2011 USAMO
USAMO 2011
Day 1 April 27th
1 Let a, b, c be positive real numbers such that a2 + b2 + c2 + (a + b + c)2 ≤ 4.
Prove that
ab + 1 bc + 1 ca + 1
2
+ 2
+ ≥ 3.
(a + b) (b + c) (c + a)2
2 An integer is assigned to each vertex of a regular pentagon so that the sum of
the five integers is 2011. A turn of a solitaire game consists of subtracting an
integer m from each of the integers at two neighboring vertices and adding 2m
to the opposite vertex, which is not adjacent to either of the first two vertices.
(The amount m and the vertices chosen can vary from turn to turn.) The game
is won at a certain vertex if, after some number of turns, that vertex has the
number 2011 and the other four vertices have the number 0. Prove that for any
choice of the initial integers, there is exactly one vertex at which the game can
be won.
3 In hexagon ABCDEF , which is nonconvex but not self-intersecting, no pair of
opposite sides are parallel. The internal angles satisfy ∠A = 3∠D, ∠C = 3∠F ,
and ∠E = 3∠B. Furthermore AB = DE, BC = EF , and CD = F A. Prove
that diagonals AD, BE, and CF are concurrent.
Day 2 April 28th
4 Consider the assertion that for each positive integer n ≥ 2, the remainder upon
n
dividing 22 by 2n − 1 is a power of 4. Either prove the assertion or find (with
proof) a counterexample.
5 Let P be a given point inside quadrilateral ABCD. Points Q1 and Q2 are
located within ABCD such that
∠Q1 BC = ∠ABP, ∠Q1 CB = ∠DCP, ∠Q2 AD = ∠BAP, ∠Q2 DA = ∠CDP.
Prove that Q1 Q2 k AB if and only if Q1 Q2 k CD.
6 Let A be a set with |A| = 225, meaning that A has 225 elements. Suppose
further that there are eleven subsets A1 , . . . , A11 of A such that |Ai | = 45 for
1 ≤ i ≤ 11 and |Ai ∩Aj | = 9 for 1 ≤ i < j ≤ 11. Prove that |A1 ∪A2 ∪. . .∪A11 | ≥
165, and give an example for which equality holds.
www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4509
Contributors: tenniskidperson3, rrusczyk
2011 USAMO
–
These problems are copyright c Mathematical Association of America (http:
//maa.org).
www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4509
Contributors: tenniskidperson3, rrusczyk
