangle.

Uploaded by

Mateu Changano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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`Lesson Objective

 How to Find sides and angles of non-right angled triangles using sine rule
Subtopic: Sine rule
If a triangle is right-angled, trigonometric ratios and the theorem of Pythagoras may be used for its solutions. However, for a non-right-angled
triangle, trigonometric ratios and Pythagoras’ theorem cannot be used. Instead, two rules, called the sine rule and the cosine rule, are used.
Sine rule
The law of sines (sine rule) is very useful in solving triangles
a b c
= =
sinA sinB sinC

It works for any triangle:

 a , b∧c are sides


 A , B and C are angles
 sides a faces angle A
 sides b faces angle B
 sides c faces angle C
Prove the sine rule using the triangle below

When to use the sine rule?


The Sine rule is only used when:

CASE 1: 1 side and any 2 angles are initially given, or


CASE 2: 2 sides and an angle (not the included angle) are initially given.
FINDING A SIDE
CASE 1
1. Find the length of the side marked a in the following diagram below.

SOLUTION
a b
=
sinA sinB

a 12
=
sin 83° sin 64 °
a=13.3
CASE 2
In triangle ABC, c = 10, A = 60° and c = 110°, find (a) a (b) B (c) b

SOLUTION
a c
(i) = a = 9.2 cm
sinA sinC

(ii) A + B + C = 180°, B = 10°

a c
(iii) = b = 1.8 cm
sinA sinC
FINDING AN ANGLE

sinA sinB sinC


When finding an angle, we use the form = =
a b c

SOLUTION

sinQ sinP
(i) = Q = 27.2° or 180°-27.2° = 152.8°
q p
r p
(ii) P + Q + R = 180°, R = 102.8° (iii) = r = 9.2 cm
sinR sinP
Exercise

1. A room 8.0 m wide has a span roof which slopes at 33° on one side and 40° on the other. Find the length of the roof slopes a∧c , correct to the nearest
centimeter.

2. Q is a ship at a point 10 km due South of another ship P. R is a lighthouse on the coast such
that
< P = Q = 50°

(a) Determine the distance QR


(b) The shortest distance from the lighthouse to the line joining the two ships (PQ).

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