MIDTERM EXAMINATION COVERAGE

MODULE 1: SITE PLANNING, ANALYSIS AND

DEVELOPMENT

SITE PLANNING
- Process of managing the resources of the
project site to provide functional,
aesthetically pleasing, and sustainable
buildings Natural resources
- Arranging the external physical environment - Include the soil, vegetation, and even the air
to support human behavior on-site
- referring to the Regulation, Production,
Sustainable Development Carrier, and Information functions of Natural
- Resources are limited; be careful with what resources are its various benefits.
you have and how you use it - Regulation functions (air and water
- Renewable resources like timber and some purification, biodiversity)
plastics are available, however preferred - Production functions (food and fiber)
materials like concrete are finite - Carrier functions (space)
- The land on which the building itself is built - Information functions (spiritual and
cannot be re-used until the building is aesthetic value
demolished - For example, a healthy Natural Environment
- Properly manage our building resources is able to purify the air and water.
- provide food while some sites even have
- The finite nature of building materials is the spiritual as well as aesthetic value.
reason why sustainability is now the goal of
the construction industry Cultural Resources
- Architects should be able to create more - refer to the historical and traditional value of
efficient buildings for less; benefit clients & some sites which must be considered
society before the start of any construction project
- The value of these sites is somewhat
Resources are divided into 2 groups: intangible but proper management of these
- Natural Resources resources will inevitably lead to various
- Cultural Resources community benefits in the long term.
- For example, historical landmarks not only
- To achieve sustainable development, these inform us of the past but helps define a
2 resources must be reconciled with the community's identity.
existing built environment - Archaeological sites
- Sustainability for sustainable development - Historic buildings, districts,
is determined by existing patterns of natural landmarks, and structures
and cultural resources, as well as by the - Community history and architectural
patterns of physical and socioeconomic heritage
attributes - Vernacular architecture
- Traditional neighborhoods

Build environment
- refers to everything else that is not included
in the first two groups
 - covers infrastructure which is composed of critical environmental processes, and protects
the existing roads, bridges, and highways intrinsic natural and cultural amenities
- Utilities are systems that provide drinking
water, electricity, waste management, and
communications/internet Sustainable site planning is context-sensitive,
- Economic factors like property value, project therefore, minimizing negative development
costs, and financial impacts also play a role impacts by respecting the landscape’s natural
in site planning patterns and processes
- also refers to rules and regulations that
govern the site e.g. land Use Policy and
building Laws.
- Infrastructure (utilities,
transportation)
- Land use and land cover
- Property value
- Hazards/nuisances
- Services (fire, police, medical,
education)
- Land use politcy (plans, regulations,
incentices)
- Visibility and visual quality
PRE-DESIGN PHASE
- Suitability for sustainable development

Analyzing these three elements helps us focus on

these important questions for Architectural Design:

● What inputs (energy, material, labor,

etc.) are needed to support a project,
and what are readily available?
● Can waste outputs (solid waste, sewage
effluent, exhaust emission, etc.) be dealt
with at an acceptable environmental
cost?
● Can the negative impacts of
development be mitigated or
minimized?

Sustainable approach to site planning pays The site planning process is cyclical. The first step
close attention to development intensity, of which is to assess the project objectives and
location, and considers the initial benefits, stakeholders. Usually, in your classes and in
impacts of development, as well as the project’s professional practice, a site is given to you.
life cycle costs However, there are instances where a project
would require you to select a site e.g. thesis and
major public projects. In that scenario, a set of
Site planning that is responsive to inherent
objectives or vision is given and the designer,
environmental constraints reduces
afterward, a site is selected based on those
construction costs, allows the continuation of
objectives. Ultimately all design projects must begin
with some form of assessment and this process is 2. Data Collection - Identifying several factors
widely known as Programming. related to the project which include, client goals,
market demand, legal context, project budget, and
existing site conditions. There was a survey by
Preiser (1985, p.11) which found the most common
methods of gathering program data as follows (first
being the most popular): Interviews, surveys,
document analysis, behavioral observation, visiting
a state-of-the-art project, literature search, and
"Other" (charrettes, workshops, and discussions).
The collection of relevant data will lead to a
program that considers all several factors at once.

Programming 3. Site and Context - It is essential in professional

practice to perform regular site visits to assess the
From the diagram above we see that LaGro Jr. context of the project location. During site visits, it
(2008) aligns programming with site selection. The would be prudent to take photographs and notes on
Programming itself is composed of dividing the site significant features of the site. Larger design firms
into three "Inventories" Physical, Biological, and would even have formal documentation for such
Cultural. activities. From this list of on-site observations a
program that is perceptive to the needs of the
Site Inventory is another way of studying the
project location.
resources on-site and I believe it's even more
straightforward than the previous categorization of
"natural, cultural, and built environment." Physical
factors include all existing items on-site that are
non-living. The non-living items are included in the
Biological category. Cultural factors remain the
same.

Programming Methods

For this class, we can define programming as the

process of identifying the objectives of the project
and its compatibility with the site. LaGro Jr. (2008)
describes the process as requiring information
about user needs, the site, and both
successful/unsuccessful design precedents. LaGro
further describes the following methods of
programming:

1. Goal Setting - Goldman and Peatross (1993)

describe how identifying goals can be done in the Sample Site Visit Report Form
following steps: Initiating the project, developing the
project mission/objectives, determine operational Links to an external site.
and physical requirements, and finally documenting
and presenting to the client. The program emerges
from the list of requirements produced from Goal 4. User Needs and Preferences - In architecture,
Setting. the client is the main stakeholder. The users are
also considered stakeholders but the person paying
for the construction holds substantial influence on
the project. Therefore, design professionals need to example, organizations like the US Green Building
reach an agreement with the client to create a Council have advised developers to build on infill
comprehensive program that will eventually lead to sites. An infill site is an area that has been
a successful project. previously used - it usually has existing buildings
and is repurposed for a new project. In this way, the
5. Design Precedents - Using successful projects
site (input) is reused and the waste (output) coming
as a base for creating a new program is easier than
from new land development is eliminated. Below
it ever was thanks to the internet. We can now
are the steps of the site selection process, which
analyze patterns of development with the click of a
include:
button and compare/contrast different projects to
determine what makes them work. Citing case 1. Identifying Objectives and
studies for programming ensures to some degree Requirements
that a project will be successful because a similar 2. Identify Site Selection Criteria
project has been done before. 3. Identifying Potential Sites
4. Evaluating Potential Sites
Who Makes The Program?
5. Ranking Potential Sites
6. Conducting a Feasibility Study of Best
The program may be prepared by the client alone
Site
or together with the architect and other consultants.
For smaller projects like a single detached dwelling, The steps are very self-explanatory and we'll
the client would usually have an idea of what they discuss them further in the next few modules.
need - no formal programming is necessary.
However, for a more complex project like an
apartment or mall, the client is usually a private
company with a team of consultants analyzing
market data, demographics, and economic trends.
In this situation, the program is already well defined
and the architect will just need to comply.
Architectural firms tend to have a bigger hand in the
programming process if they have the resources
and experience.

SITE ASSESSMENT PHASE

Once the objectives and stakeholders are identified Site Selection Process Diagram (LaGro Jr., 2008,
and a Progam is made accordingly, the second p.49)
phase of the site planning process (Site
Assessment) can begin. In professional practice, Site Inventory
both phases overlap but in order for us to study the
process, they are identified as two distinct steps. The goal of this activity is to list down or map all the
The activities in this second phase include Site important physical, biological, and cultural
Selection, Site Inventory, and Site Analysis. attributes. Similar to our managing resources
assignment designers will have to observe the site,
Site Selection taking note of its significant features. These may
include circulation patterns and traffic volumes,
The site selection process contributes to existing utility systems, or architectural character
sustainable development such that a site chosen within the surrounding built environment. On
with a specific program in mind should require smaller-scale projects site inventories are relatively
fewer inputs (energy, materials, funding, etc.) and easy to make while on larger projects more
lesser negative outputs (waste, pollutants, etc.). For
comprehensive observations and analysis are
required.

○ Physical - Soil (bearing

capacity, porosity, stability,
acidity, etc.), Topography
(elevation, slope, aspect,
etc.), Hydrology (surface
drainage, water chemistry,
aquifers, etc.), Geology
(landforms, seismic hazards,
depth to bedrock, etc.), and
Climate (solar access,
winds, fog pockets, etc.)
○ Biological - Vegetation (plant
communities, specimen
trees, exotic invasive
species, etc), Wildlife
(Habitats for endangered
species)
○ Cultural - Land use (prior
use, land use of adjoining
properties), Legal (political
boundaries, land ownership,
land use regulations, etc.), Relationship between attribute mapping and
Utilities (water supply, waste land-use suitability analysis (LaGro Jr., 2008, p.17)
sewer, electric, gas,
Site Analysis
telecommunications, etc.),
Circulation (street function, This is where all the data gathered from previous
traffic volume, etc.), Sensory steps are summarised and studied. "Buildable" and
(visibility, visual quality, undesirable elements are determined based on the
noise, odors, etc.) program. The analysis is prepared by the designers
and presented to the client so that everyone is in
agreement. As much as possible all relevant items
are considered so that there will be minimal
changes in the design and construction phases.
 Information from the site analysis is utilized by - User experience
many professions engaged in the land development - Provide data
process (LaGro Jr., 2008, p.18)
Hierarchy of Needs
The image above identifies a list of items that are
- Written by Abraham Maslow in this 1943
considered in site analysis. Planning in this diagram
paper “a theory of human motivation”
refers to the activity of reviewing schemes for site
development. This is also very much related to
Landscape Architecture, the experts of maintaining
and improving the natural environment. Next, is
Architecture, the architect must consider how the
building will impact the site, its immediate
surroundings, and how it fits into the city. Engineers
provide the utilities needed for any project, water,
electricity, and telecommunications to name a few.
Real Estate refers to the economic factors that are
relevant to the project. For example in a subdivision - The lowest part of the pyramid shows the
or residential development, real estate consultants most basic needs
can determine realistic estimates on cost and - When the biological/physiological
profits. And finally, the Law considers regulations needs are already met, aspirations
and standards in the Philippines, this can be easily rise
found in PD 1096 the National Building Code of the - When you have a sense of safety
Philippines. needs are elevated to wanting love
and belongingness

Relationship of Personal aspirations and City

aspirations

MODULE 3: CLASSICAL PLANNING THEORIES

by Kevin Lynch, ELEMENTS OF A CITY, TOD
(Transit Oriented Development) and POD
(Pedestrian Oriented Development)
- Societies would follow the same situation
Planning with Maslow’s Hierarchy
- A circular process - Cities reflect the standards of living
- The way we design things as of its people
architects, has to be a continuous - When the needs of the people in the
loop personal level are not met it reflects into the
- This means to provide data before aspirations of the city
the design part - In Cebu: Most people are not
- A lot of research is needed to do the self-actualized (they do not crave for
actual design cultural centers, social avenues,
- Even when the building is erected you must stadiums, recreation) , because
still study: most people only think about
- how the building is used by people surviving
- What you intend to design and how
it functions
 - This is reflected on how we only - Cities have already become very dense and
have basic urban structures such as populated
roads, bridges - This leads to traffic jams, flooding,
- Because of this there is a pollution
lack of cultural and public - People would start complaining for a
spaces for recreation better life
- People just tend to go to - Examples of an Amenity City - Singapore
malls where all of these are
available
- The state of the people reflects the state of
the City

Urban Development Trajectory

1. Trading
Most successful cities started out with as a trading
port Manila as a port city
Cities who are successful in trading
● Singapore and Melbourne
● Cebu is a port city
○ Colon is a significant commercial
district
■ This was because of the
galleon trade - which was
eventually transferred to
manila
2. Manufacturing
Cities who have surplus to buy equipment and start
industrialization and manufacturing - ^ the galleon trade of the walled city of
manila
Services - Manila was elevated to protect the
The city becomes richer and lots of locators rent on city from invaders (see them from
the manufacturing/industrial zones afar) and protect their goods from
- The extra income is allocated/ land banking ships
for business people or the government to
build offices Mandaue:
- This allows cities to have prime
offices around the world to rent
- National firms can rent
spaces that is not in their
home country (ex. Call
centers)
- BPO (business, process,
outsourcing)
- The existence of a service economy - Mandaue city absorbed the demand for
in a city houses in cebu city and transitioned into an
industrial hub
Amenity - Lots of furniture making and
factories
 - A shift of trading to manufacturing - When peoples income increase they shy
away from the industrial cities
- They want to live/work in offices
- Pay is higher and
Relationship between local economic development environment that they work in
and land use is alot better

Service City/ Service Economy (?)

- Lands developed
- Suburban
- These are land developed for the
purpose of selling
- Real Estate is the motivation
of Service Economy
- Areas are reclaimed land:
- Ex. IT park used to be an
airport

Trading Cities
- Only one center
- No proper housing infrastructure
- Cebu: colon was the only trading center
back in the day

Amenities Cities
- Edge cities - it is further away from the CBD
- Highly attractive to skilled professionals and
people ‘
- There is a transition to research and
development
Manufacturing Oriented
- peri -urban - meaning in the outskirts
- Manufacturing in is highly polluted
- Because it needs of be
powered up
- Trunk infrastructure (power, internet,
water)
- To provide need for far away
settlements from the center
- Leads to environmental problems
 - The further you are from the center the
more affluent
-

Sector Concept

Three Major Urban Land Use models and

Concepts:
1. Classical conceptual models of urban form
2. New norm: Multi-nodality
○ Multi nodes - many center
3. Regional level: Polycentric
○ Multiple centers across regions

Concentric-Zone Concept

Multiple-Nuclei Concept

- Also known as the Burgess zone model

New norm: Multi-modality

- The graph shows the consequence of land

values the farther away you are from the
center
- The closer you are to the CBD, the
bid rate at the center is high, rent is
- Intention was to have multiple centers also high
- So that people could work and do - As you go further away, rent
commerce near by their homes becomes more cheaper
- the bid rent curve explains the concept of
Regional Level: Polycentric suburbanization
- Opens up alot of opportunities for regions

5 ELEMENTS OF A CITY: KEVIN LYNCH

A city has 5 elements:

1. Path
Graphs and tables: Are the channels along which the observer moves.
They may be streets, walkways, transit lines,
Bid Rent Curve canals, railroads.
 2. Edge
Edges are the linear elements not used or
considered as paths by the observer. They are the
boundaries between two phases, linear breaks in
continuity: shores, railroad cuts, edges of
development, walls.
- barriers, more or less penetrable, which
close one region off from another; or they
may be seams, lines along which two
regions are related and joined together. Kevin Lynch: Mapping Method
Physical & Spatial Characteristic of Environment
3. District
Districts are character areas perceived to have Performance of the City
common characteristics, a separate visual identity - The degree of a good city performance is
from the rest of environment. determined by its ability of providing by its
- determined by continuities and ability of providing biological, psychological,
homogeneities of facades materials, social and cultural requirements to its
textures, spaces, forms, details, symbols, inhabitants.
building type, uses, Activities, inhabitants,
colors, skyline topography,
…etc.(Lynch,1960).

4. Node
Nodes are points, the strategic spots in a city into
which an observer can enter, and which are the
intensive foci to and from which he is traveling.
They may be primarily junctions, places of a break
in transportation, a crossing or convergence of
paths, moments of shift from one structure to
another.
- Good recognizable node should have its
identity through singularity and continuity of
walls, floor, planting, lighting, topography,
- To fully develop human potential we must
silhouette, function, clarity of shape and
provide all the needs of our environment
intensity of use.
- Relates with maslows needs
- For cities to become successful we
5. Landmark
must gather data to determine what
Landmarks are another type of point-reference, but
are the needs of the people
in this case the observer does not enter within
them, they are external. They are usually a rather
- Lynch described observer as a citizen who
simply defined physical object: building, sign, store,
“has had long associations with someparts
or mountain. Involves the singling out of one
of his city and his image is soaked in
element from a host of possibilities.
memories and meanings
- can be a mobile point
- He divides environmental elements into
moving elements (such as peoples and their
activities) and stationary physical parts
- way -finding in his theory is related to two
things:
 - Physical elements
- A map drawn in peoples’ mind
- This map is what lynch
named mental map or
cognitive map.
- When you interact
with your environment
this leads your head
TOD means summary:
to make a cognitive
- 24 hrs you have 8 hours to live, play, work
map
- This is because you don’t have to
- You profile the place
suffer because of hassle commute
with a physical map in
through transit oriented development
your head
PEDESTRIAN ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (POD)

13 points of a POD:
1. Discernible center
Square or green and sometimes busy or
memorable street corner. A transit stop would be
located at this center
2. Within a 5 minute walk
3. A variety of dwelling types
Could be for younger older poor etc
4. Shops and schools at the edges
5. An elementary school is close enough so
URBAN NODES AND TOD
that most children can walk
- Why develop urban nodes
6. There are small playgrounds accessible to
- Land use patterns: live, work, play,
every dwelling
near mass transit
7. Streets within the neighborhood from a
- Accessibility for agglomerated: Live
connected network, which disperse traffic by
,work
providing a variety of of pedestrian and
- Low impact transportation with high
vehicular routes to any destination
density mixed used nodes.
8. The street are relatively narrow and shaded
by rows of trees
9. Buildings are in the neighborhood center
are shaded by rows of trees
10. Buildings in the neighborhood center are
placed close to the street. Creating
well-defined outdoor room
11. Parking is relegated to the rear of the
building, usually access by alleys
12. Certain prominent sites at the termination of
street vistas in the neighborhood center
reserved for civic buildings
- transit oriented developments are walkable
13. The neighborhood is organized to be self
developments
governing
14. For single family house: small ancillary
building is permitted
~~~~~~~~~~ floatage, fishing or salvage or to build structures of
Q&A any kind.
Distance from CBD has consequences of land use - Masterplan of the communities, cities, or the
and values country have to be considered
A: Bid Rent Theoru - If based sa masterplan ang
planning, naay budget
These are usually edge cities, highly attractive with
centers of culture and tourism in the CBD Concept of Biophilia:
a : amenity - Hypothetical human tendency to interact or
be closely associated with other forms of life
Port cities are usually highly dense with only once in nature
CBD
A: Monocentric RIVER SYMBIOTIC

In urban development trajectory, port cities, started

out with which enormous base
A: Trading

Most Cities that originated in sea trading routes are

called?
A: Port cities
- Dapat mutually beneficial relationship aning
mga elements

Module 4 - Marion
ECOTOURISM
PRIMARY GOALS
- Places an approach at the center of
1. Demographics and Research
sustainable tourism, ensuring even
- Kahibaw ka para kay kinsa ug para unsa
development in three pillars –
ang imo design
environmental, social and economic
- Framework: aspirations > results (PPAs,
- Key principles:
Projects, Plans, Programs, Policies) >
1. Involve the local communities
outcomes (short term) > impact: vision
2. Reduce the negative impact on the
(long term)
environment
- Considerations: transportation,
a. Does not contribute further
recreation, tourism
harm to the environment
3. Respect the rights of the local
Water Code (Presidential Decree No. 1067, s.
people
1976)
a. Including indigenous
ARTICLE 51
4. Based around nature
The banks of rivers and streams and the shores of
5. Environmental education is provided
the seas and lakes throughout their entire length
a. The community has to know
and within a zone of three
how this affects the
(3) meters in urban areas, twenty (20) meters in
environment, and what could
agricultural areas and forty (4o) meters in forest
be done to reduce the
areas, along their margins, are subject to the
impacts
easement of public use in the interest of recreation,
b. Visitors are also aware of
navigation, floatage, fishing and salvage. No
what they are getting into
person shall be allowed to stay in this zone longer
c. Awareness
than what is necessary for recreation, navigation,
6. Sustainably managed
7. Strengthened local livelihood
 a. Communities are still able to - Green infrastructure refers to
continue their jobs trees, lawns, henderows,
b. Jobs that are intertwined with parks, fields, forests, etc.
the environment are not b. Nature-Based Solutions: sustainable
affected – it should support planning, design, environmental
management and engineering
THE ARCHITECT’S ROLE practices that weave natural features
- Standard of Professional Practice (SPP): or processes into built environment
IRR of R.A. No. 9266 2. Scope of to promote adaptation and resilience
Pre-design Services - Use of natural features and
- On pre-design services: radical solutions
1. Consultation - Climate justice at the root
2. 2. Pre-Feasibility Studies c. Understanding of rural-urban
3. Feasibility Studies linkages
4. Site Selection and Analysis - Relationship between rural
5. Site Utilization and Land-use Studies and urban: both are
6. Architectural Research necessary to achieve
7. Architectural Programming common prosperity
8. Design Brief Preparation - Rural spaces are needed for
- The Architect can render services in any of food security, environmental
the following ways: benefits, wildlife habitat and
1. As an individual architect, he must heritage preservation
have special training and be - Urban spaces are important
knowledgeable in different fields to for job security, civic
supplement his skills relations, residences
2. Architect’s own staff
3. By association, consultation or ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE
networking - Networks of basic services needed for the
functioning of key systems, such as water
2. Sustainable Development Goals, Integration supply, sewage, drainage and solid waste
of Blue Green Infrastructures, Nature-Based
Solutions
a. Blue green infrastructure: approach
opted by many urban cities to
combat climate change and
environmental degradation
- Focus on urban flood
resilience and aims to restore
the health of ecosystems
- Green buildings
- Gray infrastructure refers to
buildings, roads, and other
urban constructions
- Blue infrastructure refers to
water elements, like rivers,
canals, ponds, wetlands,
floodplains, water treatment
facilities, etc. 3. People Oriented Urban Design
 a. Application of Transit-oriented c. Stakeholder Identification and
Development, People-Oriented analysis
Development and User based Urban - Kahibaw ka kinsa imo
Design Concepts gibuhat ug plano di mag
- TOD: Priority on walkable tagna tagna
cities and public d. Stakeholder Consultations
transportation - Dapat ni agree ang communities
- No to jeepney affected
phaseout SOCIAL INCLUSION (INCLUSIVE GROWTH)
- POD: focus on improving
local communities’
self-reliance, social justice,
and participatory
decision-making
- User-based: conditions of the
community are considered,
including cultures and
traditions
- Importante na
magamit sa buhi
imong design - top-down and bottom up approaches to
reflect the coastal management systems to
GESI Principles (Gender Equality, Social address the natural disaster
Inclusion, Diversity) - Bottom-up approach ang korik kay
a. Gender equality and social inclusion people-centered
- Central to the development process - Stakeholder consultation
- If we want to ensure that the process is - Include the marginalized groups:
equitable, and benefits reach marginalized - Women, children, elderly,
groups, the development process must be fisherfolks, farmers, informal
informed by diverse voices. economy, informal settler
- It is impossible to risk-inform development families (ISFs), PWDs,
without understanding and addressing the LGBTQ+, Indigenous
underlying vulnerabilities that arise due to peoples, Underprivileged,
structural inequalities that prevent women Homeless, Convicts,
and marginalized groups from contributing Minorities
to and benefitting from that development. - Barrier free (Physical/ Mental/ Emotional/
Financial)
INEQUALITY - Inclusive Growth
- Unequal access to and control over - Equity vs Equality
resources, land, opportunities and decision - Equity kay ga depend sa need ang
making power support given
- “Affirmative action”
b. Land Use concepts based on - community organizing and development
Classical Planning Theories
- Engage with questions of RAPID URBANIZATION
power, equity, language, - Due to poor government policies that
knowledge construction, and encourage the concentration of basic social
related issues amenities and employment opportunities in
 only the cities, leading to massive rural to sustainability and priority is given to, for
urban migration. example, providing environmental services
and land and resource conservation.
CARRYING CAPACITY
- Maximum population size of a biological EXAMPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL
species that can be sustained by that INFRASTRUCTURES
specific environment - Sanitary Landfill
- In consideration of: - Waste Treatment
- Food
- Habitat
- Water
- Other resources

Manufacturing:
- As cities become wealthier entering the
middle-income stage, many industrialize
rapidly and virtually all experience rapid
motorization. This generates increased
concern with air and water pollution. OBJECTIVES OF THE EIS SYSTEM IN THE
Services: PHILIPPINES
- As cities continue to develop, the increased The main objective of the Philippine EIS System is
concern with environment quality sets to achieve sustainable development. This was
pressures on heavy investment in articulated in the Philippine Environmental Policy
environmental infrastructure development (Presidential Decree 1151) which states: "It is
and improvement. hereby declared a continuing policy of the State to:
- As cities continue to move along the a. create, develop, maintain, and improve
economic development trajectory, the conditions under which man and nature can
environment is increasingly valued in thrive in productive and enjoyable harmony
amenity terms, for example, scenery sites with each other;
for recreational opportunities and sites for b. fulfill the social, economic and other
high-status neighborhoods and properties. requirements of present and future
Therefore, development is more and more generations of Filipinos; and
oriented towards environmental
 c. ensure the attainment of an environmental
quality that is conducive to a life of dignity
and well-being."
This is also reflected in Presidential Decree 1586,
Section 1 which declared "It is... a policy of the
State to attain and maintain a rational and orderly
balance between socioeconomic growth and
environmental protection" and lately, in Department
Administrative Order 30-2003, Article I, Section I "It
is the policy of the DENR ... to ensure a rational
balance between socioeconomic development and
environmental protection for the benefit of present
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
and future generations"
(7 STEPS)
1. Screening
PROCESS AND PROCEDURES THE PHILIPPINE
2. Scoping
EIS SYSTEM
3. Impact Assessment and Mitigation
4. Impact Management
5. EIA Report
6. Review and Licensing
7. Monitoring

Module 5 - Andrea (Please read nalang mo nbc

nga summaries tnx.)

P.D. 957 - The Subdivision and Condominium

Buyers Protective Decree

What PD 957 Covers

● Subdivisions
- Medium cost housing
- 70% saleable (max.)
- 30% non-saleable (min.)
What are non-saleable Areas?
- Parks and Playgrounds
 - Required for projects 1 ha. Or more PLANTING STRIPS AND SIDEWALKS
- 3.5% minimum (20 lots/ha.)
- 9.0% maximum (65 lots/ha.)
- BUT not less than 100 sqm.

-
MINIMUM LOT AREAS

Medium cost Open market

Community facilities Single detached 100 sqm. 120 sqm.

- Multi-purpose center required for
projects 1 hectare or bigger Duplex 80 sqm. 96 sqm.
- These areas are non-saleable
Rowhouse 50 sqm. 60 sqm.

HIERARCHY OF ROADS
MINIMUM LOT AREAS

Medium cost Open market

Single detached

Corner lot 12.0 m 12.0 m

RROW WIDTHS Regular lot 10.0 m 10.0 m

Interior lot 3.0 m 3.0 m

- Major road: 10.0m minimum Duplex 8.0 m 8.0 m

- Minor road: 8.0m minimum
- Applies to both Rowhouse 4.0 m 4.0 m
medium cost and
open market

Planting Strips and MINIMUM LOT: SINGLE DETACHED

Sidewalks
MINIMUM LOT: DUPLEX

MINIMUM LOT: ROWHOUSE

BLOCK LENGTH
● Condominiums
- Open Market housing
ROWHOUSE CLUSTERS

ROADS

MINIMUM FLOOR AREAS

▪ Medium cost = 30 sqm. ▪ Minimum RROW: 8.00m

▪ Open market = 42 sqm. ▪ 6.00m for carriageway

▪ 2.00m for sidewalk/planting strip

SETBACKS ▪ For hierarchy or roads, follow requirements for

▪ Follow NBC. subdivisions

PART 2 FLOOR AREAS FOR CONDOS

Condominiums ▪ Single occupancy

▪ 18 sqm.

MINIMUM SIZES OF ROOMS ▪ 12 sqm. for students

▪ Family occupancy

▪ Follow NBC. ▪ 22 sqm. for medium cost

▪ 36 sqm. for open market

PARKS AND PLAYGROUNDS

MIN. LEVEL OF COMPLETION

▪ Required if:

▪ 10 condo units or more ▪ Complete house based on submitted plans and

▪ Project is 1,000 sqm. or larger specifications

▪ May be waived if a public park is within 800m

PARKS AND PLAYGROUNDS

▪ 50 sqm. for 10 condo units

▪ +3 sqm. for every additional unit