CELL:
General Biology 1
Class 3
Rowie Mae D. Espelita
Learning Competencies
• Classify different cell types (of plant/animal tissues) and
specify the functions of each
(STEM_BIO11/12-Ia-c-3); and
• Describe some cell modifications that lead to adaptation to
carry out specialized functions (e.g., microvilli, root hair)
(STEM_BIO11/12-Ia-c-5).
Tissue – made up of similar cells that perform a
particular function
Animal Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
- formed by cells that cover surfaces and line tubes
and cavities.
Functions of Epithelial Tissue
General Functions of Epithelial Tissue
Provides a barrier between the
external environment and the
organ it covers.
Specialized to function in
secretion and absorption.
Protects organisms from
microorganisms, injury, and fluid
loss.
Excretes waste products such as
sweat from the skin.
Types of Epithelial
Tissues according to
their shape:
➢Squamous
➢Cuboidal
➢Columnar
Squamous Epithelial Tissue
Thin and flat cells
Thin structure allows for movement of substances
across the cells.
Types of Epithelial
Tissues according to
their shape:
➢Squamous
➢Cuboidal
➢Columnar
Cuboidal Epithelial Tissue
Cube-like structure
Function includes absorption, secretion, excretion,
and protection
Types of Epithelial
Tissues according to
their shape:
➢Squamous
➢Cuboidal
➢Columnar
Columnar Epithelial Tissue
Elongated cells (Pillar-like or Column-like)
Function: Protection and Absorption
Types of Epithelial
Tissues according to
the number of
layers:
➢Simple
➢Stratified
Animal Tissue
Nervous Tissue
- functions to transmit nerve impulses around the body
Animal Tissue
Connective Tissue
- functions in supporting, connecting, or separating
different tissues and organs in the body.
3 Main Groups:
Loose Dense Specialized
Loose Connective Tissue
Provides support, flexibility, and strength
Holds organs in place
Attaches epithelial tissue to underlying tissue
Loose Connective Tissue
Collagenous Fibers
- strengthen connective tissue
Elastic Fibers
- gives connective tissue elasticity
Reticular Fibers
- join connective tissues to other tissues
Connective Tissue
- functions in supporting, connecting, or separating
different tissues and organs in the body.
3 Main Groups:
Loose Dense Specialized
Dense Connective Tissue
Also called Fibrous Connective Tissue
Help attach muscles to bones
Links bones together at joints
Dense Connective Tissue
Dense Regular Dense Irregular
- Tendons and ligaments - The membrane capsule
surrounding several
organs
Connective Tissue
- functions in supporting, connecting, or separating
different tissues and organs in the body.
3 Main Groups:
Loose Dense Specialized
Specialized Connective Tissue
Adipose Tissue Cartilage
Bone Tissue Blood and Lymph
Specialized Connective Tissue
Adipose Tissue
- stores fat
- lines organs and body cavities to protect
organs and insulate the body against heat loss.
Specialized Connective Tissue
Cartilage
- provides flexible support
Specialized Connective Tissue
Bone Tissue
- mineralized connective tissue that contains
collagen and calcium phosphate, a mineral crystal
- Calcium phosphate gives bone its firmness.
Specialized Connective Tissue
Blood
- supply organ systems with nutrients
- transport signal molecules between
cells
Lymph
- contains immune system cells that
protect the body against pathogens
Connective Tissue
- functions in supporting, connecting, or separating
different tissues and organs in the body.
3 Main Groups:
Loose Dense Specialized
Animal Tissue
Muscle Tissue
- Consist of elongated cells, also called muscle fibers
- Responsible for movement
3 Types:
Skeletal Smooth Cardiac
Skeletal Muscle
- A voluntary muscle
- Striated
- Has regularly arranged bundles
- It is anchored by tendons
- For Locomotion
- Helps maintain posture
Muscle Tissue
- Consist of elongated cells, also called muscle fibers
- Responsible for movement
3 Types:
Skeletal Smooth Cardiac
Smooth Muscle
- An involuntary muscle
- Non-striated
- It is responsible for involuntary rhythmic contractions of
peristalsis, required for moving food down the alimentary
canal, and for the dilation and construction of blood vessels to
control blood pressure.
Muscle Tissue
- Consist of elongated cells, also called muscle fibers
- Responsible for movement
3 Types:
Skeletal Smooth Cardiac
Cardiac Muscle
- Makes up the heart
- Involuntary
- Striated
- Has irregular branching
Muscle Tissue
- Consist of elongated cells, also called muscle fibers
- Responsible for movement
3 Types:
Skeletal Smooth Cardiac
Animal Tissue
What is made up of similar
cells that perform a
particular function?
What are the four types of
animal tissue?
What is the function of the
nervous tissue?
Give one function of the
loose connective tissue.
CELL:
General Biology 1
Class 3
Rowie Mae D. Espelita
Tissue – made up of similar cells that perform a
particular function
Plant Tissue
Merismatic Tissue
Permanent Tissue
Merismatic Tissue
- Means dividing tissue
- Occurs only in certain specific regions
Apical Meristem
- Present at the growing tips of the stems and roots
- Increases the length of the stem and root
Lateral Meristem
- Increases the girth of the stem or root
Intercalary Meristem
- Meristem at the base of the leaves or
internodes on twigs
Plant Tissue
Merismatic Tissue
Permanent Tissue
Differentiation - process of taking up a permanent
shape, size, and a function is called.
Loosely packed
Provides support to plants and stores food
Epidermis Tissue
- Single layer of cells that covers plants leaves, flowers,
roots, and stems
CELL:
General Biology 1
Class 3
Rowie Mae D. Espelita
