What is Subjective test?

An objective test is a test that require students to write present and

original answer. It is include :
• Short answer
• Essay
Subjective Test are evaluated based on the judgment or opinion of the
examiner.

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What is Subjective test?

❑ Subjective test items are very versatile tools for assessing student
learning.
❑ Subjective Test are more challenging and expensive to prepare
administer, and evaluate correctly but they can be more valid.
❑ Again, there is a tendency for educators to believe that their
development is simple and straightforward, but writing high-quality
items requires a lot of practice.

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Short Answer

Short-answer questions are open-ended questions that require students

to create an answer. They are commonly used in examinations to assess
the basic knowledge and understanding (low cognitive levels) of a topic
before more in depth assessment questions are asked on the topic.

Short answer Q. may require answers

such as :
• Complete the sentence
• Supply the missing word
• Short descriptive
• Diagram with explanation

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Short Answer

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

• Relatively fast to mark and can • Only suitable for questions that
be marked by different assessors. can be answered with short
responses.
• Relatively easy to set compared
to many assessment methods. • SAQ are typically used for
assessing knowledge only,
• Can be used as part of
students may often memorize
Formative and Summative
SAQ with rote learning.
assessments.
• Accuracy of assessment may be
• Unlike MCQ, there is no guessing
influenced by
on answer, student must apply
handwriting/spelling skills.
an answer.
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Essay Test

Essay Tests is a test that requires the student to structure a rather long
written response up to several paragraphs. Essay test also usually allows
greater freedom of response to questions and requires more writing.
Types of question which be arranged in order from simple to complex .
o What, Who, When, Which and Where
o List
o Outline
o Describe
o Contrast
o Compare
o Discuss
o Develop
o Summarize
o Evaluate 5
Types of Essay Test

Essay questions are classified into two types

a) Restricted Response
b) Extended Response

Vs

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Types of Essay Test

1. Restricted-Response Essay Questions

▪ Limits both the content and response

▪ Useful for measuring learning outcomes requiring interpretation and
application of data in a specific area.

Example
Describe two situations that demonstrate the application of law and
demand. Do not use those examples discussed in the class.
Give THREE (3) advantages of essay writing

▪ Restricted response question is more structured.

▪ Measure specific learning outcomes.
▪ Provide for more ease of assessment. 7
Types of Essay Test

2. Extended Response Essay Questions

▪ Used to select information that they think is pertinent, to organize the

answer in accordance with their best judgment, and to integrate and
evaluate ideas as they think suitable.

Example :
Imagine that you and a friend found a magic wand. Write a story about
an adventure that you and your friend had with the magic wand.

▪ Measures learning outcomes at the higher cognitive levels

▪ Expose the individual differences in attitudes, values and creative
ability.
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Restricted-Response Essay Question Ability to:
• explain cause-effect relationships
• describe applications of principles
• present relevant arguments
• formulate tenable hypotheses
• formulate valid conclusions
• state necessary assumptions
• describe the limitations of data
• explain methods and procedure
Extended- Response Essays Ability to-
• Produce, organize and express
ideas
• Integrate learning in different areas
• Create original forms (e.g.,
designing an experiment
• summarize (writing a summary of
story)
• construct creative stories
• explain concepts and principles
• persuade a reader 9
General Characteristics of Subjective Test Items

Subjective test items: Those items that typically do not have a single
correct response.
▪ Subjective implies that subjective judgments of the scorer are an integral part of
the scoring process.
▪ Also known as “free-response,” “constructed-response,” and “supply-type” items.
▪ Include short-answer and essay items.
▪ Require students to produce what they know, as opposed to merely recognizing
the best response from a set of options.
▪ Allow students to search for ideas and concepts that are not restricted to a
predetermined set of responses.
▪ Relatively easy to construct.
▪ Can be time consuming and quite subjective to score, depending on the format. 10
General and specific guidelines in Constructing
Tests
1. Restrict the use of essay questions to those learning outcomes that
cannot be satisfactorily measured by objective items.

2. Construct question that will call forth the skills specified in the learning
standards.

Example:
Write a two page statement defending the importance of conserving our natural
resources? (Your answer will be evaluated in terms of its organization,
comprehensiveness, and relevance of the arguments presented.)

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General and specific guidelines in Constructing
Tests
3. Phrase the question so that the student’s task is clearly indicated.

Example
Poor : Why do birds migrate?
Better: State three hypotheses that might explain why birds migrate south in the fall.
Indicate the most probable one and give reasons for your selection.

4. Indicate an approximate time and limit for each question.

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General and specific guidelines in Constructing
Tests
Tips to remember…

• Use clear specifications of scoring criteria

• Inform students of scoring criteria
• Use an initial review to find “anchor” responses for comparison
• Use descriptive rather than judgmental scores or levels (“writing is clear
and thoughts are complete” vs. “excellent”)

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Scoring for Restricted Response Essay Questions

• In most instances, the teacher should write an example of an expected

response.

• For example, if the student is asked to describe three factors that

contributed to the start of the Civil War, the teacher would construct a
list of acceptable reasons and give the student 1 point for each of up
to three reasons given from the list

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Scoring for Extended-Response Essay Questions

Analytic Scoring Rubrics

• Consist of a rubric broken down into key dimensions that will be
evaluated
• Enables teacher to focus on one characteristic of a response at a time
• Provides maximum feedback for students

Holistic Scoring Rubrics

• Yield a single overall score taking into account the entire response
• Can be used to grade essays more quickly
• Does not provide as much specific feedback as analytic rubric
• Should not consist of scores alone, but rather contain scores
accompanied by statements of the characteristics of the response

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THANK YOU

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