STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE
Mathematics 03
Concept of Fractions
Academic Year 2022-2023
STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE
OBJECTIVES
❖ Recall the meaning of fractions
❖ Differentiate proper fractions, improper fractions, and mixed numbers
❖ Rewrite an improper fraction into a mixed number and vice versa
LESSON PROPER
Fractions
A fraction is a number that names a part of a whole or a set.
PARTS OF A FRACTION
The Numerator tells the number of equal parts being taken
Numerator
or considered.
The Denominator tells the number of equal parts into which
Denominator
the whole is divided.
Fraction bar A fraction bar separate the numerator and denominator.
→ Numerator (shaded part )
1 → Fraction bar
4 → Denominator (equal parts )
This is read as “one – fourth”
Kinds of Fractions
A. Proper Fraction – the numerator is less than the denominator.
Example :
1, 5, 4, 15
8 10 6 41
B. Improper Fraction – the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator. The values of the
fractions are greater than or equal to 1.
Example :
11, 8, 14, 5
11 7 3 3
C. Mixed Number – it has a whole number and a fraction.
Example :
1 1, 2 4, 5 10, 11
3 7 15 4
STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE
Changing a Mixed number to an Improper Fraction
To change a mixed number to an improper fraction, multiply the denominator to whole number then
add the numerator to get a new numerator then affix the denominator.
Example :
1
a. Change 3 to an improper fraction.
4
1 multiply the denominator to whole number then add the numerator to get a new
3 = 4 x 3 + 1 = 13
4 numerator.
1 13 After getting the new numerator, affix the denominator.
3 =
4 4
1
b. . Change 5 to an improper fraction.
6
multiply the denominator to whole number then add the numerator to get a
+1 31
5
new numerator.
x6 6 After getting the new numerator, affix the denominator.
Changing an Improper Fraction to a Mixed Number
To express an improper fraction to mixed number, divide the numerator to denominator.
-The quotient becomes the whole number part of a mixed number.
- The remainder becomes the new numerator.
-The divisor becomes the denominator.
-If the answer in division is without reminder, write it as a whole number.
Example :
19
a. Change into mixed number.
5
3 - Quotient / Whole Number
19 5 19 5 19 34
5 - 15 5 - Remainder / Numerator
4 - Divisor / Denominator
20
b. Change into mixed number.
4
divisor / denominator
5 → quotient / whole number Since there is no
remainder, we can
4 20 20
= 5
0
=5
remove the entire
fraction part of this
4 4
-20 mixed number,
0 → remainder / numerator leaving us with a
final answer of: 5
