Chapter 2 - Solutions

Introduction & Colligative 5 Colligative properties depend on:

The nature of the solute particles dissolved in the
properties - Level I 1.
solution.
2. The number of solute particles in the solution.
1 A solution containing 10 g/dm3 of urea
The physical properties of the solute particles dissolved
(molecular mass = 60 g mol-1) is isotonic with a 5 % 3.
in the solution.
solution of a non-volatile solute. The molecular mass of 4. The nature of solvent particles.
this non-volatile solute is -
1. 25 g mol-1. 6 The solubility of a gas in a liquid decreases with an
2. 300 g mol-1. increase in temperature because:
3. 350 g mol-1. Dissolution of a gas in a liquid is an endothermic
1.
4. 200 g mol-1. process.
Dissolution of a gas in a liquid is an exothermic
2.
2 For an ideal solution, the non zero value will be for- process.
1. ΔH mix
3. Gases are highly compressible.
2. ΔS mix 4. All of the above.
3. ΔV mix

4. ΔP = Pobserved − PRaoult 7 An aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid -

1. Obeys Raoult's law
3 The correct match for the below table is: 2. Shows negative deviations from Raoult's law
Type of solution Example 3. Shows positive deviations from Raoult's law
a. Solid in gas i. Aerated water 4. Obeys Henry's law at all compositions
b. Gas in liquid ii. Smoke Consider the following statements about the
8
c. Liquid in solid iii. Solution of hydrogen in palladium
composition of the vapour over an ideal 1:1 molar mixture
d. Gas in solid iv. Amalgams
of benzene and toluene. The correct statement is:
Assume that the temperature is constant at 25 oC.
a b c d
(Given, vapour pressure data at 25 °C, benzene = 12.8
1. i iii iv ii kPa, toluene = 3.85 kPa)
2. ii i iv iii 1. The vapour will contain a higher percentage of toluene
3. iii i iv ii The vapour will contain equal amounts of benzene and
2.
4. iv i ii iii toluene
3. Not enough information is given to make a prediction
4 The example of gas in a solid type solution is- 4. The vapour will contain a higher percentage of benzene
1. Solution of hydrogen in palladium
2. Ethanol dissolved in water
3. Camphor vapours in N2 gas
Introduction & Colligative
4. Amalgams properties - Level II

9 The insoluble compound in water is /are

1. Phenol
2. Formic acid and toluene
3. Phenol and toluene
4. Toluene and chloroform
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

10 The maximum amount of a solid solute that can be 13 Select the correct option based on statements below:
dissolved in a specified amount of a given liquid solvent Molarity of a solution in liquid state
does not depend upon - Assertion (A):
changes with temperature.
1. Temperature The volume of a solution changes with
2. Nature of solute Reason (R):
change in temperature.
3. Pressure
4. Nature of solvent
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
1.
explanation of (A).
11 A beaker contains a solution of substance 'A' .
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct
Precipitation of substance ‘A’ takes place when small 2.
explanation of (A).
amount of 'A' is added to the solution. The solution is -
1. Saturated. 3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
2. Supersaturated. 4. (A) is false but (R) is true.
3. Unsaturated.
4. Concentrated. 14 Match the terms given in Column I with expressions
given in Column II.
Concentration Terms & Column I Column II
Henry's Law - Level I A. Mass
percentage
1.
Number of moles of the solute component
Volume of solution in litres

B. Volume Number of moles of the solute component

12 Match the items given in Column I with the type of percentage 2. Mass of solvent in kilograms
solutions given in Column II. Volume of the solute component in solution
Column I Column II C. Molarity 3. × 100
Total volume of solution
A. Soda water 1. A solution of gas in solid Mass of the solute component in solution
D. Molality 4. × 100
B. Sugar solution 2. A solution of gas in liquid Total Mass of solution

3. A solution of solid in Codes

C. German silver A B C D
liquid
D. Hydrogen gas in 4. A solution of solid in 1. 2 3 4 1
palladium solid 2. 1 2 3 4
Codes 3. 1 4 3 2
A B C D 4. 4 3 1 2
1. 2 1 4 3
2. 1 2 3 4 15 An antifreeze solution is prepared from 222.6 g of
3. 2 3 4 1 ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) and 200 g of water. The
4. 4 1 3 2 molality of the solution would be -
1. 6.9 m
2. 17.9 m
3. 29.9 m
4. 21.9 m

16 The temperature dependent term among the following

is -
1. Molality
2. Molarity
3. Mole fraction
4. Weight percentage
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

17 The incorrect formula among the following is: 22 The graph representing Henry's law is given below:
nsolute
1. Xmole fraction =
nsolution
amount of solute (g)
2. Molarity =
volume of solution (mL)
Number of mole of solute
3. Molality =
amount of solvent (kg)
mass of the component in the solution
4. Mass percentage = × 100
Total mass of the solution

18 The mass percentage of aspirin (C9H8O4) in

acetonitrile (CH3CN) when 6.5 g of C9H8O4 is dissolved
in 450 g of CH3CN will be -
1. 1.424 %
2. 4.424 %
3. 5.124 %
4. 2.124 %

19 The molarity of H2SO4 solution that has a density The value of the slope will be −4
1. 4 × 10 torr
1.84 g/cc at 35 oC and contains 98 % H2SO4 by weight is- −4
2. 5 × 10 torr
1. 1.84 M 4
3. 4 × 10 torr
2. 81.4 M 4
4. 5 × 10 torr
3. 18.4 M
4. 184 M
23 Henry’s law constant for the solution of methane in
20 To make 2.5 kg of 0.25 m aqueous solution, the mass benzene at 298 K is 4.27 × 105 mm Hg. The mole fraction
of urea required is- of methane in benzene at 298 K under 760 mm Hg will be
1. 73 g -
2. 37 g 1. 1.85 x 10-5
3. 48 g 2. 192 x 10-4
4. 24 g 3. 178 x 10-5
-5
21 To minimise the painful effects accompanying deep 4. 18.7 x 10
sea diving, oxygen diluted with less soluble helium gas is
24 The unit that relates concentration of solution with its
used as breathing gas by the divers. This is an example of
the application of - vapour pressure is:
1. Raoult's law 1. Mole fraction.
2. Henry's law 2. Parts per million.
3. Ideal gas Equation 3. Mass percentage.
4. All of the above 4. Molality.

25 The amount of benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) required

for preparing 250 mL of 0.15 M solution in methanol is -
1. 4.57 g
2. 3.57 g
3. 1.57 g
4. 12.57 g
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

26 A 500 g toothpaste sample has 0.4 g fluoride 31 If the solubility product of CuS is 6 × 10–16, the
concentration. The fluoride concentration in terms of ppm maximum molarity of CuS in an aqueous solution will be
will be - 1. 1.45 × 10−8 mol L−1.
1. 200 ppm
2. 3.45 × 10−8 mol L−1.
2. 400 ppm
3. 500 ppm 3. 2.45 × 10−8 mol L−1.
4. 800 ppm 4. 4.25 × 10−8 mol L−1.

27 Amount of oxalic acid ((COOH) 2

. 2H2 O) in grams 32 The density of 68 % nitric acid by mass in an aqueous
that is required to obtain 250 ml of a semi-molar solution solution is 1.504 g mL-1. The molarity of the acid solution
is - would be -
1. 17.75 g 1. 15.24 M
2. 17.00 g 2. 16.23 M
3. 15.75 g 3. 14.52 M
4. 15.00 g 4. 13.45 M

28 The partial pressure of ethane over a solution Concentration Terms &

containing 6.56 × 10–2 g of ethane is 1 bar. If the solution
contains 5.00 × 10–2 g of ethane, the partial pressure of the
H ' L -L
enry s aw II evel
gas will be -
1. 0.66 bar 33 If the density of lake water is 1.25 g mL–1 and
2. 0.96 bar contains 92 g of Na+ ions per kg of water, then the
3. 0.76 bar molality of Na+ ions will be-
4. 0.19 bar 1. 3.24 molal
2. 4 molal
29 A solution of glucose (M.W= 180 g mL-1) in water is 3. 5 molal
10 % w/w. The mole fraction of each component in the 4. 3.5 molal
solution is:
1.
Mole fraction of glucose - 0.44; mole fraction of 34 If 22 g of benzene is dissolved in 122 g of CCl4, the
water - 0.56 mass percentage of CCl4 and benzene respectively are-
Mole fraction of glucose - 0.056; mole fraction of 1. 15. 28 %, 84. 72 %
2.
water - 0.944 2. 84. 72 %, 15. 28 %
Mole fraction of glucose - 0.011; mole fraction of 3. 8. 72 %, 91. 28 %
3.
water - 0.99 4. 91.28 %, 8.72 %
Mole fraction of glucose - 0.36; mole fraction of
4.
water - 0.64 35 4 L of 0.02 M aqueous solution of NaCl was diluted
by adding 1 L of water. The molarity of the resultant
30 The feeling of weakness and discomfort in breathing solution is -
at high altitudes is based on- 1. 0.004 M
1. Boyle's law 2. 0.008 M
2. Charles's law 3. 0.012 M
3. Henry's law 4. 0.016 M
4. Raoult's law
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

36 A sample of drinking water was contaminated with Dalton’s Law of Partial

chloroform. The level of contamination was 15 ppm
(by mass). The mass percent of chloroform is-
Pressure - Level I
1. 15 × 10−4

42 An aqueous solution of 2 % (w\w) non-volatile solute

2. 1. 5 × 10−4

3. 0. 15 × 10 −4 exerts a pressure of 1.004 bar at the normal boiling point

of the solvent. Molar mass of the solute would be -
4. 15 × 10−5

1. 23.69 g mol-1
37 The value of Henry's constant KH - 2. 41.35 g mol-1
1. Increases with increase in temperature. 3. 56.23 g mol-1
2. Decreases with increase in temperature. 4. 22.76 g mol-1
3. Remains constant.
4. First increases then decreases. 43 The vapour pressure of pure benzene and toluene are
160 and 60 torr respectively. The mole fraction of toluene
38 A solution is obtained by mixing 300 g of 25 % in vapour phase in contact with an equimolar solution of
solution and 400 g of 40 % solution by mass. The mass benzene and toluene is -
percentage of solute in the resulting solution is - 1. 0.50
1. 33.5 % 2. 0.6
2. 36.5 % 3. 0.27
3. 37.4 % 4. 0.73
4. 32.5 %
44 If partial pressure of oxygen is 0.5 atm and
39 The density of H2SO4 solution is 1.84 g ml–1. In a
KH = 1.4 × 10-3 M/atm, then the amount of oxygen
1 litre solution if H2SO4 is 93 % by (w/v) then the
dissolved in 100 ml water at 298K is-
molality of the solution is - 1. 22.4 mg
1. 9.42 m 2. 22.4 g
2. 10.42 m 3. 2.24 g
3. 11.42 m 4. 2.24 mg
4. 12.42 m

40 The Henry's law constant for the solubility of N2 gas Raoult's Law - Level I
in water at 298 K is 1.0 × 105 atm. The mole fraction of 45 Select the correct option based on statements below:
N2 in air is 0.8. The number of moles of N2 formed from
air dissolved in 10 moles of water at 298 K and 5 atm Assertion (A): C2H5I and C2H5Br form an ideal solution.
pressure is- The interaction between the components
1. 4.0 × 10–4 mol Reason (R): are similar to those in the pure
components.
2. 4.0 × 10–5 mol
3. 5.0 × 10–4 mol Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
4. 4.0 × 10–6 mol 1.
explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct
41 The solubility of H2S in water at STP is 0.195 m. The 2.
explanation of (A).
value of Henry's constant is- 3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
1. 486 bar
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
2. 123 bar
3. 282 bar
4. 345 bar
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

46 The correct statement regarding a solution of two 50 The incorrect statement among the following for an
components A and B exhibiting positive deviation from ideal solution is -
ideal behavior is - 1. ∆mixH = 0
Intermolecular attractive force between A-A and B-B 2. ∆mixU = 0
1.
are stronger than those between A-B 3. ΔP = P ‐ P = 0
obs. calculated by Raoult 's Law

2. ∆mixH = 0 at constant T and P 4. ∆mixG = 0

3. ∆mixV = 0 at constant T and P
Intermolecular attractive forces between A-A and B-B 51 For a binary ideal liquid solution, the curve that
4.
are equal to those between A-B represents the variation in total vapor pressure versus
composition of the solution is:
47 The type of molecular interactions in a solution of
alcohol and water is -
1. Electrostatic interaction
2. London dispersion forces a. b.
3. Hydrogen bonding
4. Ion-dipole interaction

48 The positive deviations from Raoult’s law mean the

vapour pressure is -
1. Higher than expected.
2. Lower than expected.
3. As expected.
4. None of the above c. d.

49 The graph, amongst the following, representing

positive deviation of vapour pressure is-
The correct option is:
1. a and b
2. b and c
3. c and d
1. 2. 4. a and d

52 For an ideal solution, the correct option is -

1. Δmix G = 0 at constant T and P
2. Δmix S = 0 at constant T and P
3. Δmix V ≠ 0 at constant T and P

4. Δmix H = 0 at constant T and P

53 A solution of acetone in ethanol-

1. Shows a negative deviation from Raoult's law
3. 4. None of the above 2. Shows a positive deviation from Raoult's law
3. Behaves like a near ideal solution
4. Obeys Raoult's law
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

54 The law represented by given graph is - 56 Consider the following graph:

Points A and B in the above-mentioned graph represent,

respectively
1. Partial pressures of first and second components
Vapour pressures of the pure second and first
2.
components
3. Partial pressures of second and first components
Vapour pressures of the pure first and second
4.
components

1. Henry's law 57 Heptane and octane form an ideal solution. At 373 K,

2. Raoult's law the vapour pressures of the two liquid components are
3. Boyle's law 105.2 kPa and 46.8 kPa respectively. The vapour pressure
4. Charle's law of a mixture of 26.0 g of heptane and 35 g of octane would
be -
R ' L
aoult s aw -L
evel II 1. 43.45 kPa
2. 78.96 Pa
55 The mixture that shows positive deviation from 3. 73.43 kPa
Raoult's law is- 4. 65.72 Pa
1. Benzene + Toluene
2. Acetone + Chloroform 58 100 g of liquid A (molar mass 140 g mol–1) was
3. Chloroethane + Bromoethane dissolved in 1000 g of liquid B (molar mass 180 g mol–1).
4. Ethanol + Acetone The vapour pressure of pure liquid B was found to be
500 torr. If the total vapour pressure of the solution is
475 torr, the vapour pressure of pure liquid A will be -
1. 326 torr
2. 226 torr
3. 360.7 torr
4. 280.7 torr
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

Relative Lowering of Vapour 64 The Vapour pressure of CCl4 at 25°C is 143 mm Hg.
0.5 g of a non-volatile solute (mol. wt. 65) is dissolved in
Pressure - Level I 100 ml of CCl4. The vapor pressure of the solution is-
3
59 Of the following 0.10 m aqueous solution, the one (Density of CCl4 = 1 .58 g/cm )
that will exhibit the largest freezing point depression is- 1. 141.93 mm Hg
1. KCl 2. 94.39 mm Hg
2. C H O 3. 199.34 mm Hg
6 12 6

3. Al (SO ) 4. 143.99 mm Hg
2 4 3

4. K SO
2 4
65 Lowering in vapour pressure is the highest for -
60 The vapour pressure of water in the solution having 1. 0.2 m urea
2. 0.1 m glucose
50 g of urea dissolved in 850 g of water is-
3. 0.1 m MgSO4
(Vapor pressure of pure water at 298 K is 23.8 mm Hg)
1. 23.40 mm of Hg 4. 0.1 m BaCl2
2. 33.46 mm of Hg
3. 12.76 mm of Hg 66 An aqueous solution is 1.00 molal in KI. Vapour
4. 87.12 mm of Hg pressure of the solution can be increased by
1. Addition of NaCl
61 The vapour pressure of 1 molal solution of a non- 2. Addition of Na2SO4
volatile solute in water at 300 K would be - 3. Addition of 1.00 molal Kl
(The vapour pressure of water at 300 K = 12.3 kPa) 4. Addition of water
1. 21.08 kPa
2. 12.08 kPa 67 Total vapour pressure of a mixture of 1 mol A
3. 33.08 kPa
(pA° = 150 torr) and 2 mol B (p = 240 torr) is 200 torr.
∘

4. 4.08 kPa B

In this case:-
62 The relative lowering of vapour caused by dissolving 1. There is a positive deviation from Raoult's law
2. There is a negative deviation from Raoult's law
71.3 g of a substance in 1000 g of water is 7.13 x 10-3. 3. There is no deviation from Raoult's law
The molecular mass of the substance is- 4. None of these
1. 180 g mol -1

2. 18 g mol-1 68 The equal weight of a solute is dissolved in an equal

3. 1.8 g mol-1 weight of two solvents A and B to form a very dilute
-1 solution. The relative lowering of vapour pressure for
4. 360 g mol
solution B has twice the relative lowering of vapour
pressure for solution A. If M and M are the molecular
63 The vapour pressure of a pure liquid solvent A is weights of solvents A and B respectively, then:
A B

0.80 atm. When a non-volatile substance B is added to the 1. M = MA B

solvent, its vapour pressure drops to 0.60 atm. Mole 2. M = 2M B A
fraction of the component B in the solution is- 3. M = 4M B
A
1. 0.50 4. M = 2M
A B
2. 0.75
3. 0.40
4. 0.25
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

69 If 8 g of a non-electrolyte solute is dissolved in 114 g 73 The mole(s) of K2SO4 to be dissolved in 12 moles of

of n-octane to reduce its vapour pressure to 80 %, the water to lower its vapor pressure by 10 mm of Hg at a
molar mass (in g mol–1) of the solute is - temperature at which vapor pressure of pure water is
50 mm of Hg is :
[Molar mass of n-octane is 114 g mol–1]
1. 3 mol
1. 40
2. 0.5 mol
2. 60
3. 1 mol
3. 80
4. 2 mol
4. 20

Relative Lowering of Vapour Elevation of Boiling Point -

Pressure - Level II Level I
70 Benzene and toluene form an ideal solution over the 74 1.00 g of non-electrolyte solute (molar mass
entire range of composition. The vapour pressure of pure 250 g mol-1) was dissolved in 51.2 g of benzene. If the
benzene and toluene at 300 K are 50.71 mm Hg and freezing point depression constant, Kf of benzene is
32.06 mm Hg respectively. The mole fraction of benzene 5.12 mol-1 kg K, the freezing point of benzene will be
in vapour phase, if 80 g of benzene is mixed with 100 g of lowered by:
toluene, would be - 1. 0.4 K
1. 0.41 2. 0.3 K
2. 0.68 3. 0.5 K
3. 0.72 4. 0.2 K
4. 0.59
75 A solution that has the highest boiling point among
71 A solution containing 30 g of non-volatile solute in the following is -
90 g of water has a vapour pressure of 2.8 kPa at 298 K. 1. 1.0 M NaOH
Further, 18 g of water is then added to the solution and the 2. 1.0 M Na2SO4
new vapour pressure becomes 2.9 kPa at 298 K. The molar
3. 1.0 M NH4NO3
mass of the solute will be -
4. 1.0 M KNO3
1. 23 g mol−1
2. 34 g mol−1
76 A solution containing 3.3 g of a substance in 125 g of
3. 15 g mol−1
benzene (b.p. 80 °C) boils at 80.66 °C. If Kb for one litre
4. 46 g mol−1
of benzene is 3.28 °C m-1, the molecular weight of the
72 The mass of a non-volatile solute substance shall be -
1. 127.20 g mol-1
(molar mass 40 g mol–1) that should be dissolved in 114 g
octane 2. 131.20 g mol-1
to reduce its vapour pressure to 80 % would be- 3. 137.12 g mol-1
1. 6 g 4. 142.72 g mol-1
2. 7 g
3. 8 g 77 The unit of ebullioscopic constant is-
4. 10 g
1. K kg mol-1 or K (molality)-1
2. mol kg K-1 or K-1 (molality)
3. kg mol-1 K-1 or K-1 (molality)-1
4. K mol kg-1 or K (molality)
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

78 If the molality of the dilute solution is doubled, the 80 At 100 °C the vapour pressure of a solution of 6.5 g
value of molal depression constant (Kf) will be- of a solute in 100 g water is 732 mm. If Kb = 0.52, the
1. Halved boiling point of this solution will be -
2. Tripled 1. 100 oC
3. Unchanged
2. 102 oC
4. Doubled
3. 103 oC
79 The correct graph amongst the following, that 4. 101 oC
represents the elevation in boiling point is:
81 The boiling point of 0.2 mol kg-1 solution of X in
water is greater than equimolal solution of Y in water.
The correct statement in this case is
1. X is undergoing dissociation in water.
Molecular mass of X is greater than the molecular mass
2.
1. of Y.
Molecular mass of X is less than the molecular mass of
3.
Y.
Y is undergoing dissociation in water while X
4.
undergoes no change.

82 Aluminium phosphate is 100 % ionized in 0.01 m

aqueous solution. Hence, ΔT b /kb is-
1. 0.01 m
2. 0.015 m
3. 0.0175 m
2. 4. 0.02 m

Elevation of Boiling Point -

Level II
83 The lowest boiling point, if concentration is fixed at
0.1 M in aqueous solution, is given by which of the
following solutions?
a. K2SO4
b. NaCl
3. c. Urea
d. Glucose
1. a, b
2. b, c
3. c, d
4. d, a
4. None of the above.
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

84 The latent heat of vaporization of water is 87 The molality of a solution containing a certain solute,
540 cal g-1 at 100 oC. Kb for water is if there is a freezing point depression of 0.184 °C, is-
(Kf = 18.4)
1. 0. 562 K m −1

2. 1. 86 K m −1 1. 0.01 m
3. 0. 515 K m −1 2. 10 m
4. 5. 12 K m −1 3. 0.05 m
4. 100 m
85 Select the correct option based on statements below:
88 The freezing point of depression constant (Kf ) of
When methyl alcohol is added to water,
Assertion (A): benzene is 5.12 K kg mol-1. The freezing point depression
boiling point of water increases.
for the solution of molality 0.078 m containing a non-
When a volatile solute is added to a
electrolyte solute in benzene is -
Reason (R): volatile solvent, elevation in boiling point
(rounded off upto two decimal places) :
is observed.
1. 0.80 K
2. 0.40 K
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct 3. 0.60 K
1.
explanation of (A). 4. 0.20 K
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct
2.
explanation of (A). 89 When 20 g of naphthoic acid (C11H8O2) is dissolved
3. (A) is true but (R) is false. in 50 g of benzene (Kf = 1.72 K kg mol–1),
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
a freezing point depression of 2 K is observed. The
van’t Hoff factor (i) is –
Depression of Freezing Point - 1. 0.5
2. 1
Level I 3. 2
4. 3
86 Match the laws given in Column I with expressions
given in Column II. 90 Freezing point of an aqueous solution is -0.166°C.
Column I Column II Elevation of boiling point of same solution would be-
A. Raoult’s law 1. π = CRT (Kb = 0.512 K m-1 and Kf = 1.66 K m-1)
B. Osmotic pressure 2. ΔT = K m
f f 1. 0.18°C
C. Elevation of boiling point 3. p = x p + x
1
0

1
0
2 p2 2. 0.05°C
D. Depression in freezing point 4. ΔT = Kb m
3. 0.09°C
b
4. 0.23°C
Codes
A B C D
91 In comparison to a 0.01 M solution of glucose, the
1. 2 3 4 1
depression in the freezing point of a 0.01 M MgCl2
2. 1 2 3 4
solution will be -
3. 1 4 3 2 1. Same
4. 3 1 4 2 2. About twice
3. About three times
4. About six times
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

92 A solution containing 6.8 g of a non-ionic solute in 94 The graph, amongst the following, that represents
100 g of water was found to freeze at −0.93 oC. The depression in the freezing point is:
freezing point depression constant of water is 1.86. The
molecular weight of the solute is-
1. 13.6 m
2. 34 m
3. 68 m
4. 136 m
1.
93 The freezing point depression constant for water is
1.86 oC m-1. If 5.00 g Na2SO4 is dissolved in 45.0 g H2O,
the freezing point is changed by -3.82 oC. The van’t Hoff
factor for Na2SO4 is:
1. 2.63
2. 3.11
3. 0.381
4. 2.05

2.

3.

4. None of the above

 Chapter 2 - Solutions

95 A solution of sucrose (molar mass = 342 g mol-1) has Depression of Freezing Point -
been prepared by dissolving 68.5 g of sucrose in 1000 g of
water. The freezing point of the solution obtained will be Level II
(Kf for water = 1.86 K kg mol-1)-
99 The incorrect statement among the following is:
1. -0.372 °C
2. 0.372 °C Two different solutions of sucrose of the same molality
3. 0.572 °C 1. prepared in different solvents will have the same
4. -0.572 °C depression in freezing point.
The osmotic pressure of a solution is given by the
96 Select the correct option based on statements below: 2. equation π = CRT (where C is the molarity of the
When NaCl is added to water a depression solution)
Assertion (A): Decreasing order of osmotic pressure for 0.01 M
in freezing point is observed.
The lowering of vapour pressure of a 3. aqueous solutions
Reason (R): solution causes depression in the freezing of BaCl2 > KCl > CH3COOH > sucrose
point. The vapour pressure exerted by a volatile component of
4. a solution is directly proportional to its mole fraction in
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct the solution.
1.
explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct 100 Two elements A and B form compounds having
2.
explanation of (A). formula AB2 and AB4. When dissolved in 20 g of benzene
3. (A) is true but (R) is false. (C6H6), 1 g of AB2 lowers the freezing point by 2.3 K
4. (A) is false but (R) is true. whereas 1.0 g of AB4 lowers it by 1.3 K. The atomic
masses of A and B are respectively -
97 Among the following options, 0.1 M aqueous solution (Kf for benzene is 5.1 K kg mol-1)
that will have the lowest freezing point is- 1. 15.59 u and 52.64 u
1. Potassium Sulphate 2. 25.59 u and 42.64 u
2. Sodium chloride 3. 13.59 u and 52.64 u
3. Urea 4. 23.59 u and 32.64 u
4. Glucose
101 Compound PdCl4.6H2O is a hydrated complex,
98 The depression in the freezing point of water when
1 molal aqueous solution of it has freezing point 269.28 K.
10 g of CH3CH2CHClCOOH is added to 250 g of water Assuming 100 % ionization of complex, the molecular
will be - formula of the complex is-
(Ka = 1.4 × 10–3, Kf = 1.86 K kg mol-1) (Kf for water = 1.86 K kg mole-1)
1. 0.32 K 1. [Pd(H2O)6]Cl4
2. 2.87 K 2. [Pd(H2O)4Cl2]Cl2.2H2O
3. 0.65 K
4. 5.03 K 3. [Pd(H2O)3Cl3]Cl.3H2O
4. [Pd(H2O)Cl4]4H2O
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

102 A 5 % solution (by mass) of cane sugar in water has Osmosis & Osmotic Pressure -
freezing point of 271 K. Freezing point of 5 % glucose in
water would be - Level I
(freezing point of pure water is 273.15 K)
1. 279.24 K 105 Match the items given in Column I and Column II.
2. - 269.06 K Column I Column II
3. 275. 42 oC Solution having same osmotic pressure
4. 269.06 K Saturated
A. 1. at a given temperature as that of a given
solution
solution.
103 A solution of 18 g of glucose in 1000 g of water is Hypertonic A solution whose osmotic pressure is
B. 2.
cooled to -0.2 oC. The amount of ice separating out from solution less than that of another.
this solution is - A solution that contains the maximum
[Kf(H2O) = 1.86 K molal-1] C.
Isotonic
3.
amount of solute that can be dissolved in
1. 70 g solution a given amount of solvent at a given
2. 140 g temperature.
3. 90 g Hypotonic A solution whose osmotic pressure is
D. 4.
4. 210 g solution more than that of another.

104 The salt that possesses the highest freezing point Codes
1. 0.01 M NaCl A B C D
2. 0.05 M Urea 1. 2 3 4 1
3. 0.01 M MgCl2 2. 2 4 3 1
4. 0.02 M NaCl 3. 3 4 1 2
4. 1 2 3 4

106 Isotonic solutions have the same-

1. Vapour pressure
2. Freezing temperature
3. Osmotic pressure
4. Boiling temperature

107 A pair of isotonic solutions, among the following, is

(assuming temperature to be the same) :
1. 0.1 (M) urea and 0.1 (M) NaCl
2. 0.1 (M) urea and 0.2 (M) MgCl2
3. 0.1 (M) NaCl and 0.1 (M) Na2SO4
4. 0.1 (M) Ca(NO3)2 and 0.1 (M) Na2SO4

108 The osmotic pressure of 5 % (mass-volume) solution

of cane sugar at 150 °C (mol. mass of sugar = 342 g/mole)
is-
1. 4 atm
2. 5.07 atm
3. 3.55 atm
4. 2.45 atm
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

109 Aqueous solutions of 0.004 M Na2SO4 and 0.01 M 115 An unripe mango placed in a concentrated salt
Glucose are isotonic. The degree of dissociation of solution to prepare pickle shrivels because -
Na2SO4 is- 1. It gains water due to osmosis.
1. 25% 2. It loses water due to reverse osmosis.
2. 60% 3. It gains water due to reverse osmosis.
3. 75% 4. It loses water due to osmosis.
4. 85%
Osmosis & Osmotic Pressure -
110 The relationship between osmotic pressure at 273 K,
when 10 gm glucose (P1), 10 gm urea (P2), and 10 gm
Level II
sucrose (P3) are dissolved in 250 ml of water, is-
116 The incorrect statement among the following is:
1. P1 > P2 > P3
Units of atmospheric pressure and osmotic pressure are
2. P3 > P1 > P2 1.
the same.
3. P2 > P1 > P3 In reverse osmosis, solvent molecules move through a
4. P2 > P3 > P1 semipermeable membrane from a region of lower
2.
concentration of solute to a region of higher
111 An aqueous solution containing 1 g of urea boils at concentration.
100.25 °C. The aqueous solution containing 3 g of glucose The value of molal depression constant depends on
3.
in the same volume will boil at- nature of solvent.
1. 100.75 °C Relative lowering of vapour pressure, is a
4.
2. 100.5 °C dimensionless quantity.
3. 100 °C
4. 100.25 °C 117 The amount of CaCl2 (i = 2.47) dissolved in 2.5 litre
of water such that its osmotic pressure is 0.75 atm at 27 °C
112 At a given temperature, osmotic pressure of a is-
concentrated solution of a substance: 1. 1.02 g
1. is higher than that of a dilute solution. 2. 4.35 g
2. is lower than that of a dilute solution. 3. 2.87 g
4. 3.42 g
3. is same as that of a dilute solution.
cannot be compared with osmotic pressure of dilute 118 pH of a 0.1 (M) monobasic acid is 2. Osmotic
4.
solution.
pressure at a given temperature T is-
1. 0.1RT
113 Preservation of fruits against bacterial action by 2. 0.11RT
adding sugar is an example of- 3. 1.1RT
1. Exosmosis 4. 0.01RT
2. Reverse-osmosis
3. Diffusion 119 During osmosis, the flow of water through a semi-
4. Capillary action
permeable membrane is:
114 If 'A' contains 2 % NaCl and is separated by a semi 1. from a solution having higher concentration only
from both sides of the semi-permeable membrane with
permeable membrane from 'B', which contains 10 % NaCl, 2.
equal flow rates
then the event that will occur is
1. NaCl will flow from 'A' to 'B' from both sides of the semi-permeable membrane with
3.
2. NaCl will flow from 'B' to 'A' unequal flow rates
3. Water will flow from 'A' to 'B' 4. from a solution having lower concentration only
4. Water will flow from 'B' to 'A'
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

Azeotrope - Level I Azeotrope - Level II

120 The boiling point of an azeotropic mixture of water 124 The type of inter molecular interactions present in
and ethanol is less than that of water and Methanol and Van der Waal’s forces of
ethanol individually. The mixture shows: (a) (i)
Acetone attraction
1. No deviation from Raoult's law Acetonitrile and
2. Positive deviation from Raoult's law (b) (ii) ion-dipole interaction
Acetone
3. Negative deviation from Raoult's law
(iii) dipole-dipole interaction
4. That the solution is unsaturated

121 The azeotropic mixture of water and ethanol boils at (a) (b)
1. (iii) (ii)
78.15 oC. When this mixture is distilled, it is possible to
obtain- 2. (ii) (ii)
1. Pure H2O 3. (iii) (iii)
2. Pure C2H5OH 4. (iii) (i)
3. Pure H2O as well as pure C2HOH
4. Neither H2O nor C2H5OH in their pure state Van’t Hoff Factor - Level I
122 The type of inter molecular interactions present in 125 The electrolyte having same value of Van't Hoff
factor (i) as that of Al2(SO4)3 (if all are 100% ionized) is-
n-hexane and n- Van der Waal’s forces of
(a) (i) 1. K2SO4
octane attraction
(b) NaClO4 and water (ii) ion-dipole interaction 2. K3[Fe(CN)6]
(iii) dipole-dipole interaction 3. Al(NO3)3
4. K4[Fe(CN)6]
(a) (b)
1. (i) (ii) 126 The Van't Hoff factor for 0.1 M Ba(NO3)2 solution is
2. (ii) (ii) 2.74. The degree of dissociation is -
1. 91.3 %
3. (i) (iii)
2. 87 %
4. (iii) (iii) 3. 100 %
4. 74 %
123 The mixture that forms maximum boiling azeotrope
is- 127 The van’t Hoff factor, i, for a compound that
1. Heptane + Octane undergoes dissociation and association in a solvent, is
2. Water + Nitric acid respectively -
3. Ethanol + Water 1. Less than one and less than one
4. Acetone + Carbon disulfide 2. Greater than one and less than one
3. Greater than one and greater than one
4. Less than one and greater than one

128 The Van't Hoff factor of a 0.005 M aqueous solution

of KCl is 1.95. The degree of ionisation of KCl is-
1. 0.95
2. 0.97
3. 0.94
4. 0.96
 Chapter 2 - Solutions

129 The van’t Hoff factor (i) for a dilute aqueous 134 Three aqueous solutions of NaCl are labelled as ‘A',
solution of a strong electrolyte barium hydroxide is- ‘B’ and ‘C with concentrations 0.1 M, 0.01 M and
1. 0 0.001 M, respectively. The value of van’t Hoff factor for
2. 1 these solutions will be in the order of -
3. 2 1. iA < iB < iC
4. 3 2. iA > iB > iC
3. iA = iB = iC
130 A 0.0020 m aqueous solution of an ionic compound
4. iA < iB > iC
Co(NH3)5(NO2)Cl freezes at -0.0073 oC. Number of
moles of ions which 1 mol of ionic compound produces on
being dissolved in water will be -
(Kf = -1.86 oC/m)
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 1

131 17.4 % (w/v) K 2 SO4 solution at 27 °C is isotonic to

5.85 % (w/V) NaCl solution at 27 °C. lf NaCl is 100 %
ionised, the % ionisation of K SO in aqueous solution
2 4

is-
[At wt. of K = 39, Na = 23] :-
1. 25 %
2. 75 %
3. 50 %
4. None of the above

Van’t Hoff Factor - Level II

132 0.5 molal aqueous solution of a weak acid (HX) is
20 % ionised. The lowering in the freezing point of the
solution will be :
[Kf for water = 1.86 K kg mol-1]
1. -1.12 K
2. 0.56 K
3. 1.12 K
4. -0.56 K

133 If the relative decrease in vapour pressure is 0.4 for a

solution containing 1 mol NaCl in 3 mol of H2 O , then
percentage ionisation of NaCl will be -
1. 60%
2. 80%
3. 40%
4. 100%