SRI LANKA TECHNOLOGICAL CAMPUS

EMA103 Linear Algebra

1. Verify that the following are solution to the given systems.

a) 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = −1
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 5
1 2
b) 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 25/6 𝑥 = 2,𝑦 = 3

2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 3
c) 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 4𝑎 𝑥 = 𝑎 + 𝑏, 𝑦 = 𝑎 − 𝑏
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = −𝑎 + 5𝑏 a and b are constants

1
d) −2𝑥 + 𝑘𝑦 = −11𝑘/2 𝑥 = 3𝑘, 𝑦 = 2
1
(𝑘) 𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 5 (k a nonzero constant)

2. Do the following systems have no solution, exactly one solution, or infinitely many
solutions? Justify your answer.

a) 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2
𝑥+𝑦 =3

b) 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1
𝑦 = −2

c) 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1
𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 1

d) 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2
6𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 4

3. Find the coefficient matrix, the matrix of constant terms, and augmented matrix of the
system.

a) 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 7 b) 𝑥 + 2𝑧 = 0
1
2𝑥 + 2 𝑦 = −4 𝑦+𝑧 =4
𝑧=7
c) 2𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 − 2𝑥3 =8
1 2
4𝑥2 + − 2 𝑥4 = 3
1 1
− 4 𝑥3 + 10 𝑥4 = 13
 d) 𝑥1 = 0
𝑥2 = 0
𝑥3 = 0
𝑥4 = 0

4. Find the system corresponding to each augmented matrix.

1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1
a) [0 4 0 1] b) [0 4 0 1]
0 0 3 3 0 0 3 3
1 2 1
2 3 5
c) (1 0 0 0|0) d) [ 4 3]
2
−9 −7 −5

1 1 1 1
e) [ ] f) [ ]
1 1 1 0

5. For what values of the constant 𝑘 does the system

6. Nitric acid (𝐻𝑁𝑂3 ) is produced by combining nitrous oxide (𝑁𝑂2 ) and water 𝐻2 𝑂. This
produces both nitric acid and nitric oxide (𝑁𝑂). This reaction can be symbolizing as the
equation,
𝑁𝑂2 + 𝐻2 𝑂 → 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 + 𝑁𝑂
However, before producing this reaction, we want to know how many modules of each
substance to supply, as well as how many modules of each end product will be produced.
This is called the balancing equation. Set up a linear system whose solution provides the
unknown x’s to balance the chemical equation, where;
𝑥1 = the number of molecules of 𝑁𝑂2 supplied.
𝑥2 = the number of molecules of 𝐻2 𝑂 supplied.
𝑥3 = the number of molecules of 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 produced.
𝑥4 = the number of molecules of 𝑁𝑂 produced.

7. Find the linear system of each, whose solution balance the given chemical equation.

a) 𝐶𝐻4 + 𝑂2 → 𝐶𝑂2 + 𝐻2 𝑂
b) 𝑍𝑛𝑆 + 𝑂2 → 𝑍𝑛𝑂 + 𝑆𝑂2
c) 𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 + 𝐻3 𝑃𝑂4 → 𝐶𝑎3 (𝑃𝑂4 )2 + 𝐻2 𝑂
8. Find the elementary matrices corresponding to carrying out each of the following
elementary row operations on a 3 × 3 matrix: