JMAG Function Tutorial

Workflow and Key Points of Topology Optimization

Contents

Overview........................................................................................................................................ 2
1 Workflow and Key Points ........................................................................................................... 2
2 Function Description ................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Setting the Study ................................................................................................................. 4
2.2 Setting the Optimization....................................................................................................... 4
2.3 Running the Calculation....................................................................................................... 7
2.4 Evaluating the Results ......................................................................................................... 8
Related Documents ..................................................................................................................... 10

This project was created using the following software.

■ Version JMAG-Designer 21.2
This document uses the following data.
■ JMAG Project File A JFT175TopologyOptimizationBasic-01.jproj
 JMAG Function Tutorial - Workflow and Key Points of Topology Optimization -

Overview
This document covers the general flow of topology optimization and provides the key points for
each step and useful functions.
It is intended for intermediate level users who are able to use technical references to improve
accuracy and efficiency in their analysis. Therefore, basic information and detailed procedures
are not included.

Keyword: Topology Optimization, on/off method, Workflow, SSH, JMAG-RemoteSystem, CSV

output, NGnet, Power Simulation License, PSL

1 Workflow and Key Points

The workflow and key points for running topology optimization is shown in Fig. 1-1.

Settings for output control

Create Study Settings
Function restriction on response values

Selection of optimization method (JFT057)

Create Optimization Settings
CSV output settings (objective function, weight)

Use of CNN surrogate model (JFT153)

Distributed processing of multi-case calculation

Run the Calculation (JFT161, JFT170)

Efficient distributed processing (JFT169)

Licenses to use

Check geometry of specified case (JFT156)

Evaluate/analyze the Results
Response evaluation using CSV file

Evaluating effect of holes generated by topology

optimization (JFT110)

Fig. 1-1 Workflow and Key Points of Topology Optimization

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 JMAG Function Tutorial - Workflow and Key Points of Topology Optimization -

2 Function Description
This section focuses on the key features for running topology optimization and explains the
procedure according to the workflow. Open the sample data provided in JMAG-Designer and
refer to the related documents as needed.
The sample data is for topology optimization of an IPM motor. The model information is shown
in Fig. 2-1 and optimization conditions are shown in Table 2-1.

Stator core
Coil

Rotor core

: Design region

Magnet

Fig. 2-1 IPM Motor

Table 2-1 Optimization Conditions

Item Settings

Optimization Engine Genetic Algorithm (Topology)

Number of Generations 500

Population Size 350

Number of Children 140

Average torque Maximize

Torque ripple Minimize

Objective Maximum value of von mises stress in

Less than 200 Mpa
Function rotor core

Displacement in radial direction of rotor

Less than 0.085 mm
core

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 JMAG Function Tutorial - Workflow and Key Points of Topology Optimization -

2.1 Setting the Study

<Output Control>
The use of [Output Table Results Only.(No Mesh will be Output)] is recommended. This will
significantly reduce the disk space used in your calculation environment.

<Function Restriction on Response Value>

When analysis groups and multiple studies are used in topology optimization, the response
value cannot be used as an input value for other studies.

2.2 Setting the Optimization

<Selecting an optimization method>
The methods for topology optimization in JMAG-Designer are the on/off method (hereafter
referred to as the NGnet method) and the density method. With the NGnet method, materials
can be placed in any way within the design region to express a variety of forms. The types of
objective functions for the density method are limited, but the calculation converges quickly and
solutions are obtained from a few cases. With the density method, an objective function is
selected from a pre-defined list and topology optimization based on sensitivity analysis is run.
In this example, the NGnet method is selected. For details, refer to the following document.
JMAG Function Tutorial [JFT057] How to Run Topology Optimization[1]

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 JMAG Function Tutorial - Workflow and Key Points of Topology Optimization -

<CSV Output Settings (Objective Function, Weight)>

Set the output path of the CSV file that records the objective function and NGnet weight in the
[Output] tab of the [Optimization] setting panel. This will allow you to check the objective
function value, response value, and geometry of any given case on the local machine even
while the results are left on the remote machine. Make sure to include the CSV file extension
(*.csv) of the file name.

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<Transferring the calculation results>

The use of [Leave Results on Server] is recommended. Calculation folders can use up to
hundreds of GB to several TB of disk space, therefore leaving the results on the remote
machine avoids “disk full” on the local machine.

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 JMAG Function Tutorial - Workflow and Key Points of Topology Optimization -

2.3 Running the Calculation

<Using the Surrogate Model>
The CNN surrogate model can be used to shorten calculation when there are an extremely
large number of cases and calculating optimization takes time. When a CNN surrogate model is
used in topology optimization, FEA is not run. For details refer to the document below.
JMAG Function Tutorial [JFT153] Topology Optimization Calculations Using CNN Surrogate
Models[2]

<Distributed Processing>
Distributed processing is highly recommended when there are many calculation cases. For
details on running distributed processing and distributing efficiently, refer to the documents listed
below.
JMAG Function Tutorial [JFT161] Remote Execution for Analysis Using SSH and PBS
Options[3]
JMAG Function Tutorial [JFT170] Distributed Processing Using JMAG-RemoteSystem[4]
JMAG Function Tutorial [JFT169] Run Distributed Processing Efficiently[5]

<Licenses>
The Power Simulation License (PSL) is a paid license dedicated to multi-case calculations.
One license can simultaneously run up to 100 cases in a single study or analysis group. For
details refer to the document below.
[L-OP-26] Reducing License Costs for Multi-Case Calculations[6]
https://www.jmag-international.com/leaflet/l-op-26/

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2.4 Evaluating the Results

<Evaluation of response values>
Check the response value obtained by optimization in the CSV file where the objective function
is output. An example of the output CSV file is shown below.

Objective function Response value

<Checking the geometry>

The geometry can be checked by opening the JCF file in the calculation folder of any given
case.
In addition, the geometry of a specified case can be restored from a CSV file where the
weights are output by using [Add a Case by Specifying a Weight File]. For details refer to the
document below.
JMAG Function Tutorial [JFT156] Creating Shapes Using NGnet Weight[7]

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<Evaluation of distributed quantity for any given case>

When [Output Table Results Only.(No Mesh will be Output)] is selected in 2.1, only the result
table is output to the result file. Recalculation is required if you want to check the distribution
quantity of the case specified in <Checking the geometry>. Duplicate the case for which you
want to check the distribution quantity in [Duplicate Study], deselect [Output Table Results
Only.(No Mesh will be Output)], and check the boxes for the items of the distribution quantities
you want to check in [Control of Distribution].

<Evaluation of optimal solution>

When holes and grooves are created as a result of topology optimization, it is important to
check the effect these geometries have on the response values and to determine whether they
are necessary. Therefore, create a case in which the material for each geometry is changed, run
the calculation, and evaluate the geometry of the holes and grooves. For details, refer to the
document below.
JMAG Function Tutorial [JFT110] Evaluating the Effect of the Large Number of Holes
Generated by Topology Optimization[8]

END

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 JMAG Function Tutorial - Workflow and Key Points of Topology Optimization -

Related Documents

[1] [JFT057] How to Run Topology Optimization

[2] [JFT153] Topology Optimization Calculations Using CNN Surrogate Models

[3] [JFT161] Remote Execution for Analysis Using SSH and PBS Options

[4] [JFT170] Distributed Processing Using JMAG-RemoteSystem

[5] [JFT169] Run Distributed Processing Efficiently

[6] [L-OP-26] Reducing License Costs for Multi-Case Calculations

[7] [JFT156] Creating Shapes Using NGnet Weight

[8] [JFT110] Evaluating the Effect of the Large Number of Holes Generated by Topology

Optimization

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 JMAG Function Tutorial - Workflow and Key Points of Topology Optimization -

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JMAG Function Tutorial

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